RU2800506C1 - Fire extinguishing system sprinkler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: claimed technical solution is generally related to fire-fighting equipment used as part of automatic fire extinguishing systems, and in particular to a sprinkler for supplying fire extinguishing liquid (in particular water) in the form of a finely sprayed stream. The sprinkler contains a housing with outlets closed by a shut-off spring-loaded valve, a thermally sensitive collapsing element and a forced actuation mechanism. Forced actuation mechanism is made in form of an electric arc discharger, containing a dielectric housing and two electrodes installed in said arrester housing, to which voltage is applied at the moment of actuation. The electric arc gap is installed on the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system in such a way that said thermally sensitive collapsing element is located between the said electrodes of the arc gap. In the method for remote control of the sprinkler of a fire extinguishing system containing a thermally sensitive collapsing element, a thermally sensitive element is placed between two electrodes. Alternating current is supplied to said electrodes. Said thermosensitive element is destroyed by a high-voltage electric arc discharge formed between said electrodes.

EFFECT: use of the claimed invention makes it possible to increase reliability of the remote actuation of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system.

14 cl, 10 dwg

Description

Technical field

The claimed technical solution generally relates to fire-fighting equipment used as part of automatic fire extinguishing systems and, in particular, to a sprinkler for supplying fire extinguishing liquid (in particular water) in the form of a finely sprayed stream.

State of the art

The sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system usually consists of a body, a shut-off valve, a socket for spraying liquid flowing from the outlet of the sprinkler, a temperature-sensitive element that holds the shut-off valve of the sprinkler and is activated when the set temperature is reached.

As a temperature-sensitive element of a thermal lock, discontinuous elements are currently used - glass thermoflasks. The principle of operation of a sprinkler sprinkler is as follows. When the temperature in the thermal lock zone exceeds its nominal response temperature, the thermal bulb is destroyed, the shut-off valve falls out of the sprinkler housing socket, and the water flow, hitting the sprinkler socket, is distributed over the protected area.

A sprinkler of a fire extinguishing system is known from the prior art (RU 2652587, publ. 24.05.2017). The well-known sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system contains a housing with an outlet closed by a shut-off valve, a temperature-sensitive collapsing element and a trigger control device. The actuation control device is made in the form of a conductive coating deposited on the surface of a thermally sensitive collapsing element, and the coating has leads for inclusion in the circuit of the sprinkler condition control unit.

A sprinkler sprinkler is known from the prior art (PCT/RU PCT/RU2012/001035, publ. 06/13/2013). A sprinkler sprinkler with a fire sensor, containing a housing, a shut-off valve, a control and control unit for the state of the shut-off valve, including a thermally destructible sensitive element connected to a thermal heating element, and leads for communication with a fire alarm and control device.

Also known from the prior art sprinkler (RU 2 379 080 C1, publ. 20.01.2010). Sprinkler sprinkler with controlled start-up, containing a housing in which a shut-off valve is pressed through a sealing disc spring, a thermally destructible sensitive element connected to a thermal heating element, with terminals for communication with a control power source, equipped with a normally-closed contact group connected to the terminals of the thermal heating element .

The disadvantage of the technical solutions known from the prior art is the intervention or application of additional elements to the surface of the bulb, which violates the technical characteristics of the bulb, and, accordingly, affects the reliability of the operation of the temperature-sensitive bulb. In the claimed invention, the technical characteristics of the flask are not violated, since in the claimed technical solution no changes are made to the design of the flask, the flask is used in the factory version, and, accordingly, the reliability of operation of the thermosensitive bulb remains at a consistently high level. At the same time, in the claimed invention there are no moving mechanical elements, there is no requirement for the quality of the contacts of the supply conductors, due to low current values, and there are no heating elements that can be damaged during installation. Thus, the claimed invention is aimed at improving the reliability of the sprinkler, providing a guaranteed effect of the destruction of the flask.

The essence of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the proposed sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system is to provide the possibility of remote control, forced start of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of remote actuation of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system, containing a housing, with outlets blocked by a shut-off spring-loaded valve, a thermally sensitive collapsing element and a forced operation mechanism, the forced operation mechanism being made in the form of an electric arc discharger containing a dielectric housing and two, electrodes installed in said arrester housing, to which voltage is applied at the moment of operation, while the arc arrester is installed on the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system in such a way that the said thermally sensitive collapsing element is located between the said electrodes of the arc arrester.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the voltage supplied to the spark gap electrodes is formed by means of a high-voltage transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the said electrodes, and the primary winding to the transistor, which in turn is connected to the microprocessor, while these components are connected to the power source.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, it additionally contains a housing located around the said body of the sprinkler, while in the said additional housing there is a high-voltage transformer, a microprocessor, a transistor and a power source.

In a particular case of implementing the claimed technical solution, the voltage applied to the spark gap electrodes is generated by a signal from the fire extinguishing system control system via a wired or wireless communication channel, while the sprinkler additionally contains a wireless communication module connected to the microprocessor.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the voltage applied to the spark gap electrodes is an alternating current with a voltage of 10-30 kV and a frequency of 15-20 kHz.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the thermosensitive collapsing element is made in the form of a glass thermosensitive flask.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the thermosensitive flask is filled with a liquid that boils at the response temperature.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the method of remote control of the sprinkler sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system containing a thermally sensitive collapsing element, in which: a thermally sensitive element is placed between two electrodes, alternating current is applied to the said electrodes, said thermally sensitive element is destroyed by a high-voltage electric arc discharge formed between said electrodes.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, an alternating current with a voltage of 10-30 kV and a frequency of 15-20 kHz is used.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, a temperature is created in the arc column in the range from 7,000 to 18,000°C.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the alternating voltage is formed by means of a generator and a transformer with a chopper.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, an alternating voltage is generated by a signal from the fire extinguishing system control system via a wired or wireless communication channel.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the thermosensitive collapsing element is made in the form of a glass thermosensitive flask.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the thermosensitive flask is filled with a liquid that boils at the response temperature.

Brief description of the drawings

Details, features, and advantages of the present invention follow from the following description of the embodiments of the claimed technical solution using the drawings, which show:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system;

In FIG. 2 is a sketch view of the design of the claimed device with spaced structural elements;

In FIG. 3 - general view of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system: bottom view, side view, general view, sectional view;

In FIG. 4 - an embodiment of the claimed device, in which the connection of the electronic component base with the control system of the fire extinguishing system is implemented via a wireless connection;

In FIG. 5 - an embodiment of the claimed device, in which the connection of the electronic component base with the control system of the fire extinguishing system is implemented via a wired connection;

In FIG. 6 - arc element;

In FIG. 7 - arc element in section;

In FIG. 8 is a sketch view of the design of the claimed device with spaced structural elements;

In FIG. 9 - sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system in the standby position;

In FIG. 10 is a sketch of the design of the claimed device with structural elements spaced apart.

The figures indicate the following structural elements:

1 - sprinkler sprinkler; 2 - thermosensitive element; 3 - arc arrester; 4 - fire pipe fitting; 5 - body; 6 - cover; 7 - control board; 8 - battery; 9 - high voltage output; 10 - high-voltage converter; 11 - sprinkler nozzles; 12 - terminals for connecting to the control system, in particular the RS - 485 interface; 13- bracket; 14 - microprocessor; 15 - Bluetooth transceiver module; 16 - housing of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system; 17 - body of the electric arc gap; 18 - electrodes; 19 - conductor; 20 - communication unit; 21 - control and indication unit; 22 - power and temperature control system; 23 - pump pulse generator; 24 - power supply; 25 - power battery; 26 - battery charging system and power supply; 27 - electronic component base; 28 - spring-loaded valve.

Disclosure of invention

Sprinkler (1) of the fire extinguishing system consists of a housing (16) with an internal working chamber. According to the text of the description, a preferred embodiment of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system is given, while the sprinkler itself can be made of any design known from the prior art, containing an automatic thermal lock, in particular a heat-sensitive flask (2).

The sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system consists of a housing (16) with an internal working chamber (not shown in the images). The inner working chamber is connected to the fire extinguishing liquid supply channel of the fire extinguishing system. The claimed sprinkler is connected to the fire extinguishing system by means of a fitting (4) of the fire pipeline, while the sprinkler body is provided with a thread, through which the said body is connected to the fitting, and the fitting is connected to the pipes of the fire extinguishing system.

Nozzles (11) are made in the housing (16), with each nozzle being made in the form of a through channel from the outer surface of the housing (16) to the inner working chamber.

The sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system according to the present claimed technical solution is equipped with a thermal lock of automatic operation.

The thermal lock is made in the form of a spring-loaded valve (28), made with the possibility of translational movement inside the body (16) of the fire extinguishing sprinkler (1), and a heat-sensitive collapsing element (2).

The design of the valve is not the subject of the present invention, the valve can be made according to any known from the prior art version of the implementation of spring-loaded shut-off valves, which allows opening the fluid passage at the moment of operation.

The valve (28) is located in the inner part of the body (16) of the sprinkler (1), while the valve in the duty mode closes the channel for supplying the fire extinguishing liquid to the working chamber and, accordingly, to the outlet nozzles (11) of the sprinkler, made in the walls of the body (16) sprinkler (1).

On the end surface of the body of the sprinkler (1) there is a bracket (13), consisting of three arcuate racks conjugated at the lower point, made at the same time. The junction of the racks is designed to install the lower supporting surface of the thermally sensitive collapsing element (2).

A glass thermosensitive flask is used as a thermosensitive collapsing element.

The glass thermosensitive flask (2) is filled with a liquid that boils at the response temperature.

The temperature-sensitive flask (2) communicates with said spring-loaded valve through a hole made in the end part of the body (16) of the sprinkler. In the normal state, the valve is designed in such a way that it closes the passage of the fire extinguishing liquid to the working chamber of the sprinkler, and, consequently, to the nozzles of the fire extinguishing sprinkler. In the event of a fire, the glass temperature-sensitive bulb (2) heats up and breaks, and the valve opens, making a translational movement, and opens the passage of the fire extinguishing liquid to the working chamber and, accordingly, to the nozzles.

The declared sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system, in addition to the normal mode of operation described above, in addition to the main mode of operation, is made with the possibility of remote forced operation of the temperature-sensitive element in case of early detection of a fire.

The claimed design of the forced actuation mechanism of the system sprinkler eliminates any changes to the standard design of the thermosensitive flask, which in turn reduces the risks associated with changes in the characteristics of the flask and reduces the risk of deviations from the standard parameters.

When a certain temperature is reached, the thermosensitive flask (2) bursts, thereby opening the nozzles for the fire extinguishing liquid. Any intervention or application of additional elements to the surface of the flask violates the technical characteristics of the flask (2), and accordingly affects the reliability of the operation of the thermosensitive flask. In the claimed invention, the technical characteristics of the flask are not violated, since in the claimed technical solution no changes are made to the design of the flask, the flask is used in the factory version, and, accordingly, the reliability of operation of the thermosensitive bulb remains at a consistently high level.

The forced actuation mechanism is an electric arc arrester (3). The electric arc gap (3) is fixed on the body (16) of the sprinkler (1). The electric arc spark gap contains a dielectric housing (17) and two spark gaps, an electrode (18) and an electrical conductor (19) installed in the said housing (17), through which the said electrodes (18) are connected to the high-voltage converter (10). The electric arc gap is a clip, which, in the embodiment of the claimed technical solution of the sprinkler, is fixed on the mentioned bracket (13) for fastening the temperature-sensitive element (2) or is put directly on the temperature-sensitive sprinkler flask. At the same time, the body (17) of the arrester is made in such a way that it is located with a gap from the said temperature-sensitive element (2) and covers it at least from its two sides, and the said electrodes are located opposite each other. The electric arc gap provides the formation of an electric arc directly near the surface of the temperature-sensitive sprinkler bulb. Thus, the above-mentioned temperature-sensitive element (2) in the sprinkler (1) of the fire extinguishing system is located between the said electrodes (18). The distance between the electrodes is 4-6 mm, the distance between the electrode and the surface of the flask is from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The thermosensitive flask has a diameter of 3 mm, and such gaps are obtained accordingly.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is to use a high-voltage electric arc discharge to heat a thermosensitive collapsing element, in particular a thermosensitive bulb. The advantage of the method is the instantaneous, within a few milliseconds, an increase in temperature and, as a result, the instantaneous destruction of the temperature-sensitive element and the subsequent actuation of the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system.

The temperature-sensitive element (2) is placed between two electrodes (18), to which, at the moment of operation, an alternating current with a voltage of 10-30 kV is supplied. frequency 15-20 kHz. The electric arc formed between the mentioned electrodes is a powerful and concentrated source of heat. The temperature in the arc column, consisting of hot conductive plasma, is in the range from 7,000 to 18,000°C. The combined effect of heating and shock waves arising from the collapse of the arc channel provides a guaranteed effect of destruction of the heat-sensitive sprinkler bulb both from temperature and from the electroerosive effect on the surface of the bulb. The voltage value depends on the gap between the electrodes in a specific implementation of the device. With a gap between the electrodes of 4 mm, the voltage value is set to 10 KV, with a gap of 6 mm, respectively, 30 KV at a frequency of 15-20 kHz in both cases.

The voltage supplied to said electrodes is formed by a signal generator and a transformer.

Said electrodes (18) of the spark gap (3) are connected by means of flexible conductors (19) to the electronic component base (27) of the claimed device, made on a single control board (7).

The electronic component base (27) of the claimed device is connected to a control cabinet included in the fire extinguishing system control system, which is not the subject of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the claimed device, the connection of the electronic component base (27) with the control system of the fire extinguishing system is implemented through a wired connection made according to the RS-485 standard, in which one twisted pair of wires is used to transmit and receive data, while the electronic component base contains terminals ( 12) connection to the control system, in particular the RS - 485 interface. The RS-485 ModBus driver, which converts the levels of TX / RX signals of the industrial standard RS-485 to the level of signals required by the microprocessor (14), provides communication with the control cabinet at the physical hardware level.

The block diagram of this variant is shown in Fig. 5. In this embodiment of the claimed technical solution, the electronic component base (27) of the claimed device consists of placed on a single control board (7) and connected by electrical conductors:

- a microprocessor (14), including a communication unit (20), a control and indication unit (21), a power and temperature control system (22), a pump pulse generator (23);

- high-voltage converter (10), including a key transistor and a high-voltage transformer;

- the mentioned Driver (12) RS-485 ModBus;

- systems (26) for battery charging and power supply;

-battery (8).

Communication block (20), reception of control commands and data transmission - designed to provide communication with the control cabinet at the logical level.

System (22) for monitoring power and temperature - allows, depending on the state of the battery (8), to make changes to the operation algorithm of the generator (23) of pump pulses, and also generates data on the report on the temperature and condition of the battery for transmission to the control cabinet. Data on the state of the built-in battery (8), in addition, make it possible to carry out its scheduled replacement in time.

Battery charging system (26) and power source - provides power to the circuit and battery charging process (8).

Battery (8) - provides power to the circuit at the time of activation due to the fact that the current consumption at the time of activation is 3-5A, power from the cabinet via the communication cable is not possible for the effective operation of the activation system.

Block (21) of control and indication - consists of a button and a two-color LED indicator. The LED indicator displays the operating modes of the activation device and is used for configuration and health diagnostics. The button is intended for configuring the activation device at the time of installation, allows you to set the address and number of the pointing device on the map of the facility and the organization of address control at the time of activation.

Pump pulse generator (23) - serves to generate pump pulses of the high-voltage converter. A transistor switch is used to match the output of the processor with the primary winding of the transformer. A high-voltage transformer with a ferrite core has two windings, a step-up transformer. An electric arc gap (3) is connected by wires to the output (9) of the transformer. In more detail, the mentioned electrodes (18) of the arrester (3) are connected by means of flexible conductors (19) to the secondary winding of the transformer, the primary winding of which is connected to a key transistor that pumps electrical energy into the primary winding of the transformer.

The transistor receives a signal from the pump pulse generator (23), which in turn receives a signal from the control system of the fire extinguishing system.

In the embodiment of the claimed device, the connection of the electronic component base (27) with the control system of the fire extinguishing system is implemented via a wireless connection using the Bluetooth protocol, while the electronic component base contains a Bluetooth transceiver module (15), which is part of the microprocessor (14). The Bluetooth transceiver module (15) provides communication with the control cabinet.

The block diagram of this variant is shown in Fig. 4. In this embodiment of the claimed technical solution, the electronic component base of the claimed device consists of placed on a single control board (7) and connected by electrical conductors:

- a microprocessor (14), including a communication unit (20), a control and indication unit (21), a power and temperature control system, a pump pulse generator (23) and the aforementioned Bluetooth transceiver module (15);

- high-voltage converter (10), including a key transistor and a high-voltage transformer;

- power supply (24);

- battery (25).

The work shown in Fig. 4 and FIG. 5, circuits, can be described as follows:

An activation command is received from the control cabinet via the communication line of devices with the automation cabinet. Through the RS-485 ModBus driver or through the Bluetooth transceiver module, the command is sent to the communication unit of the device. The communication unit includes a pump pulse generator. The frequency and duration of the pulses are adjusted according to the data received from the power and temperature control system for a stable electric arc. The high-voltage converter converts the energy stored in the battery into an electric arc, through which the sprinkler bulb is destroyed and it is activated

The peak current in the primary winding of the transformer is from 6 to 12 A. The current pumping time is from 40 µs to 180 µs and depends on the current voltage of the power supply, the transformer used (its inductance) and the total resistance of the pump circuit. The pumping parameters can be changed by the control program based on the parameters of the applied and available components. The discharge time depends on the energy pumped into the transformer and on the length of the arc and ranges from 10 µs to 40 µs.

In the preferred embodiment, the specified component base of the claimed technical solution is located in the housing (5), which, in turn, is fixed directly on the sprinkler (1) of the fire extinguishing system. Said housing (5) is made in the form of a flat cylinder, along the central axis of which the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system is located directly, and around it on the control board (7) the mentioned elements of the component base are placed.

In an embodiment of the claimed technical solution, the above electronic components are powered by a battery also placed inside the said housing and by means of a wired connection connected to a remote charging unit, which is part of the fire extinguishing system control system. In this embodiment, said microprocessor is also connected via a wired connection to said control system of the fire extinguishing system. In this embodiment, the control system of the fire extinguishing system polls the integrity of the mentioned wired connection.

In an embodiment of the claimed technical solution, the above-mentioned component base is powered by an autonomous battery, while the activation signal from the fire extinguishing system control system is sent to the actuation mechanism via wireless communication, for this, the device includes a wireless module, in particular, Bluetooth, connected to the mentioned microprocessor.

Thus, in addition to the normal operation described above, the possibility of remote forced operation of the temperature-sensitive element in the event of early detection of a fire is achieved.

Claims (18)

1. The sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system, containing a housing with outlets blocked by a shut-off spring-loaded valve, a heat-sensitive collapsing element and a forced actuation mechanism, characterized in that the forced operation mechanism is made in the form of an electric arc discharger, containing a dielectric housing and two electrodes installed in the mentioned spark gap housing, to which voltage is applied at the moment of operation, wherein the electric arc gap is installed on the sprinkler of the fire extinguishing system in such a way that the said thermally sensitive collapsing element is located between the mentioned electrodes of the electric arc gap. 2. The sprinkler according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage applied to the electrodes of the arrester is formed by means of a high-voltage transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the said electrodes, and the primary winding is connected to the transistor, which in turn is connected to the microprocessor, while these components connected to a power source. 3. Sprinkler according to claim. 1, characterized in that it additionally contains a housing located around the said body of the sprinkler, while in the said additional housing there is a high-voltage transformer, a microprocessor, a transistor and a power source. 4. The sprinkler according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage applied to the spark gap electrodes is generated by a signal from the fire extinguishing system control system via a wired or wireless communication channel, while the sprinkler additionally contains a wireless communication module connected to the microprocessor. 5. Sprinkler according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage applied to the electrodes of the arrester is an alternating current with a voltage of 10-30 kV and a frequency of 15-20 kHz. 6. Sprinkler according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermosensitive collapsing element is made in the form of a glass thermosensitive flask. 7. Sprinkler according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermosensitive flask is filled with a liquid that boils at the response temperature. 8. A method for remote control of a sprinkler sprinkler of a fire extinguishing system containing a heat-sensitive collapsing element, in which: placing a temperature-sensitive element between two electrodes, supplying alternating current to said electrodes, destroying said temperature-sensitive element by a high-voltage electric arc discharge formed between said electrodes. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that an alternating current with a voltage of 10-30 kV and a frequency of 15-20 kHz is used. 10. The method according to p. 8, characterized in that they create a temperature in the arc column in the range from 7,000 to 18,000 ° C. 11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the alternating voltage is generated by means of a generator and a transformer with a chopper. 12. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the alternating voltage is generated by a signal from the fire extinguishing system control system via a wired or wireless communication channel. 13. The method according to p. 8, characterized in that the thermosensitive collapsing element is made in the form of a glass thermosensitive flask. 14. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the thermosensitive flask is filled with a liquid that boils at the response temperature.