RU2793094C1 - Artificial surface for snow trails - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to removable protective artificial coverings of snow tracks for imitation of snow crust for winter sports. Artificial pavement for snow trails, imitating snow crust, containing a tile formed from rectangular segments oriented in a horizontal plane and interconnected at the corners. Stiffening ribs and sliding elements made in the form of a vertical bristles facing upwards are mounted on the surface of the tile. At the opposite side ends the tiles there are spaced connecting elements, made in the form of studs and the corresponding grooves with the possibility of connecting the tiles into webs, characterized in that the stud is made in the form of a T-shaped in longitudinal and L-shaped in cross sections, a protrusion oriented in such a way that that its upper shelf is made bent down, while the upper bent downward shelf of the stud is shifted down relative to the stud plane by the thickness of the tile base, with the possibility of placing it under the tile base plane, and the groove is T-shaped when viewed from above, corresponding to the shape of the stud. It goes through tile surface touching the stiffening rib and running along the outer edge of the bottom of the tile with the possibility of placing a vertical stud shelf on this stiffening rib.

EFFECT: possibility of creating a reliable artificial surface for snow tracks, imitating snow crust for winter sports.

11 cl, 6 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sports facilities, namely to removable protective artificial coverings of snow tracks to simulate snow crust for winter sports [A63C 19/04, A63C 19/10, A63C 19/12].

Known from the prior art is an ARTIFICIAL SURFACE FOR SIMULATING CROSS-SKIING [CA 1238667 (A), publ.: 06/28/1988], containing an elongated flat flexible base and a plurality of extruded strips of synthetic polymer material, forming relatively rigid blade-like elements with a smooth surface, attached to and substantially covering one side of the base, said blade-like elements protrude generally perpendicular to said one side of the base, with the exception of two generally parallel spaced apart zones extending in the longitudinal direction of the base, said blade-like elements in said zones being curved in the same direction and extend generally in the length of the base to provide a pair of generally parallel ski runs along the base, wherein said curved blade-like elements have outer end portions extending at an angle from the base and ending in tips directed in said one direction, said base is accommodating on the ground with said blade-like elements facing upwards and said curved blade-like elements directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the ski on said tracks.

The disadvantage of analogue is the low functionality of the coating, due to the possibility of its use in the described embodiment for the manufacture of ski slopes. In addition, the coating is difficult to manufacture, install and operate due to its design features.

The closest in technical essence, chosen for the prototype of the claimed technical solution, is a STRUCTURAL ELEMENT FOR ARTIFICIAL SKI TRAILS [GB 2061345 (A), publ.: 05/13/1981], consisting of a plastic tile, equipped with sliding elements on top, and on the sides with locking elements for connecting adjacent elements, characterized in that the tile is provided on its upper surface along the edges with a locking element extending outward from it, and slots extending from it inward, which are located in such a way that the specified locking element engages with the corresponding slot of the adjacent laid tile, and wherein the lower surface of said locking element is provided with one or more pins or sockets engaging with a corresponding socket or pin, respectively, in said slot, and said locking elements are provided along their side edges with side protrusions, and said slots are provided along their upper edges with inwardly oriented protrusions, wherein said side protrusions engage with said inwardly extending protrusions when said locking element engages in a corresponding groove of an adjacent tile.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the low reliability of the coating, due to the implementation of the connection between the tiles rigid, not providing an acceptable deformation without destroying the coating at the junction of its elements. In addition, the location of the connecting elements with tenons and grooves reduces the flexibility of the tile and, therefore, its reliability.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to provide the possibility of creating a reliable artificial surface for snow tracks, imitating snow crust for winter sports.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the artificial surface for snow tracks, imitating snow crust, containing a tile formed from rectangular segments oriented in a horizontal plane and interconnected at the corners, stiffening ribs and sliding elements are mounted on the surface of the tile, made in the form vertically spaced pile, from opposite side ends of the tile there are connecting elements spaced apart, made in the form of spikes and corresponding grooves with the possibility of connecting the tiles into webs, characterized in that the spike is made in the form of a T-shaped in the longitudinal and L-shaped in cross-sections, a protrusion oriented in such a way that its upper shelf is bent down, while the upper bent down tenon shelf is shifted down relative to the tenon plane by the thickness of the tile base, with the possibility of placing it under the plane of the base of the tile, and the groove is made T-shaped at top view, corresponding to the shape of the stud, through the surface of the tile with entry to the stiffener running along the outer edge of the bottom of the tile with the possibility of placing a vertical shelf of the stud on this stiffener.

In particular, stiffening ribs are mounted along the outer edges of the tiles.

In particular, stiffening ribs are mounted along the inner edges of the segments.

In particular, the stiffening ribs are mounted in the center of the segments along their edges.

In particular, stiffening ribs are mounted transversely on the underside of the tile, connecting the outer and inner edges of the segments at the corners.

In particular, a chamfer is made on the edges of the downwardly bent upper flange of the stud, which facilitates the placement of the stud in the corresponding groove.

In particular, for fixing the stud inside the groove, which prevents the stud from slipping out of the groove, protrusions are made on the upper shelf of the stud.

In particular, the sliding elements are made with a diameter decreasing from the base to the top, while the diameter of the sliding elements at the base is made from 2.5 to 3.5 mm, and at the top - from 1.5 to 2.5 mm.

In particular, the sliding elements on the tile are arranged in a density of 700 to 900 elements per segment.

In particular, the ends of the sliding elements are rounded.

In particular, the height of the sliding elements of the first row is made from 18 to 23 mm, the last row from 25 to 30 mm.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a tile of artificial turf for snow tracks, simulating snow crust, 2×2 segment.

Figure 2 shows a front view of a pavement tile for snow runs imitating snow crust, 2x2 segments in size.

Figure 3 shows a General view of the fabric of artificial turf for snow tracks, imitating snow crust, of two tiles, each 2×2 segment in size.

Figure 4 shows a side view of a canvas of artificial turf for snow tracks, imitating snow crust, from two tiles, each 2 × 2 segments in size.

Figure 5 shows a front view of a pavement for snow tracks, imitating a snow crust, from two tiles, each 2 × 2 segments in size.

Figure 6 shows a general rear view of the pavement for artificial turf for snow tracks, imitating snow crust, from two tiles, each 2×2 segment in size.

The figures indicate: 1 - tiles, 2 - sliding elements, 3 - stiffeners, 4 - spikes, 5 - grooves.

Implementation of the invention.

The invention is a fragment of a removable quick-assembly artificial pavement for snow tracks, imitating snow crust, made in the form of a tile 1 (see Fig.1, 2), containing a base, sliding elements 2 and connecting elements and made of a polymer material.

The base of the tile 1 is formed from rectangular segments oriented in a horizontal plane and interconnected at the corners in one or more rows along the length or along the length and width. To increase the reliability of the connection between the segments and between the tiles, the corners of the segments are made symmetrically bevelled. The number of such segments in one row on one tile can be arbitrarily large and is limited by the optimal requirements for transportability/stacking, maintainability and ease of installation/dismantling, as well as the complexity of manufacturing.

Optimal transportability/stacking requirements are determined by the dimensions of the product, allowing the tiles to be placed in rows flat and at a height where the vertical rows will provide stability. With small sizes of tiles (with one segment), it is difficult to create high rows, and with large sizes, on the contrary, the dimensions on the plane will be significant, which makes it difficult to load / unload and place rows of tiles in the vehicle body.

Optimum maintainability conditions will be observed if the repair of the coating can be replaced as small as possible. For example, if a tile consists of only one segment, then the repair of such a tile will definitely be the most profitable, and vice versa, if a tile contains, for example, six segments, if one of the segments fails, the entire tile must be replaced, which is economically unprofitable.

The conditions under which installation/dismantling will be most convenient, in contrast to the optimal conditions for the cost-effectiveness of repairs or transportability/stacking, will be large tile sizes, since the labor intensity of the work will decrease.

It is also necessary to take into account the height differences of the base on which the tile is mounted and its natural and artificial irregularities, including those resulting from ground movement, as well as changes in the linear dimensions of the tile during heating / cooling, which affect the reliability of laying the coating, which also affects on the conditions of optimization of produced tiles sizes.

The most optimal from the point of view of the above conditions is the content in the tile from 2 to 16 elements, while it is possible to produce tiles of various standard sizes, since the method of connecting the tiles to each other into a canvas allows you to assemble it in arbitrarily large sizes.

To reduce the consumption of materials and, accordingly, the weight of the tile 1, through-slots are made inside each segment of the tile 1, the shape of which can either coincide with the shape of the segments or differ. Advantageously, the shape of the through slot is made to match the shape of the segments of the tile 1, i.e. rectangular, and the dimensions of the slot are proportional to the size of the segment of the tile.

Along the outer edges of the tile 1 and the inner edges of the segments formed, as mentioned above, through holes on both of its surfaces, stiffeners 3 are made, with the exception of beveled corners on the upper surface of the tile 1, where there are no stiffeners 3. Such an exception is made with the possibility of making connecting elements at these beveled corners, which will be discussed below. In addition, additional stiffeners 3 are made in the center of the segments along their edges, as well as across the bottom side of the tile 1, connecting the outer and inner edges of the segments at the corners.

At beveled corners from the outer surface of the tile 1, connecting elements are made, which are spikes 4 and grooves 5 corresponding to them in shape.

The spike 4 is made in the form of a protrusion orthogonally to the edge to which it is mounted, located along the surface of the tile, T-shaped in longitudinal and L-shaped in cross sections, oriented in such a way that its upper shelf is bent down. A chamfer is made on the edges of the downwardly bent upper shelf of the stud 4, which facilitates the placement of the stud 4 in the corresponding groove 5, and to fix the stud 4 inside the groove 5, which prevents the stud 4 from slipping out of the groove 5, protrusions are made on the top shelf of the stud 4, mainly of a semicircular shape. The upper bent downward flange of the stud 4 is shifted down relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the vertical shelf of the stud 4 (the plane of its placement) by the thickness of the base of the tile 1 with the possibility of placing it under the plane of the base of the tile 1.

The groove 5 is made T-shaped when viewed from above, corresponding to the shape of the stud 4, through the surface of the tile 1 with entry into the stiffening rib 3, passing along the outer edge of the bottom of the tile 1 with the possibility of placing a vertical shelf of the stud 4 on this stiffening rib 3, while the initial section of the vertical part of the groove 5 when viewed from above is located on the mentioned stiffener 3, and the end section of the vertical part of the groove 5 is made behind the said stiffener 3.

The described design features of the connecting elements (thorn 4 and groove 5) provide a horizontally movable placement of the thorn 4 in the groove 5 due to the displacement of the upper bent downward shelf of the thorn 4 by the thickness of the base of the tile 1 and the location of the end section of the vertical part of the groove 5 behind the stiffener 3 relative to the edges of the tile 1, which ensures the displacement of the tile 1 under the base of the tile 1 along it in the coating web during expansion / contraction of the material of the tile 1 at temperature differences between the environment and the base on which the tile 1 is laid and eliminates deformation of the coating web.

The spikes 4 are mounted on the outer corners of the tile segments 1 located on two combined sides, and the grooves 5 are made on the outer corners of the tile segments 1 on the other two sides of the combined sides. This arrangement ensures the connection of the tiles 1 to one another in the canvas.

Sliding elements 2 are needle multi-level, mostly three-level, pile, mounted on the upper surface of the tile 1 with equal pitch and directed vertically upwards, while said sliding elements 2 are mounted in rows from the outer and inner edges to the center with an increase in height. Sliding elements 2 are made with a diameter decreasing from the base to the top, while the diameter of the sliding elements at the base is chosen from 2.5 to 3.5 mm, and at the top - from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The sliding elements 2 on the tile 1 are placed at a density of 700 to 900 elements per segment. The ends of the sliding elements 2 are predominantly rounded. The height of the sliding elements 2 of the first row is made, mainly from 18 to 23 mm, the last row - from 25 to 30 mm, the intermediate row - the average value of the height of the sliding elements 2 of the first and last rows, when performing several intermediate rows - increasing in height with equal steps . The indicated values of the placement density of the sliding elements 2, the height of the rows, the diameter are selected experimentally. By reducing the density below 700 elements per segment or increasing the height or reducing the diameter of the sliding elements 2, the sliding elements 2 will deform more strongly under load, and by increasing the density to more than 900 elements per segment, the friction force between the sports equipment and the sliding elements 2 increases, thereby deteriorating the realism of sports. By reducing the height or increasing the diameter of the sliding elements 2, their decreasing ability to deform makes the coating more rigid and thus worsens the imitation of snow crust. In addition, by making the sliding elements 2 equal in height, the quality of the imitation of the snow crust is reduced, since when the athlete turns, the value of the friction force will practically not change.

The layout of sliding elements 2 is as follows:

the first row - the smallest in height, mounted in two rows, one along the outer edge and along the inner edge along the perimeter of all segments of the tile 1;

the last row - the largest in height, mounted in two rows parallel to the first rows and along the central line along the perimeter of all segments of the tile 1;

intermediate row - medium in height, mounted in at least two rows parallel and in the center, one row between the first and last rows along the outer and inner edges along the perimeter of all tile segments 1, while the number of intermediate rows can be more than one and the height these rows can be either the same or different, while at different heights of the sliding elements of the 2 intermediate rows, their arrangement is made starting from a lower height to a higher one and from the outer edge (first row) to the center (last row) and with an equal step.

A feature of the installation of sliding elements 2 is that the rows of sliding elements 2, mounted from the outer edge of the tile segments 1 to the center, are mounted from one groove 5 to another, without going into the spikes 4 and stiffeners 3 and indented from the edges of the groove 5 at a distance from 0.5 to 1.5 distances between the rows of the sliding cover 2.

Sliding elements 2, stiffeners 3 and spikes 4 are made integral with the tile 1 in the form of a single piece.

Installation of artificial turf for snow tracks imitating snow crust is carried out on a previously prepared hard flat surface (concrete, asphalt, wooden flooring, metal structures, etc.). For natural coverings (ground), the surface must be cleaned, flat, compacted, without side slopes, while geotextiles can be laid on the ground beforehand.

Mounting is performed from the upper (initial) shift point. During installation, the tile 1 is positioned so that the spikes 4 of the connecting elements are directed in the direction of movement along the route being mounted, with the exception of installation at the turns of the route. The spikes 4 of the tiles 1 at the turns of the track are placed down in the direction of movement of the first section and are carried out in accordance with the geometry of the track.

Before installation, the direction of the first tile 1 of the coating is determined, which depends on how many tiles 1 fit in the width of the route, and the route is analyzed for its direction of the route and its inclined surfaces. Each direction is a separate stage of installation of the coating.

On a horizontal surface, the first tile 1 is laid and fixed at the top edge. Next, the second and subsequent tiles 1 are mounted with tension using the connecting elements (see Fig.3-6). After laying the entire coating, it is tensioned and fastened to the surface. When installing the segments, the spikes 4 of the connecting elements are inserted from above into the grooves 5 until they click, ensuring that the spike 4 is completely inserted into the groove 5, and the upper shelf of the spike 4, which is spaced downwards, is placed under the plane of the base of the tile 1 and ensures that the tile 1 is displaced in the horizontal plane, moving under the base of the tile 1, the vertical shelf of the spike 4 should move along the groove 5. For convenience, a pointed object made of wood or plastic is used, which is pressed on top of the spikes 4.

When installing the coating on an inclined surface, first mount the first tile 1 and fix it by the upper edge to the surface. Further, with the help of connecting elements, the second and subsequent tiles 1 are mounted, while after mounting each tile 1, after the coating is tensioned and the newly mounted tile 1 is fixed to the surface.

It is allowed to connect tiles 1 into enlarged assemblies in advance.

After the installation of the coating is completed, first the outer tiles 1 of the coating are fixed except for the lower edge, then the tiles 1 are fixed sequentially from top to bottom along the direction of the route. Fasteners are performed by any known method, for example, self-tapping screws.

After laying, the coating is lubricated with silicone grease using a sprayer to ensure the necessary performance properties.

Artificial turf for snow runs, imitating snow crust, provides an opportunity to practice winter sports all year round. In winter, the coating due to the sliding elements 2 protruding upwards retains snow well, improves the glide of the sports equipment (equipment), protects the projectile (equipment) from damage, and also reduces the labor intensity and costs of artificial snowing of the track. In the snowless period of the year, the coating allows you to continue practicing winter sports, protects the surface of the track from soil erosion, and strengthens the grassy cover of the track. And the design features of the connecting elements, namely the spike 4 and the corresponding groove 5 due to the execution of the upper shelf of the spike 4 spaced down and shifted by the thickness of the base of the tile 1, which allows the spike 4 to move in the transverse direction inside the groove 5, and the upper shelf of the spike 4 under the base of the tile 1, provides a movable installation of the coating, prevents its destruction as a result of expansion / contraction under the influence of temperature and guarantees its reliability.

Claims (11)

Fig. 1. An artificial coating for snow trails, imitating snow crust, containing a tile formed from rectangular segments oriented in a horizontal plane and interconnected at the corners, stiffening ribs and sliding elements are mounted on the surface of the tile, made in the form of a pile vertically spaced upwards, from opposite The side ends of the tiles are made with connecting elements spaced apart and made in the form of spikes and their corresponding grooves with the possibility of connecting the tiles into webs, characterized in that the spike is made in the form of a T-shaped in longitudinal and L-shaped in cross sections, a protrusion oriented in such a way in such a way that its upper shelf is bent down, while the upper bent downward shelf of the stud is shifted down relative to the stud plane by the thickness of the tile base, with the possibility of placing it under the tile base plane, and the groove is T-shaped when viewed from above, corresponding to the shape of the stud, through the surface of the tile with a call to the stiffener passing along the outer edge of the bottom of the tile with the possibility of placing a vertical shelf of the spike on this stiffener. 2. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are mounted along the outer edges of the tile. 3. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are mounted along the inner edges of the segments. 4. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are mounted in the center of the segments along their edges. 5. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are mounted transversely on the underside of the tile, connecting the outer and inner edges of the segments at the corners. 6. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that a chamfer is made on the edges of the upper shelf of the stud bent down, which facilitates the placement of the stud in the corresponding groove. 7. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that for fixing the stud inside the groove, which prevents the stud from slipping out of the groove, protrusions are made on the upper shelf of the stud. 8. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding elements are made with a diameter decreasing from the base to the top, while the diameter of the sliding elements at the base is made from 2.5 to 3.5 mm, and at the top - from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. 9. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding elements on the tile are placed at a density of 700 to 900 elements per segment. 10. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the sliding elements are rounded. 11. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the sliding elements of the first row is made from 18 to 23 mm, the last row from 25 to 30 mm.

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