RU2803493C1 - Centrifugal screen separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separating bulk materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed for separating bulk materials, mainly cleaning grain materials from large impurities. The centrifugal screen separator with a vertical axis of rotation consists of a loading mouth, a feeder installed with the possibility of rotation, a conical separating sieve attached by the upper base to the loading mouth, internal and external cylindrical sieves, operating with the possibility of providing a difference in their rotation speeds. To carry out the rotational movement of cylindrical screens, an arc-type stator electric motor is used, consisting of several symmetrically installed double-sided inductors and two secondary elements independent of each other, made in the form of rings rigidly connected to the lower bases of the outer and inner cylindrical screens, and the double-sided inductors have different values of pole division each side of the winding.

EFFECT: increased reliability of the installation and reduced metal consumption.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices designed for separating bulk materials, mainly purifying grain materials from large impurities.

A grain cleaning machine is known, including sieve cassettes installed one above the other, a block of brushes for cleaning the sieves, eccentric and crank mechanisms (USSR Author's Certificate No. 511907 A1 for class A01F 12/44. Grain cleaning machine / Kubyshev V.A., Lapshin P N., Klimok A.I.; applicant and patent holder Siberian Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture, Kurgan Mechanical Engineering Institute, 04/30/1976 Bulletin No. 16).

The disadvantage of the technical solution is the low productivity and cleaning efficiency, and the complexity of the drive design.

As a prototype, a centrifugal sieve separator with a vertical axis of rotation was selected, consisting of a loading neck, a feeder installed with the possibility of rotation, a conical dividing sieve, a two-section drum, sowing and grain sieves, operating with the ability to ensure a difference in the speed of their rotation (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1355298 class B07B 1/06. Centrifugal screen separator / Strikunov N.I., Klimok A.I., Tarasov B.T.; applicant and patent holder Siberian Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture, Altai Agricultural Institute, 16.04 .1986 Bulletin No. 44).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low reliability of the drive due to the complexity of the design and the presence of a large number of rubbing and wearing parts.

The technical objective of the invention is to improve the design of the drive, which will increase the reliability of the installation and reduce its metal consumption.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that in a centrifugal screen separator with a vertical axis of rotation, consisting of a loading neck, a feeder installed with the possibility of rotation, a conical dividing sieve attached by the upper base to the loading neck, internal and external cylindrical sieves operating with the ability to provide a difference speeds of their rotation, to carry out the rotational movement of the cylindrical sieves, an arc motor is used, consisting of several symmetrically installed double-sided inductors and two secondary elements independent of each other, made in the form of rings, rigidly connected to the lower bases of the outer and internal cylindrical sieves, and the double-sided inductors have different value of the pole division of each side of the winding.

The use of a double-sided arc motor with a different pole pitch on each side of the winding will provide different rotation speeds of the corresponding secondary elements of the electric motor, and, accordingly, the internal and external sieves of the separator, since the synchronous speed of each side is determined by the expression

where τ - pole division, m;

ƒ - power supply frequency, Hz.

The use of such an electric motor will significantly simplify the design of the drive and increase the reliability of the centrifugal screen separator. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed device. In fig. 2 - section A-A according to Fig. 1. In FIG. 3 - general view of the inductor of an arc motor with double-sided inductors.

A centrifugal screen separator with a vertical axis of rotation 11 includes a rotating loading neck 1, a cylindrical outer sieve 5, a conical shell 2, inside of which there is a feeder 3 and a conical separating sieve 4, attached by the upper base to the rotating loading neck 1.

The conical shell 2 is rigidly connected by its lower base to the cylindrical outer sieve 5, and by its upper base to the loading neck. Inside the cylindrical outer sieve 5, a plate drum 6 is installed coaxially with it. On the inner surface of the plate drum 6, a cylindrical internal sieve 7 is fixed, the diameter of the holes on which is greater than the diameter of the holes of the cylindrical sieve 5.

The cylindrical outer sieve 5 is rigidly connected with the ring 8 with its lower base, the inner sieve 7 is rigidly connected with the ring 15 with its lower base. Rings 8 and 15 are independent from each other secondary elements of the arc motor, consisting of several double-sided inductors 10, and the inductors have different values of the pole division of each side of the winding. Due to the rigid connection of the rings 8, 15 with the bases of the sieves 5, 7, the rotational movement of these sieves is carried out. The use of double-sided inductors 10 with different values of the pole pitch of each side of the winding will provide different speeds of rotation of the corresponding secondary elements 8 and 15, which will provide different speeds of rotation of the inner 7 and outer 5 sieves.

The use of an arc motor with two-sided inductors 10 having different pole division values will provide a different traveling magnetic field on each side of the inductor.

Rings 8 and 15 are used as a secondary element. Rings 8 and 15 are rigidly connected to the lower bases of the sieves 5 and 7 and are made of metal with high electrical conductivity (for example, aluminum or copper) and can be made of aluminum or copper cylindrical rolled pipes or an aluminum or copper plate from which a pipe cylinder is formed (Nasar S.A., Boldea I. Linear traction electric machines: Translated from English / Edited by Doctor of Technical Sciences A.S. Kurbasov. M.: Transport, 1981. 176 pp.).

Double-sided inductors 10 of the arc motor, together with rings 8 and 15, provide a difference in the rotation speeds of the cylindrical sieves 5 and 7. The internal sieve 7 rotates slower than the cylindrical external sieve 5. The conical dividing sieve 4 with its lower base is installed directly above the cylindrical internal sieve 7, which promotes free movement the flowing fraction onto the cylindrical internal sieve 7. The restrictive drum 16 in the lower part ends with a disk 14 with an elastic ring (not shown in the figure), which, when bent, allows foreign objects to pass through.

The separator is enclosed in a casing 12, a brush 13 is installed to clean the sieves. There is a tray 17 to collect impurities. Scrapers 9 throw impurities and foreign objects along trays 17 from the separator.

The centrifugal screen separator works as follows. The grain mixture containing coarse, large and long impurities enters through the rotating loading neck 1 to the feeder 3, is discarded under the action of centrifugal forces, fed to the inner surface of the conical dividing sieve 4 and then moves down, while the grains are sifted through the sieve holes. The conical dividing sieve 4 separates the grain material into two fractions. Most of the long impurities are retained; coarse, large impurities and foreign objects found in the grain material are also retained.

The discharge from the dividing sieve 4 enters the inner surface of the cylindrical internal sieve 7, and the passage enters the space between the drum 6 and the cylindrical outer sieve 5. Due to the preliminary stratification of the grain mixture, long impurities come into contact with the cylindrical sieve 5 much later than small particles, the path of their sliding along the sieve decreases, therefore, the probability of their passage through the holes of the cylindrical sieve decreases, which increases the throughput and quality of cleaning. Foreign objects come off the cylindrical internal sieve 7 and enter tray 17 through the elastic ring. Sieve 5 rotates in the same direction as sieve 7 and drum 6, but at different speeds. In the annular layer of material between the cylindrical sieve 5 and the plates of the drum 6, relative sliding of elementary concentric layers occurs. These layers form a common active layer, in which, under the influence of friction forces, the particles of the grain mixture are directionally oriented, setting their length tangential to the surface of the cylindrical sieve. Long particles, under the influence of friction in the active layer, are laid “flat” on a cylindrical sieve. The sliding of the grain mixture relative to the surface of the sieve 5 allows grains of the short fraction to pass through the openings of the sieve; this is also facilitated by centrifugal forces. The cleaned grain that has passed through the holes of the cylindrical sieve 5 is removed from the machine. Long impurities remain on the surface of the cylindrical sieve 5 and are continuously transported from under the annular layer of material, from where they are thrown into tray 17 by scrapers 9 along with foreign objects and coarse impurities.

The proposed technical solution makes it possible to increase the reliability of the installation and reduce its metal consumption.

Claims (1)

Centrifugal screen separator with a vertical axis of rotation, consisting of a loading neck, a feeder installed with the possibility of rotation, a conical dividing sieve attached by the upper base to the loading neck, internal and external cylindrical sieves operating with the ability to provide a difference in their rotation speeds, characterized in that that to carry out the rotational movement of cylindrical sieves, an arc motor is used, consisting of several symmetrically installed double-sided inductors and two secondary elements independent from each other, made in the form of rings, rigidly connected to the lower bases of the outer and internal cylindrical sieves, and the double-sided inductors have different pole values dividing each side of the winding.

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