RU2802311C1 - Tillage device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: tillage device contains a holder (1), a shovel (2) and two wings (3). Slots and grooves for working bodies in the form of a ripper (8), paraplough (9) and plugs are made at the top and bottom along the butt line of the shovel nose wings. The plugs are made with a hole in the top. The ripper (8) is made in the form of an oval plate, the paraplough (9) is in the form of a right-angled triangle. The cutting edge (12) of the paraplough (9) is located at an angle of 35° to the nose of the shovel (2). Platforms are rigidly fixed on the bases of the ripper (8) and paraplough (9), the length of which is equal to 2/3 of the total length of the base. The width, length and height of the grooves for the working bodies are at least not less than the width, length and height of their platforms. The ratio of the height of each platform to the shovel thickness is 1:3.75. The ends of the wings (3) of the shovels (2) are bent upwards at a right angle to the surface of the wing. The height of the bent part is 8 ... 12 cm. The fold line is placed at an angle of 45° to the back of the wing. The gripping width of the device is 200…250 mm.

EFFECT: increased stability of the movement of the unit, the quality of tillage and the expansion of functionality.

1 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, and in particular to the working bodies of tillage machines.

A device consisting of a rack, a flexible element such as a string is known. One end of the flexible element is attached to the paw, and the other to the bracket located on the rack through a spring and an adjusting screw with a nut (SU No. 536768, IPC A01B 35/26, 1976).

A disadvantage of the known device is the increase in the traction resistance of the working body due to excessive accumulation of plant residues on a flexible element such as a string.

Closest to the claimed device is a cultivator paw containing a holder, two wings with hard-faced wear-resistant blades and a bow (RU 2714843, IPC A01B 35/20, 2020).

The disadvantage of the known design paws of the cultivator is a high traction resistance, low quality processing, unstable movement of the unit.

The technical objective of the invention is to increase the stability of the movement of the unit, the quality of tillage and the expansion of functionality.

The set technical task is achieved by the fact that in a universal tillage device containing a holder and paw wings, according to the invention, slots and grooves for working bodies in the form of a ripper, a slotter and a plug, which are made with a hole in the upper part, the ripper is made in the form of an oval plate, the slotter is in the form of a right-angled triangle, the cutting edge of the slotter is at an angle of 35° platforms are rigidly fixed to the nose of the share, on the bases of the ripper and slotter, the length of which is equal to 2/3 of the total length of the base of the share, the length, width and height of the grooves for the working bodies are at least not less than the length, width and height of their platforms, respectively , the ratio of the height of each platform to the paw thickness is 1:3.75, the ends of the paw wings are bent upwards at a right angle to the wing surface, while the height of the bent part is 8 ... 12 cm, and the fold line is placed at an angle of 45^O to the rear side of the wing, the width of the device is 200 ... 250 mm.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a 3D universal tillage device, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, side view; in fig. 3 - the same, top view; in fig. 4 - the same, front view; in fig. 5 - device with a ripper; in fig. 6 - the same, with a slit; in fig. 7 - device with plugs; in fig. 8 - the same, without plugs; in fig. 9 - ripper with platform; in fig. 10 - the same, side view; in fig. 11 - slotter with a platform; in fig. 12 - the same, side view; in fig. 13 - plug; in fig. 14 - device in section, side view; 15 - the same, with parameters.

The universal tillage device contains a holder 1, a paw 2 and two wings 3 with a pointed edge 4.

Above and below, along the butt line of the wings of the nose part 5 of the paw 2, grooves 6 are made with an open slot 7 for working bodies in the form of a ripper 8, slot 9 and plugs 10. Plugs 10 are made with a hole 11 in the upper part. The nose part of the working bodies and plugs copies the nose part 5 of the paw 2. The height of the plug 10 is equal to the height of the groove 6 with a slot 7, and the thickness of the jumper is equal to the thickness of the paw 2 minus two heights of the plug 10.

The ripper 8 is made in the form of an oval plate, and the slotter 9 is a rectangular triangle. The cutting edge 12 of the slotter 9 is at an angle of 35° to the bow 5 of the paw 2. On the bases 13 of the ripper 8 and the slot 9, platforms 14 are rigidly fixed, the length of which is equal to 2/3 of the total length L of the base 13, i.e. 2/3L.

Since the slit 9 is made in the form of a right triangle and the parameters of its legs are predetermined. The length of the large leg of the slotter 9 is equal to its base 13 and is equal to 90 mm, and the small leg is equal to the slotting depth and is equal to 60 mm, so the angle of inclination of the cutting edge 12 of the slotter 9 to the bow 5 of the paw 2 will be 35°.

The execution of the platforms of the ripper 8 and the slotter 9 with a length of 2/3L ensures reliable fixation of the working bodies in the grooves 6 of the paw 2. The free 1/3 of the length of the bases of the ripper 8 and the slotter 9 during operation rest on the surface of the paw from above and ensure their stability.

The length, width, and height of the grooves 6 for the working bodies are at least not less than the length, width, and height of their platforms 14. For example, if the thickness of the wing b = 15 mm, then the height of the slot a is equal to the thickness of the upper and lower parts of the wing above and under groove 6 and equal to a=2 mm. The height of the jumper k between the platforms is 3 mm. The height from platform 14 is 4 mm, so the thickness of the wing is b = 2a + k + 2c = 4 + 3 + 8 = 15 mm.

The ratio of the height from each platform 14 to the thickness of the paw 2 is 1:3.75, which ensures secure fastening of the platform 14 in the groove 6 and saves material. This ratio was obtained taking into account the parameters of the wing thickness b = 15 mm and the height c = 4 mm of the platform 14. For example, if the thickness c is equal to 5 mm, then the thickness of the wing b will be 18.75 mm, which will lead to an increase in the traction resistance of the device, and if c, is 3 mm, then the thickness b=11.25 mm, which can lead to a violation of the reliability of the device design.

The ends of the wings 3 paws 2 are bent up at right angles to the surface of the wing 3. The height of the bent part is 8...12 cm, which corresponds to the depth of processing. The fold line is placed at an angle of 45° to the rear side of the wing. In this case, the bent part of the wing 3 is placed parallel to the butt line of the wings, which does not lead to an increase in traction resistance. Otherwise, the traction resistance will increase. The gripping width of the device is 200…250 mm.

Universal tillage device works as follows.

Before starting work, the wings 3 of the paws 2 of the device are installed parallel to the horizontal surface. Ripper 8 and slotter 9 are inserted into grooves 6 with an open slot 7 above and below paw 2 using platforms 14.

When the device moves, the paw 2 cuts the soil with the front edge of the wings 3 with a deposited layer, which ensures complete cutting of weed roots.

The ends of the wings 3 of the paw 2, bent upwards at a right angle, together with the ripper 8, loosen the soil to a depth of 12 cm, the depth of loosening by the bent parts depends on the depth of cutting the weeds of the paw itself.

Ripper 8 and slotter 9 are securely held in grooves 6, although they are not fixed in them, since during operation they are under soil pressure and their platforms 14 rest against the rear walls of grooves 6.

The presence of the ripper 8, slot 9 and bent parts at the ends of the wings 3 paws ensure the stability of the unit.

If it is necessary to carry out only cultivation with loosening the soil, the slitter 9 is removed from the groove 6 and a plug 10 is inserted into the empty groove 6 instead. carrying out only cultivation, remove the ripper 8 and slotter 9 and instead insert plugs 10 into empty grooves 6. Installing plugs 10 allows you to protect the grooves 6 from being forgotten by the soil.

In one pass, the unit can simultaneously perform several operations at once: cutting weeds, loosening and slotting the soil.

The use of a universal tillage device will expand the functionality, improve the quality of tillage and the stability of the unit.

Claims (1)

A soil-cultivating device containing a holder, a paw and two wings, characterized in that slots and grooves for working bodies in the form of a ripper, a slotter and plugs are made at the top and bottom along the butt line of the wings of the fore part of the paw, which are made with a hole in the upper part, the ripper is made in the form of an oval plate, the slotter is in the form of a rectangular triangle, the cutting edge of the slotter is located at an angle of 35 ° to the nose of the share, on the bases of the ripper and the slotter there are rigidly fixed platforms, the length of which is equal to 2/3 of the total length of the base, the width, length and height of the grooves under the working bodies, at least not less than the width, length and height of their platforms, respectively, the ratio of the height of each platform to the thickness of the paw is 1: 3.75, the ends of the wings of the paws are bent upwards at a right angle to the surface of the wing, while the height of the bent part equal to 8…12 cm, and the fold line is placed at an angle of 45° to the rear side of the wing, the width of the device is 200…250 mm.