RU2799164C1 - Burner for co-combustion of low-power liquid and low-energy coal fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to burners for co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal. The burner device for co-combustion of low-power liquid and pulverized coal fuel comprises a spray-ignition unit for burning atomized liquid fuel, comprising a cylindrical body in the form of a cup, on the upper end of which there is a nozzle in the form of a cover with a hole in the centre, and a unit for burning pulverized coal. The pulverized coal combustion unit is a cylindrical body, on both ends of which there are nozzles in the form of covers with holes in the centre of the same diameter, while one cover is docked with the nozzle of the spray-ignition unit. In addition, the pulverized coal combustion unit comprises pulverized coal nozzles mounted tangentially in the housing to create a vortex flow.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a burner device for co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal fuel, capable of operating at low power.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy, in particular to burners for co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal.

A burner device is known for co-combustion of liquid, atomized in a co-current flow, and pulverized coal fuel in a vortex flow [Sidelkovsky L.N., Yurenev V.N. Boiler installations of industrial enterprises. Vortex pulverized coal burner ORGRES.S.157-158]. The device contains a cylindrical body in the form of a pipe, inside which there is a pipeline for supplying liquid fuel, at the end of which there is a liquid fuel spray nozzle. The air mixture is swirled by a snail swirler. The liquid fuel pipeline and the atomization nozzle here are a direct-flow atomization-ignition unit designed to ignite the pulverized coal fuel and maintain its stable combustion during the operation of the device. And the snail device, together with the body of the burner device, is a block for burning pulverized coal in a vortex flow.

The disadvantage of such a device is that the device cannot operate at low power, because the thermal power released by the torch is insufficient to sustain combustion due to the high degree of thermal energy dissipation.

A burner device for co-combustion of liquid, atomized in a co-current flow, and pulverized coal fuel in a vortex flow is known, described on the website studref.com (accessed: 10/13/2022) (https://studref.com/355642/tehnika/gorelki_szhiganiya_pylevidnogo_fuel - two-stage combustion burner type NT-NR, developed by Bab-CockHitachiKK (Japan)). Two-stage combustion burner type NT-NR (high-temperature low _NOx ) consisting of a cylindrical body in the form of a pipe, inside of which there is a liquid fuel supply pipeline with a direct-flow spray nozzle, a pulverized-coal-air mixture (aeromix) supply pipeline, an internal air channel and external air channel. It also contains an axial blade apparatus for swirling the air mixture. The liquid fuel pipeline and the atomization nozzle here are a direct-flow atomization-ignition unit designed to ignite the pulverized coal fuel and maintain its stable combustion during the operation of the device. And the body with internal air channels and axial blade apparatus is a unit for burning pulverized coal in a vortex flow.

The disadvantage of such a device is that the device cannot operate at low power, because the thermal power released by the torch is insufficient to sustain combustion due to the high degree of thermal energy dissipation.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a steam-oil burner (RF patent No. 2684300, F23L7 / 00, F23D5 / 04, 2018), containing a cylindrical body in the form of a glass installed so that its axis is perpendicular to the horizon, a steam nozzle for supply of superheated water vapor vertically upwards along the axis of the housing, mounted in the bottom of the housing, air supply holes made in the cylindrical housing near the bottom, a steam pipeline and a fuel supply pipe, the end of which is located in close proximity to the outlet of the steam nozzle to create an oiled jet. According to the invention, the fuel supply pipe is installed at an acute angle to the horizon and does not touch the housing wall, and a nozzle in the form of a cover with a hole in the center is installed on the upper end of the housing, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the steam-oil jet. Such a device is used in the claimed device and is called a direct-flow spray-ignition unit. This device has the effect of self-igniting the liquid fuel atomized jet during operation, so it can operate at very low power.

The objective of the invention is to create a burner device for co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal fuels of low power.

The problem is solved by the fact that a burner for co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal fuels of low power, containing a spray-ignition unit for burning atomized liquid fuel, containing a cylindrical body in the form of a glass, on the upper end of which there is a nozzle in the form of a cover with a hole in the center, and pulverized coal combustion unit, according to the invention, the pulverized coal combustion unit is a cylindrical body, at both ends of which there are nozzles in the form of covers with holes in the center of the same diameter, while one cover is docked with the nozzle of the spray-ignition unit. In addition, the pulverized coal combustion unit contains pulverized coal nozzles mounted tangentially in the housing to create a vortex flow.

In the claimed device, the pulverized coal combustion unit (BSPUT) is installed on top of the spray-ignition unit for burning atomized liquid fuel (RZB) (one of the options). The presence of block nozzles docked with each other allows the liquid-fuel torch to penetrate the internal space of the BSPUT. BSPUT contains pulverized coal nozzles mounted in the body tangentially to create a vortex flow. The pulverized coal is fed tangentially. The resulting pulverized coal vortex rotates around the vertically flowing liquid fuel flame, being in the closed space of the cylindrical body of the SPUTS, which increases the burning time of coal dust particles.

Due to the presence of a recirculation zone in the RZB, the device makes it easy to ignite a liquid fuel jet and maintain stable combustion when operating at very low power, and together with liquid fuel to support the combustion of pulverized coal fuel when operating at low power.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

On FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device.

On FIG. 2 shows a general view of the device.

Where:

1 - spray-ignition unit for burning atomized liquid fuel (RZB);

2 - block of combustion of pulverized coal (BSPUT);

3 - cylindrical body RZB;

4 - RZB nozzle;

5 - cylindrical body of the BSPUT;

6 and 7 - BSPUT nozzles;

8 and 9 - pulverized coal nozzles.

The device works as follows.

First, RZB 1 is launched on diesel fuel. BSPUT 2 warms up, after which the air mixture is supplied from the coal-pulverizer (not shown in the figure) to the pulverized coal nozzles 8 and 9. The device starts to work. In the future, RZB can switch to another fuel.

During the operation of a burner device that combusts liquid and pulverized coal fuel at low power, combustion of atomized liquid fuel is decisive for stable combustion, because pulverized coal at such a power is much more difficult to ignite and hold.

In the claimed device, it is supposed to use the device described in RF patent No. 2684300 as the RZB. Such a device was made by the authors in metal and research was carried out on it for five years. This burner device showed good performance, easy start-up and stable combustion, including at low power (minimum power is 5 kW).

Thus, the inventive burner device is able to operate at low power.

Claims (1)

A burner device for the co-combustion of liquid and pulverized coal fuels of low power, containing a spray-ignition unit for burning atomized liquid fuel, containing a cylindrical body in the form of a glass, on the upper end of which there is a nozzle in the form of a cover with a hole in the center, and a unit for burning pulverized coal, which differs the fact that the pulverized coal combustion unit is a cylindrical body, on both ends of which there are nozzles in the form of covers with holes in the center of the same diameter, while one cover is docked with the nozzle of the spray-ignition unit, in addition, the pulverized coal combustion unit contains pulverized coal nozzles , mounted in the body tangentially to create a vortex flow.

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