RU2801502C1 - Drilling and riveting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanical devices for riveting and assembly work in parts and assembly units made of hard-to-cut materials. The device contains a drilling tool feed mechanism and a riveting head drive mechanism located in the housing and connected to an asynchronous electric motor. The drive mechanism includes coaxially arranged outer hollow and inner shafts, crank and pneumatic cylinder. The electric motor is mounted on the shaft of the feed mechanism, connected by means of a gear with the internal shaft of the drive mechanism. An electromagnetic clutch, an elastic clutch and an adjustable quill are placed on the feed mechanism shaft. The pneumatic cylinder is configured to move the outer and inner shafts together with the riveting head and provide controlled pressure on the riveting head. The riveting head is configured to move along a radial helical trajectory.

EFFECT: reduction in size and simplification of the design of the device, as well as the expansion of its technological capabilities with high quality riveting.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical devices used in the machining of holes with an axial tool using drills and riveting and assembly work in parts and assembly units from difficult-to-machine materials, including brittle or soft, for example, polymer composite materials (PCM), as well as mixed packages from PCM with titanium or aluminum alloys. It can be used in aircraft construction, shipbuilding and other industries.

In mechanical engineering, when machining holes in hard-to-cut materials, in order to ensure high productivity and exclude repeated technological operations, such as the use of riveting machines or mechanisms after drilling machines, the use of combined devices is required.

A known installation for group riveting by flaring with a precessing tool, containing mounted in the housing drive spindle units with punch holders mounted on their spindles, associated with individual drives of relative reciprocating axial movement (SU 703212, publ. 12/15/1979).

However, the known installation does not allow smooth regulation of the axial force during riveting, it has two drives for rotation and axial movement of the spindles, which complicates the design and control system, in addition, it does not allow drilling holes before mounting rivets.

Also known is the installation for riveting with a precessing tool, containing mounted in the housing drive spindle assemblies with punch holders installed on their spindles, associated with individual drives with respect to reciprocating axial movement, equipped with adjustable brakes for spindle assemblies for smooth control of axial force during riveting (SU 948520, published 07/07/1982).

However, the known installation performs only one technological operation of riveting and is not intended for drilling holes before mounting rivets.

Closest to the claimed is an automatic drilling and riveting device for drilling and riveting, containing two power units, one unit contains a riveting head and a package compression mechanism, and the other unit contains a support head, a drilling and countersinking head and a mechanism for feeding and installing rivets. The device contains at least two separate drive motors (SU 1602604, publ. 10/30/1990). This device is taken as a prototype.

The known device is complex in design, has large dimensions, technological and functional limitations, and cannot be used for riveting polymer composite materials with high quality requirements and accuracy of dosing forces when mounting various sizes of rivets.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to simplify the design, reduce the size, expand the technological and functional capabilities of the device.

EFFECT: reduction in size and simplification of the device, as well as expansion of technological and functional capabilities with high quality of riveting due to the implementation of drilling and riveting operations from one asynchronous electric motor, made with the possibility of smooth control of forces during riveting, as well as the use of an orbital riveting head for performing radial spiral riveting, which allows for the processing of materials with high quality mounting of various standard sizes of rivets.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the drilling and riveting device, containing a drilling tool feed mechanism and a riveting head with a drive mechanism, is equipped with an asynchronous motor and a housing that houses a drilling tool feed mechanism made with a shaft and a riveting head drive mechanism, including coaxially arranged outer hollow and inner shafts, a crank configured to drive the riveting head, and a pneumatic cylinder. The mentioned mechanisms are connected to an asynchronous electric motor, which is mounted on the shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism, connected by means of a gear with the internal shaft of the riveting head drive mechanism, while an electromagnetic clutch, an elastic coupling and an adjustable quill are placed on the shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism, and the pneumatic cylinder of the drive mechanism riveting head is made with the possibility of moving the outer and inner shafts together with the riveting head and providing adjustable pressure on the riveting head, which is configured to move along a radial helical trajectory.

Taken together, these essential features are aimed at solving a technical problem, namely, reducing the size and simplifying the device, as well as expanding the technological and functional capabilities and quality of riveting.

According to paragraph 2 of the formula, the riveting head contains a bearing system, a spring, a spherical thrust bearing, a punch holder and a rolling punch.

This design of the riveting head makes it possible to perform a radial spiral trajectory of movement during riveting.

In FIG. 1 shows the design of the proposed device, Fig. 2 - construction of the riveting head in section. In FIG. 3 shows the trajectory of the riveting head during the installation of the rivet.

In FIG. 1,2,3 are shown:

1-case of mechanisms,

2-asynchronous electric motor,

3-elastic coupling,

4- pneumatic cylinder,

5-electromagnetic clutch,

6- quill,

7- quill movement handle,

8- gear,

9-shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism,

10 - collet chuck,

11- drill,

12,13 - gears,

14- riveting head,

15- outer shaft of the riveting head drive mechanism,

16-inner shaft of the riveting head drive mechanism,

17 - the upper cavity in the pneumatic cylinder 4,

18 - gear,

19- crank,

20 - crown wheel,

21- cover,

22- body of the riveting head,

23 - spherical thrust bearing,

24 - punch holder,

25- ball bearing,

26-cone spring,

27 - rolling punch,

28-spherical bearing,

29-lower cavity in the pneumatic cylinder 4.

The electric motor 2 transmits torque to the shaft 9 through the elastic coupling 3. The shaft 9 is held by the electromagnetic clutch 15, which is fixed to the end of the shaft going through the coupling 3. The shaft 9 is made of composite.

The operation of the device is as follows.

The drilling operation is carried out in the following order:

First, the handle for moving the quill 6 is raised, thereby moving the gear 8 along the quill 6, while the shaft 9 is lowered and using a collet chuck 10, in which the drill 11 is installed, a hole is drilled (not shown) in the product (not shown). After processing the hole, the quill handle 7 is lowered down, the shaft 9 moves up.

The rivet is installed in a drilled hole, and it is recommended that the hole be shaped more than the diameter of the rivet rod by 0.1 mm. The device or the product itself after drilling the hole is moved to the center distance between the axes of the rivets for further riveting, the height of the device above the product does not exceed the maximum stroke of the retractable riveting mechanism.

The riveting operation is carried out in the following order:

The shaft 9, on which the gear wheel 12 is located, stops rotating by turning off the electromagnetic clutch 5, then air is supplied under pressure from the compressor (not shown) into the cavity 17 of the pneumatic cylinder 4, while the shaft 15 moves down, in which the inner shaft 16 is coaxially installed, and gear wheel 13.

As soon as the gear wheel 13 drops to the level of the gear wheel 12, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is turned on, and the rotation is transmitted from the shaft 9 to the shaft 15, and from the shaft 15 to the shaft 16, which sets the orbital riveting head 14 in motion. Moreover, the shaft 16 is rigidly connected to the gear wheel 13. The shaft 15 with the crank 19 and the gear 18 engages with the crown wheel 20, while the cover 21, the body 22, the spherical thrust bearing 23 begin to rotate in the other direction relative to the shaft 15, simultaneously with this crank 19 rotates the punch holder 24 through the ball bearing 25. A conical spring 26 is installed between the punch holder 24 and the cover 21 to ensure good contact of the rolling punch 27 with the rivet (not shown), and to prevent the punch 27 from being withdrawn. Also between the punch holder 24 and the spherical thrust bearing 23 there is a spherical bearing 28. The spherical thrust bearing 23 and the punch holder 24 rotate in different directions, and the thrust bearing 23 with its shape does not allow the axis of the punch holder 24 to stand parallel to the axis of the shaft 15. The riveting process begins. Rolling punch 27 moves along a predetermined trajectory and simultaneously presses on the rivet rod, forming a closing head. The trajectory of the punch during riveting is shown in Fig. 3. Pneumatic cylinder 4 provides adjustable pressure on the riveting head of the rivet. To complete the riveting process, pressure is applied to the pneumatic cylinder 4 from the compressor (not shown) into the cavity 29, and the shaft 15, together with the riveting head 14, is removed from the rivet head.

The device can be used in a suspended or stationary version.

Rivets of various standard sizes with a diameter of 1.6 to 16 mm can be used.

It should be noted that both drilling and riveting processes can be carried out both simultaneously in order to automate the manufacture of riveted joints, or separately.

A specific example of the operation of the device.

To connect two sheets of fiberglass material grade VPS-33, which is a polymer composite material, each with a thickness of 4 mm, a hole with a diameter of 8.1 mm was drilled at the marked place. The working stroke was set by the shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism. The rotation speed was set to 910 rpm and the drill feed within 0.1-0.25 mm/rev using an asynchronous motor. Drilling time was 41 sec.

A substrate was installed under the sheets as a support, then the body of the embedded rivet with a diameter of 8 mm was inserted into the hole formed.

Next, the riveting head punch was brought in and the electric motor was turned on by adjusting the air pressure in the pneumatic cylinder (from 0 to 0.8 MPa), while rolling (flaring) of the rivet head was carried out due to the radial spiral trajectory of the punch. At the same time, the surface of the sheets of brittle material was not deformed. The quality of the riveting was high.

Claims (2)

1. A drilling and riveting device containing a drilling tool feed mechanism and a riveting head with a drive mechanism, characterized in that it is equipped with an asynchronous motor and a housing that houses a drilling tool feed mechanism made with a shaft and a riveting head drive mechanism, including coaxially located outer hollow and inner shafts, a crank made with the possibility of driving the riveting head, and a pneumatic cylinder, the mentioned mechanisms are connected to an asynchronous electric motor, which is installed on the shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism, connected by means of a gear with the internal shaft of the riveting head drive mechanism, when At the same time, an electromagnetic clutch, an elastic clutch and an adjustable quill are placed on the shaft of the drilling tool feed mechanism, and the pneumatic cylinder of the riveting head drive mechanism is configured to move the outer and inner shafts together with the riveting head and provide adjustable pressure on the riveting head, which is configured to move along the radial spiral path. 2. Drilling and riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the riveting head contains a bearing system, a spring, a spherical thrust bearing, a punch holder and a rolling punch.