RU2795203C1 - Acoustic output devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sound emitters. The device contains the first vibration element, the second vibration element and the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element may cause the first vibration element and the second vibration element to vibrate in response to an electrical signal, wherein the first vibration element may be attached to a first attachment point on the piezoelectric element, the second vibration element may be attached to a second attachment point on the piezoelectric element at least through the first elastic element, the second vibration element can be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element at least through the second elastic element, and in the vibration direction of the second vibration element, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element may differ from the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element.

EFFECT: improved sound quality.

10 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present disclosure relates to the field of acoustic technology and, in particular, to an acoustic output device.

State of the art

The piezoelectric acoustic output device vibrates and emits sound waves using the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material. Compared with the traditional electrically driven speaker, the piezoelectric output device has the advantages of high electromechanical power conversion efficiency, low power consumption, small size and high integration. Given the trend towards miniaturization and integration of devices, the piezoelectric acoustic output device has an exceptionally broad perspective and future. However, the piezoelectric output device has problems such as low sensitivity in the mid-high frequency band (for example, in the frequency band from 500 Hz to 10 kHz) and many vibration modes in the auditory range of the human ear (for example, from 20 Hz to 20 kHz). ), which lead to poor sound quality.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a piezoelectric acoustic output device with increased sensitivity in the mid and high frequency band and to reduce the number of vibration modes thereof in the audible range, thereby improving the resulting sound quality of the acoustic output device.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an acoustic output device, the acoustic output device comprising: a first vibration element, a second vibration element, and a piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element driving the first vibration element and the second vibration element to generate vibration in response to an electrical signal, the first the vibrating element can be attached to the first attachment point on the piezoelectric element, the second vibration element can be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element through at least the first elastic element, the second vibration element can be attached to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element at least through the second elastic element, and in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element, the first coefficient of elasticity of the first elastic element may differ from the second coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic element.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device may further comprise a first connector and a second connector, wherein the first elastic element may be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element through the first connector, and the second elastic element may be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element through second connector.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the first elastic element may contain one or more first elastic rods, and the second elastic element may contain one or more second elastic rods.

In some embodiments, the number of one or more first resilient bars may be the same as the number of one or more second resilient bars.

In some embodiments, the length of each first elastic rod of said one or more first elastic rods may be different from the length of any second elastic rod of said one or more second elastic rods.

In some embodiments, the material of said one or more first resilient bars is different from the material of said one or more second resilient bars.

In some embodiments, the included angle of any two adjacent first resilient bars of said one or more first resilient bars may be different from the included angle of any two adjacent resilient bars of said one or more second resilient bars.

In some embodiments, the configuration of each first elastic rod of said one or more first elastic rods may be the same as the configuration of each second elastic rod of said one or more second elastic rods, and the number of one or more first elastic rods may be different from the number one or more second elastic rods.

In some embodiments, the second resilient element may further comprise a third connector, and the second vibrating element may further be connected to the third attachment site on the piezoelectric element through at least the third connector.

In some embodiments, the first resilient element may include one or more first resilient bars, the second resilient element may include a third connector, and the second vibratory element may be connected at a third attachment location on the piezoelectric element via a third connector.

In some embodiments, the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic element may be less than the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element, and the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element may be greater than 1×10 ⁴ N/m.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element to the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element may be greater than 10.

In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the second vibrating element, the first elastic element may have a third elastic coefficient, and the ratio of the third coefficient of elasticity to the first coefficient of elasticity may be greater than 1×10 ⁴ , or in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the second vibrating element element, the second elastic element may have a fourth elasticity coefficient, and the ratio of the fourth elasticity coefficient to the second elasticity coefficient may be greater than 1×10 ⁴ .

In some embodiments, the implementation of the vibration of the first vibration element and the second vibration element may form two resonant peaks within the range of hearing of the human ear.

In some embodiments, the second vibratory element, the first elastic element, and the second elastic element may resonate to form a resonant peak having the lower frequency of the two resonant peaks, and the piezoelectric element and the first vibratory element may resonate to form a resonant peak having a higher frequency. from these two resonant peaks.

In some embodiments, the frequency of the peak having the lower frequency of the two resonant peaks may be in the range of 50 Hz - 2 kHz, and the frequency of the peak having the higher frequency of the two resonant peaks may be in the range of 1 kHz - 10 kHz .

In some embodiments, the implementation of the piezoelectric element may contain a structure of the beam type, and the first attachment point may be in the center of the direction of stretching along the length of the structure of the beam type.

In some embodiments, the second attachment point and the third attachment point may be located respectively at two ends of the beam-type structure in the direction of its length extension.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the vibration may be transmitted to the user through the second vibration element via bone conduction.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the length of the piezoelectric element may be in the range from 3 mm to 30 mm.

In some embodiments, the piezoelectric element may comprise two layers of piezoelectric plates and a substrate, wherein the two layers of piezoelectric plates may be attached respectively to opposite sides of the substrate, and the substrate may vibrate based on stretching and compressing the two layers of piezoelectric plates in the direction of stretching along the length of the beam structure. type.

Additional features may be partially presented in the following description and may be apparent to those skilled in the art referring to the relevant descriptions and drawings, or may become apparent through the creation or operation of the examples. The features of the present disclosure can be implemented and obtained by the practical application and use of various approaches of the presented methods, tools and combinations set forth in the following detailed examples.

Brief description of the drawings

The present disclosure may be further described in accordance with exemplary embodiments. Exemplary embodiments may be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment is not limited to the exemplary embodiment, and therein, like reference numerals represent like structures in several views of the drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a construction of an exemplary acoustic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 are frequency responses of exemplary acoustic output devices when a vibration signal is output from the end of an elastic mass, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a construction of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a model of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a construction of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a construction of another exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; And

fig. 8 are frequency responses of exemplary acoustic output devices when a vibration signal is output from the end of an elastic mass, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Implementation of the invention

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions associated with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings referred to in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can apply this present disclosure to other similar situations based on these drawings and the foregoing without undue creative effort. Unless the context clearly implies otherwise, or unless the context indicates otherwise, the same reference numerals throughout the drawings refer to the same structures or operations.

It should be understood that the terms “system,” “device,” “unit,” and/or “module,” as used herein, are one way of recognizing various components, elements, parts, sections, or assemblies of various levels. However, these words may be replaced by other expressions if they serve the same purpose.

As shown in the present disclosure and claims, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise, the singular may include the plural. In general, the terms "comprise", "comprises" and/or "comprising", "include", "includes" and/or "comprising" simply imply the need to include steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements are not form an exclusive list. The methods or devices may also contain other steps or elements. The term “based on” means “based at least in part on”. The term “one of the embodiments” means “at least one embodiment”. The term “another embodiment” means “at least one other embodiment”.

In describing the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for the purpose of description only and should not be understood to indicate or imply the importance or implied indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly contain at least one of these features. In the description of the present disclosure, "many" means at least two, as well as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specified.

In this disclosure, unless specified or otherwise limited, the terms "connection", "attachment" and other terms should be interpreted in a broad sense. For example, the term “connection” may refer to a hard connection, a plug connection, an integration, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, and the like. The connection may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, an internal connection of two elements, or a relation of the relationship of two elements, unless otherwise indicated. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the terms given in the disclosure may be understood in accordance with the specific circumstances.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may represent an acoustic output device, wherein the acoustic output device may comprise a first vibration element, a second vibration element, and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element may oscillate the first vibrating element and the second vibrating element to vibrate in response to an electrical signal. The first vibration element may be attached at the first attachment point on the piezoelectric element, the second vibration element may be attached at the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element through at least the first resilient element, and the second vibration element may be attached at the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element along at least through the second elastic element. In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, in the direction of vibration of the second vibrating element, assuming the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic element is different from the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device in the medium and high frequency band (for example, 1 kHz-10 kHz) can be improved, thereby facilitating the use of an acoustic output device in specific scenarios.

The acoustic output device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below using the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may be a bone-conduction acoustic output device, an air-conduction acoustic output device, or a mixed bone-air-conduction acoustic output device. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may include a speaker, an earpiece, glasses, a hearing aid, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, and so on. or other devices with audio playback function (such as mobile phone, computer, etc.). In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may be an open type acoustic output device. As shown in FIG. 1, the acoustic output device 100 may include a first vibration element 110, a second vibration element 120, a piezoelectric element 130, a first elastic element 140, and a second elastic element 150.

Both the first vibration element 110 and the second vibration element 120 may be mass blocks of a certain weight. In some embodiments, the first vibration element 110 and/or the second vibration element 120 may include a vibration plate, a vibration diaphragm, or the like, such that the acoustic output device 100 can output vibration through the first vibration element 110 and/or through the second vibration element 120. In some embodiments, the mass block material may include, but is not limited to, a metal (eg, copper, iron, magnesium, aluminum, tungsten, etc.), an alloy (eg, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, tungsten alloy, and etc.), polymeric material (eg Teflon, silicone rubber, etc.). In some embodiments, the material of the first vibration element 110 and the material of the second vibration element 120 may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the weight of the first vibration element 110 and the weight of the second vibration element 120 may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the weight of the first vibration element 110 and/or the second vibration element 120 may be less than 10 g. In some embodiments, the weight of the first vibration element 110 and/or the second vibration element 120 may be less than 8 g. In some embodiments, the weight of the first vibration element 110 and/or second vibration element 120 may be less than 6 g. In some embodiments, the weight of first vibration element 110 and/or second vibration element 120 may be less than 5 g.

The piezoelectric element 130 may be an electrical energy conversion device that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy using the inverse piezoelectric effect. In some embodiments, the implementation of the piezoelectric element 130 may include piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric quartz, piezoelectric crystal, piezoelectric polymer and other materials with piezoelectric effects. In some embodiments, the piezoelectric element 130 may have a regular shape, such as a sheet shape, an angle shape, a prism shape, a rectangular shape, a column shape, a spherical shape, or any combination thereof, or may have other irregular shapes. In some embodiments, the implementation of the piezoelectric element 130 may contain a beam-type structure (for example, a structure in the form of a strip of a certain width) (as shown in Fig. 2 and 4). For example, the beam type structure may comprise two layers of piezoelectric plates and a substrate, and these two layers of piezoelectric plates may be respectively attached to opposite sides of the substrate. The substrate may vibrate (eg, vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate) based on the stretching and contraction of the two-layer piezoelectric plates in the stretching direction along the length of the beam type structure. As used herein, the stretch direction along the length of the beam-type structure of the piezoelectric element 130 may refer to the direction in which the size of the beam-type structure feature in that stretch direction is larger than the size of the beam-type structure feature in any other direction. In some embodiments, the beam-type structure may comprise a linear beam-type structure, a curved beam-type structure, and the like. The present disclosure may describe a linear beam type structure by way of example and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For a more detailed description of the beam type structure, refer to FIG. 2 and its descriptions.

The first vibration element 110 may be physically attached (e.g., glued, pressed, threaded, welded, etc.) to the first attachment location on the piezoelectric element 130. The second vibration element 120 may be attached to the second attachment location on the piezoelectric element 130 at least through the first elastic element 140 and be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through at least the second elastic element 150. In other words, one end of the first elastic element 140 can be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130, one end of the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130, and the other end of the first elastic element 140 and the other end of the second piezoelectric element 150 can be connected simultaneously to the second vibration element 120. The piezoelectric element 130 can be deformed by the drive voltage (or drive signal) and create vibration. The first vibrating element 110 and the second vibrating element 120 can respectively generate vibration in response to the vibration of the piezoelectric element 130. Specifically, the piezoelectric element 130 can directly transmit vibration to the first vibrating element 110, and the vibration of the piezoelectric element 130 can be transmitted to the second vibrating element 120 through the first control. ugh element 140 and the second elastic element 150. That is, the second vibration element 120 can receive the vibration transmitted simultaneously by the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150. In embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration element 110 directly connected to the piezoelectric element 130 may be referred to as the end of the mass, and the second vibration element 120 connected to the piezoelectric element 130 through the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150 may be referred to as the end of the elastic mass.

In some embodiments, the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150 may be attached to the same attachment point or to different attachment points of the second vibration element 120. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the first resilient member 140 and the second resilient member 150 may be simultaneously attached to the attachment point A in the middle of the second vibratory member 120. As another example, as shown in FIG. 5, the first elastic element 140 may be attached to the attachment point A' on the second vibration element 120, and the second elastic element 150 may be attached to the attachment point A'' of the second vibration element 120.

In some embodiments, if the piezoelectric element 130 comprises a beam type structure, the first attachment point may be located in the center of the stretch direction along the length of the beam type structure. The second attachment point and the third attachment point may be located at two ends of the beam-type structure in the direction of length extension, respectively. In some embodiments, the second attachment point and the third attachment point may be located at any two attachment points symmetrically or asymmetrically about the center of the stretch direction along the length of the beam-type structure. In some embodiments, the implementation of the piezoelectric element 130 may have a regular shape, such as a circle, triangle, pentagon, hexagon, or other irregular shape. For example, when the shape of the piezoelectric element 130 is a circle, the first attachment point may be the center of the circle, and the second attachment point and the third attachment point may be located at the two radial ends of the circle. As another example, when the shape of the piezoelectric element 130 is irregular, the first attachment point may be an irregularly shaped centroid, and the second attachment point and the third attachment point may be two attachment points, such as at irregularly shaped edges that are symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the centroid. In the present disclosure, for convenience of description, a piezoelectric element having a beam type structure may be taken as an example of the piezoelectric element 130.

In some embodiments, the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150 may be directly attached to the second attachment point and the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 (for example, using glue, welding, clamping, etc.). In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may further comprise a first connector and a second connector (not shown). The second vibration element 120 and the first elastic element 140 may be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through the first connector. The second vibration element 120 and the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through the second connector. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the second vibration element 120 and the first elastic element 140 may be connected to the first end (i.e., the second attachment point) on the piezoelectric element 130 through the first connector 182. The second vibration element 120 and the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the second end (then is, to the third attachment point) on the piezoelectric element 130 through the second connector 184.

In the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element 150 may be different. In some embodiments, the implementation of the material of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may be any material that has the ability to transmit vibration. For example, the material of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may be silicone, foam, plastic, rubber, metal, etc. or any combination of them. In some embodiments, the implementation of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may be components with high elasticity (ie, capable of undergoing elastic deformation). For example, the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may include a spring (eg, an air spring, a mechanical spring, an electromagnetic spring, and the like), a vibratory transmission portion, an elastic portion, a substrate, and so on. or any combination of them. In some embodiments, the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may comprise one or more elastic rods (eg, the first elastic rod and/or the second elastic rod shown in Fig. 4). The second vibration element 120 may be coupled to one or more resilient rods to implement connection to a second attachment location and/or a third attachment location on the piezoelectric element 130. In some embodiments, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 may be different from the second elasticity coefficient of the second of the elastic element 150 by adjusting the length, the material of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150, or the amount, length, material, included angle, etc. or any combination of elastic rods contained therein. For additional descriptions of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150, refer to other parts of the present disclosure (for example, to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and their descriptions), which are not repeated here.

In some embodiments, the vibration of the first vibration element 110 and the second vibration element 120 may form two resonant peaks in the audible frequency range of the human ear (eg, eg, 20 Hz - 20 kHz). Specifically, the second vibration element 120, the first elastic element 140, and the second elastic element 150 can resonate to form a first resonant peak (for example, the resonant peak indicated by the dotted circle M in Fig. 3) having a lower frequency (for example, 50 Hz - 2000 Hz) from two resonant peaks. The piezoelectric element 130 and the first vibration element 110 may resonate to form a second resonant peak (e.g., the resonant peak indicated by dashed circle N in FIG. 3) having a higher frequency (e.g., 1 kHz - 10 kHz) of the two resonant peaks. The frequency (also referred to as the second resonant frequency) corresponding to the second resonant peak may be higher than the frequency (also referred to as the first resonant frequency) corresponding to the first resonant peak.

In some embodiments, the frequency range of the first resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant peak and/or the second resonant frequency corresponding to the second resonant peak may be adjusted by changing the weight of the second vibratory element 120 and the spring rate (e.g., the first spring rate and/or the second coefficient of elasticity) of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the first resonant frequency may be equal to 20 Hz - 2000 Hz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the first resonant frequency may be 50 Hz-1500 Hz. In some embodiments, the first resonant frequency range may be 100 Hz - 1000 Hz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the first resonant frequency may be 150 Hz - 500 Hz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the first resonant frequency may be 150 Hz - 200 Hz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency corresponding to the second resonant peak can be adjusted by changing the performance parameters of the piezoelectric element 130.

In some embodiments, the performance parameters of the piezoelectric element 130 may include a geometric parameter, a material parameter, and the like. Exemplary geometric parameters may include thickness, length, and the like. Exemplary material parameters may include modulus of elasticity, density, and the like. In some embodiments, the implementation of the second resonant frequency may be the natural frequency of the piezoelectric element 130. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 1 kHz - 10 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 1 kHz - 9 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 1 kHz - 8 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 1 kHz - 7 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 1 kHz - 6 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 2 kHz - 5 kHz. In some embodiments, the frequency range of the second resonant frequency may be in the range of 3 kHz - 4 kHz.

In some embodiments, absorption may be added to one or more elements in acoustic output device 100 to produce smoother resonant peaks of acoustic output device 100. absorption (eg silicone, rubber, foam, etc.). As another example, the piezoelectric element 130 may be coated with an absorbent material. As another example, an absorbent or electromagnetically absorbent material may cover the first vibration element 110 and/or the second vibration element 120.

In some embodiments, the vibration of the piezoelectric element 130 (or the acoustic output device 100) may be transmitted to the user via bone conduction through the first vibrating element 110 and/or through the second vibrating element 120. For example, the second vibrating element 120 may be in direct contact with the user's scalp and vibration of the piezoelectric element 130 may be transmitted to the bones and/or muscles of the user's face via the second vibration element 120 and finally transmitted to the user's ears. As another example, the second vibration element 120 may not have direct contact with the human body, and the vibration of the piezoelectric element 130 may be transmitted to the shell of the acoustic output device through the second vibration element 120 and then transmitted to the bones and/or muscles of the user's face via the shell and finally transmitted to the user's ears. . In some embodiments, the vibration of the piezoelectric element 130 may also be transmitted to the user via air conduction through the first vibrating element 110 and/or through the second vibrating element 120. For example, the second vibrating element 120 may directly excite the air around it to form a vibration so as to transmit the vibration the user's ear through the air. As another example, the second vibrating element 120 may further be connected to the vibrating diaphragm and the vibration of the second vibrating element 120 may be transmitted to the vibrating diaphragm, and then the vibrating diaphragm excites the vibration to form a vibration transmitted to the wearer's ear through the air.

In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may further comprise shell structure 160. Shell structure 160 may be configured to carry other components of acoustic output device 100 (eg, first vibratory element 110, second vibratory element 120, piezoelectric element 130, first elastic element 140 or second elastic element 150, etc.). In some embodiments, the shell structure 160 may be a closed structure or a semi-enclosed structure with an opening inward, and other components of the acoustic output device 100 may be located within or on the shell structure 160. In some embodiments, the shell structure 160 may have a regular shape, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, and a round table, or an irregular three-dimensional shape. When the user wears the acoustic output device 100, the shell structures 160 may be positioned near the user's ear. For example, the shell structure 160 may be located on the peripheral side (eg, on the front side or on the back side) of the user's pinna. As another example, the shell structure 160 may be positioned on the user's ear without overlapping or obstructing the user's ear canal. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may be a bone conduction earpiece and at least one side of the shell structure 160 may be in contact with the wearer's skin. The acoustic driver components in the bone conduction earpiece (e.g., the combination of the piezoelectric element 130, the first vibrating element 110, the first elastic element 140, the second elastic element 150, and the second vibrating element 120) can convert the audio signal into mechanical vibration and the mechanical vibration can be transmitted to the user's auditory nerve through the shell and bone structure 160 of the user. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may be an air conduction earpiece, and at least one side of the shell structure 160 may or may not be in contact with the wearer's skin. The side wall of the shell structure 160 may include at least one sonic guide hole. The acoustic driver components in the air conduction earphone can convert the audio signal into air conduction sound, and the air conduction sound can be emitted towards the user's ear through the sound guide hole.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may include a mounting structure 170. The mounting structure 170 may be configured to mount the acoustic output device 100 near the user's ear. In some embodiments, the attachment structure 170 may be physically connected to the shell structure 160 of the acoustic output device 100 (eg, by means of an adhesive, welding, clip, or the like). In some embodiments, the shell structure 160 of the acoustic output device 100 may be part of the attachment structure 170. In some embodiments, the attachment structure 170 may include an earhook, a rear earhook, a resilient band, a goggle earhook, or the like, such that the acoustic output device 100 can be better fixed near the user's ear and prevent the acoustic output device 100 from falling when the user wears the acoustic output device 100. For example, the attachment structure 170 may be an earhook capable of being worn around the ear region. In some embodiments, the earhook may be of a continuous, hook-shaped design and tensioned to be worn on the wearer's ear. The earhook may also apply pressure to the wearer's pinna so that the acoustic output device 100 can be rigidly fixed in position on the wearer's ear or head. In some embodiments, the temple may be a multi-section strip. For example, the temple may include a rigid portion and a flexible portion. The rigid section may be made of a rigid material (eg, plastic or metal). The rigid portion may be attached to the shell structure 160 of the acoustic output device 100 by a physical connection (eg, snap connection, screw connection, etc.). The flexible portion may be made from a resilient material (eg, fabric, composite, and/or neoprene). As another example, the fastening structure 170 may be a neckband that can be worn around the neck/shoulder region. As another example, the fastening structure 170 may be a goggle ear that is part of the goggle and can be worn over the wearer's ear.

It should be noted that the above description of FIG. 1 may be used for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, guided by the present disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may further comprise one or more components (eg, signal transceiver, interface module, battery, etc.). In some embodiments, one or more components of acoustic output device 100 may be replaced by other elements capable of performing similar functions. For example, the acoustic output device 100 may not comprise the mounting structure 170 and the shell structure 160, or a portion thereof, may be a shell structure having a shape to fit the human ear (e.g., round ring, oval, polygon (regular or irregular), U-shape). , V-shape, and half-circle shape) so that the shell structure 160 can be hung near the user's ear. Such changes and modifications do not depart from the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the construction of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the acoustic output device 200 may include a first vibration element 110, a second vibration element 120, a piezoelectric element 130, a first elastic element 140, and a second elastic element 150. The piezoelectric element 130 may have a beam type structure. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 (eg, the dimension along the stretching direction along the length of the beam type structure) may be in the range of 3-30 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may be in the range of 3-25 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may be in the range of 3-20 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may be in the range of 3-18 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may be in the range of 3-15 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may be in the range of 3-10 mm.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the piezoelectric element 130 may include two piezoelectric plates (i.e., a piezoelectric plate 132 and a piezoelectric plate 134) and a substrate 136. The substrate 136 may be configured as a support for mounting components and an element producing deformation in response to vibration. In some embodiments, substrate material 136 may comprise one or more combinations of metal (eg, copper foil, steel, and the like), phenolic resin, cross-linked polystyrene, and the like. In some embodiments, the shape of the substrate 136 may be determined in accordance with the shape of the piezoelectric element 130. For example, if the piezoelectric element 130 is a piezoelectric cantilever, the substrate 136 may have an elongated shape. As another example, if the piezoelectric element 130 is a piezoelectric diaphragm, the substrate 136 may be plate-shaped or sheet-shaped.

Piezoelectric plate 132 and piezoelectric plate 134 may be components that provide a piezoelectric and/or inverse piezoelectric effect. In some embodiments, the piezoelectric plate may cover one or more surfaces of the substrate 136 and deform under the action of an excitation voltage to cause the substrate 136 to deform, thereby vibrating the piezoelectric element 130. For example, the piezoelectric plate 132 and the piezoelectric plate 134 are attached along the direction thickness of the piezoelectric element 130 (as indicated by the arrow ZZ') to opposite sides of the substrate 136, respectively. The substrate 136 can generate vibration in accordance with the stretching and contraction of the piezoelectric plate 132 and the piezoelectric plate 134 along the stretching direction along the length of the piezoelectric element 130 (as shown by the arrow XX'). Specifically, when power is applied along the thickness direction ZZ' of the piezoelectric element 130, the piezoelectric plate on one side of the substrate 136 can be compressed along the lengthwise stretching direction, and the piezoelectric plate on the other side of the substrate can be stretched along the lengthwise stretching direction, thereby inducing bending. substrate 136 and generating vibration in a direction perpendicular to the surface of substrate 136 (ie, in the thickness direction ZZ').

In some embodiments, the material of piezoelectric plate 132 and/or piezoelectric plate 134 may comprise piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric quartz, piezoelectric crystal, piezoelectric polymer, and the like. or any combination of them. Exemplary piezoelectric crystals may contain crystal, sphalerite, boracite, tourmaline, zincite, gallium arsenide (Gallium Arsenide, GaAs), barium titanate and their derivative structural crystals, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ), roshi salt (NaKC ₄ H ₄ O ₆ 4H ₂ O), etc. Exemplary piezoelectric ceramic materials may include barium titanate (BT), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead barium lithium niobate (PBLN), modified lead titanate (PT), nitride aluminum (aluminum nitride, AIN), zinc oxide (zinc oxide, ZnO), etc. or any combination of them. Exemplary piezoelectric polymeric materials may contain polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and the like.

The first vibration element 110 may be connected to the first attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130. The second vibration element 120 may be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through the first elastic element 140 and to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through the second elastic element 150. note that when the piezoelectric element 130 having the beam-type structure vibrates, the amplitude of the ends of the piezoelectric element 130 may be larger. Therefore, when the first attachment point, the second attachment point, and/or the third attachment point are located at the ends of the beam-type structure, the response output sensitivity of the corresponding vibration element can be higher and the sound quality can be better.

In some embodiments, the first attachment point may be located at the center of the tension direction along the length of the beam type structure, the second attachment point may be located at one end of the direction of tension along the length of the beam type structure, and the third attachment point may be located at the other end of the direction of tension along the length of the beam type structure. . In such cases, the piezoelectric element 130 may have a symmetrical structure, and a plane passing through the first attachment point and perpendicular to the stretching direction along the length of the beam-type structure may be the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first vibratory element 110 may be attached at the central attachment point (i.e., the first attachment point) of the first surface in the direction of extension along the length of the piezoelectric element 130. The first resilient element 140 may be attached at one end (that is, the second attachment point) of the second surface opposite the first surface in the direction of extension along the length of the piezoelectric element 130. The second elastic element 150 can be attached to the other end (i.e., the third attachment point) of the second surface opposite the first surface in the direction of extension along the length of the piezoelectric element 130. In some embodiments, the piezoelectric element 130 may include two sub-piezoelectric elements. One end of each sub-piezoelectric element may be coupled to first vibratory element 110. The other end of each sub-piezoelectric element may be coupled to second vibratory element 120 via first resilient element 140 and second resilient element 150, respectively. In some embodiments, the two sub-piezoelectric elements may be in a straight line. The two sub-piezoelectric elements may be symmetrically positioned on a plane passing through the center of the first vibratory element 110 and perpendicular to the direction of stretch along the length of the beam-type structure. In this case, the center of the first vibratory element 110 can be considered as the central attachment point on the piezoelectric element containing two subpiezoelectric elements. The first vibratory element 110 may be connected to a central attachment point on the piezoelectric element, that is, to the first attachment point.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 200 may further comprise one or more connectors (not shown), and the two components of the acoustic output device 200 may be connected by a connector. For example, the second vibration element 120 and the first elastic element 140 may be connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 via a connector. As another example, the second vibration element 120 and the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 via a connector. The connector may be located at the second attachment point (or at the third attachment point) of on the piezoelectric element 130, one end of the first elastic element 140 (or second elastic element 150) can be connected to the connector, and the other end of the first elastic element 140 (or second elastic element element 150) may be connected to the second vibrating element 120. The location of the connector may create a vibration at the second attachment point or at the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130, which must be transmitted to the first elastic element 140 or the second elastic element 150 and the second vibration element 120, as well as make the structure of the first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 more flexible. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the second vibration element 120 may be a vibration plate having the same shape as the piezoelectric element 130. The vibration plate and the piezoelectric element 130 may be placed opposite each other. The first resilient element 140 and/or the second resilient element 150 may be springs (eg, a mechanical spring, an electromagnetic spring, etc.) or rods made from other materials with a low elasticity coefficient. The first elastic element 140 and/or the second elastic element 150 may be located vertically between the second vibratory element 120 and the piezoelectric element 130. In this case, the first elastic element 140 may have a first coefficient of elasticity in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120 and the second elastic element 150 may have a second elasticity coefficient in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120. As another example, as shown in FIG. 4, first elastic element 140 and/or second elastic element 150 may comprise a plurality of elastic rods (eg, first elastic rod 142 or second elastic rod 152). The elastic rods can be connected to the piezoelectric element 130 through the first connector 182 and the second connector 184. The elastic rods can be connected between the piezoelectric element 130 and the second vibration element 120 in an oblique or parallel manner with respect to the piezoelectric element 130. In this case, the first elastic rod can have a first coefficient of elasticity in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120 and the first elastic rod may also have a third coefficient of elasticity in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120. The second elastic rod may have a second coefficient of elasticity in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120 and the second elastic rod may also have a fourth elasticity coefficient in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the second vibratory element 120. For further description of the elastic bars, refer to FIG. 4 and to his descriptions, which are not repeated here.

The first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element 150 may be different. In some embodiments, the difference between the first spring rate of the first elastic member 140 and the second spring rate of the second elastic member 150 may affect the frequency response of the acoustic output device 200 (as shown in FIG. 3). In some embodiments, the implementation of the second coefficient of elasticity may be greater than the first coefficient of elasticity. The ratio of the second spring factor to the first spring factor may be greater than 10. In some embodiments, to ensure that the acoustic output device 200 has higher sensitivity and a flat frequency response in the 1.5-3 kHz range, the ratio of the second spring factor to the first factor elasticity can be in the range of 10-50. In some embodiments, to ensure that the acoustic output device 200 has higher sensitivity and a flat frequency response in the range of 2.5 kHz-4 kHz, the ratio of the second spring factor to the first spring factor may be in the range of 50-100. In some embodiments, to ensure that the acoustic output device 200 has higher sensitivity and a flat frequency response in the 3-5 kHz range, the ratio of the second spring factor to the first spring factor may be in the range of 100-1000. In some embodiments, the implementation of the second coefficient of elasticity may be much greater than the first coefficient of elasticity. For example, the first resilient element 140, positioned as shown in FIG. 2 may be a spring, and the second resilient member 150 may be a rod made of a material having a high modulus of elasticity (eg, metal). In other words, the second vibration element 120 may be rigidly connected to the piezoelectric element 130 via a rod instead of being resiliently connected to the piezoelectric element 130 via a spring.

In FIG. 3 shows the frequency responses of exemplary acoustic output devices when a vibration signal is output from the end of an elastic mass, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, a graph L31 may represent the frequency response of an acoustic output device (e.g., acoustic output device 200) when the first elastic coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element and the second elastic coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element are the same and a vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass. Plot L32 may represent the frequency response of the acoustic output device when the ratio of the second spring rate ks2 of the second elastic member to the first spring rate ks1 of the first elastic member is 10 and the vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass. Plot L33 may represent the frequency response of the acoustic output device when the ratio of the second spring rate ks2 of the second elastic member to the first spring rate ks1 of the first elastic member is 100 and the vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass. Plot L34 may represent the frequency response of the acoustic output device when the ratio of the second spring rate ks2 of the second elastic member to the first spring rate ks1 of the first elastic member is 1000 and the vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass. Plot L35 may represent the frequency response of the acoustic output device when the ratio of the second spring rate ks2 of the second elastic member to the first spring rate ks1 of the first elastic member is 10000 and the vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass. Just for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic member corresponding to each frequency response is the same and equal to 666.2 N/m.

As shown in FIG. 3, all graphs L31, L32, L33, L34 and L35 can have two resonant peaks in the range from 100 Hz to 5000 Hz (which is within the range of hearing of the human ear). The first resonance peak in the dotted circle M may be generated by the resonance of the second vibration element 120, the first elastic element 140, and the second elastic element 150. The second resonance peak in the dotted circle N may be generated by the resonance of the first vibration element 110 and the piezoelectric element 130. As can be seen from fig. 3, when the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element 140 is equal to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element 150 (corresponding to the graph L31), the graph between the first resonant peak and the second resonant peak may be flat and may not have a peak or dip, but the sensitivity may be low. By keeping the first elasticity coefficient ks1 unchanged and increasing the second elasticity coefficient ks2, in other words, the acoustic output device 200 can change from an elastically symmetrical acoustic output device (corresponding to plot L31) to an elastically asymmetric acoustic output device (for example, corresponding to plot L32), the first resonant frequency , corresponding to the first resonance peak (the resonance peak in the dotted circle M) of the acoustic output device 200 increases slightly, and after the first resonance peak, a resonance dip (ie, the resonance dip in the dotted circle O) may be generated.

With a further increase in the second elasticity coefficient ks2 (corresponding to plots L32-L35), the position of the first resonant peak may remain almost unchanged and the frequency corresponding to the resonant dip after the first resonant peak may change slightly with an increase in the second elasticity coefficient ks2. Therefore, the position of the resonant dip can be determined by an elastic element having a lower elasticity coefficient. As the second elasticity coefficient ks2 increases, the second resonant peak (ie, the resonant peak in the dotted circle N) gradually moves to a high frequency, and the amplitude of the frequency response after the second resonant peak may increase significantly. In other words, the acoustic output device 200 may have high sensitivity in the mid and high frequency band (eg, 1 kHz - 10 kHz). When the second spring rate ks2 is increased by 1000 times, the first spring rate ks1, the second spring rate ks2 are continuously increased, and the frequency response of the acoustic output device 200 may remain largely unchanged (for example, as shown in graphs L34 and L35).

To sum up, when the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 are different, the acoustic output device 200 can have a higher sensitivity in the middle and high frequency band. As the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 increases, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 200 in the medium and high frequency band can improve. In some embodiments, when the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 exceeds a certain value (for example, the ratio between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 is greater than 1000 times), the frequency response of the acoustic output device 200 in the mid-high band frequencies can basically remain unchanged, that is, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 200 in the medium and high frequency band will stop increasing.

In FIG. 4 schematically shows the construction of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 5 shows a model of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the acoustic output device 400 may have a structure similar to that of the acoustic output device 200. For example, the acoustic output device 400 may include a first vibration element 110, a second vibration element 120, a piezoelectric element 130, a first elastic element 140, and a second elastic element 150. As another example, the piezoelectric element 130 may comprise a beam type structure. The first vibratory element 110 may be attached at the central attachment point (ie, the first attachment point) in a direction of extension along the length of the beam-type structure. The second vibratory element 120 may be attached to two ends (i.e., the second attachment point and the third attachment point) in the direction of extension along the length of the beam type structure by the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150. In the present disclosure, for convenience of description, the first attachment point may be the central attachment point of the beam-type structure, and the second attachment point and the third attachment point may be two ends of the beam-type structure in the lengthwise extension direction.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 400 may further comprise a first connector 182 and a second connector 184. The second vibratory element 120 and the first elastic element 140 may be connected to a second attachment location on the piezoelectric element 130 via the first connector 182. The first connector 182 may be located in second attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130, one end of the first elastic element 140 may be connected to the first connector, and the other end of the first elastic element 140 may be connected to the second vibration element 120. Similarly, the second vibration element 120 and the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the third the attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 through the second connector 184. The second connector 184 may be located at the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130, one end of the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the second connector 184, and the other end of the second elastic element 150 may be connected to the second vibration element 120.

In some embodiments, at least the first elastic element 140 or the second elastic element 150 may be inclined or parallel with respect to the piezoelectric element 130. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, using the first connector 182 and the second connector 184, the plane in which the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic element 150 are located may be parallel to the surface of the piezoelectric element 130. In this case, the elastic elements located obliquely or parallel with respect to the piezoelectric element 130 may have elastic coefficient components in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120 and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the first resilient element 140 (not shown) may have a first resilience along the ZZ' direction perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130 (or along the vibration direction of the second vibrating element 120), and the first resilient element 140 may have a third resiliency along the XX' direction parallel to the length of the piezoelectric element 130. The second elastic element 150 (not shown) may have a second elastic coefficient along the direction ZZ' perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130 (or along the direction of vibration of the second vibrating element 120), and the second elastic element 150 may have a fourth coefficient of elasticity along the direction XX' parallel to the length of the piezoelectric element 130.

In some embodiments, when the first elastic element 140 transmits vibration, the first elasticity coefficient may influence the net movement of the first elastic element 140 in the ZZ' direction and the third elasticity coefficient may influence the net movement of the first elastic element 140 in the XX' direction. Since the net movement of the first elastic member 140 in the XX' direction may cause both ends of the first elastic member 140 (e.g., elastic rod) to compress and have a bending strain, the elastic strain in the XX' direction parallel to the length of the piezoelectric element 130 may cause a net movement in the direction ZZ' perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130. In other words, the third elasticity factor may affect the ability of the first elastic element 140 to deform in the ZZ' direction, thus affecting the resulting vibration of the second vibration element 120 attached to the first elastic element 140. Similarly when the second elastic member 150 transmits vibration, the resulting movement of the second elastic member 150 in the XX' direction may cause the two ends of the second elastic member 150 to compress and have a bending strain such that the elastic strain in the XX' direction parallel to the length of the piezoelectric member 130 may create the resulting displacement in the ZZ' direction perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130. In other words, the fourth elasticity may affect the ability of the second elastic element 150 to deform in the ZZ' direction, thereby affecting the resulting vibration of the second vibration element 120 attached to the second elastic element 150. In some embodiments, the smaller the third spring rate (or fourth spring rate), the greater the contribution of the third spring rate (or fourth spring rate) to vibration transmission in the ZZ' direction.

In order to ensure good sensitivity of the acoustic output device 400 in the medium and high frequency band (for example, 1 kHz-10 kHz) (as shown in Fig. 8), in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120 (or piezoelectric element 130), the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 140 may be different from the second spring rate of the second elastic member 150. For example, the second spring rate may be greater than or less than the first spring rate. In the present disclosure, for convenience of description, the second elasticity coefficient may be taken as an example larger than the first elasticity coefficient. It should be noted that when the acoustic output device 400 vibrates because the second spring rate is larger than the first spring rate, the second vibrating member 120 can tilt and wobble in the direction of the first spring member 140 or the second spring member 150 while vibrating in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the piezoelectric element 130.

In some embodiments, the influence of the third elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 on the resulting vibration of the second vibration element 120 in the ZZ' direction, perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130, and the influence of the fourth elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element 150 on the resultant vibration of the second vibration element 120 in the ZZ' direction, perpendicular to the piezoelectric element 130 can be further adjusted to change the frequency response of the acoustic output device 400. In some embodiments, the third elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the fourth elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element 150 may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the ratio of the third elasticity to the first elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and/or the ratio of the fourth elasticity to the second elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be greater than 1×10 ⁴ . In some embodiments, the ratio of the third elasticity to the first elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and/or the ratio of the fourth elasticity to the second elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be greater than 1×10 ⁵ . In some embodiments, the ratio of the third elasticity to the first elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and/or the ratio of the fourth elasticity to the second elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be greater than 1×10 ⁶ . In some embodiments, the ratio of the third elasticity to the first elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and/or the ratio of the fourth elasticity to the second elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be greater than 1×10 ⁷ .

In some embodiments, the first elastic element 140 may include one or more first elastic rods 142 and the second elastic element 150 may include one or more second elastic rods 152. In some embodiments, the first elastic rod 142 and/or the second elastic rod 152 may have a cylindrical shape, cuboid shape, or any other suitable shape (for example, a convex-concave design, as shown in Fig. 4). In some embodiments, the implementation of the first coefficient of elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and the second coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be different by adjusting the number, length, material, structure, arrangement, etc. or any combination thereof for the first elastic rod 142 and/or the second elastic rod 152.

In some embodiments, the number of first resilient bars 142 and the number of second resilient bars 152 may be the same or different. For example, when the configuration of each first elastic rod 142 is the same as the configuration of each second elastic rod 152 (for example, the same material, the same lengths, structures, etc.), the number of the first elastic rods 142 and the number of the second elastic rods 152 may be different. In this case, since the number of elastic bars contained in the first elastic member 140 and in the second elastic member 150 are different, their elastic coefficients (i.e., the first elastic coefficient and the second elastic coefficient) in the vibration direction of the second vibration element 120 are different. As another example, the number of first elastic bars 142 and the number of second elastic bars 152 may be the same (for example, two, three, four, etc.) and other characteristics (for example, length, material, etc.). ) of each first elastic rod 142 may differ from other corresponding characteristics (e.g., length, material, etc.) of each second elastic rod 152, so the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 150 are different. Just by way of example, the first spring rate of the first elastic member 140 and the second spring rate of the second elastic member 150 may be different using a material of each first elastic bar 142 that is different from the material of each second elastic bar 152. For example, the first elastic bar 142 may be made of a material with a low modulus of elasticity (eg, silicone, foam, plastic, rubber, etc.), and the second elastic rod 152 may be made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity (eg, metal, alloy, etc.).

In some embodiments, the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 150 can be different, changing the way the first elastic rods 142 and/or the second elastic rods 152 are located. For example, when the configuration of each first elastic rod 142 is the same, as the configuration of each second elastic rod 152 (for example, has the same material, length, etc.) and the number of the first elastic rods 142 is the same as the number of the second elastic rods 152, the first elastic coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 150 can be set differently by setting the included angle between each two adjacent first elastic bars 142 or the included angle between each two adjacent second elastic bars 152. For example, to make the second elastic coefficient greater than the first elastic coefficient, the included angle between each two adjacent second elastic elastic bars 152 can be made smaller than the included angle between each two adjacent first elastic bars 142. elastic rods 142 may be located symmetrically about a plane passing through the center of the piezoelectric element 130 and perpendicular to the surface of the piezoelectric element 130, and the second elastic rods 152 may also be located symmetrically about a plane passing through the center of the piezoelectric element 130 and perpendicular to the surface of the piezoelectric element 130.

In some embodiments, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element 140 and the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element 150 can be made different by adjusting the lengths of each first elastic rod 142 and each second elastic rod 152 so that they are different. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the length of the first elastic rod 142 may refer to the length of the first elastic rod 142 in a state in which no external force is applied (i.e., in the natural state), and the length of the second elastic rod 152 may refer to the length of the second elastic rod. rod 152 in a state in which no external force is applied. In some embodiments, the implementation of the first coefficient of elasticity of the first elastic element 140 and the second coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic element 150 may be different, making each first elastic rod 142 and every second elastic rod 152 have different designs. For example, each first elastic rod 142 may have a convex-concave design, and every second elastic rod 152 may have a cylindrical long rod design.

In FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the construction of an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the construction of another exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the acoustic exit device 600 may be similar in structure to the acoustic exit device 400. The acoustic exit device 600 differs from the acoustic exit device 500 in that in the acoustic exit device 600, the second elastic member 150 may include a third connector 190 in addition to the second elastic rod 152. The second vibrating element 120 may further be connected to the third mounting location on the piezoelectric element 130 via the third connector 190.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the third connector 190 may be a component made from an arbitrary material. The third connector 190 and the second elastic rod 152 together may form the second elastic element 150. In other words, the coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic element 150 (for example, the second coefficient of elasticity in the direction of vibration of the second vibration element 120) can be provided by the third connector 190 and the second elastic rod 152. In In some embodiments, when the second elastic rod 152 and the first elastic rod 142 have the same parameters (for example, the same structure, length, quantity, material, etc.), the second elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 150 can be made different from the first elastic coefficient the first elastic element 140 through the use of a third connector 190 (which may provide an additional coefficient of elasticity for the second elastic element 150).

In some embodiments, the difference between the second spring rate of the second elastic member 150 and the first spring rate of the first elastic member 140 can be controlled by changing the structure, material, or the like. the third connector 190 so that the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 600 in different frequency bands can be improved to accommodate more application scenarios. In some embodiments, the third connector 190 may be in the form of a plate, a ring, a prism, a cuboid, a column, a sphere, or any combination thereof, or may have another irregular shape. In some embodiments, the material of the third connector 190 may be silicone, foam, plastic, rubber, metal, etc. or any combination of them.

In some embodiments, when the third connector 190 is made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity (eg, metal, alloy, etc.), this is equivalent to the second vibratory element 120 and the piezoelectric element 130 being rigidly connected by the third connector 190. In this case, the second elastic rod 152 can be removed. As shown in acoustic output device 700 in FIG. 7, the second vibrating element 120 may be directly connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element 130 via the third connector 190. In this case, the third connector 190 may serve as the second elastic element 150. In some embodiments, to form a rigid connection between the second vibrating element 120 and the second connector 184, the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic member 150 may be greater than 1×10 ⁴ N/m. In some embodiments, to form a rigid connection between the second vibratory element 120 and the second connector 184, the second elasticity coefficient may be greater than 1×10 ⁵ N/m. In some embodiments, to form a rigid connection between the second vibratory element 120 and the second connector 184, the second elasticity coefficient may be greater than 1×10 ⁶ N/m. In some embodiments, to form a rigid connection between the second vibratory element 120 and the second connector 184, the second elasticity coefficient may be greater than 1×10 ⁷ N/m.

In some embodiments, the first resilient element 140 may include a fourth connector (not shown) and the second vibratory element 120 may further be attached at a second attachment location on the piezoelectric element 130 via the fourth connector. In this case, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic member 140 and the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic member 150 may be different, making the third connector 190 and the fourth connector different (for example, different in structure, material, etc.).

In FIG. 8 shows the frequency responses of exemplary acoustic output devices when a vibration signal is output from the end of an elastic mass, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the graph L81 may represent the frequency response of the acoustic output device in which the vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass when the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element and the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element are the same and equal to 666.2 N/m, and the third the elasticity coefficient kh1 of the first elastic element and the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 of the second elastic element are the same and equal to 666.2 N/m. Plots L82, L83, and L84 may represent frequency responses of an acoustic output device (e.g., acoustic output device 400) in which a vibration signal is output from the end of the elastic mass when the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element is 666.2 N/m and the ratio of the first coefficient ks1 of the elasticity of the first elastic element to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element is 100. For plot L82, the ratio of the third elasticity coefficient kh1 to the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element is 100 and the ratio of the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element is 100 For plot L83, the ratio of the third elasticity coefficient kh1 to the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element is 1000, and the ratio of the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element is 1000. For the graph L84, the ratio of the third elasticity coefficient kh1 to the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first of the elastic element is 2000 and the ratio of the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element is 2000.

As shown in FIG. 8, all graphs L81, L82, L83 and L84 can have two resonant peaks in the range from 100 Hz to 5000 Hz (which is within the range of hearing of the human ear). The first resonant peak, located inside the dotted circle Q, may be generated by the resonance of the second vibration element 120, the first elastic element 140, and the second elastic element 150. The second resonant peak, located inside the dotted circle P, may be generated by the resonance of the first vibration element 110 and the piezoelectric element 130. As can be seen from FIG. 8, when the first elasticity coefficient ks1 of the first elastic element 140 is equal to the second elasticity coefficient ks2 of the second elastic element 150, and when the third elasticity coefficient kh1 of the first elastic element is equal to the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 of the second elastic element (corresponding to graph L81), a graph between the first resonance peak and the second the resonant peak may be flat with no peak or dip, and the sensitivity may be low. By keeping the first elasticity coefficient ks1 unchanged and increasing the second elasticity coefficient ks2 by a factor of 100, the first elasticity coefficient ks1, in other words, the acoustic output device 400, changes from an elastically symmetric acoustic output device (corresponding to plot L81) to an elastically asymmetric acoustic output device (for example, corresponding to plots L82, L83, and L84), the first resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant peak (the resonant peaks in the dotted circle Q) of the acoustic output device 400 may increase, and after the first resonant peak, a resonant dip (i.e., the resonant dip in the dotted circle P).

Further, as shown in graphs L82 to L84, since the third spring coefficient kh1 of the first elastic element and the fourth spring coefficient kh2 of the second elastic element may affect the resulting vibration of the second vibration element 120 when the third spring coefficient kh1 of the first elastic element 140 and the fourth spring coefficient kh2 of the second elastic element 150 gradually increase (according to the graphs L82 to L84), the first resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant peak and the frequency corresponding to the subsequent resonant dip at the same time gradually move towards high frequencies. The amplitude of the frequency response before the first resonant peak may increase slightly, and the amplitude of the frequency response after the second resonant peak may increase significantly. In other words, the acoustic output device 400 may have a higher sensitivity in the mid and high frequency band (eg, 1 kHz - 10 kHz). When the third elasticity coefficient kh1 of the first elastic element 140 is increased by 2000 times, the first elasticity coefficient ks1 and the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 of the second elastic element 150 are increased by 2000 times, the second elasticity coefficient ks2, the first resonance dip after the first resonance peak, and the second resonance peak produce a clear a canceling effect (corresponding to plot L84), thus flattening the frequency response corresponding to the acoustic output. As the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 increases, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 200 in the mid-high frequency band may increase. In some embodiments, when the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 exceeds a certain value (for example, the ratio between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 is greater than 1000), the frequency response of the acoustic output device 200 in the medium and high frequency band can basically remain unchanged, that is, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 200 in the mid and high frequency band stops improving.

To sum up, when the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 are different, the acoustic output device 400 can have a higher sensitivity in the middle and high frequency band. When the first elasticity coefficient ks1 and the second elasticity coefficient ks2 are kept unchanged, with an increase in the third elasticity coefficient kh1 and the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2, the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 400 in the mid-high band can be improved, and the frequency response in the mid-high band can become flatter. . In some embodiments, to increase the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 400 in the frequency band 500 Hz - 3000 Hz, the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 can be set in the range of 10 ³ N/m-10 ⁴ N/m, wherein, the third elasticity coefficient kh1 can be set in the range of 10 ³ N/m - 10 ⁴ N/m and the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 can be set in the range of 10 ⁵ N/m -10 ⁶ N/m. In some embodiments, to increase the sensitivity of the acoustic output device 400 in the frequency band 1500 Hz - 7000 Hz and flatten the frequency response in the frequency band, the difference between the second elasticity coefficient ks2 and the first elasticity coefficient ks1 can be set in the range of 10 ³ N/m - 10 ⁴ N /m, the third elasticity coefficient kh1 can be set in the range of 10 ⁵ N/m - 10 ⁷ N/m and the fourth elasticity coefficient kh2 can be set in the range of 10 ⁵ N/m - 10 ⁹ N/m.

The basic concepts have been described above, apparently for those skilled in the art, and the above detailed disclosure is used by way of example only and does not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. Various modifications, improvements and changes may take place and are intended for those skilled in the art, although this is not expressly expressed here. Such modifications, improvements and changes are proposed in the present disclosure, while such modifications, improvements and changes still remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

At the same time, the present disclosure uses specific expressions to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” and/or “some embodiments” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is associated with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment", "one of the embodiments", or "alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more times in different places in the present disclosure do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be appropriately combined.

Moreover, unless otherwise indicated in the claims, the sequence of the present disclosure, the order of the sequence of the present disclosure, the use of reference numbers or other names are not used to determine the order of the processes and methods of the present disclosure. While the above disclosure is discussed through various examples, which are now considered to be a variety of useful embodiments of the disclosure, it should be understood that such details are for the purpose of description only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather are intended to cover modifications and equivalents. combinations that are within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, while the implementation of the various components described above may be implemented in hardware devices, it may also be implemented only as a software solution, such as installation on an existing server or on a mobile device.

Likewise, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description provided in the present disclosure and to assist in understanding one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments, many features are sometimes combined in one embodiment, the drawings, or its description. However, the method of disclosure presented does not mean that the features required in this respect in the disclosure are redundant. Rather, the claimed subject matter may not be contained in all of the features of the single aforementioned disclosed embodiment.

Some embodiments use numbers to describe constituents and attributes. It should be understood that the number described in such examples is used in some examples with the words "about", "approximately" or "generally" modified to effect the modification. Unless otherwise stated, “approximately”, “about”, or “generally” may indicate ±20 percent deviation of the value being described. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the implementation of the numerical parameters used in the present disclosure and the claims are approximate values and approximate values may vary in accordance with the desired characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the specified significant digits should be considered for numeric parameters and the total number of digits is reserved. Although in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the numerical range and parameters used to confirm the range of their scope are approximate values, the setting of such values can be as accurate as possible within the realizable range in particular embodiments.

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this disclosure are used only to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other modifications may also fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, by way of example only, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be considered consistent with the principles of the present disclosure. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to those expressly presented and described in the disclosure.

Claims (28)

1. Acoustic output device, containing: the first vibration element; the second vibration element; And a piezoelectric element, wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to cause vibration to be generated by the first vibration element and the second vibration element in response to an electrical signal, wherein the first vibration element is attached to the first attachment point on the piezoelectric element, the second vibration element is connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element at least through the first elastic element, the second vibration element is connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element through at least the second elastic element, and in the vibration direction of the second vibration element, the first elasticity coefficient of the first elastic element is different from the second elasticity coefficient of the second elastic element. 2. Acoustic output device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first connector and a second connector, wherein the first elastic element is connected to the second attachment point on the piezoelectric element through the first connector, and the second elastic element is connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element through the second connector. 3. Acoustic output device according to claim 1, in which the first elastic element contains one or more first elastic rods, and the second elastic element contains one or more second elastic rods, and the number of one or more first elastic rods is the same as the number one or more second elastic rods. 4. The acoustic output device of claim 3, wherein said one or more first resilient bars and said one or more second resilient bars are at least one of the following: the length of each first elastic rod of the specified one or more first elastic rods differs from the length of each second elastic rod of the specified one or more second elastic rods; the material of said one or more first resilient rods is different from the material of said one or more second resilient rods; or the included angle of any two adjacent first resilient bars of said one or more first resilient bars is different from the included angle of any two adjacent second resilient bars of said one or more second resilient bars. 5. Acoustic output device according to claim 1, in which the first elastic element contains one or more first elastic rods, and the second elastic element contains one or more second elastic rods, and the configuration of each first elastic rod of the specified one or more first elastic rods is the same as the configuration of each second elastic rod of the specified one or more second elastic rods, and the number of one or more first elastic rods is different from the number of one or more second elastic rods. 6. Acoustic output device according to claim 3, in which the second elastic element further comprises a third connector, and the second vibration element is additionally connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element through at least the third connector. 7. Acoustic output device according to claim. 1, in which the first elastic element contains one or more first elastic rods, the second elastic element contains the third connector, and the second vibration element is connected to the third attachment point on the piezoelectric element through the third connector. 8. Acoustic output device according to claim. 1, in which the ratio of the second coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic element to the first coefficient of elasticity of the first elastic element is greater than 10. 9. The acoustic output device of claim. 1, wherein the vibration of the first vibration element and the second vibration element generates two resonant peaks within the audible range of the human ear, while the second vibration element, the first elastic element, and the second elastic element are configured to resonate to form a resonant peak having a lower frequency from said two resonant peaks, and the piezoelectric element and the first vibrating element are configured to resonate to form a resonant peak having a higher frequency from said two resonant peaks. 10. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric element comprises a beam-type structure, with the first attachment location located at the center of the stretch direction along the length of the beam-type structure.

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