RU2796236C1 - Underwater ice-breaking projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: projectiles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for creating artificial holes in ice. An underwater ice-piercing projectile having a body inside which an explosive charge, a fuse, a power source, control equipment, external fins and vanes with their turning mechanisms are placed. The control equipment provides for the turn-away and removal of the projectile after its release, regulates its ascent and sets the time of the explosion. The hydrostatic switch is configured to connect the fuse to the control equipment after the underwater ice-piercing projectile emerges under the ice or to a predetermined depth. The acoustic emitter is configured to indicate the location of the projectile. The acoustic receiver provides remote detonation or self-destruction of the projectile using a sinking device on a signal from a submarine.

EFFECT: creation of a hole in the ice cover for the ascent of the submarine to the surface.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The described invention relates to devices for creating artificial polynyas in ice.

A polynya is considered to be an area of clear water among immovable ice or on their border, which is formed naturally under the influence of dynamic and thermal factors. Polynyas can be filled with ice slurry or covered with initial ice types, nilas and young ice. There are coastal polynyas, formed between the shore or an ice barrier and drifting ice, solder polynyas - between immobile and drifting ice, and stationary ones, which usually appear in the same place every year [1].

Polynyas are created artificially to ensure the operation of underwater marine equipment, for example, submarines in areas with ice cover, when the presence of ice prevents communication with them and their rise to the surface if necessary. In the ice field, with the help of special equipment, cavities (holes) of the required size are made. As equipment for creating small openings, mechanical and thermal devices are used, and for larger openings, explosive charges or torpedoes are used. With a large thickness of ice, one charge or one torpedo is not enough, and then more of them are used. The disadvantage of an explosive charge is the difficulty of laying it under the ice, the disadvantage of a torpedo is the high cost and the need to save it for self-defense and enemy attacks.

As an analogue of the invention, a sea mine is adopted, designed to destroy submarines, surface ships, boats, ships, as well as to constrain their actions by creating a mine threat in certain areas (zones) of sea and ocean theaters of military operations, as well as on inland waterways. The mine consists of a body, an explosive charge, a fuse, safety and additional (urgency, multiplicity, self-destruction) devices, a power source, as well as devices that ensure the floating of the mine, its installation on a given recess from the water surface or ground. The closest analogues are floating and self-transporting mines. [2]. A mine floating on a given recess has a hydrostatic or electric type navigation device and a self-liquidator, and a self-transporting mine, taken as a prototype of the invention, is a combination of a bottom mine and a torpedo. It additionally has control system equipment, a power plant, a propulsion unit, steering gear drives and external plumage with rudders [3]. Mines, including self-transporting mines, are not intended to create polynyas and do not have the appropriate equipment for this.

The aim of the invention is to develop a device for breaking ice and creating a polynya of a given size in it.

This goal is achieved by offering an underwater ice-piercing projectile having a body inside which an explosive charge, a fuse, a power source, control equipment, external plumage and rudders with mechanisms for turning them are placed, characterized in that the projectile has a hydrostatic switch, an acoustic emitter, acoustic receiver and sinking device.

The body of an underwater ice-piercing projectile serves to accommodate an explosive charge, instruments and mechanisms. The fuse initiates the detonation of the charge, the power source supplies energy to the control equipment, acoustic emitter, receiver and mechanisms for turning the rudders of the ice-piercing projectile. The control equipment ensures the lapel and removal of the projectile from the hull of the submarine after it is released, regulates the ascent of the underwater ice-breaking projectile under the ice and sets the time of the explosion. The hydrostatic switch connects the fuse to the control equipment after the underwater ice-breaking projectile emerges under the ice or to a depth specified before launch. The acoustic emitter serves as a guideline indicating the location of the underwater ice-piercing projectile and the resulting polynya, and the acoustic receiver provides remote detonation of the ice-piercing projectile or its self-destruction (flooding) by a signal from the submarine using a sinking device.

The technical implementation of the proposed device is illustrated by drawings (figure 1-4).

The device underwater ice-piercing projectile and its operation are illustrated in the drawings (figure 1-4).

The numbers on them are:

1 - body;

2 - explosive charge;

3 - hydrostatic switch;

4 - outer plumage;

5 - vertical rudders;

6 - mechanism for turning vertical rudders;

7 - power supply (current);

8 - control equipment;

9 - fuse;

10 - acoustic emitter;

11 - acoustic receiver;

12 - sinking device;

13 - horizontal rudders;

14 - mechanism for turning horizontal rudders;

15 - trajectory of the ascent of an underwater ice-breaking projectile;

16 - ice cover;

17 - undermining the explosive charge;

18 - fragments of ice;

19 - polynya.

In the body (1) of the underwater ice-piercing projectile, an explosive charge (2) is placed in an amount that provides the necessary explosion power and positive buoyancy of the projectile. The hydrostatic switch (3) connects the fuse detonation circuit to the projectile control equipment after it has ascended to a predetermined depth. The outer plumage of the projectile (4) ensures its stabilization on the ascent trajectory after separation from the carrier. Vertical rudders (5) divert the projectile away from the hull of the submarine, and horizontal rudders (13) adjust the trim value of the projectile during its free ascent. Acoustic emitter (10) is necessary to transmit a signal to the carrier and fix on it the location of the underwater ice-breaking projectile and the hole formed after its explosion. Acoustic receiver (11) serves to receive submarine signals and transmit them to control equipment (8). The sinking device (12) ensures depressurization of the body of the underwater ice-piercing projectile and its flooding upon command from the carrier. The explosive charge (2) is detonated by a signal from the control equipment (8) after the expiration of the set time or by command from the carrier (figure 4).

The technical result of the invention is an underwater ice-breaking projectile that provides the creation of a hole in the ice cover for the submarine to surface.

Information sources:

1. Polynya. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - M.: Military Publishing, 1989. - 511 p. S. 328.

2. Sea mine. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - M.: Military Publishing, 1989. - 511 p. pp. 247-248.

3. Torpedo. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - M.: Military Publishing, 1989. - 511 p. pp. 431, 432.

Claims (1)

An underwater ice-piercing projectile having a body inside which an explosive charge, a fuse, a power source, control equipment, external plumage and rudders with mechanisms for turning them are placed, characterized in that the control equipment ensures the lapel and removal of the projectile after its release, regulates its ascent and sets the time of the explosion, the hydrostatic switch is configured to connect the fuse to the control equipment after the underwater ice-breaking projectile emerges under the ice or to a predetermined depth, the acoustic emitter is configured to indicate the location of the projectile, the acoustic receiver provides remote detonation or self-destruction of the projectile using a sinking device on a signal from submarine.

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