RU2795892C1 - Power line monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: monitoring of power lines.

SUBSTANCE: remote control (monitoring) of wires of overhead power lines. Invention can be used to provide continuous and remote control, receipt and transmission of data on the state of overhead power lines to an information collection point (for example, a control room). The method includes the steps of: installing at least one autonomous non-invasive controller on at least one section of at least one wire of a power line, capable of autonomous data processing and wireless transmission of information. Round-the-clock control of data is carried out in a given time step. Information is transmitted in the form of digital values from at least one controller to a computer or a mobile device. Information is processed from at least one controller on a computer or on a mobile device. Allocate an emergency event in the network when the digital value changes more than 20% in one-time step. The type and causes of the alarm event and the wire section in which the alarm event occurred are determined.

EFFECT: increasing the accuracy of monitoring the condition of wires of power lines and providing the possibility of monitoring the state of wires of power lines in real time.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of remote control (monitoring) of wires of overhead power lines (VL) and can be used to provide continuous and remote control, receipt and transmission of data on the state of VL to an information collection point (for example, a control room).

State of the art

At the moment, power supply control is carried out either at the expense of information from consumers (a call, an appeal to the dispatcher), or through the installation at substations of a “current transformer” TT, “voltage transformer” TK, which transmit information by wire to the dispatcher console or through electronic devices to computer programs. The installation of a CT or TC requires mandatory power off, changes to the electrical installation circuit, laboratory checks for the absence of a short circuit, laying of a data transmission wire, additional overall and weight restrictions.

From the prior art, an intelligent system for monitoring power lines is known, consisting of at least one controller placed on the wire and equipment for processing data received from at least one controller. The controller, placed on the wire of the overhead power line, consists of a toroidal split coil, in which the Hall sensor is placed in the gap of the toroidal magnetically conductive material. Data is transmitted to a stand-alone unit located within a radius of 15 meters via ultrashort waves. Subsequently, a separately located unit sends data via cellular or satellite communications. https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/catalog/fmc.htm

Also, a non-contact method for monitoring the technical condition of the contact network is known from the prior art, which consists in assessing the wear and sag of wires based on the results of their video filming (RF patent No. 2066645, publ. 1996). The main disadvantage of this method is the extremely low accuracy and reliability of the estimates obtained, due to the low spatial resolution of the video camera and the noisiness of the generated image.

The closest analogue of the claimed technical solution is a method and system for diagnosing and remote monitoring of the railway contact network (RU 2444449, publ. 10.03.2012). In a well-known technical solution, information is collected about the state of the elements of the contact network, the transmission of the collected information and a subsequent assessment of the technical condition of the elements of the contact network is carried out. The collection and transmission of information about the state of the elements of the contact network is carried out by means of blocks for collecting and transmitting information SDUM, permanently placed along the contact network along its entire length, while acoustic and vibration characteristics, characteristics of changes in the magnetic field, temperature of the elements of the contact are continuously recorded by means of sensors located in the blocks. network, the measured values are transmitted via a radio communication channel to intermediate information concentrators located at nodal stations along the entire length of the contact network, which provide the collection and analysis of information from the sensors of the units with subsequent transmission of data to a single concentrator of information on the state of the elements of the railway contact network. The system for diagnostics and remote monitoring of the railway contact network includes consoles placed on the anchor supports of the contact network, a carrier cable, strings, a contact wire, load-compensating devices for the carrier cable and contact wire and contains sensors for the technical condition parameters of the elements of the contact network, moreover, in sections of the carrier cable and contact wire wires located directly behind the rollers of blocks of load compensating devices and / or above the garlands of loads of load compensating devices, which are placed on the anchor supports of the contact network, blocks for collecting and transmitting information are permanently fixed along the entire length of the contact network, each block for collecting and transmitting information contains a set of sensors parameters of the technical condition of the elements of the contact network, including sensors for vibroacoustics and vibrodiagnostics of the elements of the contact network, a magnetic field sensor and a temperature sensor, as well as an autonomous power source, a microprocessor device for primary analog-to-digital processing of information from the sensors of the unit, a radio communication device between the unit and located on the nodal stations by an intermediate information concentrator SDUM, which is connected via wired and / or wireless communication with a single concentrator of information about the state of the elements of the contact network of the railway.

The disadvantages of the method and system include the presence of power sources that require maintenance (replacement), limited resistance to external influencing factors (negative operating temperatures), the complexity of the block for collecting and transmitting information and its high cost, high labor intensity of use in railway transport, lack of tension control of the contact wire. At the same time, the known technical solution does not allow to quickly evaluate the tension force of the wires and cables of the contact network.

The essence of the invention

The technical task of the invention is to create a method for diagnosing and remotely monitoring the states of wires of overhead power lines, a controller and a system based on it, allowing in real time in a continuous automatic mode to reliably and quickly monitor the states of wires of overhead power lines.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of information about the state of wires of power lines, providing the possibility of monitoring the state of wires of power lines in real time.

According to the invention, the technical problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of monitoring a power line includes the steps at which: at least one autonomous non-invasive controller is installed on at least one section of at least one wire of a power line, made with the possibility of autonomous data processing and wireless transmission of information, carry out round-the-clock data monitoring in a specified time step, transfer information in the form of digital values from at least one controller to a computer or mobile device, process information from at least one controller to a computer or mobile device device, allocate an emergency event in the network when the digital value changes more than 20% in one time step, determine the type and causes of the emergency event, and the wire section in which the emergency event occurred.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the type of emergency event is determined by the library of events generated from data from controllers on the line and similar anomalous surges from controllers located on other lines, followed by confirmation of a real accident.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the time for restoring power supply is additionally calculated, taking into account the scheduled deadlines for eliminating a specific emergency, while taking into account information from geographic information systems about the location of the emergency team, determining the time of arrival of the emergency team to the emergency site, taking into account online services of navigation traffic and traffic congestion.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, a controller is used, containing a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside which a Hall sensor is placed, electrically connected to a microprocessor, while the microprocessor is connected to a data transmission unit and to a data storage unit, and the controller is equipped with a battery, configured to provide power to the controller, the said components through the power distribution and management system, and the microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor into digital, pack the received data into wireless data transmission protocols and information storage systems.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, a controller is used, containing a housing equipped with a wire wrapping mechanism made in the form of spring-loaded petals, while the petals are oriented towards each other and are configured to wrap around the wire at the moment they are closed.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, a controller case is used, made of a material transparent to electric waves.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the controller is installed on the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line, and after each tapping, the sectioning of the line is achieved and it becomes possible to determine the location of the emergency section.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, three controllers are installed on a section of a three-phase power supply line, one controller per wire.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, two controllers are installed on a section of a two-phase power supply line, one controller per wire.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the controller is placed on the wire of an overhead power line by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the controller is placed on the wire of an overhead power line by means of a dielectric rod.

In a particular case, implementations of the claimed technical solution carry out data transfer via the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB.

Brief description of the drawings Details, features, and advantages of the present technical solution follow from the following description of the embodiments of the claimed utility model using the drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a stand-alone non-invasive electric current controller in power line wires.

Fig. 2 is a general view of an autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wires of power lines of the controller on the wire of an overhead power line.

Fig. 3 is a general view of an autonomous non-invasive controller and a method of delivery to a power line wire using a dielectric rod.

Fig. 4 - the mechanism for wrapping the controller wire when delivered to the power line wire with the help of a dielectric rod of a "trap" device.

Fig. 5 is an example of a circuit with one controller installed on one wire.

Fig. 6 is an example of a circuit with multiple controllers on a single power line wire.

Fig. 7 - algorithm of mathematical calculations.

Fig. 8 - system learning algorithm.

In the figures, the following structural elements are indicated by numbers: 1 - Hall sensor; 2 - data storage unit; 3 - microprocessor; 4 - power distribution and management system; 5 - battery; 6 - controller; 7 - wire of an overhead power line; 8 - dielectric rod; 9 - gondola; 10 - single petal; 11 - double petal; 12 - petal hooks; 13 - starting part; 14 - pusher; 15 - data transmission unit; 16 - arrangement of controllers on wires, an example of an emergency event: a break in three wires and a wire falling to the ground or a tree falling on three wires; 17 - arrangement of controllers on wires; 18 - arrangement of controllers on wires; 19 - the location of the controllers on the wires.

Disclosure of invention

The method for diagnosing and remotely monitoring the states of wires of overhead power lines is implemented using a controller that allows real-time, continuous automatic mode to reliably and quickly monitor the states of wires of overhead power lines.

The controller, according to the method, is installed on at least one section of at least one wire of the power line, at least one autonomous non-invasive controller. The controller is configured for autonomous data processing and wireless transmission of information. By means of the controller, round-the-clock data control is carried out in a given time step and information is transmitted in the form of digital values from at least one controller to a computer or a mobile device.

With the minimum number of controllers set (Fig. 5) - one controller per wire (three controllers for three-phase and two controllers for two-phase power supply), in the event of power outages or emergency modes in the power supply network, a smartphone, tablet or desktop computer will receive an event notification on lines, a limited forecast of probable causes and a possible estimated time for restoration of power supply (time is calculated according to the scheduled dates).

The notification will contain the time of the event, the place where the event was fixed, and the estimated time to eliminate the event in the event of a power outage.

Calculations of time and probability of causes are carried out by a computer program.

The more controllers are installed on the line (Fig. 6), the more accurate the prediction of the causes and the location of the event. This is achieved due to the fact that each controller is autonomous in collecting data and captures data according to the point of its location on the line.

The location point of the "e-Sensor" controller on the line is indicated in geographic information systems. According to the data from each controller, you can determine the problem area.

The data from each device is processed by a computer program and, using algorithms, makes predictions on the causes of the accident and the location of the alleged damage. By placing the controllers (Fig. 5) on the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line, as well as after each tap, sectioning of the line is achieved and it becomes possible to determine the location of the emergency section.

Analyzing the data from each controller located on the same power line using the formulas of electrophysics and mathematical analysis, the probability of the cause of the emergency event is calculated (single-phase short circuit on the ground, phase-to-phase short circuit, overlap of all three phases, etc.) and the section in which the emergency event occurred. By supplementing the information from geographic information systems about the location of the emergency team, the time it takes for the team to reach the emergency segment, and by putting data on the scheduled time for eliminating the accident into the program, the time to restore power supply is calculated. The estimated time can be sent via the Internet to the software systems of various services, departments or consumers who have subscribed to informing.

For example, controllers are placed on phases "A", "B", "C" (Fig. 5) in the normal state of the power grid (there are no accidents or critical modes) during the day they collect and transmit values.

"A" - 22, 23, 24

"B" - 21, 22, 23

"C" - 23, 24, 25

Within a month without accidents and critical modes, the range of readings expanded and the minimum value was 16, the maximum value was 28. The change in readings had a step of one unit of time, that is, when monitoring data every 10 seconds, the value changed only by 1 value.

08:30:23-19

08:30:33-20

08:30:43-20

08:30:53-21

08:31:03-22

08:31:13-23

With the controllers positioned as shown in Fig. 5 in case of a three-phase short circuit to the right of the controllers (breakage of three wires and a wire falling to the ground or a tree falling on three wires), for example, at 08:35:50, the readings from the controllers will be as follows:

With the arrangement of the e-Sensor controllers as shown in Fig. 5 in case of a single-phase ground fault to the right of the controllers (wire breakage “A” and its fall to the ground), for example, at 08:35:50, the controllers will have the following readings:

Exceeding the value of more than 20% in one time step, for a computer program, is introduced as an anomalous event in the network. The microprocessor installed in the controllers and the computer program on this event sends an event signal and data to the data processing center. In the data center, using the event library, a computer program determines which of the possible events on the line could occur. Using linear equations based on data from controllers on the line and similar anomalous jumps from devices of other lines, followed by confirmation of a real accident, the probability of one or another event is calculated for this particular line. After that, a signal is generated for specialists conducting operational monitoring of the line. Using the geodata of the location of the mobile team, the standards for eliminating this type of accidents, online services for the navigation of vehicles and the average time of a power outage in case of a similar accident on a given line, the computer program, adding up the time and comparing it with the average value of the breaks, sends a templated message to consumers powered by this line (Fig. 5 is marked "Consumer/low side"), about the line failure and the estimated time of its elimination.

The information received from at least one controller is processed on a computer or on a mobile device. At the same time, an emergency event is isolated in the network when the digital value changes more than 20% in one time step and the type and causes of the emergency event are determined, and the wire section in which the emergency event occurred.

The type of an emergency event is determined by the library of events generated from the data from the controllers on the line and similar anomalous jumps from the controllers located on other lines, followed by confirmation of a real accident.

With the controllers positioned as shown in Fig. 6 in the event of a three-phase short circuit down from the controllers (16), a break in three wires and a wire falling to the ground or a tree falling on three wires, for example at 08:35:50 the readings from the controllers will be as follows:

Exceeding the value of more than 20% in one time step, for a computer program, is entered as an anomalous event in the network. The microprocessor installed in the controllers and the computer program on this event sends an event signal and data to the data processing center. Where, using the event library, the computer program determines which of the possible events on the line could occur by the geolocation of the points of the installed controllers. Using linear equations according to the data from the controllers on the line, plus similar anomalous jumps in devices of other lines, followed by confirmation of a real accident, the probability of one or another event is calculated for this particular line. After that, a signal is generated for specialists conducting operational monitoring of the line, indicating the geodata of the problem area. Using the geodata of the location of the mobile team, the regulations for eliminating this type of accident, online services for the navigation of vehicles and the average time of a power outage in case of a similar accident on a given line, the computer program, adding up the time and comparing it with the average value of the breaks, sends a template message to consumers powered by this line, about the accident on the line and the estimated time of its elimination.

After determining the type and location of the emergency event, the time for restoring power supply is additionally calculated, while taking into account the scheduled deadlines for eliminating a specific emergency, as well as taking into account information from geographic information systems about the location of the emergency team, determining the time of arrival of the emergency team to the emergency site, taking into account online services of navigation traffic of vehicles and traffic congestion.

A feature of the power supply monitoring system based on controllers is that:

- it is not required to disconnect power lines, neither for controllers, nor for transceivers;

- there is no need to make changes to the existing power supply schemes, since there are no gaps (data collection is non-invasive, and transmission using a battery (battery charged from an electromagnetic field) on board the controller);

- data from each controller is received in digital form. This allows you to include devices in computer software and computer systems without the participation of a person or an additional operator;

- the continuity of the data flow on the time scale is ensured (without a temporary gap in data collection, even at the moment of an accident or after an emergency event, data is collected);

- digital data format allows the use of mathematical algorithms to calculate the probability ("artificial intelligence") of an emergency event by marking the event on the basis of real events ("machine learning");

- it is possible to use computer programs of third-party developers with information through various types of notifications on smartphones / tablets without exposing the power supply system to the risk of computer attacks.

Below in the text of the description is an example of algorithms for calculating the probability (“artificial intelligence”) of an emergency event by marking an event that has taken place based on real events (“machine learning”):

Recovery time - the arithmetic average of all emergency shutdown events and the time to clear a line fault

where t ₁ is the difference between the time the current is turned on after the emergency event and the time the current is reset to zero according to the emergency event number 1,

n is the number of emergency events.

Determining the probability of an emergency event from instrument data based on the difference in data between two measurements can be carried out using “high-precision systems” / “neural networks” / “machine learning”.

Input data - the difference in readings between two consecutive values exceeding, for example, 20%, at least in one of the devices.

Since there is a single time and single intervals between the measurements of values, each device has its own difference in the same period of time. By setting weight-links for each of the options for an emergency event (single-phase ground fault, inter-phase fault of all three phases, two-phase fault to ground, etc.), a hidden layer is prescribed - options for emergency events.

When training the system, with each cycle of emergency events and confirmation of real actions, weight-links are adjusted. In order to get the result at the output layer - a forecast of the occurred emergency event.

The more devices on the line, the more input data and more accurate forecast. As devices are installed on the line and various physical processes are considered in the wires of power lines during emergency events, it is possible, including two, three, four-layer options for constructing calculations.

A method for diagnosing and remotely monitoring the states of wires of overhead power lines is implemented using a controller containing a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside which a Hall sensor is placed, electrically connected to a microprocessor, while the microprocessor is connected to a data transmission unit and a data storage unit, moreover the controller is equipped with a battery capable of providing power to the above-mentioned components included in the controller through the power distribution and management system, and the microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor to digital, and pack the received data into wireless data transmission protocols and information storage systems.

In the claimed method, an autonomous non-invasive electric current controller is used, located on the wires of overhead power lines. The controller is made with wireless data transmission and consists of a microprocessor (3) connected by an electrical circuit to a Hall sensor (1). The microprocessor (3) is also connected by an electrical circuit to the data storage unit (2) and to the data transmission unit (15). All controller elements: Hall sensor (1), microprocessor (3), battery (5), data transmission unit (15), power distribution and management system (4), battery (5), and storage unit (2) data - located on the integrated circuit and placed in the controller housing (6). The power supply of the controller (6) and its constituent data transmission unit (15) (internet of things protocol modem), data storage unit (2), microprocessor (3), Hall sensor (1) is supplied from the battery through the distribution system and power control (4), made with the ability to supply, turn off the current to the elements of the device (Hall sensor (1), data transmission unit (15) and data storage unit (2) in the parameters required for each device, as well as with the ability to control the residual capacity battery (5) and its charge.

The battery in the embodiment of the claimed technical solution can be made in the form of a capacitive battery, or a battery recharged from the electromagnetic field of the wire (7) of the power line. The data transmission unit (15) is implemented on the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB. Block (2) data storage is made in the form of computer memory or cache memory. To fix the controller on the power line wire, a fastener case is used, which provides electric wave transparency, a constant distance from the conductor to the Hall sensor and safe fastening without breaking the power line.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is installed on the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line, and after each tapping, sectioning of the line is achieved and it becomes possible to determine the location of the emergency section.

In an embodiment of the present invention, three controllers are installed on a section of a three-phase power supply line, one controller per wire.

In an embodiment of the present invention, two controllers are installed on a section of a two-phase power supply line, one controller per wire.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is placed on the wire of an overhead power line by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is placed on an overhead power line wire by means of a dielectric rod. Using a dielectric rod (8), the operator raises the gondola (9) in which the controller (6) is located until it touches the wire (7) of the overhead power line. To do this, the controller (6) is inserted into the gondola (9) with its bottom part. The gondola (9) for delivery to the wire is fixed on a standard dielectric rod (8) by means of a threaded connection.

To fix the controller (6) on the wire (7) of the overhead power line, the controller is equipped with a wire wrapping mechanism (7). The wire wrapping mechanism is made in the form of petals placed on the controller case. The petals are placed along the edges of the surface of the controller housing, oriented to the wire (7) of the power line. At the same time, a double (11) petal is located on one edge of the body surface, and a single one (10) is located on the other edge. The petals (10 and 11) are oriented towards each other in such a way that at the moment of their closing they wrap around the wire (7), while the single petal (10) enters the gap between the petals of the double petal (11).

Petals (10 and 11) are spring-loaded. The torsion spring (1) is used as the spring for clamping the wire. The arms of the springs are fixed in the hole in the body of the lodgment and petals. Double and single petals are captured by two hooks (12). A pusher (14) is connected to the hooks (12) with the possibility of interacting with them, which is connected to the starting part (13) located on the controller housing.

The starting part (13) under pressure from the wire of the power line at the moment the controller is installed on the wire (7) starts to rotate and pulls the pusher (14). The pusher pushes the hooks (12), which in turn release the double (11) and single (10) spring-loaded petals.

The controller of the present invention, unlike the known analogs, does not use a toroidal coil in its design, due to the use of a microprocessor in the device itself and a computer program, it becomes possible to change the frequency response of collecting information to take data from the electromagnetic field of the current conductor (wire). It also allows you to abandon the toroidal coil in the controller design by placing the Hall sensor at a constant distance relative to the wire. Implemented in the design of the device and its attachment to the wire.

In addition, the controller is designed to be combined into a system, with at least two controllers installed on one wire, and the processing of data from each individual device is already digitally processed in a computer program on a server or in cloud computing, to which, by means of a data transmission unit data is sent from each controller included in the system.

The controllers integrated in the system are installed on each current-carrying wire of the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line and on each branch from the line as close as possible to the branch point and as close as possible to the end of the branch. The number of controllers on one wire is not limited, the more often the devices are installed, the higher the accuracy of determining the location of the fault, the greater the information content of the line, the higher the reliability of the system.

Implementation of calculations in relative terms (percentage), not absolute. That is, the claimed system allows you to fix the change, the dynamics of change, taking as zero the value below which the device does not determine the value.

The device works as follows.

The Hall sensor (1) captures the electromagnetic field that occurs in the wire (7) of the power line. The microprocessor device, made on the basis of the microprocessor (3), with the help of a computer program controls the operation of the Hall sensor (1), converts the signal into digital format, setting the frequency of data acquisition from the Hall sensor (1), the computer program receives the sinusoid curve of the electric current flowing in the wire ( 7) overhead power lines.

An important element of the controller is its delivery to the wire (7). To ensure the safety, reliability and stability of the power line, the controller with the help of a gondola (9) screwed on a dielectric rod, cocked the petals, approach the wire (7). When the wire is touched by the starting part (13), the wire is captured by the petals (10 and 11) of the controller (6), after which the gondola (9) with a dielectric rod, leaving the controller (6) on the wire (7), returns to the ground.

Optionally, the controller can be installed using unmanned aerial vehicles capable of carrying a load of 250 grams. Through the clamp, the controller (6) is connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the gripping petals (10 and 11) are cocked, and when the trigger part (13) is touched, the petals (10 and 11) compress the wire (7).

The controller (6) by collecting information from the electromagnetic field of the power line wire captures the data - the presence / absence of electric current, the strength of the electric current, frequency, current off time, current on time.

With the help of a computer program embedded in the microprocessor (3), using mathematical algorithms, the data obtained from the Hall sensor analyzing the sinusoid, through the data transmission unit (15) of the Internet of Things protocol (for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB, etc.) sends a signal to the carrier's gateway.

By indirect evidence - data statistics, it is possible to predict the shutdown time and turn-on time. By indirect signs, frequency and amplitude can predict the cause of a power outage. When comparing data from the wires of one line, it is possible to predict options for the cause of a power failure.

When comparing data from different points of installed controllers on the same line, it is possible to predict the approximate location of the line damage. When fixing the point of installation of the controller on one power line in geoinformation computer programs, it is possible to transmit the approximate location of the damage, and using computer programs to calculate the time of arrival at the point of the emergency brigade and thereby calculate the time to restore power supply.

When comparing the data on the dynamics of changes in the current strength and the brand of the wire through which the current flows, it can be recommended to replace the wire with a larger / smaller section for effective asset management and trouble-free power supply. By installing controllers on all outgoing lines from the step-down current transformer in substations and comparing the flowing current data, recommendations can be made to replace the current transformer with a larger or smaller capacity current transformer for risk-based asset management and reliable power supply.

An indirect sign of the presence / absence of the flow of electric current through the supply wire can be used to control the operation of electrical appliances - lighting lamps, pumping equipment, generators, etc. due to the signal from the controller, using a computer program, it is possible to keep an accurate record of the operation of electrical appliances, as well as, according to the set criteria (current strength, time with current or without current), signal the occurrence of an event.

Claims (18)

1. A method for monitoring a power line, including the steps at which: install on at least one section of at least one wire of the power line at least one autonomous non-invasive controller, configured to autonomously process data and wirelessly transmit information, carry out round-the-clock control of data in a given time step, transfer information in the form of digital values from at least one controller to a computer or mobile device, processing information from at least one controller on a computer or on a mobile device, allocate an emergency event in the network when the digital value changes more than 20% in one time step, determine the type and causes of the alarm event, and the wire section in which the alarm event occurred. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the type of emergency event is determined by the event library generated from data from controllers on the line and similar anomalous surges from controllers located on other lines, followed by confirmation of a real accident. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally calculates the time for restoring power supply, taking into account the scheduled deadlines for eliminating a specific emergency, while taking into account information from geographic information systems about the location of the emergency team, determining the time of arrival of the emergency team to the emergency site, taking into account online services of navigation traffic of vehicles and traffic congestion. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a controller is used, comprising a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside which a Hall sensor is placed, electrically connected to the microprocessor, while the microprocessor is connected to the data transmission unit and to the data storage unit, and the controller is equipped with a battery capable of providing power to the said components included in the controller through the power distribution and management system, and the microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor into digital, pack the received data into wireless data transmission protocols and systems information storage. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a controller is used, containing a housing equipped with a wire wrapping mechanism made in the form of spring-loaded petals, while the petals are oriented towards each other and are configured to wrap around the wire at the moment they are closed. 6. The method according to paragraphs. 4, 5, characterized in that they use a controller housing made of a material transparent to electric waves. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller is installed on the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line, and after each tap, sectioning of the line is achieved and it becomes possible to determine the location of the emergency section. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that three controllers are installed on a section of a three-phase power supply line, one controller per wire. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two controllers are installed on a section of a two-phase power supply line, one controller per wire. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller is placed on the wire of an overhead power line by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle. 11. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the controller is placed on the wire of an overhead power line by means of a dielectric rod. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that data is transmitted via the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB.

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