RU2793044C1 - Insertable electronic pressure recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military technology.

SUBSTANCE: plug-in electronic pressure recorder contains a housing with a piezo pressure sensor placed inside it, an electronic signal conversion/registration module and a power source. A delay line is included in the electrical circuit between the piezo pressure sensor and the electronic module, and the power source is made based on a piezoelectric impact energy generator with a voltage converter, which creates the necessary initial energy to power the recorder in the preliminary period of the shot, and the threshold sensitivity of the piezocrystal used in it to the mechanical load is higher sensitivity of the piezocrystal pressure sensor.

EFFECT: measuring equipment designed to test artillery systems, their components, research gunpowder and ammunition.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of military technology, specifically to measuring equipment designed to test artillery systems, their components, research gunpowder and ammunition.

In experimental ballistics and for solving practical problems in the study of high-energy propellants, determining the size of their optimal weights and testing artillery pieces, one of the main types of measurements is to determine the pressure in the charging chamber and the gun bore.

The most common method for measuring the maximum pressure in artillery pieces when fired was and remains the crusher method. This is explained by the fact that crusher pressure is included in the current regulatory and technical documentation for powder charges and gunpowder, and it is used to evaluate the performance of artillery systems.

In known devices that implement the crusher method, the maximum value of powder gas pressure is determined by the magnitude of the axial residual deformation of the measuring elements - various shapes (cylindrical, cylindrical-conical, spherical), usually made of copper, and placed in the body of the crusher device.

A typical design of an insert crushing device /1/ is a cylindrical body covered with a copper jacket with a cavity for placing a measuring element - a crushing column and a threaded socket with a plug placed in it.

On the opposite side of the threaded socket, the body of the device has a channel for a piston that presses the crusher against the plug by means of a spring. The crasher is centered in the housing cavity with a rubber ring. To eliminate the possibility of a breakthrough of powder gases into the crushing device, the piston is made somewhat shorter than the channel, and the free part of the channel is filled with mastic from a mixture of cannon fat and wax. For the same purpose, the cover of the crusher device during assembly is recessed below the level of the body, and the outer platform of the cover along the circular line of contact with the body is also coated with mastic.

The disadvantages of this design include:

1) The use of rather scarce and expensive copper for the manufacture of crash bars.

2) A large number of operations for the manufacture of crusher posts, such as:

- annealing;

- homogeneity check;

- checking the stiffness;

- checking the surface strength.

3) Single use of the measuring element.

4) Measurement of only the maximum pressure of powder gases, and unsuitability for recording the nature of pressure changes over time.

However, recently there have been many developments in the field of pressure measurements using various types of electronic devices, in particular with the use of piezoelectric sensors /2/, which allow recording not only the maximum pressure of powder gases during firing, but also the nature of its change over time.

Closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical essence and the achieved result is a plug-in electronic pressure recorder /3/ that allows recording and storing the pressure curve, containing a housing with a piezo pressure sensor placed inside it, an electronic module for converting and recording a signal and a power source.

When testing with the help of a special block of programming equipment, the electronic module of the recorder is programmed, the recorder is placed in the gun's charging chamber and is in the standby mode for a shot. When fired under the influence of the pressure of powder gases, the piezo pressure sensor generates a signal - a high-voltage voltage, the value of which correlates with the specific value of the current pressure. The signal from the piezoelectric sensor is processed by an electronic module powered by an internal power source (battery), after which it is recorded and stored on the internal memory of the device.

After the recorder is removed from the gun chamber, the recorded information is read - the powder gas pressure curve.

The disadvantage of this electronic pressure recorder is its unsuitability for use both when testing at low negative temperatures - down to -50 ° C and below, and during accelerated climatic tests, when the object under test (unitary ammunition) is subjected to cyclic temperature effects of heating / cooling with appropriate time exposures in the temperature range from +50 °С to -50 °С. Under conditions of such temperature loads, there is a high probability of a temporary loss of operability of the internal power supply of the recorder, and as a result, the failure of the recorder during testing.

The technical task of the present invention is to eliminate this disadvantage, namely, to ensure the possibility of using in conditions of low negative temperatures and accelerated climatic tests.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the known electronic pressure recorder, containing a housing with a piezo pressure sensor placed inside it, an electronic signal conversion / recording module and a power source, in accordance with the invention, a delay line is included in the electrical circuit between the piezo pressure sensor and the electronic module, and the power source is made on the basis of a piezoelectric shock energy generator with a voltage converter, which creates the necessary initial energy to power the recorder in the preliminary period of the shot, and the threshold sensitivity of the piezocrystal used in it to the mechanical load is higher than the sensitivity of the pressure sensor piezocrystal.

The necessity and sufficiency of the above distinctive features of the proposed technical solutions can be explained as follows.

Additional placement in the housing of a piezoelectric impact energy generator with a voltage converter, electrically connected to the electronic module, will make it possible to provide electrical power to the electronic module for signal conversion and recording. The presence in the electrical connection between the piezo pressure sensor and the electronic module of the delay line, as well as different threshold sensitivity to the mechanical load of the piezocrystals of the impact energy generator and the piezo pressure sensor, will provide the margin of time necessary to bring the electronic module into working condition. Thus, the voltage from the piezoelectric shock energy generator will be transmitted through the voltage converter to the electronic module ahead of the signal from the piezo pressure sensor.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 block diagram of the electronic pressure recorder. To simplify the images, the body of the recorder is conventionally not shown.

The electronic pressure recorder (Fig. 1) contains a piezo pressure sensor 1 and an electronic module 2 placed inside the housing. A delay line 3 is located between the piezo pressure sensor 1 and the electronic module 2. A piezoelectric impact energy generator 4 is additionally placed in the housing, electrically connected to the electronic module 2 through voltage converter 5.

Preliminary adjustment/programming of the electronic module, as well as the removal of information obtained during the testing process from it, is carried out by a set of equipment for programming, reading and processing information 6.

The operation of the insert electronic pressure recorder under low-temperature conditions is carried out as follows.

In the computer included in the set of equipment for programming, reading and processing information 6, software information about the order/modes of operation of the recorder is generated and transferred to the non-volatile permanent storage device of the electronic module 2, for example, via the USB Type C interface.

The registrar is placed in the charging chamber of the gun or the cartridge case of the unitary ammunition and is in standby mode for the shot. Depending on the test conditions, the gun chamber or unitary ammunition (together with the propellant charge inside them) is subjected to one-time cooling to a temperature of up to -50 ° C and below, or heating / cooling cyclic temperature effects with appropriate time exposures in the temperature range from +50 °С to -50 °С.

In the preliminary period of the shot, under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases, the piezoelectric impact energy generator 4 and the piezo pressure sensor 1 generate signals - a high-voltage voltage, the value of which correlates with the specific value of the current pressure. Due to the different threshold sensitivity to the mechanical load of the piezocrystals of the impact energy generator 4 and the pressure sensor 1, as well as the presence in the electrical circuit between the pressure sensor 1 and the electronic module 2 of the delay line 3 between these signals, a time delay is provided. The signal from the impact energy generator 4 through the voltage converter 5 is fed to the electronic module 2 and brings it into working condition. Then, after the time delay has elapsed, a signal from the pressure sensor 1 arrives at the electronic module 2. The electronic module 2 continuously processes the signal and writes the results to the non-volatile memory element.

After the recorder is removed from the gun chamber (or lifted from the surface of the test site after the unitary ammunition has left the cartridge case and the gun bore), the recorded information is read - the powder gas pressure curve by means of a set of programming, reading and information processing equipment 6.

With the use of modern structural materials and radio-electronic elemental base, the recorder can be structurally made in volume and with strength characteristics similar to those used in standard plug-in crusher devices.

Thus, the proposed version of the design of the electronic pressure recorder makes it possible to study the intra-ballistic characteristics of high-energy propellants and artillery weapons in conditions of low negative temperatures and cyclic temperature changes during accelerated climatic tests with registration of the nature of changes in the pressure of powder gases over time.

In addition, the design of the electronic pressure recorder, as well as the prototype design, allows you to register the pressure curve when firing from unequipped positions, in the absence of the possibility of drilling barrels, using screw crusher devices / sensors and supplying measuring lines.

Sources of information taken into account when making an application:

1) Medvedeva N.P. Experimental ballistics. Part I (Methods for measuring pressure) - Tomsk: Tomsk State University, 2006. - 172 p.

2) Rudenko V.L., Palekhov O.N., Abushkevich V.I. - Izhevsk: Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Chemical physics and mesoscopy. Volume 8, No. 3, 2006, p. 321-326.

3) Zamaruev V.M. Modern methods for measuring the intra-ballistic pressure of powder gases in artillery guns and simulators - Izhevsk: Proceedings of the 7th All-Russian Conference "Intra-chamber processes and combustion in solid fuel installations and barrel systems" (ICOC-2011), p. 134-144.

Claims (1)

A plug-in electronic pressure recorder, comprising a housing with a piezo pressure sensor placed inside it, an electronic signal conversion / recording module and a power source, characterized in that a delay line is included in the electrical circuit between the piezo pressure sensor and the electronic module, and the power source is made on the basis of a piezoelectric shock generator energy with a voltage converter that creates the necessary initial energy to power the recorder in the preliminary period of the shot, and the threshold sensitivity of the piezocrystal used in it to the mechanical load is higher than the sensitivity of the pressure sensor piezocrystal.

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