RU2795296C1 - Battery module, charging module and an electronic device that supports high power fast charging - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: battery module, charging module and an electronic device that supports high power fast charging. Battery module (100) contains a battery element (14), which contains a battery cell body (140), a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal. The first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are electrically connected separately to the battery cell body (140). The first lead and the third lead have the first polarity, and the second lead has the second polarity. The second terminal and the first terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell (140) case or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell case (140). The second terminal and the third terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body (140) or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body (140). The first polarity is different from the second polarity.

EFFECT: increase of charging efficiency, reduction of the amount of heat generated with a relatively small space occupied.

18 cl, 48 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

Embodiments of the invention relate to charging technologies and, in particular, to a battery module, a charging module, and an electronic device supporting high power fast charging.

State of the art

The charging system currently used on an electronic terminal comprises a processor circuit and a battery cell. The processor circuit processes the charge voltage and charge current that are received from the outside, and supplies the processed charge voltage and the processed charge current to the battery cell. A battery cell stores electricity based on charge voltage and charge current. In conventional technology, each battery cell contains a terminal having a positive polarity and a terminal having a negative polarity. A terminal having a positive polarity and a terminal having a negative polarity provide a charge path and a discharge path for the battery cell.

As the demand for fast charging of battery cells increases, in order to solve the problem of fast charging, more battery cells and more processor circuits can be added to the conventional charging system to increase the charging speed. However, additional physical space is required for the battery cells and processor circuits, resulting in the inability to meet the requirements for the location of the electronic terminal in the allocated space. Therefore, if no battery cells are added, the charging and discharging currents of a single battery cell must be increased in order to improve charging efficiency. However, an increase in the charging and discharging current of a single battery cell easily results in a sharp increase in the amount of heat generated by the terminals, and therefore the processor circuit and the battery cell cannot meet the specific heat generation requirement of the electronic terminal.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

In order to solve the above problem, embodiments of the invention provide a battery module, a charging module, and an electronic device capable of high-capacity fast charging, characterized by a relatively small amount of heat generated and a relatively small footprint.

An embodiment of the invention provides a battery module. The battery module contains a battery element. The battery cell includes a battery cell case, a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are separately electrically connected to the battery cell case, wherein the first terminal and the third terminal have a first polarity, and the second terminal has a second polarity.

When combined, the second terminal and the first terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell case or outputting voltage and current from the battery cell case. Together, the second terminal and the third terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body or outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body. The first polarity and the second polarity are opposite polarities to each other. When the first polarity is positive polarity, the second polarity is negative polarity. When the first polarity is negative polarity, the second polarity is positive polarity.

For a battery cell, the present three terminals are included in at least two conductive paths for charging, thereby greatly improving the charging efficiency of the battery cell. In addition, since the two conductive paths share the charge current, the current through each terminal is actually reduced and the amount of heat generated by each terminal is also actually reduced.

Embodiments of the invention also include a first battery protection board. The first battery protection board includes a first protection circuit, a first battery interface, and a second battery interface. The first battery interface and the second battery interface are configured to be electrically connected to a component outside the battery module.

The first battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the first terminal using the first protection circuit, while the first battery interface, the first terminal, the battery cell case, the second terminal and the first protection circuit are part of the first conductive circuit. The second battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the third terminal using the first protection circuit, while the second battery interface, the third terminal, the battery cell case, the second terminal and the first protection circuit are included in the second conductive circuit.

The first protection circuit is configured to detect voltages and currents present in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit, and when the voltages or currents exceed the threshold range, the first protection circuit turns off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

The first battery protection board and three terminals are part of two conductive circuits for charging the battery cell. In addition, the first battery protection board, using the first protection circuit, detects the charge current or the discharge current, which is the battery cell current, to prevent damage to the battery due to overvoltage, undervoltage, or overcurrent during charging and discharging, thereby ensuring , battery cell safety.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are all located on the first side of the battery cell case; the first terminal and the second terminal are located on the first side of the battery cell case, and the third terminal is located on the second side of the battery cell case; or the first terminal and the third terminal are located on the first side of the battery cell case and the second terminal is located on the second side of the battery cell case; or the first terminal is located on the first side of the battery cell case, the second terminal is located on the second side of the battery cell case, and the third terminal is located on the third side of the battery cell case.

The location of the three terminals is not limited to specific locations on the battery cell body. The locations where the leads are located can be changed based on actual requirements to ensure coordination between the battery cell and the rest of the circuit, thereby reducing installation complexity and increasing the integration of the charging module.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are all located on the first side of the battery cell body, with the first terminal and the third terminal located on both sides of the second terminal, respectively.

The three terminals are located on the same side of the battery cell, with two terminals having the same first polarity being located on either side of the terminal having the second polarity, so that the field connection between the two terminals and the first battery protection board is relatively uniform and simple.

The embodiment also contains a fourth terminal, a fifth terminal, and a sixth terminal. The fourth terminal, the fifth terminal and the sixth terminal are electrically connected separately to the battery cell body. The fourth terminal and the sixth terminal have a first polarity and the fifth terminal has a second polarity, or the fourth terminal and the sixth terminal have a second polarity and the fifth terminal has a first polarity.

Together, the fifth terminal and the fourth terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body.

Together, the fifth terminal and the sixth terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body.

For the battery cell, the provided six terminals form at least four conductive charge paths, thereby further improving the charging efficiency of the battery cell. In addition, since the four conductive paths share the charge current to a large extent, the current flowing through each terminal is actually reduced, and the amount of heat generated at each terminal is also actually reduced.

In an embodiment of the invention, a second battery protection board is additionally introduced. The second battery protection board includes a second protection circuit, a third battery interface, and a fourth battery interface. The third battery interface and the fourth battery interface are configured to be electrically connected to a component outside the battery module.

The third battery interface is electrically connected separately to the fifth terminal and the fourth terminal using the second protection circuit, and the third battery interface, the fourth terminal, the battery cell case, the fifth terminal and the second protection circuit are included in the third conductive circuit. The fourth battery interface is electrically connected separately to the fifth terminal and the sixth terminal using the second protection circuit, and the fourth battery interface, the sixth terminal, the battery cell case, the fifth terminal and the second protection circuit are included in the fourth conductive circuit.

The second protection circuit is configured to detect voltages and currents in the third conductive circuit and the fourth conductive circuit, and when the voltages and currents exceed the threshold range, the second protection circuit turns off the third conductive circuit and the fourth conductive circuit.

The second battery protection board and the other three terminals are part of the other two battery cell charge conductive circuits. In addition, the second battery protection board, using the second protection circuit, detects the charge current or the discharge current of the battery cell to prevent damage to the battery due to overvoltage, undervoltage, or overcurrent during charging and discharging, ensuring the safety of the battery cell.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first protection circuit and the second protection circuit have the same circuit structure. Therefore, the protection of the battery cell is basically appropriate and synchronized, thereby further securing the safety of the battery cell.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are all located on the first side of the battery cell case, and the fourth terminal, the fifth terminal and the sixth terminal are all located on the second side of the battery cell case. The first side of the battery cell body and the second side of the battery cell body are two opposite sides of the battery cell body, or the first side of the battery cell body and the second side of the battery cell body are two adjacent sides of the battery cell body.

Three terminals are located on one side of the battery cell and the other three terminals are located on the other side of the battery cell with two terminals that have the same first polarity and are located on both sides of one terminal that has a second polarity. Thus, the wiring connection between the two terminals and the first battery protection board is relatively uniform and simple, and the terminals have more space for heat dissipation and more uniform heat dissipation is achieved.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first protection circuit comprises a first protection control block, a first fetch block, and a first switching block. The first protection control unit is electrically connected separately to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, and the first protection control unit detects voltage in the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit. The first sampling unit is electrically connected separately to the second output, the first protection control unit and the first switching unit, and the first protection control unit detects currents in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit by means of the first sampling unit. The first switching unit is electrically connected separately to the first protection control unit, the first sampling unit, the first battery interface and the second battery interface. Upon determining that the voltage or current in the first conductive circuit or in the second conductive circuit exceeds the first threshold range, the first protection control unit is configured to control the switching unit so as to turn off and disconnect the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

Whether the voltage and current passing through each terminal exceed the respective threshold ranges can be accurately determined based on the currents in the two conducting loops detected by the first sampling unit and the voltages obtained by the first protection control unit. In addition, when the voltage and current that are transmitted through each terminal exceed the respective threshold ranges, the conductive circuit connected to the terminal is turned off in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery cell.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first switching unit comprises a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being installed in the first conductive circuit and the second switch being installed in the second conductive circuit. The conductive circuits connected to the terminals can be easily and timely switched off by means of two switches.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first protection circuit further comprises a second protection control unit and a second switching unit.

The second protection control unit is electrically connected separately to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, and the second protection control unit detects voltages in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit.

The second protection control unit is electrically connected to the first sampling unit and is configured to detect currents in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit using the first sampling unit.

The second switching unit is electrically connected separately to the second protection control unit, the first switching unit, the first battery interface and the second battery interface.

Upon determining that the voltage or current in the first conductive circuit or in the second conductive circuit exceeds the second threshold range, the second protection control unit is configured to control the second trip switching unit so as to disconnect the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

Specifically, the first threshold range is the same as the second threshold range, or the first threshold range is less than or greater than the second threshold range.

When the first protection circuit fails, the second protection control unit and the second switching unit can timely replace the first protection control unit and the first switching unit in the first protection circuit to protect the battery cell. In other words, the first protection circuit and the second protection circuit can replace each other and operate synchronously, thus further enhancing the protection reliability of the battery cell.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second switching unit includes a third switch and a fourth switch, with the third switch installed in the first conductive circuit and the fourth switch installed in the second conductive circuit. The conductive circuits connected to the terminals can be switched off easily and in a timely manner using two switches.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell housing has a rolled-up design. The battery cell contains one first electrode plate having a first polarity and one second electrode plate having a second polarity. The first terminal and the third terminal are located on the first electrode plate, and the second terminal is located on the second electrode plate. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are rolled up to form a three-terminal battery cell, and the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are at different locations on the battery cell. The terminals are arranged separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are folded to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of making the three leads.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a coiled design. The battery cell contains one first electrode plate having a first polarity and one second electrode plate having a second polarity. The first terminal, the third terminal, the fourth terminal and the sixth terminal are located on the first electrode plate, and the second terminal and the fifth terminal are located on the second electrode plate. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are folded to form a six-terminal battery cell, and the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal, the fourth terminal, the fifth terminal, and the sixth terminal are at different locations in the battery cell. The leads are arranged separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are rolled up to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of producing six pins.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a layered structure. The battery cell contains at least two first electrode plates having a first polarity and at least two second electrode plates having a second polarity. The first sub-terminal and the third sub-terminal are located on each first electrode plate, and the second sub-terminal is located on each second electrode plate. All of the first electrode plates and all of the second electrode plates are layered to form a battery cell, all of the first sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a first terminal, all of the second sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a second terminal, all of the third sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a third terminal, and the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are located in different places of the battery cell. The leads are arranged separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are successively stacked one on top of the other to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of making the three leads.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a layered structure. The battery cell contains at least two first electrode plates having a first polarity and at least two second electrode plates having a second polarity. The first sub-terminal, the third sub-terminal, the fourth sub-terminal and the sixth sub-terminal are located on each first electrode plate, and the second sub-terminal and the fifth sub-terminal are located on each second electrode plate. All first electrode plates and all second electrode plates are layered to form a battery cell, all first sub-leads are electrically connected to form a first lead, all second sub-leads are electrically connected to form a second lead, all third sub-leads are electrically connected to form a third lead, all fourth sub-leads are electrically connected connected to form a fourth terminal, all fifth sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a fifth terminal, all sixth sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a sixth terminal; and the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal, the fourth terminal, the fifth terminal and the sixth terminal are at different locations in the battery cell. The conclusions are located separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are successively superimposed on one another to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of forming the six conclusions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell comprises a battery cell body, a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, and a fourth terminal. The first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are separately electrically connected to the battery cell case, the first terminal and the third terminal have the first polarity, and the second terminal and the fourth terminal have the second polarity. Together, the second terminal and the first terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body. Together, the fourth terminal and the third terminal are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body. The first polarity is the positive polarity and the second polarity is the negative polarity; or the first polarity is the negative polarity and the second polarity is the positive polarity.

For a battery cell, these four pins are included in at least two conductive paths for charging, thereby actually improving the charging efficiency of the battery cell. In addition, since these two conductive paths are separated from each other and share the charge current, the current passing through each terminal is actually reduced and the amount of heat generated at each terminal is also actually reduced.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first terminal and the second terminal are located on the first side of the battery cell case, and the third terminal and the fourth terminal are located on the second side of the battery cell case; or the first terminal is located on the first side of the battery cell case, and the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are located on the second side of the battery cell case.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery module further comprises a first battery protection board and a second battery protection board. The first battery protection board includes a first protection circuit and a first battery interface, and the second battery protection board contains a second protection circuit and a second battery interface. The first battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the first terminal using the first protection circuit, and the first battery interface, the first terminal, the battery cell case, the second terminal and the first protection circuit are included in the first conductive circuit. The second battery interface is electrically connected separately to the third terminal and the fourth terminal using the second protection circuit, and the second battery interface, the third terminal, the battery cell case, the fourth terminal and the first protection circuit are included in the second conductive circuit. The first protection circuit is configured to detect voltage and current in the first conductive circuit, and when the voltage or current exceeds a threshold range, the first protection circuit disables the first conductive circuit. The second protection circuit is configured to detect voltage and current in the second conductive circuit, and when the voltage or current exceeds a threshold range, the second protection circuit disables the second conductive circuit.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a coiled design. The battery cell housing contains one first electrode plate having a first polarity and one second electrode plate having a second polarity. The first terminal and the third terminal are located on the first electrode plate, and the second terminal and the fourth terminal are located on the second electrode plate. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are rolled up to form a four-terminal battery cell case, and the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are located at different locations on the battery cell case. The terminals are arranged separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are folded to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of producing four pins.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell housing has a sandwich construction. The battery cell housing contains at least two first electrode plates having a first polarity and at least two second electrode plates having a second polarity. The first sub-terminal and the third sub-terminal are located on each first electrode plate, and the second sub-terminal and the fourth sub-terminal are located on each second electrode plate. All first electrode plates and all second electrode plates are layered to form a battery cell body, all first sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a first terminal, all second sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a second terminal, all third sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a third terminal, and all fourth the sub-leads are electrically connected to form a fourth lead. The first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are located at different locations on the battery cell body. The leads are arranged separately on different electrode plates, and the electrode plates are stacked sequentially on top of each other to form a battery cell. This effectively simplifies the process of producing four pins.

In an embodiment of the invention, a charging module is provided, comprising the aforementioned battery module and a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is electrically connected to the battery module. The printed circuit board is configured to receive the first charge voltage provided from outside, convert the charge voltage into voltage and current, and output the voltage and current to the battery module. In the charging module, since the battery cell in the battery module has at least two conductive paths for charging, using the terminals actually adds charge paths to the battery cell, the current through each terminal is essentially reduced, and the amount of heat generated by each terminal is essentially decreases while charging time is reduced.

In an embodiment of the invention, the printed circuit board includes a first printed circuit board and a third printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board includes an interface configured to receive the first charge voltage, and the first printed circuit board converts the first charge voltage into a second charge voltage and transmits the second charge voltage to the third printed circuit board. The third circuit board is electrically connected to the battery module and is configured to convert the second charge voltage into a voltage and output the voltage to the battery module. The first circuit board and the third circuit board work together to convert the received charging voltage into a voltage suitable for use by the battery cell during charging, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery cell during charging.

In an embodiment of the invention, the printed circuit board includes a first printed circuit board and a third printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board includes an interface configured to receive the first charge voltage, and the first printed circuit board transmits the first charge voltage to the third printed circuit board. The third circuit board is electrically connected to the battery module and is configured to convert the first charge voltage into a voltage and output the voltage to the battery module. The first circuit board and the third circuit board work together to convert the received charging voltage into a voltage suitable for use by the battery cell during charging, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery cell during charging.

In an embodiment of the invention, the circuit board further comprises a second circuit board. The first printed circuit board and the third printed circuit board are located on two opposite sides of the battery module, and the second printed circuit board is electrically connected separately to the first printed circuit board and the third printed circuit board through the battery cell case. The first printed circuit board and the third printed circuit board are connected using the second printed circuit board, thus guaranteeing flexibility in determining the positions of the first printed circuit board and the third printed circuit board.

In an embodiment of the invention, the charging module is configured to provide live power to the functional circuit.

In an embodiment of the invention, an electronic device is provided comprising a functional circuit and the aforementioned charging module. The charging module is configured to provide operational power supply to the functional circuit.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a coiled design. The rolled up battery cell contains one positive electrode plate and one negative electrode plate. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are arranged separately on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. At least two terminals having the same polarity are located at different locations on at least the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate. The at least two terminals having the same polarity form at least two terminals having the same polarity at different locations of the twist-formed battery cell, so that the twist-formed battery cell contains at least three terminals.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell has a layered structure. The layered battery cell contains more than one positive electrode plate and more than one negative electrode plate. At least one positive terminal and at least one negative terminal are located separately on each positive electrode plate and on each negative electrode plate. On positive pads or on negative pads, at least two positive (negative) leads are located at different locations on at least one positive (negative) pad, or positive (negative) leads on at least two positive (negative) pads The electrode plates are located at various locations on the electrode plates so that the layered battery cell has at least three terminals.

In an embodiment of the invention, the battery cell contains at least three terminals. These three terminals are located on the same side of the battery cell, or these three terminals are located separately on different sides of the battery cell.

Embodiments of the invention use a multi-battery interface and a multi-terminal mode to improve the current-carrying capacity of a battery cell.

In a multiple pin solution, there can be three pins, four pins, six pins, or N pins. Negative terminal or positive terminal can be shared during charge and discharge. For example, in a three-terminal solution, three terminals contain two positive terminals and one negative terminal, and the negative terminal is shared (as shown in Fig. 2A); or three leads include two negative leads and one positive lead, and the positive lead is shared (as shown in FIG. 8). In a 6-pin solution, the 6-pin can duplicate the 3-pin solution. In addition, more pins may be included, such as eight pins, nine pins, or 12 pins.

In embodiments of the invention, a charger IC (charging circuit) with an effective pressure drop ratio (eg, 4:1 or other greater ratio) is used to perform step down voltage. Provided that the external charging cable (and PD protocol) limits the input through current through the bottleneck to 5A, the charging power is increased by increasing the input voltage.

The multi-output solution in embodiments of the invention may use, for example, one of the following methods.

A: Mode A is used for current sharing, in which a pin is added and a pin is reused (that is, the above-mentioned shared positive terminal or shared negative terminal). This reduces not only the lead impedance, but also the amount of heat generated by the battery cell package (containing the battery cell and the battery protection board). By design, the amount of shared output can increase. For example, the width, length, and/or thickness of the shared output may increase.

B: The number of pins is increasing. The battery cell has a double ended terminal design to increase the through current carrying capacity of the battery cell, including but not limited to four terminal designs and six terminal designs. The four terminal design is shown below in FIG. 9, where there is one pair of positive and negative terminals on each of the two sides of the battery cell. The six terminal design is shown below in FIG. 14A where there are three terminals on each of the two sides of the battery cell. In FIG. 14A shows that the negative terminal is shared. Likewise, a positive lead can alternatively be shared.

In solutions such as the three-terminal solution and the six-terminal solution in the embodiments of the invention, the protection ICs (i.e., the protection ICs in the battery protection board) can be combined through pin allocation and circuit optimization, thereby realizing the high power charging capability for the case , which uses a single battery cell, and avoids the safety problem that exists when two battery cells are used.

In the embodiments of the invention, the following problems that exist when a single battery cell is used: insufficient through-current functionality and a large amount of heat generated, and subsequent problems that exist when two battery cells are used can also be solved: high cost, the need to add an additional set of protection ICs and a large loss of capacitance in the case of current sharing.

In embodiments of the invention, by using a series of battery terminals, the amount of heat generated by the battery cell is reduced and the through current capability of the battery cell is increased. In embodiments of the invention, the solution to protect one set of protection ICs is implemented by planning current paths through the dual-battery interface. When this solution is compared with the dual battery cell solution, the cost is reduced and the storage life is high, while the amount of heat generated by the battery cell is reduced. In embodiments of the invention, using a plurality of leads and a charger IC with an effective differential pressure ratio (eg, 4:1), a charge with increased power is realized without increasing the overall amount of heat generated. In embodiments of the invention, high power through current capability is provided by using a series of terminals, thus realizing high power charging for the case where a single battery cell is used, and solving the problem of using two battery cells.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charging module according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2A and FIG. 2B is a planar battery cell design;

fig. 3A and FIG. 3B are block diagrams of the first battery protection board shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 4A is a block diagram of the units shown in FIG. 1 of a first protection circuit and a second protection circuit;

fig. 4B is a block diagram of a first protection circuit and a second protection circuit according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the construction of the first protection board in the battery module shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a block diagram of a battery module in a charging module according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of a charging module according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a block diagram of a battery module in a charging module according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a block diagram of a charging module according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a block diagram of the charging module;

fig. 11 - block diagram of the design of the battery module;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of the construction of one of the first battery protection boards;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of a charging module according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 14A is a block diagram of a battery module in the charging module shown in FIG. 13;

fig. 14B is a block diagram of a five terminal battery module according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 15 is a structural block diagram of the battery module in the charging module shown in FIG. 13;

fig. 16A-FIG. 16C are exploded block diagrams of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 17 is a plan view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 16A;

fig. 18 is a frontal schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 16A;

fig. 19 is an expanded block diagram of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 20 is a plan view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 19;

fig. 21 is an expanded block diagram of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 22 is a plan view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 21;

fig. 23 is an expanded block diagram of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 24 is a plan view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 23;

fig. 25 is a frontal view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 24;

fig. 26 is an expanded block diagram of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 27 is a three-dimensional construction of the battery cell shown in FIG. 26;

fig. 28 is a left side view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 27;

fig. 29 is an expanded block diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 30 is an expanded block diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 31 is a three-dimensional construction of the battery cell shown in FIG. thirty;

fig. 32 is a left side view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 31;

fig. 33 is a main view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 31;

fig. 34 is an expanded block diagram of a six-terminal battery cell design according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 35 is an expanded block diagram of a six terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 36 is a planar design of the battery cell shown in FIG. 34;

fig. 37 is a planar structure of a four-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 38 is a frontal view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 37;

fig. 39 is a schematic representation of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 40 is a schematic representation of a four-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 41 is a schematic representation of a five-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 42 is a schematic representation of a six-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 43 is a schematic representation of a non-through battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 44 is a schematic view of a through-cell battery according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 45 is a schematic representation of a three-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 46 is a schematic representation of a four-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 47 is a schematic representation of a five-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention; And

fig. 48 is a schematic representation of a six-terminal battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of embodiments of the invention

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging module 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the charging module 10 includes a first circuit board 11, a second circuit board 12, a third circuit board 13, and a battery module 100 includes a battery cell 14 and a first battery protection circuit board 15. The first circuit board 11, the second circuit board 12, and the third circuit board 13 work together to convert the charge voltage and charge current, which are received from the outside, into a voltage and current suitable for charging the battery charging module 100. The battery module 100 receives the converted voltage and current and performs charging to store electric power. In addition, the battery module 100 can also output the stored electric power to the third circuit board 13 to discharge and provide drive power to the third circuit board 13 and to another functional circuit (not shown).

Namely, the first circuit board 11 is configured to: receive the first charge voltage and the first charge current from the outside, perform conversion of the first charge voltage to the second charge voltage. The second circuit board 12 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 11 and the third circuit board 13, and is configured to provide the first charge voltage and the first charge current to the third circuit board 13. The third circuit board 13 is electrically connected to the first battery protection board 15 and is configured to convert the second charge voltage into a battery cell voltage; and providing the battery cell voltage to the first battery protection board 15 . In addition, the first circuit board 11 and the third circuit board 13 also convert the first charging current into a battery cell current.

The first battery protection board 15 is electrically connected to the battery cell 14 and is configured to transmit the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current to the battery cell 14 using at least two conductive paths so that the battery cell 14 charges to store electrical energy. In the other direction, the battery cell 14 transmits the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current to the first battery protection board 15 using the at least two conductive paths so that the battery cell 14 releases the stored electrical energy to the third circuit board 13 to perform a discharge.

In this embodiment, the battery cell voltage is less than the first charge voltage and the second charge voltage. The battery cell voltage is the nominal voltage at which the battery cell 14 is charged or discharged. For example, the battery cell voltage is 5 Volts (V) and the first charging current is 12 Amps (A). In another embodiment of the invention, the first printed circuit board 11 may be directly electrically connected to the third printed circuit board 13 without making a connection to the second printed circuit board 12. In other words, in another embodiment, there may be no second printed circuit board 12 and the first printed circuit board 11 and the third printed circuit board 13 electrically connected directly. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first printed circuit board 11 and the third printed circuit board 13 may be implemented by the same printed circuit board, i.e. the first printed circuit board 11 and the third printed circuit board 13 are the same printed circuit board, and the second printed circuit board 12 absent.

It should be noted that a plurality of function circuits and a plurality of conductive lines are disposed on each of the first circuit board 11, the second circuit board 12, and the third circuit board 13 to process received voltage and current and transmit the processed voltage and current. More specifically, the first circuit board 11 includes the first transmission interface 111 and the first voltage conversion unit C1. The first transmission interface 111 is configured to be electrically connected to an external power supply system and receive a first charge voltage and a first charge current. In this embodiment, for example, the first transmission interface 111 may be a mini USB interface, a micro USB 2.0 interface, a micro USB 2.0 interface, or a C-type interface, the first charge voltage is 12 Volts (V), and the first charge current is 5 Amperes (A).

The first voltage conversion unit C1 is electrically connected to the first transmission interface 111 and is configured to convert the first charge voltage into a second charge voltage, such as lowering the first charge voltage. In this embodiment, the first voltage conversion unit C1 can lower the input voltage by half (1/2) at the most and then output the voltage. In other words, the minimum value of the second charge voltage (output voltage) may be 1/2 of the first charge voltage (input voltage). In the charging process, the first voltage conversion unit C1 determines the voltage reduction amount based on the actual requirement. Of course, in another embodiment of the invention, the first voltage conversion unit C1 may have a different voltage reduction capability (4:1 voltage reduction, 3:1 voltage reduction, or other ratio). For example, the first voltage conversion unit C1 may be a charger IC with a ratio of 4:1 and is capable of stepping down the output voltage to 1/4 of the input voltage. It should be noted that in another embodiment, it may not be necessary to convert the first charge voltage, for example, it may not be necessary to lower the first charge voltage. For example, if the value of the first charge voltage is relatively low, it is not necessary to carry out the step down. In this case, the first circuit board 11 may not include the first voltage conversion unit C1, and the first circuit board 11 may directly supply the first charge voltage to the third circuit board 13.

The second circuit board 12 includes a first connection interface 121 and a second connection interface 122. The first connection interface 121 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 11 and the second connection interface 122 is electrically connected to the third circuit board 13. In this embodiment, the first circuit board 11 and the third circuit board 13 are located on two opposite sides of the battery cell 14. In this case, the second printed circuit board 12 electrically connects the first printed circuit board 11 to the third printed circuit board 13 through two opposite sides of the battery cell 14 to transmit the second charge voltage to the third printed circuit board 13. In this embodiment, the second printed circuit board 12 may be a flexible printed circuit board. .

It should be noted that the locations where the first circuit board 11, the second circuit board 12, and the third circuit board 13 are located are not limited in this embodiment. The structures in the embodiments of the invention and in the accompanying drawings are merely examples of interconnection relationships and do not limit the specific arrangement of components. For example, the second circuit board 12 in FIG. 1 is on the left side of the drawing, but in the actual product the second PCB 12 could be located in any suitable location. For example, for balance purposes, the second circuit board 12 may be located at an intermediate location, i.e. the battery cell and protection circuit may be symmetrical with respect to the second circuit board 12.

The third circuit board 13 includes a first conductive interface 131, a second conductive interface 132, and two second voltage conversion units C2. In a particular implementation process, typically the third printed circuit board 13 may further comprise another circuit element for realizing the functions of charging and discharging the electronic device through interaction. For example, the third printed circuit board 13 may further comprise a first sampler 133 and a coulometer 134. The first sampler 133 is electrically coupled to the first conductive interface 131 and the second conductive interface 132. The coulometer 134 is electrically coupled to the first sampler 133. The first sampling unit 133 may be a low-resistance resistor capable of being sampled during current detection or electrical quantity detection. The coulometer 134 (also referred to as a coulomb counter) is configured to measure the electrical value of the battery. The coulometer 134 can measure the electrical value of the battery using a low resistance resistor.

The two second voltage conversion units C2 are separately electrically connected to the second connection interface 122 and separately configured to receive the second charge voltage and charge current and convert the second charge voltage into a battery cell voltage, for example, can lower the second charge voltage to a battery cell voltage. In this embodiment, the second voltage conversion unit C2 may be a charger IC with a ratio of 2:1, may lower the input voltage to at most half, and then output the voltage. In other words, the minimum value of the battery cell voltage (output voltage) may be half (1/2) of the second charge voltage (input voltage). In the charging process, the second voltage conversion unit C2 determines the voltage reduction amount based on the actual requirement. In another embodiment of the invention, the second voltage conversion unit C2 may have another voltage reduction capability (voltage reduction with a ratio of 4:1, 3:1 or other ratio). For example, the second voltage conversion unit C2 may be a charger IC with a ratio of 4:1 and be capable of stepping down the output voltage to 1/4 of the input voltage.

It should be noted that the voltages in the embodiments of the invention are merely examples, and in the actual process of charging the battery module 100, the charge or discharge voltage fluctuates. The battery cell voltage corresponding to the maximum current allowed when the battery module 100 is being charged does not exceed 5 V. Typically, the maximum battery cell voltage is 4.22 V or 4.45 V.

The two second voltage conversion units C2 are separately electrically connected to the first conductive interface 131 and the second conductive interface 132 to separately provide the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current to the first conductive interface 131 and the second conductive interface 132. In other words, the first conductive interface 131 receives the cell voltage battery and battery cell current, and the second conductive interface 132 also receives the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current.

In an embodiment, the two second voltage conversion units C2 may be, for example, charger ICs. It may be that the two charger ICs are both primary charger ICs, or it may be that one charger IC is the primary charger IC and the other charger IC is the secondary charger IC. In addition to performing voltage conversion, the charger's primary IC further supports other charging function, such as can further support charging with low voltage structure, USB OTG (USB on-the-go) function, etc. Secondary IC The charger is mainly configured to realize functions such as voltage conversion and charging current increase.

With reference to FIG. 1 in FIG. 2A shows the planar design of the battery cell 14.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, the battery cell 14 includes a battery cell body 140 and a first side 141 and a second side 142 that are opposed to each other. The first circuit board 11 is disposed on the first side 141 of the battery cell 14, and the third circuit board 13 and the first battery protection board 15 are disposed on the second side 142 of the battery cell. The second circuit board 12 is separately electrically connected to the first circuit board 11 and the third circuit board 13 via the first side 141 and the second side 142 of the battery cell 14.

In this embodiment, lead 14a, lead 14b, and lead 14c are located on the second side 142 of the battery cell case 140. Pin 14a has polarity 1, and pin 14b and pin 14c have polarity 2. Polarity 1 and polarity 2 are opposite. Polarity 1 is positive polarity and polarity 2 is negative polarity; or polarity 1 is negative polarity and polarity 2 is positive polarity.

Lead 14b and lead 14a form the positive and negative electrodes of the conductive circuit, and lead 14c and lead 14a form the positive and negative electrodes of the conductive circuit. In this case, by separately using the two conductive circuits, voltage and current are supplied to the battery cell case 140 (charge), or voltage and current are output from the battery cell case 140 (discharge).

In this embodiment, pin 14b and pin 14c can be electrically connected directly. In other words, the voltages (potentials) at pin 14b and pin 14c are the same.

Therefore, the battery cell 14 contains two conductive circuits for charging or discharging. In this case, the charging efficiency of the battery cell 14 can be improved and the charging time can be shortened without increasing the charging current through each terminal. It should be noted that the positions of these terminals in the battery cell are not limited in this embodiment, and the solutions in this embodiment can be implemented provided that the electrical connection relationships are maintained. The positions of the terminals in the battery cell are described in detail in the following embodiment of a specific battery cell design.

With reference to FIG. 1 in FIG. 3A is a block diagram of the first battery protection board 15 shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the first battery protection board 15 includes a first battery interface 151, a second battery interface 152, a first protection circuit 153, and a second protection circuit 154.

The first battery interface 151 is electrically connected to the first conductive interface 131 (FIG. 1) and the second battery interface 152 is electrically connected to the second conductive interface 132 (FIG. 1).

The first protection circuit 153 is electrically connected between the first battery interface 151 and terminals 14a, 14b and 14c, and the first protection circuit 153 is also electrically connected between the second battery interface 152 and terminals 14a, 14b and 14c. The first protection circuit 153 is configured to cut off the conductive path between the first battery interface 151 and the terminals 14a, 14b, and 14c and the conductive path between the second battery interface 152 and the terminals 14a, 14b, and 14c during charging or discharging the battery cell 14 when the voltage and the current between the first battery interface 151 and the terminals 14a, 14b, and 14c and the voltage and current between the second battery interface 152 and the terminals 14a, 14b, and 14c exceed the threshold ranges to protect the battery cell 14 and prevent damage to the battery cell 14.

The second protection circuit 154 is electrically connected between the first battery interface 151 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c, and the second protection circuit 154 is also electrically connected between the second battery interface 152 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c. The second protection circuit 154 is configured to cut off the conductive path between the first battery interface 151 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c and the conductive path between the second battery interface 152 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c during charging or discharging of the battery cell 14 when the voltage and current between the first battery interface 151 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c and the voltage and current between the second battery interface 152 and the terminals 14a, 14b and 14c exceed the threshold ranges in order to protect the battery cell 14 and prevent damage to the battery cell 14.

The first protection circuit 153 and the second protection circuit 154 protect the battery cell 14 at the same time. When either of the circuits, the first protection circuit 153 or the second protection circuit 154, fails, the other circuit can protect the battery cell 14. In other words, the first protection circuit 153 and the second protection circuit 154 can redundant each other. When the first protection control unit 1531 fails, the second protection control unit 1541 1541 performs voltage and current protection. Alternatively, when the second protection control unit 1541 fails, the first protection control unit 1531 performs voltage and current protection.

The threshold ranges corresponding to the first protection circuit 153 and which are intended for voltage and current protection, which are the input and output parameters of the battery cell 14, may be the same as or different from the threshold ranges corresponding to the second protection circuit 154 and which are intended for voltages and currents, which are the input and output parameters of the battery element 14. When the first protection circuit 153 and the second protection circuit 154 correspond to different ranges, the protection circuit that reaches the threshold range first performs the action of cutting off the current path. When the first protection circuit 153 and the second protection circuit 154 correspond to the same ranges, one of the two protection circuits which earlier detects that the voltage or current exceeds the corresponding threshold range performs a protection operation. More specifically, the first battery interface 151, terminal 14b, the battery cell case, terminal 14a, and the first protection circuit 153 form a first conductive circuit. The first conductive circuit transmits the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current.

In this embodiment, the first conductive circuit comprises a first conductive path P1 and a third conductive path P3. The first conductive path P1 extends between the first battery interface 151 and terminal 14b, and the third conductive path P3 extends between the first battery interface 151 and terminal 14a.

The second battery interface 152, terminal 14c, the battery cell case, terminal 14a, and the first protection circuit 153 constitute the second conductive circuit. The second conductive circuit transmits the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current.

In this embodiment, the second conductive circuit comprises a second conductive path P2 and a fourth conductive path P4. The second conductive path P2 extends between the second battery interface 152 and terminal 14c, and the fourth conductive path P4 extends between the second battery interface 152 and terminal 14a.

Alternatively, the third conduction path P3 and the fourth conduction path P4 are electrically connected directly using a conductive line so that the voltages in the third conduction path P3 and the fourth conduction path P4 are substantially the same and the currents flowing in the third conduction path P3 and the fourth pathway P4 are basically the same.

The first 153 protection circuit is configured to detect voltages and currents present in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit. When the voltages exceed the first voltage threshold range, the first protection circuit 153 turns off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit to prevent the battery cell 14 from being charged under overvoltage conditions or from being discharged under undervoltage conditions. When the currents exceed the first current threshold, the first protection circuit 153 turns off the two conductive circuits to prevent the battery cell 14 from being charged or discharged under overcurrent conditions.

Similarly, the second protection circuit 154 is also configured to detect the voltages and currents of the first conductive loop and the second conductive loop. When the voltages exceed the second voltage threshold range, the second protection circuit 154 turns off the two conductive circuits to prevent the battery cell 14 from being charged under an overvoltage condition or from being discharged under an undervoltage condition. When the currents exceed the second current threshold, the second protection circuit 154 disables the two conductive circuits to prevent the battery cell 14 from being charged or discharged under overcurrent conditions.

In this embodiment, the first voltage threshold range may be from undervoltage threshold 1 to overvoltage threshold 1, where undervoltage threshold 1 is less than overvoltage threshold 1. The second voltage threshold range may be from an undervoltage threshold 2 to an overvoltage threshold 2, where the undervoltage threshold 2 is less than the overvoltage threshold 2.

When the first voltage threshold range matches the second voltage threshold range, the undervoltage threshold 1 is equal to the undervoltage threshold 2 2 and the overvoltage threshold 1 is equal to the overvoltage threshold 2.

When the first voltage threshold range is different from the second voltage threshold range, the undervoltage threshold 1 is not equal to the undervoltage threshold 2 or the overvoltage threshold 1 is not equal to the overvoltage threshold 2 2. In an embodiment, the undervoltage threshold 2 is less than the undervoltage threshold 1 and the overvoltage threshold 2 is greater than the overvoltage threshold 1; or the undervoltage threshold 2 is greater than the undervoltage threshold 1 and the overvoltage threshold 2 is greater than the overvoltage threshold 1.

For example, the first voltage threshold range may be, for example, 2.4 V to 4.422 V, and the second voltage threshold range may be, for example, 2.2 V to 4.45 V. In other words, overvoltage threshold 1 is 4.422 V, the undervoltage threshold 1 is 2.4V, the overvoltage threshold 2 is 4.45V, and the undervoltage threshold 2 is 2.2V. On the other hand, the first voltage threshold range may be, for example, between 2, 2V to 4.422V, and the second voltage threshold range may be, for example, 2.4V to 4.45V. increased voltage.

In this embodiment of the invention, the first current threshold or the second current threshold has a certain value. The first current threshold and the second current threshold may be the same or different. That is, the current exceeds the current threshold, which means that the current is greater than or equal to the current threshold.

With reference to FIG. 1 in FIG. 4A is a block diagram of the first security circuit 153 and the second security circuit 154 as shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the first protection circuit 153 includes a first protection control block 1531, a first voltage sampling block 1532, a first current sampling block 1534, and a first switching block 1533.

The first protection control unit 1531 is separately electrically connected to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit. The first protection control unit 1531 detects the voltages and currents that are in the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, and determines whether the detected voltages and currents exceed the respective threshold ranges. When the voltages and currents exceed the respective threshold ranges, the first protection control block 1531 outputs a protection signal to the first switching block 1533. The first switching unit 1533 turns off the first circuit and the second circuit based on the protection signal, thereby protecting the battery cell 14 and preventing damage to the battery cell 14 due to overvoltage, overcurrent, or undervoltage.

The first voltage sampling unit 1532 is separately electrically connected to terminal 14b, terminal 14c, and the first protection control unit 1531, and is configured to detect the battery cell voltage and transmit the detected battery cell voltage to the first protection control unit 1531. The first voltage sampling block 1532 may be, for example, a sampling resistor. Alternatively, in this embodiment of the invention there may alternatively be no voltage sampling unit and the voltage in the conductive loop is directly detected by the protection control unit.

The first current sampling unit 1534 is electrically connected separately to terminal 14a, the first protection control unit 1531 and the first switching unit 1533, and is configured to detect currents in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit and transmit the currents to the first protection control unit 1531. The first current sampling block 1534 may be, for example, a sampling resistor.

The first switching unit 1533 is electrically connected separately to the first protection control unit 1531, the first current sampling unit 1534, the first battery interface 151, and the second battery interface 152. The first switching unit 1533 is located in the third wiring path P3 of the first wiring circuit and in the fourth wiring path P4 of the second wiring circuit.

In this embodiment, the first switching unit 1533 may include a first switch S1 and a second switch S2.

The first switch S1 is electrically connected separately to the first current sampling unit 1534, the first protection control unit 1531, and the third switch S3 in the second protection circuit 154. The first switch S1 is in the on or off state based on the protection signal provided by the first protection control unit 1531.

The second switch S2 is electrically connected separately to the first current sampling unit 1534, the first protection control unit 1531, and the fourth switch S4 in the second protection circuit 154. The second switch S2 is in the on or off state based on the protection signal provided by the first protection control unit 1531.

In this embodiment, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 turn on or off synchronously, and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 can be implemented using the same type of MOS transistors. For example, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both p-type or n-type transistors. Of course, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 may alternatively be implemented using other types of transistors or other elements.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the second protection circuit 154 may be further included in this embodiment. The second protection circuit 154 includes a second protection control block 1541, a second voltage sampling block 1542, and a second switching block 1543.

The second protection control unit 1541 is electrically connected separately to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit. The second protection control unit 1541 detects voltages and currents in the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, determines whether the voltages exceed the second voltage threshold range, and determines whether the currents exceed the corresponding threshold current. When the voltages and currents exceed the respective threshold ranges, the second protection control block 1541 outputs a protection signal to the second switching block 1543. The second switching unit 1543 turns off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit based on the protection signal.

The second voltage sampling unit 1542 is electrically connected separately to terminal 14b, terminal 14c, and the second protection control unit 1541, and is configured to detect the voltage and transmit the detected voltage to the second protection control unit 1541. In this embodiment, the circuit design of the first voltage sampler 1532 and the second voltage sampler 1542 may be the same. Alternatively, in this embodiment, there may be no voltage sampling unit and the voltage in the conductive loop is directly detected by the protection control unit.

In this embodiment, since the first battery interface 151 and the second battery interface 152 are electrically connected directly using a conductive line, that is, the third conduction path P3 and the fourth conduction path P4 are shorted to each other, the currents flowing in the third conduction path P3 and in the fourth pathway P4 are basically the same.

The second switching unit 1543 is electrically connected separately to the second protection control unit 1541, the first switching unit 1533, the first battery interface 151, and the second battery interface 152. The second switching unit 1543 is installed in the third wiring path P3 of the first wiring circuit and in the fourth wiring path P4 of the second wiring circuit.

In this embodiment, the second switching unit 1543 includes a third switch S3 and a fourth switch S4.

The third switch S3 is electrically connected separately to the first switch S1, the second protection control unit 1541, and the first battery interface 151. The third switch S3 is on or off based on the protection signal provided by the second protection control unit 1541.

When the third switch S3 and the first switch S1 are both in the on state, the first conductive circuit is closed and the first conductive path P1 and the third conductive path P3 are electrically turned on. When the third switch S3 or the first switch S1 are in the off state, the first conductive circuit is open and the first conductive path P1 and the third conductive path P3 are electrically turned off.

The fourth switch S4 is electrically connected separately to the second switch S2, the second protection control unit 1541, and the second battery interface 152. The fourth switch S4 is in the on or off state based on the protection signal provided by the first protection control unit 1541.

When the fourth switch S4 and the second switch S2 are both in the on state, the second conductive circuit is closed and the second conduction path P2 and the fourth conduction path P4 are electrically turned on. In other words, the battery cell current and the battery cell voltage may be supplied between the second battery interface 152 and terminal 14a. When the fourth switch S4 or the second switch S2 is in the off state, the second conductive circuit is open and the second conduction path P2 and the fourth conduction path P4 are electrically turned off.

In this embodiment, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are turned on or off synchronously, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 can be implemented using the same type of MOS transistor, for example, both are p-type or n-type transistors. . Of course, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 may alternatively be implemented with other types of transistors or other elements.

In another implementation, pin 14a may be split into two pins. When interacting with each other, these two pins have the same function as pin 14a. As shown in FIG. 2B, terminal 14a may be two terminals having the same polarity (may also be referred to as sub-terminals). One of the two terminals and terminal 14b forms the positive and negative electrodes of a single conductive circuit and is capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body or is capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body. The other of the two terminals and terminal 14c form the positive and negative electrodes of the other conductive circuit and are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell case or capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell case. The two conductive loops are similar to the two conductive loops in FIG. 2A. Accordingly, when the terminal 14a is divided into two terminals having the same polarity, the corresponding block diagram of the first battery protection board 15 is shown in FIG. 3B and respective block diagrams of the first security circuit 153 and the second security circuit 154 are shown in FIG. 4b. The difference between Fig. 3B and FIG. 3A is that terminal 14a is divided into two terminals having the same polarity. The difference between Fig. 4B and FIG. 4A is that terminal 14a is divided into two terminals having the same polarity.

In FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific layout of the first protection board 15 in the battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1.

The first voltage sampling unit 1532 includes a first voltage detection resistor RV1 and a second voltage detection resistor RV2. The first voltage sampling resistor RV1 is electrically connected to terminal 14b on the first wiring path P1, and the second sampling resistor RV2 is electrically connected to terminal 14c on the second wiring path P2. The first voltage sampling resistor RV1 and the second sampling resistor RV2 are configured to collect data on the voltage on the first conductive path P1 and the voltage on the second conductive path P2, respectively.

In this embodiment, since terminal 14b and terminal 14c are electrically connected directly, the first voltage sampling resistor RV1 and the second voltage sampling resistor RV2 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the first voltage sampling unit 1532 can collect the average value of the voltage on the first conductive path P1 and the voltage on the second conductive path P2, and provide the average voltage value for the first protection control unit 1531.

In another embodiment of the invention, it may happen that only the first voltage detection resistor RV1 is located in the first voltage sampling unit 1532, so that the voltage which is applied to the first conductive path P1 and which is detected by the first voltage detection resistor RV1 is used as the charge voltage or discharging cell 14 of the battery. Alternatively, it may be that only the second voltage detection resistor RV2 is located in the first voltage sampling unit 1532, so that the voltage supplied to the second conductive path P2 and which is detected by the second voltage detection resistor RV2 is used as the charging or discharging voltage of the battery cell 14 .

The first current detection unit 1534 includes a first current detection resistor RI1 and a second current detection resistor RI2. The first current sampling resistor RI1 is electrically connected between the terminal 14a and the first battery interface 151, and the second sampling resistor RV2 is electrically connected between the terminal 14a and the second battery interface 152. The first current sampling resistor RI1 and the second current sampling resistor RI2 are configured to collect data on the current on the third conductive path P3 and on the current on the fourth conductive path P3 P4, respectively.

In this embodiment, since the first battery interface 151 and the second battery interface 152 are directly electrically connected by a conductive line, that is, the third conduction path P3 and the fourth conduction path P4 are short-circuited with each other, the currents flowing in the third conduction path P3 and in the fourth conducting path P4 are the same.

The second voltage sampling unit 1542 includes a third voltage detection resistor RV3 and a fourth voltage detection resistor RV4. A third voltage sampling resistor RV3 is electrically connected to a terminal 14b in the first wiring path P1, and a fourth sampling resistor RV4 is electrically connected to a terminal 14c in the second wiring path P2. The third voltage sampling resistor RV3 and the fourth sampling resistor RV4 are configured to collect data on the voltage on the first conductive path P1 and the voltage on the second conductive path P2, respectively.

In this embodiment, since the two terminals terminal 14b and terminal 14c are electrically connected directly, the third voltage sampling resistor RV3 and the fourth voltage sampling resistor RV4 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the second voltage sampling unit 1542 may collect data on the average value of the voltage on the first conductive path P1 and the voltage on the second conductive path P2, and supply the average voltage value to the first protection control unit 1531.

In another embodiment of the invention, it may happen that only the third voltage detection resistor RV3 is located in the second voltage sampling block 1542, so that the voltage that is present on the first conductive path P1 and that is detected by the third voltage detection resistor RV3 is used as the charge voltage or battery cell 14 discharge voltage. Alternatively, it may be that only the fourth voltage detection resistor RV4 is located in the second voltage sampling unit 1542, so that the voltage that is present in the second conductive path P2 and that is detected by the fourth voltage detection resistor RV4 is used as the charging or discharging voltage of the cell 14 batteries.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first protection control unit 1531 includes a first voltage detection terminal PV1, a first current detection terminal PI1, a first charge control terminal CO1, and a first discharge control terminal DO1.

Specifically, the first voltage detection terminal PV1 is electrically connected to the first voltage detection resistor RV1 and the second voltage detection resistor RV2, and is configured to detect the voltage.

The first current detection terminal PI1 is electrically connected to the first current detection resistor RI1 and the second current detection resistor RI2, and is configured to detect the current.

The first charge control terminal CO1 and the first discharge control terminal DO1 are both electrically connected to the first switch S1 and configured to output a protection signal to control the first switch S1 to switch it to an on or off state.

The first protection control unit 1531 determines whether the voltage detected by the first voltage detection terminal PV1 and the current detected by the first current detection terminal PI1 exceed the threshold ranges. When the voltage or current exceeds the threshold range, the first protection control unit 1531 outputs a protection signal from the first charge control terminal CO1 and from the first discharge control terminal DO1.

In this embodiment, the first switch S1 in the first switching unit 1533 includes a first control terminal SC1, a second control terminal SC2, a first conductive terminal SD1, and a second conductive terminal SD2.

The first control terminal SC1 is electrically connected to the first discharge control terminal DO1, the second control terminal SC2 is electrically connected to the first charge terminal CO1, the first conductive terminal SD1 is electrically connected to terminal 14a, and the second conductive terminal SD2 is electrically connected to the first battery interface 151 using the second block 1543 switching.

The protection signal is output by the first protection control unit 1531 from the first charge control terminal CO1, and the first discharge control terminal DO1 controls the first switch S1 to be turned on or off by the first control terminal SC1 and the second control terminal SC2. When the first switch S1 is turned on under the control of the protection signal, the first conductive terminal SD1 and the second conductive terminal SD2 are electrically turned on. When the first switch S1 is turned off under the control of the protection signal, the first conductive terminal SD1 and the second conductive terminal SD2 are electrically turned off.

In this embodiment, the first switch S1 may be turned on bidirectionally. In other words, for the third wiring path P3 in the first wiring circuit, when currents flow from the first terminal 14a to the first battery interface 151, when the battery cell 14 is charging, the first switch S1 can be turned on or off; and when current flows from the first battery interface 151 to the first terminal 14a, when the battery cell 14 is discharged, the first switch S1 may be turned on or off.

In addition, the first charge control terminal CO1 and the first discharge control terminal DO1 are both electrically connected to the second switch S2 and configured to output a protection signal to control the second switch S2 to be turned on or off.

The second switch S2 in the first switching unit 1533 includes a third control terminal SC3, a fourth control terminal SC4, a third conductive terminal SD3, and a fourth conductive terminal SD4.

The third control terminal SC3 is electrically connected to the first discharge control terminal DO1, the fourth control terminal SC4 is electrically connected to the first control terminal CO1, the third conductive terminal SD3 is electrically connected to terminal 14a, and the fourth conductive terminal SD4 is electrically connected to the second battery interface 152 using the second block 1543 switching.

The protection signal is output by the first protection control unit 1531 from the first charge control terminal CO1, and the first discharge control terminal DO1 controls the second switch S2 to be turned on or off using the third control terminal SC3 and the fourth control terminal SC4. When the second switch, S2, is turned on under the control of the protection signal, the third conductive terminal SD3 and the fourth conductive terminal SD4 are electrically turned on. When the second switch S2 under the control of the protection signal is turned off, the third conductive terminal SD3 and the fourth conductive terminal SD4 are electrically turned off.

In this embodiment, the second switch S2 may be turned on bidirectionally. In other words, for the fourth wiring path P4 in the second wiring circuit, when currents flow from the first terminal 14a to the second battery interface 152, when the battery cell 14 is being charged, the second switch S2 can be turned on or off; and when current flows from the second battery interface 152 to the first terminal 14a, when the battery cell 14 is being discharged, the first switch S1 may be turned on or off.

The second protection control unit 1541 includes a second voltage detection terminal PV2, a second current detection terminal PI2, a second charge control terminal CO2, and a second discharge control terminal DO2.

Specifically, the second voltage detection terminal PV2 is electrically connected to the third voltage detection resistor RV3 and the fourth voltage detection resistor RV4, and is configured to detect the voltage.

The second current detection terminal PI2 is electrically connected to the first current detection resistor RI1 and the second current detection resistor RI2, and is configured to detect the current.

The second 1541 protection control unit determines whether the voltage detected by the second voltage detection terminal PV2 and the current detected by the second current detection terminal PI2 exceed the threshold ranges. When the voltage or current exceeds the threshold range, the second protection control unit 1541 outputs a protection signal from the second charge control terminal CO2 and from the second discharge control terminal DO2.

The second charge control terminal CO2 and the second discharge control terminal DO2 are both electrically connected to the third switch S3 and configured to output a protection signal to control the third switch S3 to be on or off.

In this embodiment, the third switch S3 in the second switching unit 1543 includes a fifth control terminal SC5, a sixth control terminal SC6, a fifth conductive terminal SD5, and a sixth conductive terminal SD6.

The fifth control terminal SC5 is electrically connected to the second discharge control terminal DO2, the sixth control terminal SC6 is electrically connected to the second charge control terminal CO2, the fifth conductive terminal SD5 is electrically connected to the second conductive terminal SD2 of the first switch S1, and the sixth conductive terminal SD6 is electrically connected to the first 151 battery interface.

The protection signal is output by the second protection control unit 1541 from the second charge control output CO2, and the second discharge control output DO2 controls the third switch S3 to be turned on or off using the fifth control output SC5 and the sixth control output SC6. When the third switch S3 is turned on under the control of the protection signal, the fifth conductive terminal SD5 and the sixth conductive terminal SD6 are electrically turned on. When the third switch S3 is turned off under the control of the protection signal, the fifth conductive terminal SD5 and the sixth conductive terminal SD6 are electrically turned off.

In this embodiment, the third switch S3 may be turned on bidirectionally. In other words, for the third conductive path P3 in the first conductive circuit, when the battery cell 14 is being charged or discharged, the third switch S3 may be turned on or off.

In addition, the second charge control terminal CO2 and the second discharge control terminal DO2 are both electrically connected to the fourth switch S4 and configured to output a protection signal to control the fourth switch S4 to be on or off.

The fourth switch S4 in the second switching unit 1543 includes a seventh control terminal SC7, an eighth control terminal SC8, a seventh conductive terminal SD7, and an eighth conductive terminal SD8.

The seventh control terminal SC7 is electrically connected to the second discharge control terminal DO2, the eighth control terminal SC8 is electrically connected to the second charge control terminal CO2, the seventh conductive terminal SD7 is electrically connected to the fourth conductive terminal SD4 of the second switch S2, and the eighth conductive terminal SD8 is electrically connected to the second interface. 152 batteries.

The protection signal is output by the second protection control unit 1541 from the second charge control terminal CO2, and the second discharge control terminal DO2 controls the fourth switch S4 to be turned on or off using the seventh control terminal SC7 and the eighth control terminal SC8. When the fourth switch S4 is turned on under the control of the protection signal, the seventh conductive terminal SD7 and the eighth conductive terminal SD8 are electrically turned on. When the fourth switch S4 is turned off under the control of the protection signal, the seventh conductive terminal SD7 and the eighth conductive terminal SD8 are electrically turned off.

In this embodiment, the fourth switch S4 may be turned on bidirectionally.

In this embodiment, the first battery protection board 15 may further comprise an anti-counterfeiting unit 155. The anti-counterfeiting unit 155 is electrically connected to the second conductive path P2 and is configured to detect the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current that the battery cell 14 can withstand in order to avoid damage to the battery cell 14 due to a mismatch between the battery cell 14 and the battery cell voltage or current. battery element.

With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the operation of the first protection board 15 in the battery module 100 will be specifically described when the battery cell 14 is charged (storage electric power) and discharged (releases electric power).

The process in which the battery cell 14 is charged is represented as follows.

The battery cell voltage and the battery cell current that are output by the third circuit board 13 from the first conductive interface 131 and from the second conductive interface 132 are transmitted to the first battery interface 151 and the second battery interface 152 of the first battery protection board 15.

For the first conductive circuit corresponding to the first battery interface 151, the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current are transmitted from the first battery interface 151 to terminal 14b via the first conductive path P1.

The battery cell voltage charges the first capacitor C1 through the first voltage detection resistor RV1. When the charge voltage of the first capacitor C1 reaches the conduction threshold voltage Vth of the first switch S1, the first protection control unit 1531 outputs a conduction signal to the first charge control terminal CO1 to control the first switch S1 to be in the on state.

The battery cell voltage charges the second capacitor C2 through the third voltage detection resistor RV3. When the charging voltage of the second capacitor C2 reaches the conduction threshold voltage Vth of the third switch S3, the second protection control unit 1541 outputs a conduction signal to the second charge control terminal CO2 to control the third switch S3 to be in the on state.

Inside the battery cell 14, the battery cell current is transmitted from the terminal 14b to the terminal 14a, transmitted from the terminal 14a to the first conductive terminal SD1 of the first switch S1 through the first current detection resistor RI1, and then transmitted to the second conductive terminal SD2.

Since the third switch S3 is also in the on state, and the fifth conductive terminal SD5 of the third switch S3 is electrically connected to the second conductive terminal SD2, the battery cell current is transmitted to the first battery interface 151 through the second conductive terminal SD2, the fifth conductive terminal SD5, and the sixth conductive terminal SD6 . Thus, the battery cell 14 is charged in the first conductive circuit.

Similarly, for the second conductive circuit corresponding to the second battery interface 152, the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current are transmitted from the second battery interface 152 to terminal 14c via the second conductive path P2.

The battery cell voltage charges the first capacitor C1 through the second voltage detection resistor RV2. When the charging voltage of the first capacitor C1 reaches the conduction threshold voltage Vth of the second switch S2, the first protection control unit 1531 outputs a conduction signal to the first charge control terminal CO1 to control the second switch S2 to be in the on state.

The battery cell voltage charges the second capacitor C2 through the fourth voltage detection resistor RV4. When the charging voltage of the second capacitor C2 reaches the conduction threshold voltage Vth of the fourth switch S4, the second protection control unit 1541 outputs a conduction signal to the second charge control terminal CO2 to control the fourth switch S4 to be in the on state.

Inside the battery cell 14, the battery cell current is transmitted from the terminal 14c to the terminal 14a, transmitted from the terminal 14a to the third conductive terminal SD3 of the second switch S2 through the second current detection resistor RI2, and then transmitted to the fourth conductive terminal SD4.

Since the fourth switch S4 is also in the on state and the seventh conductive terminal SD7 of the fourth switch S4 is electrically connected to the third conductive terminal SD3, the battery cell current is transmitted to the second battery interface 152 through the third conductive terminal SD3, the seventh conductive terminal SD7 and the eighth conductive terminal SD8. Thus, the battery cell 14 is charged in the second conductive circuit.

In the charging process, when the voltage and current on the first wiring path P1 or the second wiring path P2 exceed the respective threshold ranges, that is, when overvoltage or undervoltage and overcurrent occur, the first protection control unit 1531 and the second protection control unit 1541 perform protection of the battery cell 14 . Here, the following values are used as an example: the undervoltage threshold corresponding to the first protection control block 1531 is 2.4V, the overvoltage threshold corresponding to the first protection control block 1531 is 4.422V, the undervoltage threshold corresponding to the second protection control block 1541 , is 2.2 V, and the overvoltage threshold corresponding to the second protection control unit 1541 is 4.45 V.

Namely, when an undervoltage occurs on the first wiring path P1 or the second wiring path P2, for example, when the voltage of the battery cell 14 is less than 2.4 V, the first protection control unit 1531 outputs a protection signal to the first charge control terminal CO1 to control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in the off state (that is, the disconnected state), thus turning off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

When an overvoltage occurs on the first wiring path P2 or the second wiring path P1, for example, when the voltage of the battery cell 14 is greater than 4.422 V, the first protection control unit 1531 outputs a protection signal to the first charge control terminal CO1 to control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be off, thus turning off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

If the first protection control unit 1531 fails, that is, the first protection control unit 1531 cannot cut off the first conductive circuit or the second conductive circuit in a timely and accurate manner when the battery cell 14 experiences overvoltage or undervoltage, the second protection control unit 1541 can timely and exactly disconnect the first conductive circuit or the second conductive circuit.

For example, if the first protection control unit 1531 fails when the voltage of the battery cell 14 is less than 2.2 V, the second protection control unit 1541 outputs a protection signal to the second charge control output CO2 to control the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, which should be in the off state, thus turning off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

If the first protection control unit 1531 fails when the voltage of the battery cell 14 is greater than 4.45 V, the second protection control unit 1541 outputs a protection signal to the second charge control output CO2 to control the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in the off state. , thus turning off the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit.

Similarly, when overcurrent or undercurrent occurs in the third conduction path P3 or the fourth conduction path P4, the operating principles of the first protection control unit 1531 and the second protection control unit 1541 are the same as those used when an overvoltage or overvoltage occurs on a battery cell. reduced voltage. The details are not re-described here.

The process in which the battery cell 14 is discharged is described below.

Inside the battery cell 14, the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current are supplied from terminal 14a to terminal 14b and to terminal 14c separately.

For the first conductive circuit corresponding to the first battery interface 151, the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current are transmitted from terminal 14b to the first battery interface 151 via the first conductive path P1, and then transmitted from the first battery interface 151 to the first terminal 14a via the third switch S3 and the first switch S1. Thus, in the first conductive circuit, the battery cell 14 is discharged to the first battery interface 151.

Similarly, for the second conductive circuit corresponding to the second battery interface 152, the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current are transmitted from terminal 14c to the second battery interface 152 via the second conductive path P2, and then transmitted from the second battery interface 152 to the first terminal 14a via the fourth switch. S4 and the second switch S2. Thus, in the second conductive circuit, the battery cell 14 is discharged to the second battery interface 152.

During the discharge process, when the voltage and current of the first path P1, the second path P2, the third path P3 or the fourth path P4 exceed the respective threshold ranges, that is, when overvoltage or undervoltage and overcurrent or undercurrent occur. current, the first protection control unit 1531 and the second protection control unit 1541 perform protection of the battery cell 14 . The protection procedure is similar to the protection procedure during the charging process. The details are not re-described here.

For the battery cell circuit when charging the battery module 10 shown in FIG. 1-5, one battery cell 14 may include at least two conductive circuits for charging and discharging. This improves the charging efficiency. When the battery cell 14 is compared with a battery cell with a single conductive circuit, the charging time is reduced by at least half, and in addition, the current experienced by each terminal is also relatively reduced, and therefore the amount of heat generated by each terminal is also effectively reduced, that is , the amount of heat generated by each terminal can be controlled while realizing high charging efficiency.

For example, when a battery cell has only two terminals, a current of 12 A is used for charging and the impedance of the protection board is 20 mΩ, the amount of heat generated by the terminals and the protection board is P=I ² R=144x20=2.88 W.

However, for the battery cell 14 in this embodiment, since the battery cell 14 has three terminals and at least two conductive circuits, each conductive circuit has a current of 6A after current sharing. protection board is P=2xI ² R=2x36x20=1.44 W. It can be understood that the total amount of heat generated is reduced by half (reduction from 2.88 W to 1.44 W).

In FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a battery module 100 according to another embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery module 100 has a structure substantially the same as that of the battery module 100 shown in FIG. 4A, and the only difference is that the first battery protection board 15 contains only the first protection circuit 153 and does not contain the second protection circuit 154. As previously described, the second protection circuit serves as a back-up to the first protection circuit. If the first protection circuit fails, the second protection circuit can perform voltage protection and current protection for the battery cell. Therefore, solutions in embodiments of the invention can also be implemented when there is only one protection scheme. Alternatively, in order to further improve the reliability of the protection, the number of protection circuits can also be increased. For example, battery module 100 may include three, four, or more protection circuits. For the newly added protection scheme, refer to the structures and arrangements that the first protection scheme and the second protection scheme have.

In FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a charging module 30 according to another embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the circuitry of the charging module 30 is basically the same as that of the charging module 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the difference is as follows: The first protection board 11 lacks the first voltage conversion unit C1, and the second voltage conversion unit C2 is located on the third circuit board 13. The second voltage conversion unit C2 directly converts the first charge voltage into a battery cell voltage and supplies the cell voltage batteries to the first battery interface 151 and to the second battery interface 152 separately. The second voltage conversion unit C2 in this embodiment has a higher voltage conversion efficiency than the voltage conversion units C1 and C2 in the charging module 10. For example, the conversion efficiency can be doubled. For example, if the voltage conversion units C1 and C2 in the charging module 10 both have a 2:1 charger IC, the second voltage conversion unit C2 in this embodiment may be a 4:1 charger IC.

In FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a battery module 400 in a charging module 40 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the circuit of the battery module 400 is basically the same as that of the battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, and the difference is that terminal 14a in battery cell 14 has positive polarity, while terminal 14b and terminal 14c in battery cell 14 have negative polarity.

In FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a charging module 50 according to another embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the circuitry 500 of the battery module in the charging module 50 is similar to that of the battery module 100 in the charging module 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the difference is that the battery cell 14 in the battery module 500 has four terminals, and the two first battery protection boards 15 and the first battery interface 151 and the second battery interface 152 are arranged separately on two opposite sides of the battery cell 14.

Specifically, these four leads are separate leads 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d. Terminal 14a and terminal 14b are located on the second side 142 of the battery cell 14, and terminal 14c and terminal 14d are located on the first side 141 of the battery cell 14. Pin 14a and pin 14c are of the first polarity, and pin 14b and pin 14d are of the second polarity. In this embodiment, the first polarity is negative polarity and the second polarity is positive polarity.

Further, in this embodiment, the first voltage conversion unit C1 is omitted from the first circuit board 11, and the second voltage conversion unit C2 is located on the third circuit board 13. The second voltage conversion unit C2 directly converts the first charge voltage into a battery cell voltage and separately supplies the battery cell voltage to the first battery interface 151 and to the second battery interface 152. For example, the second voltage conversion unit C2 may be a 4:1 charger IC.

In FIG. 10 is a block diagram of charging module 50. As shown in FIG. 10, two first battery protection boards 15 are located on the first side 141 and the second side 142 of the battery cell 14, respectively. In other words, one first battery protection board 15 is electrically connected to terminal 14a and terminal 14b, and the other first battery protection board 15 is electrically connected to terminal 14c and terminal 14d.

More specifically, in FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of the construction of the battery module 500 and FIG. 12 schematically shows the construction of one of the first battery protection boards 15 .

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the first battery protection board 15 located on the second side 142 of the battery cell 14 is electrically connected to the first battery protection interface 151, terminal 14a and terminal 14b, and they form a first conductive circuit; and the first battery protection board 15 located on the first side 141 of the battery cell 14 is electrically connected to the second battery interface 152, terminal 14c and terminal 14d, and they form a second conductive circuit.

As shown in FIG. 12, the first battery protection board 15 includes two protection circuits 153 and 154. Protection circuits 153 and 154 perform voltage protection and current protection for conductive circuits. For specific operating principles, refer to the description in the previous embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, these two protection circuits 153 and 154 are both electrically connected to the first battery interface 151. In another battery protection board, both protection circuits are electrically connected to the second battery interface 152. It should be understood that these two protection circuits 153 and 154 serve as a backup for each other. Therefore, it is alternatively possible that only one protection circuit is located on one battery protection board, or more than one protection circuit is located on one battery protection board.

In FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a charging module 60 according to another embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 13, the battery module 600 contained in the charging module 60 is similar to the battery module 100 contained in the charging module 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the difference is that the battery cell 14 in the battery module 600 contains six terminals, two battery protection boards, and four battery interfaces. To be specific, compared to battery module 100, battery module 600 has three more terminals, one more battery protection board, and two more battery interfaces. It should be understood that the battery module 600 may be equivalent to two three-terminal batteries, but has only one battery cell case.

Specifically, compared to the battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, the battery module 600 contained in the charging module 60 contains more components. Based on the battery module 100, as shown in FIG. 13, the battery module 600 further includes a second battery protection board 16, a third battery interface 156, and a fourth battery interface 157, which are located on the first side 141 of the battery cell 14. The circuit structure, connection method, and operation principle of the second battery protection board 16 are completely the same as those of the first battery protection board 15 .

In addition, compared with the charging module 10, the charging module 60 has an additional voltage conversion unit C3 on the printed circuit board. As shown in FIG. 13, the first circuit board 11 includes a third voltage conversion unit C3. The third battery interface 156 and the fourth battery interface 157 are separately electrically connected to the third voltage conversion unit C3 on the first circuit board 11 to transmit voltage and current to the battery cell 14. The third voltage conversion unit C3 may be the same as the second voltage conversion unit C2 on the third circuit board. It should be noted that in another embodiment, the third voltage conversion unit C3 or the second voltage conversion unit C2 C2 may be replaced by two or more low conversion efficiency conversion units. For example, one 4:1 charger IC (C3 or C2) can be replaced by two or three 2:1 charger ICs. For example, three 2:1 charger ICs are used to implement two step down voltages in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, while in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, one 4:1 charger IC is used for voltage step down. In the charging module 60, voltage and current are externally received at the first transmission interface 111 and then divided and transmitted to the third voltage conversion unit C3 on the first printed circuit board 11 and to the second voltage conversion unit C2 on the third printed circuit board 13. For the subsequent process, see the description of the previous ones. embodiments of the invention (variants shown in Fig. 1-8) battery cell with three leads.

In FIG. 14A is a block diagram of the battery module 600 in the charging module 60 shown in FIG. 13. As shown in FIG. 14A, in addition to terminal 14a, terminal 14b, and terminal 14c, which are located on the second side 142, battery cell 14 further includes terminal 14d, terminal 14e, and terminal 14f, which are located on the first side 141. Terminal 14e, terminal 14f, and terminal 14b have the same polarity as pin 14c, and pin 14d has the same polarity as pin 14a. Lead 14e and lead 14f are located on the left and right sides of lead 14d at a predetermined distance. The construction and arrangement that terminal 14d, terminal 14e, and terminal 14f have are the same as in the previous embodiment, terminal 14a, terminal 14b, terminal 14c.

In FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of the battery module 600 in the charging module 60 shown in FIG. 13. As shown in FIG. 15, the second battery protection board 16 is located on the first side 141 of the battery cell 14, is configured to receive the battery cell voltage and the battery cell current from the first circuit board 11, and is electrically connected to terminal 14d, terminal 14e, and terminal 14f using the third interface 156. batteries and the fourth battery interface 157. Since the circuit design, connection method, and operation principle that are related to the second battery protection board 16 are the same as the first battery protection board 15, the specific connection method of the second battery protection board 16 in this embodiment is not described again.

It should be noted that in the decision to implement a four-terminal battery cell or a six-terminal battery cell, during charging, the upper and lower ends of the battery cell may be used, that is, four terminals or six terminals are all used for charging; and during discharge it may happen that only the terminals and the circuit which are at one end of the battery cell are used. For example, when a battery cell with four terminals is being discharged, it may happen that only two terminals are used for discharge (for example, one positive terminal and one negative terminal, which are connected to the third circuit board). When a battery cell with six terminals is being discharged, it may also happen that only the circuit formed by some of the terminals is used for discharge. Of course, it may alternatively happen that all the terminals are used for the discharge.

As shown in FIG. 14B, another embodiment of the invention further provides a five terminal battery module (may be referred to as a five terminal battery module). Compared to the six terminal battery module shown in FIG. 14A, the five-terminal battery module also includes two battery protection boards and four battery interfaces, and the difference is that one side of the battery cell of the five-terminal battery module contains three terminals, and the other side of the battery cell contains two terminals. For the structure and corresponding circuit of circuits that have three terminals, refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1-8. For the structure and corresponding circuit structure that have these two pins, refer to the description of the two pins in the four pin structure shown in FIG. 9-12. It should be understood that a six-terminal battery module may be equivalent to two three-terminal batteries, but has only one battery cell case; a battery module with four terminals can be equivalent to two batteries with two terminals, but has only one battery cell case; and the five-terminal battery module can be equivalent to one three-terminal battery and one two-terminal battery, but has only one battery cell case.

In a battery module with five terminals, it may happen that three terminals are located on one side of the battery cell case, and the other two terminals are located on the other side of the battery cell case. The two sides may be two opposite sides, two adjacent sides, or two spaced independent sides.

In another embodiment of the invention, based on the four terminal battery module in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9-12, the battery module may further comprise two more terminals, that is, another battery module with six terminals is provided. A six-terminal battery module can contain one battery cell case, six terminals, three battery protection boards, and six battery interfaces, that is, equivalent to three two-terminal battery modules. The provisions of these six conclusions are not limited. It may happen that every two leads are located on the side of the battery cell body, that is, the leads are located on each of the three sides of the battery cell body and two leads are located on each side with different polarities. Among these six terminals, three terminals have the first polarity and the other three terminals have the second polarity. Three leads with the same polarity are located on the same electrode plate.

Presented below are test data obtained while charging the existing dual terminal battery cell design and charging modules provided in the embodiments of the invention.

The test result of a charging module whose battery cell contains only two terminals (traditional technology) is shown below.

Charge current (A) Charge efficiency Total Power Consumption (W) 8 0.964 5.195 7 0.97 4.026 6 0.974 3.062 5 0.975 2.337 4 0.975 1.746 3 0.975 1.262

The test result of the charging module 100 (three terminals) in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 is given below.

Charge current (A) Charge efficiency Total Power Consumption (W) 13 0.98 5.503 12 0.98 4.799 10 0.98 3.615 8 0.98 2.615 6 0.98 1.799 4 0.98 1.167

The test result of the charging module 500 (four pins) in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 9 below.

Charge current (A) Charge efficiency Total Power Consumption (W) 16 0.98 6.430 14 0.98 5.180 12 0.98 4.073 10 0.98 3.111 8 0.98 2.292 6 0.98 1.618

The test result of the charging module 600 (six terminals) in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 13 below.

Charge current (A) Charge efficiency Total Power Consumption (W) 24 0.98 8.105 20 0.98 6.054 16 0.98 4.313 14 0.98 3.559 12 0.98 2,883 10 0.98 2.284

The following can be derived from the above test results.

When the first charge current (charge current supplied from outside) is 8A, for the existing solution in which the battery cell has only two terminals, the total power consumption of the battery cell is 5.195 W, while the total power consumption of the charging module containing three terminals is embodiment of the invention is only 2.615 W, and the total power consumption of the four-terminal charging module in the embodiment of the invention is only 2.292 W.

When the first charging current is 12A, the total power consumption of the three-terminal charging module in the embodiment is 4.799W, the total power consumption of the four-terminal charging module in the embodiment is 4.073W, and the total power consumption of the charging module , containing six conclusions, in the embodiment of the invention is 2.883 watts.

Compared with the conventional technology, the power consumption of the charging modules in the embodiments of the invention is greatly reduced, and the charge rate is effectively increased. Therefore, when the power consumption requirement is met, the charging modules provided in the embodiments of the invention can perform fast charging at a high power level. For example, if the total power consumption is required to be approximately 5-6W, the three-terminal solution in the embodiments of the invention can support a current of approximately 12A to 13A, i.e., can support a charging power of approximately 60W to 65W (12A x 5V = 60W, 13A x 5V = 65W) (charge voltage is 5V); the four terminal solution in the embodiments of the invention can support a current of about 14A to 16A, that is, can support a charge power of about 70W to 90W; and the six-terminal solution in the embodiments of the invention can support a current of approximately 20A, that is, it can support a charge power of approximately 100W. In the solutions provided in the embodiments of the invention, the power consumption corresponding to the six-terminal solution is lower than the power consumption corresponding to the four-terminal solution, and the power consumption corresponding to the four-terminal solution is lower than the power consumption corresponding to the three-terminal solution. conclusions. In other words, a six-terminal solution can support a higher power charge than a four-terminal solution, and a four-terminal solution can support a higher power charge than a three-terminal solution.

Below in the embodiments of the invention describes the structure of the cell 14 of the battery.

The battery cell may contain two electrode plates. Each electrode plate contains an active area (Active Area, AA) and, in addition, may contain the surrounding space (ie, inactive area, Non active Area, NA). The active regions AA are coated with conductive materials. The conductive materials that cover the active areas of the two electrode plates work together to store and release electrical energy. The two electrode plates have different polarities. Each electrode plate has one or more leads. Two electrode plates are twisted together to form a battery cell. The terminals on the electrode plates are the terminals of the battery cell. Based on the number of terminals required for the battery cell, an appropriate number of terminals are arranged on the electrode plates.

In FIG. 16A is an expanded block diagram of a three-terminal battery cell 14 according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 16A, battery cell 14 includes two electrode plates having different polarities, namely, electrode plate 144 and electrode plate 145. For example, electrode plate 144 has a first polarity and electrode plate 145 has a second polarity; or the electrode plate 144 has a second polarity and the electrode plate 145 has a first polarity.

The electrode plate 144 includes a first active region AA1 and two first inactive regions NA1.

The first active area AA1 is covered with the first conductive material M1. The first two inactive areas NA1 are located on two opposite sides of the first active area AA1. One pin is located on each first inactive area NA1, such as pins 14b and 14c shown in FIG. 16A.

The electrode plate 145 includes a second active region AA2 and two second inactive regions NA2. Alternatively, in another implementation, the electrode plate 145 may contain only one inactive area NA2 (not shown in the drawing).

The second active area AA2 is covered with a second conductive material M2. Two second inactive areas NA2 are located on two opposite sides of the second active area AA2. One terminal is located in one of the second inactive areas NA2, for example terminal 14a.

The first conductive material M1 and the second conductive material M2 work together to store and release electrical energy.

In FIG. 17 is a plan view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 16A. As shown in FIG. 17, the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together. Lead 14a and lead 14b are located side by side within the twisted structure, and together with the wound electrode plate 144 and electrode plate 145, lead 14c is located at the outer edge of the twisted structure.

In FIG. 18 is a schematic frontal view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 16A. The two leads 14b and 14c are located on the left and right sides of the lead 14a.

In embodiments of the invention, terminal 14b and terminal 14c are the same. Pin 14b and pin 14c are only used to distinguish between identifiers. In other words, in embodiments of the invention, the positions of pin 14b and pin 14c can be interchanged.

In FIG. 16A and FIG. 17 shows simply schematic structures of a battery cell with three terminals. In another implementation, the three-terminal battery cell may alternatively be of a different design. In the structure, the two terminals on the electrode plate 144 may be located in various other positions.

For example, two leads may be located in inactive areas at the two ends of the electrode plate 144, as shown in FIG. 16A.

Alternatively, for these two leads, it may be that one lead is located in the inactive area at one end of the electrode plate 144 and the other lead is located in the active area AA of the electrode plate 144. As shown in FIG. 19, terminal 14b is located in the inactive area NA1 of the electrode plate 144 (left or right end of the electrode plate 144), and terminal 14c is located in the first active area AA1 of the electrode plate 144.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 16B, it may be that lead 14b and lead 14c are both located in the first active area of the electrode plate 144. When both leads are located in the active area of the electrode plate, the two leads may or may not be connected. As shown in FIG. 16C, the end at which terminal 14b is located and located on the electrode plate is connected to the end at which terminal 14c is located and located on the electrode plate. Externally, these two leads are separated, but inside the electrode plate, these two leads can be connected.

The lead can be located in the active area AA of the electrode plate 144 in the following two ways. According to one method, after the active area AA1 is covered with a conductive material, a portion of the conductive material at a predetermined location is removed, and then the lead is electrically positioned at the predetermined location, for example, the lead may be welded to the electrode plate. According to another method, the terminal is electrically connected to the electrode plate, and then the electrode plate is covered with a conductive material in addition to the location of the terminal.

In FIG. 20 is a plan view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 19. As seen in FIG. 20, the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together. Lead 14a and lead 14c are positioned side by side within the twisted structure, and with the wound electrode plate 144 and electrode plate 145, lead 14b is located elsewhere on the twisted structure. For the battery cell front structure 14 shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, refer to FIG. 18.

Alternatively, terminal 14b and terminal 14c may both be located in the active area AA. For example, terminal 14b and terminal 14c are both located in the active area AA1 of the electrode plate 144.

Alternatively, terminal 14a on the electrode plate 145 and terminal 14c on the electrode plate 144 may both be located separately in the active regions AA. As shown in FIG. 21, terminal 14a is located in the active area AA2 of the electrode plate 145, and terminal 14c is located in the active area AA1 of the electrode plate 144.

In another embodiment, the lead on the electrode plate 145 may alternatively be located at other locations along the electrode plate. The lead may be located in an inactive region at either end of the electrode pads 145, as shown in FIG. 16A. Alternatively, the lead may be located in the active area of the electrode plate 145. As shown in FIG. 21, terminal 14a is located in the second active area AA2 of the electrode plate 145.

In FIG. 22 is a plan view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 21. As shown in FIG. 22, the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together. Lead 14a and lead 14c are located side by side in the twisted structure, and in electrode plate 144 and electrode plate 145 which are twisted, lead 14b is located elsewhere on the twisted structure. According to the frontal structure of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, refer to FIG. 18.

In embodiments of the invention, to form a battery cell with three terminals, one terminal is located on either electrode plate and two terminals are located on the other electrode plate. As shown in FIG. 23, terminal 14a may be disposed on electrode plate 144, and terminal 14b and terminal 14c may be disposed on electrode plate 145.

Alternatively, the plurality of terminals located on the electrode plate may face in different directions. As in the previous embodiments shown in FIG. 16A-22, terminal 14a, terminal 14b, and terminal 14c all face the same direction. As shown in the drawings, they are all facing upwards. In another embodiment, these three leads can be turned in other arbitrary directions.

For example, it may happen that any two of these three leads face in the same direction, while the others face in other directions. As shown in FIG. 23, lead 14b and lead 14a face in the same direction, that is, face up, as shown in the drawing, and lead 14c faces in a direction different from the direction in which lead 14b faces, that is, face down, as shown in the drawing. It should be understood that alternatively it may be that terminal 14b and terminal 14a both face downwards, while terminal 14c faces upwards. In FIG. 24 is a plan view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 23. In FIG. 25 is a schematic frontal view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 24.

In the previous embodiments shown in FIG. 16A-25, the terminals on the electrode plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the terminals of the battery cell. To be specific, if a battery cell has three terminals, there are also three terminals in total on the two electrode plates. In another embodiment, a plurality of terminals on the electrode plate may correspond to one terminal of a battery cell. As shown in FIG. 26, the electrode plate 144 may include a plurality of leads 14-1 (may also be referred to as sub-leads) and a plurality of leads 14-2. After the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are rolled together, the plurality of terminals 14-1 are superimposed on each other and electrically connected to form the battery cell terminal 14b, and the plurality of terminals 14-2 are superimposed on each other to form the cell terminal 14c batteries. Alternatively, the electrode plate 145 may also include a plurality of leads 14-3. After the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together, the plurality of terminals 14-3 are superimposed and electrically connected to form a battery cell terminal 14a. In this embodiment, the number and positions of the leads (sub-leads) on the electrode plates are not limited, as long as it is guaranteed that after the two electrode plates are twisted, the required number of leads at the required positions can be formed. Those skilled in the art can work out the number and positions of the pins based on the circuit design in the layout of the parts on the board. When the electrode pad contains a plurality of leads, these leads may be located in the active area of the electrode plate, may be located in the inactive area of the electrode plate, or it may happen that some of the leads are located in the active area and other leads are located in the inactive area. In FIG. 27 is a schematic three-dimensional construction of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 26. FIG. 28 is a left side view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 27. Main view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 26-28 is shown in FIG. 18.

In the previous embodiment, the battery cell has a wound design and contains two electrode plates twisted together. Alternatively, the internal structure of the battery cell may further comprise another electrode plate structure, such as a sandwich structure. For example, a battery cell may include a plurality of electrode plates 144 having a first polarity and a plurality of electrode plates 145 having a second polarity. The electrode plates 144 and the electrode plates 145 are laminated to form a battery cell. During the creation of the layers, the electrode plates 144 and the electrode plates 145 may be arranged in an alternating manner. To be specific, one electrode plate 145 is laid as a layer between two electrode plates 144 and one electrode plate 144 is laid as a layer between two electrode plates 145.

In embodiments of the invention to form a battery cell with three terminals, it may happen that two terminals are located on either side of any electrode plate, and one terminal is located on either side of the other electrode plate. In FIG. 29 is a schematic expanded block diagram of a battery cell 14 according to an embodiment of the invention. It may happen that the sub-terminal 14b-1 and the sub-terminal 14c-1 are located on the first side of each electrode pad 144, and the sub-terminal 14a-1 is located on each electrode pad 145. All of the electrode pads 144 and all of the electrode pads 145 are layered with each other. Sub-terminals 14b-1 on all electrode plates 144 are electrically connected (eg, welded together) to form battery cell terminal 14b, sub-terminals 14c-1 on electrode plates 144 are electrically connected to form battery cell terminal 14c, and sub-terminals 14a-1 on all electrode plates 145 are electrically connected to form a battery cell terminal 14a.

Alternatively, a plurality of sub-leads located on the electrode plate may face different directions. As shown in FIG. 29, sub-pin 14b-1, sub-pin 14c-1, and sub-pin 14a-1 all face up. In another embodiment, these three sub-pins may face in various arbitrary directions. For example, subterminal 14a-1 may be facing right or left.

The 3D structure diagram of a battery cell formed after electrode plates 144 and electrode plates 145 in FIG. 29 stacked in layers, shown in FIG. 27.

Alternatively, a plurality of sub-leads located on the same electrode plate may face different directions. For example, sub-terminal 14b-1 and sub-terminal 14c-1 on the electrode plate 144 face different directions. As shown in FIG. 30, sub-terminal 14b-1 and sub-terminal 14a-1 face up, and sub-terminal 14c-1 faces left. In FIG. 31 is a schematic three-dimensional construction of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 30. In FIG. 32 is a left side view of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 31. In FIG. 33 is a main view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 31.

In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 34, when the battery cell has six terminals, there are also six terminals in total on the two electrode plates. For example, as shown in FIG. 34, four leads having the same polarity are located on the electrode plate 144, and two leads having the same polarity are located on the electrode plate 145. In another embodiment, the plurality of sub-leads on the electrode plate may correspond to one battery cell terminal. . As shown in FIG. 35, the electrode plate 144 may include a plurality of sub-terminals 14-1, a plurality of sub-terminals 14-2, a plurality of sub-terminals 14-3, and a plurality of sub-terminals 14-4. After the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together, the plurality of sub-terminals 14-1 are superimposed on each other and electrically connected to form a battery cell terminal 14b, the plurality of sub-terminals 14-2 are superimposed on each other and electrically connected to form a cell terminal 14c batteries, a plurality of sub-terminals 14-3 are superimposed and electrically connected to form a battery cell terminal 14e, and a plurality of sub-terminals 14-4 are superimposed to form a battery cell terminal 14f.

Alternatively, the electrode plate 145 may also include a plurality of sub-leads 14-5. After the electrode plate 144 and the electrode plate 145 are twisted together, a plurality of sub-terminals 14-5 are superimposed on each other and electrically connected to form a battery cell terminal 14a, and a plurality of sub-terminals 14-6 are superimposed on each other and electrically connected to form a cell terminal 14d batteries.

In this embodiment, the number and locations of the leads on the electrode plates are not limited, as long as it is ensured that the required number of leads at the required locations can be formed after the two electrode plates are twisted. Those skilled in the art can work out the number and locations for pins based on the board design and the layout of the parts. When the electrode pad contains a plurality of leads, these leads may be located in the active area of the electrode plate, may be located in the inactive area of the electrode plate, or it may happen that some of the leads are located in the active area and other leads are located in the inactive area. In FIG. 36 schematically shows the front side of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 35.

Alternatively, in the battery cell 14, all terminals having the same polarity are electrically connected to each other within the battery cell housing so that the terminals having the same polarity have the same voltage. As shown in FIG. 37, on the electrode plate 144, two terminals 14b and 14d, which are located on different sides and facing in two opposite directions, are directly electrically connected on the electrode plate 144, or the two terminals 14b and 14d are formed together in the electrode plate 144. In the electrode plate 145, two terminals 14a and 14c, located along different sides and facing in two opposite directions, are directly electrically connected in the electrode plate 145, or the two terminals 14a and 14c are formed entirely in the electrode plate 145. In FIG. 38 schematically shows the frontal structure of the battery cell 14 shown in FIG. 37. In FIG. 37 and in FIG. 38 schematically shows a four-terminal design.

It should be noted that when the terminal is located in the active area AA of the electrode plate, it may happen that there is no inactive area in the electrode plate, or it may happen that the inactive area is located only at one end of the electrode plate.

It should be noted that in embodiments of the invention, the lead and the electrode plate may be two components and are connected by welding; or the lead and the electrode plate may be integrated and the lead formed by cutting the electrode plate based on the required position and the required amount.

It should be noted that in the multi-terminal battery modules of the embodiments of the invention, the plurality of terminals may be located anywhere on the battery cell body. In FIG. 39 shows the structures of some possible three terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 40 shows the structures of some exemplary four terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 41 shows the structures of some exemplary five terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 42 shows the structures of some exemplary six terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention.

It should be noted that in the battery modules provided in the embodiments of the invention, the design of the battery cell case is not limited. The battery cell body may have a conventional shape, such as a rectangular, square, or a shape like a rectangular or square. Alternatively, the battery cell housing may have an irregular shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 43, the battery cell case may be non-penetrating. The non-penetrating type battery cell case may be a non-penetrating type A case (the shape of the area is not limited) present in the battery cell case or on the edge of the battery cell case, where the aluminum plastic film of the battery at the location that corresponds to area A is provided without a through hole, but positive the electrode, the negative electrode and the battery separator which are in this position can be provided with a through hole. After the battery module is installed in the electronic device, the component of the electronic device may extend completely or partially into region A, but may not pass through the battery cell housing. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 44, the battery cell case may be of the penetrating type. The penetrating-type battery cell case may be a case with a through hole (area B) provided in the battery cell case or at the edge of the battery cell case, where the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the aluminum plastic film of the battery are in a position that corresponds to the area B, all provided with a through hole. After the battery module is installed in the electronic device, the electronic device component can pass through the area B in the battery. The main materials of the battery contain a plastic film, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a spacer.

In addition, in the battery modules provided in the embodiments of the invention, the shape of the battery cell body is not limited. The battery cell housing may have a different shape and a different distribution of terminals. In FIG. 45 shows the structures of some possible three terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 46 shows the structures of some exemplary four terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 47 shows the structures of some exemplary five terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 48 shows the structures of some exemplary six terminal battery modules according to an embodiment of the invention.

An embodiment of the invention further provides an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a functional circuit and a charging module as described in the previous embodiments. The charging module is configured to provide operating power to the functional circuit. An electronic device can be any portable device that can be charged, such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a wearable device (eg a smart watch or a smart bandana) or a tablet computer. When the electronic device is a mobile phone, the charging module receives electric power from an external power source and stores the electric power, and the battery module supplies power to another component of the mobile phone.

The charging circuits provided in the embodiments of the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the invention are described in this disclosure through specific examples. The previous descriptions of the embodiments are provided simply to help understand the method and the central idea of the invention. In addition, a person skilled in the art may make changes to specific embodiments and the scope of protection of the application in accordance with the principles of the invention. Therefore, the contents of the present description should not be construed as being limited to this application.

Claims (67)

1. Battery module containing the battery cell and the first battery protection board, while the battery cell comprises a battery cell case, a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal, wherein the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are electrically connected separately to the battery cell case, wherein the first terminal and the third terminal have a first polarity, and the second terminal has a second polarity ; the second terminal and the first terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body; the second terminal and the third terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body; And the first polarity is positive polarity and the second polarity is negative polarity; or the first polarity is a negative polarity and the second polarity is a positive polarity; the first battery protection board includes a first protection circuit, a first battery interface, and a second battery interface, the first battery interface and the second battery interface being electrically connected to a component outside the battery module; the first battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the first terminal using the first protection circuit, and the first battery interface, the first terminal, the battery cell body, the second terminal, and the first protection circuit constitute the first conductive circuit; the second battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the third terminal using the first protection circuit, and the second battery interface, the third terminal, the battery cell body, the second terminal, and the first protection circuit constitute the second conductive circuit; And the first protection circuit is configured to measure voltage and current in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit, and to disable the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit when the voltage or current exceeds a threshold range. 2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the first protection circuit comprises a first protection control unit, a first sampling unit and a first switching unit; wherein the first protection control unit is electrically connected separately to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, and the first protection control unit is configured to detect voltage in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit; the first sampling unit is electrically connected separately to the second terminal, the first protection control unit and the first switching unit, the first protection control unit being configured to detect current in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit using the first sampling unit; the first switching unit is electrically connected separately to the first protection control unit, the first sampling unit, the first battery interface and the second battery interface; And the first protection control unit is configured to control the switching unit to disconnect to disconnect the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit upon determining that the voltage or current in the first conductive circuit or in the second conductive circuit exceeds the first threshold range. 3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the first switching unit comprises a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being located in the first conductive circuit and the second switch being located in the second conductive circuit. 4. The battery module according to claim 2, in which the first protection circuit also contains a second protection control unit and a second switching unit; wherein the second protection control unit is electrically connected separately to the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit, and the second protection control unit is configured to measure the voltage in the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit; the second protection control unit is electrically connected to the first sampling unit and configured to detect current in the first conductive circuit and in the second conductive circuit using the first sampling unit; the second switching unit is electrically connected separately to the second protection control unit, the first switching unit, the first battery interface and the second battery interface; And the second protection control unit is configured to control the second switching unit for disconnection to disconnect the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit upon determining that the voltage or current in the first conductive circuit or in the second conductive circuit exceeds the second threshold range. 5. The battery module of claim 4, wherein the second switching unit comprises a third switch and a fourth switch, the third switch being located in the first conductive circuit and the fourth switch being located in the second conductive circuit. 6. The battery module according to claim. 1, in which the battery element has a collapsed design; wherein the battery cell comprises one first electrode plate having a first polarity and one second electrode plate having a second polarity; the first terminal and the third terminal are located on the first electrode plate, and the second terminal is located on the second electrode plate; And the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are coiled to form a three-terminal battery cell, the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal being at different locations on the battery cell. 7. The battery module according to claim. 1, in which the battery element has a layered structure; wherein the battery cell comprises at least two first electrode plates having a first polarity and at least two second electrode plates having a second polarity; the first sub-terminal and the third sub-terminal are located on each first electrode plate, and the second sub-terminal is located on each second electrode plate; And the first electrode plates and the second electrode plates are layered to form a battery cell, wherein all the first sub-leads are electrically connected to form a first lead, all second sub-leads are electrically connected to form a second lead, all third sub-leads are electrically connected to form a third lead, wherein the first lead, the second terminal and the third terminal are in different places on the battery cell. 8. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the end of the first terminal, which is located on the first electrode plate, is connected to the end of the third terminal, which is located on the first electrode plate. 9. Battery module containing battery cell, the first battery protection board and the second battery protection board, wherein the battery cell includes a battery cell body, a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, and a fourth terminal; the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are separately electrically connected to the battery cell body, the first terminal and the third terminal have a first polarity, and the second terminal and the fourth terminal have a second polarity; the second terminal and the first terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body; the fourth terminal and the third terminal together are capable of supplying voltage and current to the battery cell body, or are capable of outputting voltage and current from the battery cell body; and the first polarity is positive polarity and the second polarity is negative polarity; or the first polarity is a negative polarity and the second polarity is a positive polarity; the first battery protection board includes a first protection circuit and a first battery interface, and the second battery protection board includes a second protection circuit and a second battery interface; the first battery interface is electrically connected separately to the second terminal and the first terminal using the first protection circuit, the first battery interface, the first terminal, the battery cell body, the second terminal, and the first protection circuit constituting the first conductive circuit; the second battery interface is electrically connected separately to the third terminal and the fourth terminal using the second protection circuit, wherein the second battery interface, the third terminal, the battery cell body, the fourth terminal, and the second protection circuit constitute the second conductive circuit; the first protection circuit is configured to detect voltage and current in the first conductive circuit and disable the first conductive circuit when the voltage or current exceeds a threshold range; And the second protection circuit is configured to detect voltage and current in the second conductive circuit and disable the second conductive circuit when the voltage or current exceeds a threshold range. 10. The battery module according to claim. 9, in which the battery element has a folded design; wherein the battery cell housing includes one first electrode plate having a first polarity and one second electrode plate having a second polarity; the first terminal and the third terminal are located on the first electrode plate; the second output and the fourth output are located on the second electrode plate; And the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are coiled to form a four-terminal battery cell body, wherein the first lead, second lead, third lead, and fourth lead are located at different locations on the battery cell body. 11. The battery module according to claim 9, in which the battery cell housing has a layered structure; wherein the battery cell housing includes at least two first electrode plates having a first polarity and at least two second electrode plates having a second polarity; the first sub-terminal and the third sub-terminal are located on each first electrode plate; the second sub-terminal and the fourth sub-terminal are located on each second electrode plate; all first electrode plates and all second electrode plates are layered to form a battery cell body, wherein all first sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a first terminal, all second sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a second terminal, all third sub-terminals are electrically connected to form a third terminal, and all fourth the sub-pins are electrically connected to form a fourth pin; And the first terminal, the second terminal, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are located at different locations on the battery cell body. 12. Charging module containing a circuit board and a battery module according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11, wherein the printed circuit board is electrically connected to the battery module; And the circuit board is configured to receive a first charge voltage provided from outside, lower the first charge voltage to obtain a battery cell voltage, and output the battery cell voltage to the battery module. 13. Charging module according to claim 12, in which the printed circuit board contains the first printed circuit board and the third printed circuit board; wherein the first circuit board includes an interface configured to receive the first charge voltage, and the first circuit board is configured to convert the first charge voltage to a second charge voltage and transmit the second charge voltage to the third circuit board; And the third circuit board is electrically connected to the battery module and is configured to convert the second charge voltage into a battery cell voltage and output the battery cell voltage to the battery module. 14. The charging module of claim 12, wherein the ratio of the first charge voltage to the battery cell voltage is N:1, where N is greater than or equal to 2. 15. Charging module according to claim 14, in which N = 4. 16. The charging module according to claim 15, in which the printed circuit board contains a voltage conversion unit, while the voltage conversion unit is a 4:1 ratio charger IC and is configured to convert the first charge voltage into a battery cell voltage. 17. Charging module according to claim 15, in which the circuit board contains the first voltage conversion unit and the second voltage conversion unit; wherein the first voltage conversion unit is a 2:1 ratio charger IC, and the second voltage conversion unit is a 2:1 ratio charger IC; the first voltage conversion unit and the second voltage conversion unit are configured to convert the first charge voltage into a battery cell voltage. 18. An electronic device containing a functional circuit and a charging module according to any one of paragraphs. 12-17, wherein the charging module is configured to provide operating power to the functional circuit.

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