RU2793840C1 - Universal hearing protection device against acoustic pollution - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical devices.

SUBSTANCE: device belongs to the means of personal protection of human hearing organs from the negative effects of acoustic pollution and can be used in medical institutions, during psychological rehabilitation, as well as in everyday life, both at production sites and at home. The hearing protection device contains a headband, headphones with a protector made of sound-absorbing material. At the same time, the headband is made in the form of a bandage made of breathable material, on which two headphones are mounted. Moreover, the earphones are made in the form of a cup-shaped shape, repeating the contour of the outer ear, and are made of materials that reduce the energy of sound waves and are glued together. Moreover, the inner layer is made of non-woven material, the middle layer is made of foamed polyethylene with double-sided foil coating, the outer layer is made of foamed rubber. The headphones are equipped with a hollow obturator along the outer contour, made of an elastic material, repeating the shape of the contour of the outer ear, the inner cavity of the obturator is filled with a plastic material. The inner part of the earpiece contains a hollow in-ear acoustic protector made of a hypoallergenic elastic material, the cavity of which is filled with a plastic material.

EFFECT: proposed device allows to minimize the negative impact of acoustic pollution on humans.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The device belongs to the means of personal protection of human hearing organs from the negative effects of acoustic pollution and can be used in medical institutions, during psychological rehabilitation, as well as in everyday life, both at production sites and at home.

Acoustic noise is the most acute environmental problem, one of the three most important problems of modern cities. (Decree of the Government of Moscow "On the concept of reducing noise and vibration levels in the city of Moscow" dated October 16, 2007 No. 896-PP).

Increased noise level in cities leads to dysfunction of energy metabolism processes, disruption of a large range of biochemical processes in the body (Novokhatskaya E.A. Noise pollution of a metropolis and its impact on human health // Social policy and sociology. 2010. No. 9 (63). C .135-144).

Finding a person in conditions of acoustic pollution leads to such negative consequences as: increased fatigue, deterioration of health, increased blood pressure, impaired cardiac activity, physical and nervous diseases. Acoustic pollution reduces the immune barrier and increases the incidence of diseases (Suvorov G.A., Shkarinov L.N., Denisov E.I. Hygienic regulation of industrial noise and vibration. - M: Medicine, 1984. - 240 p.).

Acoustic pollution is often the cause of premature aging of the body and shortening of life expectancy. (Zyryanov S.B., Kaminskaya Yu.S. Noise and human health. Ural State Agricultural Academy Journal HUMAN HEALTH).

Anti-noise headphones are known (RF patent No. 2302224) containing a headband, a body with a protector, made of a material with magnetic properties, and a sound-absorbing lining, as a sound-absorbing lining, slabs of mineral wool on a basalt basis of the "Rockwool" type, or mineral wool of the " URSA", or basalt wool type P-75, or glass wool lined with glass felt, or a foamed polymer, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and the sound-absorbing element is lined with an acoustically transparent material over its entire surface, for example, fiberglass type EZ-100 or polymer type "Poviden" .

The disadvantages of this device are the bulky design that does not allow the device to be used in medical institutions for bedridden patients, as well as the use of materials containing substances hazardous to health in the construction, which limits the time of use in enclosed spaces.

A noise protection device (useful model No. 182230) containing detecting microphones, an active noise reduction process control unit made in the form of a microprocessor system, loudspeakers and a noise screen placed on a U-shaped frame is known. The noise screen is made in the form of a spherical segment, to the outer edge of which a rim is attached on flexible suspensions with the possibility of free movement of the detecting microphones along it. Loudspeakers containing a profile ring screen around the diaphragms are attached with diaphragms facing each other in the upper part of the frame at the level of the human hearing organs.

The disadvantage of the known device is the complexity and high cost of the design, which implies the presence of an external power source.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in purpose and technical essence to the claimed object are anti-noise headphones (RF patent No. 194893) containing a headband, a case with a protector with magnetic properties, and a sound-absorbing lining.

The protector is made of a flexible elastic polymer hermetic material in the form of two parallel sheets hermetically connected at the edges to each other. A constant vacuum is created between these sheets, and permanent magnets are fixed on the inner sides of each sheet, directed to the sheets with the same poles. In addition, the arrangement of permanent magnets on parallel sheets is the same and symmetrical.

The disadvantages of the known device are due to the bulky design that does not allow the user to use the device during sleep, and the presence of permanent magnets in the device poses a threat to the smooth operation of medical equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to develop a device for round-the-clock use that can provide the user's hearing organs with protection from the effects of acoustic pollution with the ability to adjust the level of anti-noise characteristics depending on the individual characteristics of a person's hearing or the level of acoustic pollution of the environment.

This goal is achieved by the proposed device (Fig. 1) for protecting the hearing organs from acoustic pollution, consisting of a bandage [1] made of a breathable material, such as cotton. On the bandage are mounted two headphones [2] made with the possibility of moving along the bandage [1]. Headphones [2] are made in the form of a cup-shaped shape repeating the contour of the outer ear. Headphones [2] are made of several layers of soft materials that reduce the energy of sound waves glued together. The inner layer [3] is made of non-woven material, such as felt. The middle layer [4] is made of polyethylene foam with double-sided foil coating [5]. The outer layer [6] is made of foamed rubber. The earphones [2] are equipped with a hollow obturator [7] along the outer contour, made of an elastic material, for example, silicone, repeating the shape of the contour of the outer ear; -06916705-02). The inner part of the earpiece [2] contains a hollow intra-channel acoustic protector [9] made of a hypoallergenic elastic material resistant to deformation, for example, silicone, the cavity of the intra-channel acoustic protector [9] is filled with a soft plastic material [1], for example, children's plasticine brand M (TU 2389 -031-06916705-02).

The device works as follows: before use, the user adjusts the shape of the hollow in-channel acoustic protector with his fingers [9]. In view of the content inside the intra-channel acoustic protector [9] soft plastic material, the user can easily give it the desired shape, depending on the user's desire. For example, if the user wishes to place the protector inside the auditory canal, then by squeezing the sides of the fingers, it forms a narrow tube and inserts it into the auditory canal. In the case when the user decides to limit the use of the protector by blocking the entrance to the auditory canal, the user presses the protector against the inside of the earpiece with his fingers, creating a flattened shape, which, when using the proposed device, will tightly press against the vestibule of the auditory canal, reducing access to acoustic pollution. After adjusting the shape of the acoustic protector [9], the user adjusts the shape of the obturator [7] by deforming the obturator with the fingers, depending on the individual characteristics of the auricle, trying to give a shape that envelops the contour of the auricle with a minimum fit of the obturator on the hairline during use, minimizing the possibility of penetration of acoustic pollution in places of loose fit to the skin. Then the user puts the bandage [1] on the head and moving the headphones [2] along the bandage sets them at the level of the outer ear, after which the headphones are lightly pressed. Headphones, tightly fitting to the user's skin, made of several layers of materials of different density and porosity, create conditions for reducing the level of acoustic pollution. The shape and softness of the materials of the proposed device create conditions under which the user can use the device both during sleep and at work, reliably protecting the user from the harmful effects of acoustic pollution of the environment.

The proposed device allows minimizing the negative impact of acoustic pollution on humans. An example of a specific implementation.

The headphones are made in the form of a cup-shaped shape, repeating the contour of the outer ear, and are made of several layers of soft materials that reduce the energy of sound waves, glued together with rubber glue GOST 2199-78, while the inner layer is made of felt.

The middle layer of the device is made of foamed polyethylene with a double-sided foil coating, the outer layer is made of foamed rubber.

On the outer contour, the device is equipped with a hollow obturator filled with plasticine grade M (TU 2389-031-06916705-02).

The proposed device allows minimizing the negative impact of acoustic pollution on humans.

Claims (1)

A universal device for protecting hearing organs from acoustic pollution, containing a headband, headphones with a protector made of sound-absorbing material, characterized in that the headband is made in the form of a bandage made of breathable material, on which two headphones are mounted, and the headphones are made in the form of a cup-shaped shape that follows the contour of the outer ears, and are made of materials that reduce the energy of sound waves, glued together, with the inner layer made of non-woven material, the middle layer made of polyethylene foam with a double-sided foil coating, the outer layer is made of foamed rubber, while the headphones are equipped with a hollow obturator along the outer contour made of elastic material, repeating the shape of the contour of the outer ear, the inner cavity of the obturator is filled with plastic material, while the inner part of the earpiece contains a hollow in-ear acoustic protector made of hypoallergenic elastic material, the cavity of which is filled with plastic material.

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