RU2800566C1 - Thermobunker - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: thermobunker for asphalt concrete mixture is made in form of a metal heat-insulated body, having an upper loading window with two flaps and side covers for unloading the thermal bunker. The thermobunker includes three side lids for unloading the bunker: one large and two small ones, and the small lids of the thermobunker are made in the large lid of the thermobunker. Pneumatic cylinders carry out opening/closing of doors of the loading window and the large lid. Small lids are configured with the possibility of moving along vertical guides mounted on the large lid by means of levers.

EFFECT: thermobunker design is proposed.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of road engineering, in particular, to equipment for the rapid transportation of asphalt concrete, bitumen-mineral mixtures during the construction and repair of roads.

Known equipment for the repair of pavement, see RF patent No. 99011, dated 11/10/2010. This equipment includes a heat-insulated hopper on a platform, a loading hatch with covers and a mechanism for their drive, containing two hydraulic cylinders, one ends of which are hinged on the platform, and the other ends are hinged to L-shaped levers that are connected to the covers, and an unloading hatch. At the same time, the covers of the loading hatch in the rotary part from the inside along the entire length are equipped with extensions, the lower edge of which, when the covers are open at an angle of 45 °, is located below the plane of the loading hatch, and on the end sides of the covers, from the side of the unloading hatch, two-arm levers are installed, the axes of rotation of which are aligned with the axes of rotation of the lids, also one lever arms are fixed at the ends of the lids, and flexible links are fixed at the free ends of the second lever arms. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the amount of asphalt mix during road repair.

The closest solution is an autonomous modular hopper-type heating and melting furnace, see RF patent No. 192850, dated 03.10.2019. This furnace has a thermally insulated box-shaped body with top loading and side doors for material unloading, which are additionally thermally insulated. The furnace is made of a modular, welded metal structure made of a heat-conducting material and contains one or more thermal modules with material heating chambers, mainly in the form of a straight parallelepiped, located inside its heat-insulated box-shaped body, which are located at a distance from each other, with the formation of air cavities between the walls of the chambers and the body , which are gas ducts of the heating system - melting of the material and forming a coolant circulation loop, which is used as a gas-air mixture - the heat of outgoing hot gaseous combustion products from burners located below the bottom of the material heating chambers, in the space of each gas duct of thermal modules, the outer walls of which are additionally thermally insulated . The furnace is equipped with systems for controlling the temperature regime of the burner devices and/or signaling devices with indication devices, as well as a fuel safety system. The furnace is made mobile with the possibility of its installation and transportation on the chassis of a trailer or motor vehicle of the appropriate carrying capacity, and is also made autonomous with the possibility of heating the material directly during the transportation of the furnace due to the presence of autonomous fuel supply equipment. The disadvantage of this furnace is the complexity of the design, and the inability to control the amount of asphalt mix during road repairs.

One of the tasks of the proposed thermal bunker is the storage of hot asphalt mix at operating temperature without loss of properties, for transportation to the repair site and distribution directly in the work area.

Another of the tasks of the proposed thermobunker is to simplify the opening of flaps and covers.

The main objective of the proposed thermal bunker is the ability to control the flow rate of the asphalt mix during patching away from the asphalt plant or when laying sidewalks in cramped conditions and, as a result, reduce its consumption.

EFFECT: reduced consumption of asphalt concrete mixture during patching work far from the asphalt concrete plant or when laying sidewalks in cramped conditions.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the thermal bunker for the asphalt concrete mixture is made in the form of a metal heat-insulated housing having an upper loading window with two flaps and side covers for unloading the thermal bunker. At the same time, the thermobunker includes three side covers for unloading the bunker: one large and two small ones, where the small covers of the thermobunker are made in the large cover of the thermobunker.

Also, the thermal bunker includes pneumatic cylinders that open/close the flaps of the loading window and the large lid, and the existing small lids are made with the ability to move along vertical guides mounted on the large lid by means of levers.

The metal heat-insulated body is made in the form of a frame sheathed with steel sheets, between which a heater is installed.

Covers for unloading the bunker, as a rule, are made from the end of the body. Small covers are made with the ability to move upward along the vertical guides. The opening of the large lid is also carried out by lifting it up.

In addition, to reduce the adhesion of the asphalt mix to the inner walls of the thermobunker, the inner surface of the thermobunker is painted with heat-resistant paint.

The proposed thermobunker is shown in the attached Fig. and consists of the following elements:

1. thermobunker body;

2. sashes;

3. the lid is large;

4. cover is small;

5. pneumatic cylinder;

6. lever.

Thermobunker device

The body of the thermal bunker 1 is welded from rolled metal and sheathed on both sides with a sheet of 09G2S alloy steel, between which a heater is installed, which allows for a long time to keep the heat of the asphalt-bitumen mixture inside the thermal bunker.

For loading the asphalt-bitumen mixture, two flaps 2 are provided on the roof of the thermal bunker, the opening-closing mechanism of the flaps is driven by pneumatic cylinders 5.

The opening of the flaps for loading the thermobunker occurs by means of two pneumatic cylinders.

Two oppositely mounted pneumatic cylinders are responsible for opening the doors in different directions. The doors are mirrored. Each sash is mounted on the axis of the relatively long side of the sash. To open the sash, air under pressure is supplied to the piston area of the pneumatic cylinder, which actuates the rod of the pneumatic cylinder and it extends. In turn, the rod of the pneumatic cylinder is pivotally connected to a rigidly welded lever on the side of the sash. As a result of the action of the stroke of the pneumatic cylinder rod on the sash lever, it moves around the axis and, accordingly, the sash itself opens. The work of the second sash occurs in a similar way. Closing of the valves occurs in the reverse order.

To unload the contents from the thermal bunker, covers are provided: one large 3 (1200 mm x 190 mm) from the end and two small 4 (440 mm x 470 mm). Opening-closing of the large cover 3 is carried out due to the operation of the pneumatic cylinder 5.

The opening of the large lid for unloading a large amount of bituminous mixture occurs due to a vertically mounted pneumatic cylinder. The base of the pneumatic cylinder is hinged on the upper part of the thermobunker body. The rod of the pneumatic cylinder is pivotally fixed in the lower part of the cover in the middle between the small flaps. In the closed position, the pneumatic cylinder is fully extended, with the leaf in its lower position. In turn, the flap is located on the end part of the thermobunker, on the sides the flap is limited by parallel grooves along which the flap moves up and down. To open the sash, air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder in the rod area, while the rod retracts and pulls the sash to the top, the translational movement of which is limited by skids on the sides of the sash. As a result, the cavity at the bottom of the sash opens and the asphalt-bitumen mixture is unloaded.

Small covers 4 move along the guides fixed on the large cover 3 with M12 bolts. The force for moving each small cover 4 is given by levers 6 pivotally mounted on the body 1 and fixed on each of the small covers itself.

Principle of operation

The thermobunker is installed and fastened to the body of a dump truck.

To load the mixture into the container of the thermal bunker, the upper flaps 2 are opened with the help of the efforts of the pneumatic cylinders 5. After loading the thermobunker, the flaps 2 are closed. A large cover 3 and 2 small covers 4 are provided for unloading the contents from the tank of the thermal bunker. A pneumatic cylinder 5 is provided for opening and closing cover 3, and opening and closing of covers 4 occurs due to levers 6. The equipment allows not to throw away asphalt residues, but to apply it on another object or reuse at the asphalt plant. Using a thermal bunker, you can significantly extend the period of work, since external weather conditions do not have a significant impact.

The advantages of the thermobunker are as follows:

- simplicity of design;

- the use of heat-resistant paint allows the elimination of sticking

asphalt on the walls;

- absence of the screw allows to increase considerably the volume of the transported asphalt;

- asphalt unloading of the thermal bin can be carried out by lifting the dump truck body or manually at the work site.

Claims (8)

1. Thermobunker for asphalt concrete mix, made in the form of a metal heat-insulated body, having an upper loading window with two flaps and side covers for unloading the thermobunker, characterized in that the thermobunker includes three side covers for unloading the bunker: one large and two small, while small the lids of the thermobunker are made in the large lid of the thermobunker, the thermobunker also includes pneumatic cylinders for opening/closing the flaps of the loading window and the large lid, and the existing small covers are movable along vertical guides mounted on the large cover by means of levers. 2. Thermobunker according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal heat-insulated body is made in the form of a frame sheathed with steel sheets, between which a heater is installed. 3. Thermobunker according to claim 1, characterized in that the covers for unloading the bunker are made from the end of the housing. 4. Thermobunker according to claim 1, characterized in that the small covers are made with the possibility of moving upward along the vertical guides. 5. Thermobunker according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the large lid is carried out by lifting it up. 6. Thermobunker according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the thermobunker is painted with heat-resistant paint.