RU2793527C1 - Method for intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to experimental surgery and experimental pathology of animals, in particular to the modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in laboratory animals. The rabbit is fixed on the operating table in a lateral position with the preparation of the operating field in the right or left lumbar region. Stepping back 2 cm from the transverse costal process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra, a skin incision up to 1 cm long is made. A cannula made of surgical steel with a lateral opening of size G16 70 mm is inserted by progressive rotation into the surgical wound through the inner oblique abdominal muscle at the angle of 45 degrees to the spinous processes directed to the abdominal cavity to a depth of 3–4 cm. After making sure that its position is correct according to radiography, autologous blood preliminarily selected from the ear artery is injected in the volume required for the experiment.

EFFECT: method helps to avoid third-party traumatic factors affecting the animal's body caused by concomitant injuries of organs and tissues of the abdominal cavity (laparotomy, blunt trauma of the lumbar region), as well as to reduce the likelihood of complications (perforation of the peritoneum, damage to the organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space).

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Description

The invention relates to experimental veterinary surgery and experimental pathology of animals, in particular to the modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in laboratory animals.

State of the art

There is a known method of life-time modeling of retroperitoneal hematomas in rats by inflicting injury in the lumbar region using a percussion mechanism (Davletshin, A. Kh. Retroperitoneal hematomas with closed abdominal trauma (Experimental clinical study): Abstract of dissertation ... Dr. med. Sciences. - Kuibyshev, 1990.). Later, a method was proposed for creating a model of retroperitoneal hematoma in rats by means of median laparotomy and further introduction into the retroperitoneal space of a tube made in the form of a probe with a locking disk at the intraorganism end, through which pre-selected autologous blood is injected (Patent No. 2184397 Russian Federation IPC G09B 23/28 (2000.01 ) Method for modeling retroperitoneal hematoma : No. 2000119187/14 : Applicant: 20.07.2000 : Published 27.06.2002 / L. F. Orders; Applicant L. F. Orders - Bull. No. 18. - 6 p.). The above methods are quite invasive and are accompanied by significant damage to the organs and tissues of the abdominal cavity, creating concomitant traumatic factors affecting the body of the experimental animal.

The closest in technical essence and achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a method for modeling zaryushinnye hematomas in rabbits using a lumbar puncture and the introduction of autologous blood into the retroperitoneal space, the sampling of which was carried out from the marginal ear vein (Gareev, R.N. The role of retroperitoneal hemorrhages in the development of intestinal paresis (clinical and experimental study) / R. N. Gareev, R. R. Fayazov, I. D. Khabibullin // Bulletin of Experimental and Clinical Surgery. - 2016. V. 9, No. 2. - P. 138 -140). Puncture methods for modeling retroperitoneal hematomas using needles with a sharp cut at the distal end, in our opinion, are associated with a high probability of damage to the parietal peritoneum, abdominal organs and retroperitoneal space, with subsequent complications in the form of hemoabdomen or uroabdomen, as well as urinoma or urohematoma of the retroperitoneal space (in case of damage to the organs of the urinary system).

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention is to develop an accurate, minimally invasive and safe method for intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits.

The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is that the method of intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits helps to avoid third-party traumatic factors affecting the animal's body caused by concomitant injuries of organs and tissues of the abdominal cavity (laparotomy, blunt trauma to the lumbar region), as well as reducing the likelihood of complications (perforation of the peritoneum, damage to the organs of the abdominal cavity and zaryushinny space).

The technical result of the invention is achieved using a method for intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits, including blood sampling from the ear artery in rabbits in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis with the addition of an anticoagulant, then the animal is fixed on the operating table in the lateral position with the preparation of the operating field in the right or left lumbar area, observing the rules of asepsis and antiseptics, after which, retreating 2 cm from the transverse costal process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra, a skin incision up to 1 cm long is made, followed by the introduction of rotational translational movements into the surgical wound, through the internal oblique abdominal muscle, at an angle of about 45 degrees in relation to the spinous processes towards the abdominal cavity, a cannula made of surgical steel with a side hole of size G16 (70 mm) to a depth of 3-4 cm, if there is no obstacle, during the introduction of the cannula through the psoas major muscle indicates its penetration into the retroperitoneal space , after which the cannula can be additionally inserted towards the abdominal cavity for another 1-1.5 cm, and after making sure that its position is correct, the autologous blood previously taken from the ear artery is slowly introduced in the volume necessary for the experiment.

Brief description of drawings and other materials

In FIG. 1 blood sampling from the auricular artery of a rabbit by aortopuncture with a 16G peripheral vein catheter (1.3×45 mm).

In FIG. 2 preparation of the surgical field in the left lumbar region of the rabbit.

In FIG. 3 insertion of a cannula made of surgical steel with a side hole of size G16 (70 mm) into the retroperitoneal space to a depth of 5 cm.

In FIG. 4 radiography with the introduction of autologous blood into the retroperitoneal space with the addition of a radiopaque substance (Yohexol (350 mg iodine / ml)).

In FIG. 5 cannula made of surgical steel with a side hole size G16 (70 mm) manufactured by SoftFil (France).

In FIG. 6 x-ray with partial distribution of autologous blood with the addition of a radiopaque agent (Iohexol (350 mg iodine/ml)) in the retroperitoneal space 2 minutes after injection.

Implementation of the invention

The method of intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits consists in the fact that under non-inhalation anesthesia (xylazine 5.0 mg/kg, tiletamine-zolozepam 15.0 mg/kg), blood is taken from the ear artery in rabbits in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis (autologous blood ) of the volume required for the experiment using a 18G peripheral vein catheter (1.3×45 mm) (Fig. 1) with the addition of an anticoagulant (heparin 20ME/5ml), which prevents premature blood clotting. Next, the animal is fixed on the operating table in a lateral position with the preparation of the operating field in the right or left lumbar region, observing the rules of asepsis and antisepsis (Fig. 2). Stepping back 2 cm from the transverse costal process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra, a skin incision up to 1 cm long is made. Then, into the surgical wound, through the internal oblique abdominal muscle, at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the spinous processes towards the abdominal cavity with rotational-translational movements a cannula is inserted to a depth of 3-4 cm (Fig. 3). The appearance of the absence of an obstacle during the introduction of the cannula through the psoas major muscle indicates its penetration into the retroperitoneal space. For the introduction of autologous blood into the retroperitoneal space, a 16G (70 mm) cannula is used, made of surgical steel with a side hole (Fig. 4), and due to its rounded distal end, the parietal sheet of the peritoneum is not perforated and it can be additionally inserted towards the abdominal cavity more by 1-1.5 cm. After making sure that the position of the cannula is correct, the autologous blood previously taken from the ear artery is slowly introduced in the volume necessary for the experiment. To visualize the distribution of autologous blood in the retroperitoneal space, it is possible to add a radiopaque agent (Iohexol (350 mg iodine/ml)) followed by radiography (Fig. 5). The cannula should be removed 2 minutes after the introduction of autologous blood, when it is partially distributed in the retroperitoneal space (Fig. 6).

The surgical wound, after removing the cannula from the retroperitoneal space, is closed with one knotted suture, which is removed after 7 days.

An example of a specific implementation of the method.

In a outbred rabbit aged 7 months and weighing 4.1 kg under non-inhalation anesthesia (xylazine 5.0 mg/kg, tiletamine-zolozepam 15.0 mg/kg), the surgical field was prepared in the lumbar region on the left in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. Departing 2 cm from the transverse costal process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra, a skin incision 0.8 cm long was made. Then, through the internal oblique abdominal muscle, at an angle of about 45 degrees relative to the spinous processes towards the abdominal cavity - with translational movements, a cannula made of surgical steel with a side hole of size G16 (70 mm) was introduced. At a depth of 4 cm, during the insertion of the cannula through the psoas major muscle, there was no obstruction, after which the cannula was additionally inserted towards the abdominal cavity for another 1 cm. size 18G (1.3×45 mm), in a volume of 41 ml (10% of the rabbit's body weight) from the ear artery autologous blood. The cannula was removed 2 minutes after the introduction of the entire volume of autologous blood. The surgical wound was closed with one knotted suture, which was removed after 7 days.

The developed method for intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits allows obtaining an objective clinical result with minimal operational risks.

The present invention in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions has the following advantages:

- Reduction of the probability of action on the body of the animal factors caused by concomitant damage to the organs and tissues of the abdominal cavity;

- Reducing the risk of complications associated with perforation of the parietal peritoneum and damage to the organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space.

Claims (2)

1. A method for intravital modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits, including blood sampling from the ear artery in rabbits with the addition of an anticoagulant, followed by the introduction of autologous blood into the retroperitoneal space, characterized in that the animal is fixed on the operating table in a lateral position with the preparation of the operating field in the right or left lumbar area, after which, stepping back 2 cm from the transverse costal process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra, a skin incision up to 1 cm long is made, followed by the introduction of rotational-translational movements into the surgical wound through the internal oblique abdominal muscle at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the spinous processes in the direction to the abdominal cavity of a cannula made of surgical steel with a side hole of size G16 70 mm to a depth of 3-4 cm, after making sure that its position is correct by radiography, autologous blood previously taken from the ear artery is injected in the volume necessary for the experiment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the absence of an obstacle during the introduction of the cannula through the psoas major muscle, the cannula is additionally inserted another 1-1.5 cm towards the abdominal cavity.

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