RU2796224C1 - Piston seal for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: piston seal for internal combustion engines can be used in all areas of technology in which internal combustion engines are used, in particular in the automotive industry. The technical result is an increase in the performance of piston rings while providing a blind seal of the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines. Piston seal consisting of piston rings is proposed for internal combustion engines. In this case, the piston rings consist of two half-rings 2, at the ends of which reciprocal grooves 3 are made with the possibility of their fixation by means of spikes 4, reciprocal grooves 3 are made at both ends of each half-ring 2.

EFFECT: increase in the performance of piston rings while providing a blind seal of the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The piston seal for internal combustion engines belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and can be used in all areas of technology in which internal combustion engines are used, in particular in the automotive industry. [F01C19/00, F01L7/00, F02F3/00].

The prior art PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

[JPH10169506 (A) - 1998-06-23], in which, in order to improve the heat resistance and durability of the oil-removing ring, by sequentially installing the first and second gas-tight rings, the third removing ring, the oil-separating ring and the fourth ring into the corresponding annular groove on the periphery of the piston, sealing oil, and separating the third ring from these rings by many numbers. SOLUTION: The annular grooves 2-5 are located along the periphery of the piston 1, and the gas sealing rings 6, 7 are installed in the annular grooves 2 and 3, respectively. The oil scraper ring 8 is installed in the annular groove 4, and the oil sealing ring 9 is installed in the annular groove 5. At this time, the ring 8 is divided into more than two parts, the peripheries of the rings 8a, 8b are cone-shaped, and both rings 8a, 8b overlap in the axial direction of the piston 1. Thus, the weight of the oil-removing ring 8 can be reduced. , and a good fit to the cylinder liner can be improved by reducing the inertial force, and the oil film can be evenly formed, and the oil consumption can be reduced. The disadvantage of the analogue is that the heat resistance and durability of the oil-removing ring is achieved due to the need for significant modification of the piston.

Also known from the prior art is a PISTON PUMP, PARTICULARLY A HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE [US2020224646 (A1) - 2020-07-16] for providing high pressure to an internal combustion engine, which contains a pump housing, a pump piston and a supply chamber formed by at least the pump piston and the pump housing. Between the pump piston and the pump housing, a seal can be provided to seal the transport chamber and a separate guide element to guide the pump piston. The seal is made in the form of a metal sleeve and may have a web protruding radially outwards. The disadvantage of the analogue is that the proposed piston seal cannot be used in most internal combustion engines, since it will require significant technical refinement of both the piston and the cylinder block.

The closest in technical essence is a PISTON RING FOR USE IN A RING PACKAGE IN THE PISTON OF A LARGE TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH TURBOCHARGING AND PURGE WITH DIRECT FLOW WITH TRAVERSE [DK202070391 (A1) - 2021-09- 30], the proposed piston ring for use in a package of piston rings in the groove of a ring in the side wall of the piston of a large two-stroke direct-flow turbocharged internal combustion engine with crossheads for sealing. pressure in the combustion chamber. The piston ring contains a ring body with the first and second side surfaces spaced in the axial direction by the height of the ring (Hr), an outer circumferential surface extending in the axial direction along the height of the ring (Hr), an inner peripheral surface and the first and second end parts on the annular partition , which provides expansion and contraction of the piston ring. The first transition between the outer peripheral surface and the first side surface is rounded, the second transition between the outer peripheral surface and the second side surface is rounded. The middle part of the axial extent of the outer peripheral surface has the first hardness. The first peripheral part of the axial extension of the outer peripheral surface, which extends from the middle part to the first transition, has a second hardness. The second peripheral part of the extent of the outer peripheral surface, which extends from the middle part to the second transition, has a second hardness, and the first hardness is greater than the second hardness.

The technical problem of the prototype is that the proposed design of the piston ring does not provide the necessary level of isolation of the under-piston space from the breakthrough of gases from the combustion chamber during the transition of the engine from one operating mode to another, since transients during heating of the materials from which the ring is made are not stable, and the change in the physical characteristics of materials under the influence of temperature occurs non-linearly.

The technical result of using the invention is to improve the performance of piston rings (half rings) while providing a blind seal of the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the piston seal for internal combustion engines, consisting of piston rings installed in one piston groove, characterized in that the piston rings consist of two half rings, on both ends of each half ring there are reciprocal grooves with the possibility of their fixation by means of studs, with each stud installed in both reciprocal grooves of the ends of the half-rings.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a top view of the piston seal ring.

In FIG. 2 shows a top view of the half rings for the piston seal.

In FIG. 3 shows a view of a rectangular spike and a reciprocal groove in the end face of the ring (half-ring) of the piston seal.

In FIG. 4 shows a view of the cross-shaped spike and the reciprocal groove in the end face of the ring (half-ring) of the piston seal.

In FIG. 5 shows the places where chamfers are applied.

In FIG. 6 shows a photograph of the practical implementation of a piston ring section with a spike installed in one of the grooves.

In FIG. 7 is a photograph of a practical implementation of a piston seal using a stud.

The figures indicate:

1 - ring, 2 - half ring, 3 - groove, 4 - spike.

Implementation of the invention

The piston seal for internal combustion engines contains a ring 1 (Fig. 1) or two half rings 2 (Fig. 2) made of a heat-resistant and wear-resistant material. At the ends of the ring with a gap 1 or semi-rings 2, grooves 3 are made for mounting the spike 4 (Fig. 3), having a rectangular shape. Alternatively, the grooves 3 and the spikes 4 may have a cruciform shape (Fig. 4). The studs 4 are made of a softer material than the rings and cylinder liners for more efficient running-in. On the edges of the grooves 3 and the studs 4, chamfers are made (Fig. 5) to facilitate the installation of the studs 4 in the grooves 3. The stud 4, placed in one of the grooves 3, is glued to facilitate assembly work and protect against the loss of the stud.

The invention is used as follows

Piston seal for internal combustion engines is performed as follows. Ring 1 or half rings 2 are placed in the corresponding groove of the cylinder, designed to accommodate the piston seal. Then, a spike 4 is mounted in one of the grooves 3 on the end face of the ring 1 or in the grooves 3 of one of the half rings 2. Then the groove 3 is installed on the spike 4 from the other end ring 1 or on the spikes 4 installed in the grooves 3 of one half ring 2, another half ring 2 is installed on the spikes 3 located at the ends of its ends. To facilitate the installation of the piston seal, it is advisable to glue the spike 4 into one of the grooves 3. If it is necessary to provide a blind seal, two rings folded together can be installed in one piston groove, while the locks of the rings (half rings) must be spaced apart.

The technical result - improving the performance of the piston rings while providing a blind seal of the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines is achieved due to the fact that in the ends of the semi-rings there are reciprocal grooves in the shape of repeating the spikes inserted into the grooves, which allows:

- to ensure ease of manufacture and the possibility of refining standard piston rings;

- prevent gas breakthrough both inside the ring and along the cylinder surface, which ensures a tight seal;

- increase the service life of the rings, since the locking properties are retained when the ring is worn due to the spike;

- to ensure accelerated running-in of new rings, which in some places have a loose fit to the cylinder walls.

An example of achieving a technical result

The claimed solution has received practical approbation (Fig. 6-7). During testing, it was found that:

- it is advisable to use a rectangular stud in piston rings with a pair of installations in one groove on the cylinder, while it is required to refine the old pistons with the expansion of the piston groove;

- the cruciform stud does not require modification of the old piston, the piston rings are installed one by one into their grooves, while the sealing properties, in this case, are somewhat worse than in the case of paired rings;

- making cruciform grooves is difficult for small piston rings.

Test runs of internal combustion engines equipped with the proposed piston seals have shown that there is practically no breakthrough of combustion products from the combustion chamber, i.e. the claimed technical result is provided.

Claims (1)

Piston seal for internal combustion engines, consisting of piston rings installed in one piston groove, characterized in that the piston rings consist of two half rings, mating grooves are made on both ends of each half ring with the possibility of their fixation by means of studs, while each stud is installed in both reciprocal grooves of the ends of the semirings.

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