RU2792588C1 - Combined complex of physical protection of objects, territories, and adjacent water areas with automation of guard processes for reduction in number of human resources for its service - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: territory protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of physical protection of objects, territories, and adjacent water areas. A combined complex additionally includes: a system for detection of intruders on approaches to an object (DIA), consisting of three subsystems: a subsystem for control of adjacent territories (CAT), a subsystem for control of an air space (CAS), and the fifth subsystem of means of communication with local computing network (hereinafter – LCN) means; an alarm-calling signaling system (ACS) with means of communication with a central control room (hereinafter – CCR); a system of object detection means (ODM) with means of communication with CCR. All systems of the combined complex are combined into a single information space of information control and display, which provides simultaneous information exchange of complex systems with CCR system by means of means of communication with LCN means, using a radio channel and a communication line; analysis of situations; combination and comparison of data on a state of own technical means; determination of a response plan; support of decision-making; automatic standard procedures, as well as the use of tools for settlement of disturbing situations.

EFFECT: increase in a degree of complex automation.

13 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of physical protection of objects, territories and adjacent water areas using a security alarm designed to detect violators, with the organization of access and screening of personnel and visitors to the objects, and using the control of security forces and means. The proposed combined complex of physical protection of objects, territories and adjacent water areas (hereinafter referred to as the complex) can also be used in the design of anti-terrorist protection of especially important objects.

The protection of the State Border of the Russian Federation, extended perimeters, vast territories and adjacent water areas of especially important objects (for example, objects of the State Corporation Rosatom) was initially associated with the presence of a large number of engineering facilities (IS), a central control point (CCP), checkpoints ( KPP), an extensive information transmission system (information channel) and a significant number of technical means of detection (TSO) and means of optoelectronic surveillance (SOES). Such protection is well known and is implemented in the form of system variants in which each TSO and SOEN is directly connected to the CPU through an information channel. The presence in such a system of a large number of TCO and SOEN with a large amount of transmitted information, as well as the presence of a checkpoint, determines increased requirements for the functioning of the system and, accordingly, requires a large number of personnel to ensure the functioning of the system at various levels. In addition, a necessary condition for the existence of physical protection systems (PSS) of objects is the protection of these objects, perimeters, territories and adjacent water areas using departmental security units and personnel of special services units. A large number of human resources to ensure the functioning of the PPS of the facility and its protection imposes certain requirements on the organization of the service of the personnel of the power units for the protection and control over compliance with all the internal regulations of the service personnel. Thanks to the rapidly growing digital economy, the world is increasingly using intelligent information processing methods to analyze various situations and make the right decision. These methods can also be used in the field of PPS in relation to objects where a large number of sources of heterogeneous information should be analyzed. The use of intelligent methods for obtaining and processing information will increase the level of automation of the complex and reduce the number of human resources.

Known "Radar system for the protection of territories with a low-frame video surveillance system and the optimal number of security forces", described in patent RU No. 2595532, IPC G08B 25/00, G08B 19/00, G01S 3/72, publ. 2016 The system consists of the following groups of equipment: a set of detection tools operating on different physical principles (radar stations, video cameras and thermal imagers), a central security console (CPO), as well as equipment for the security forces, containing one or more sets of technical means of power groups response (TS GSR), automated workstations (AWS) of operators as part of the CPO, switch and stationary terminal of the CPO. Each workstation contains an additional recognition device, a monitoring terminal and a stationary workstation terminal. Each GSR vehicle set contains a mobile navigator terminal, a GLONASS/GPS navigator, a mobile radio communication terminal and a portable security console. The system provides intruder recognition in low-frame mode and classification of moving objects according to the "friend or foe" criterion. Force response groups can advance towards the detected intruder and carry out the suppression of the intruder's actions using lethal and non-lethal methods of influence.

Similar essential features are: a set of detection tools operating on different physical principles, the CPO, the equipment of the security forces, the operator's workstation, navigation equipment and radio communication equipment, the ability to recognize an intruder and classify moving objects according to the "friend or foe" criterion, as well as the ability to use groups force response to stop the actions of the offender.

The disadvantage of the system is its complexity, bulkiness, insufficient level of automation of functioning processes and the presence of numerous service personnel.

These shortcomings are partially eliminated in another, the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention, the known "Low maintenance system for the physical protection of objects", described in patent RU No. 2708509, IPC G06F 17/00, publ. 2019, which is selected as a prototype. The system contains the core of the system in the form of a central control center (CPU), which includes interconnected automated workstation (AWP) of the operator, database servers, display facilities and local area network (LAN) facilities; complexes of technical means (CTS) of control and automation, including technical means of detection (TCO), operating on different physical principles, stationary, autonomous, and made with the ability to receive control information from the CPU and transmit signals to the CPU with the numbers of control sections for processing, as well as mobile posts for territory control, with navigation aids and means of communication with LAN facilities; security force equipment (ASO) with means of lethal and non-lethal effects, deterrents, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), having navigation tools for linking objects to a local or geographic coordinate system, and means of communication with the CPU; automated checkpoint equipment (AA checkpoint) containing communication means and LAN means and made with the ability to control the passage to the protected area and transmit data to the CPU; robotic means (PC) designed to check and control the parts included in the system and exchange information with the communication means of the CPU; engineering means (IS) of protective structures, having control mechanisms, made with the possibility of exchanging information with the CCP, made with the possibility of processing incoming information using intelligent neural networks to detect the fact of violation of the security line, identify the intruder and exchange information by means of LAN between the CCP, CTS and AACC .

Similar essential features are: the core of the system in the form of a central control center (CPU), which includes interconnected automated workstation (AWP) of the operator, database servers, display facilities and local area network (LAN) facilities; complexes of technical means (CTS) of control and automation, including stationary technical means of detection (TSO), operating on different physical principles and made with the possibility of receiving control information from the CPU and transmitting to the CPU signals with the numbers of control sections for processing; mobile control posts (MPC) of the territory, with means of navigation and means of communication with LAN means; security force equipment (ASO) with means of lethal and non-lethal effects, deterrents, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), having navigation tools for linking objects to a local or geographic coordinate system, and communication tools for communicating with the CPU; equipment of an automated checkpoint (AA checkpoint), containing communication means and LAN means and made with the ability to control the passage to the protected area and transmit data to the CPU; robotic means (PC) designed to check and control the parts included in the system and exchange information with the communication means of the CPU; engineering means (IS) of protective structures, having control mechanisms, made with the possibility of exchanging information with the CCP, made with the possibility of processing incoming information using intelligent neural networks to detect the fact of violation of the security boundary, identify the intruder and exchange information by means of the LAN between the CCP, CTS and AA Checkpoint.

The disadvantage of the system is the lack of the necessary arsenal of tools for a more complete automation of the complex and a reduction in the number of human resources.

The purpose of the present invention is to expand the arsenal of tools to increase the degree of automation of the complex and reduce the number of human resources for its maintenance.

This goal is achieved through:

- automation of the processes of detection and identification of a potential intruder;

- reducing the number of false positives of the complex when using intelligent information processing algorithms, including neural network algorithms and fuzzy logic algorithms with the possibility of learning and predicting the system operation;

- use of a detailed analysis of threat events and a decision support system;

- use of big data analysis (big data);

- the possibility of combining data coming from detection tools operating on different physical principles to ensure the maximum detection probability and reduce the number of false alarms;

- the possibility of classifying moving objects according to the criterion "friend or foe";

- the use of robotic means for remote adjustment, verification and control of the components of the complex with the possibility of patrolling the area, carrying out control passes in the detection zones, as well as to provide temporary protection of some zones in case of failure of technical means or repair work and the organization of additional security lines;

- use of systems of sound, light and chemical deterrence of potential violators;

- use at checkpoints of automated personality control systems using biometric methods of control and automation of inspection procedures;

- connection of rapid response forces (capture groups) to eliminate threats and their information support using a decision support system;

- use of lethal and non-lethal means of influencing the identified violator;

- use of an extensive network of navigation and communications using GLONASS / GPS and other types of communications;

- use of UAVs to identify threatening situations;

- use of control of adjacent territories and airspace;

- use of an electronic control and trace strip;

- use of electronic forms for accounting, control and long-term storage of the necessary information;

- combining all systems of the complex into a single information space for managing and displaying information with the ability to analyze situations, combine and compare data on the state of own technical means, determine a response plan, support decision making, perform automatic standard procedures, and use tools to resolve situations.

The protection of the State Border of the Russian Federation, long perimeters, territories and adjacent water areas of especially important objects imposes increased requirements on the accuracy of detecting alarm situations and illegal acts with recognition of objects of violation and suppression of unauthorized actions, which should be ensured by the high functional reliability of the complex.

To achieve this goal, new essential features and functional links of information support were introduced into the well-known technical solution due to the processing of big data (big data) and decision support systems that allow increasing the degree of automation of the complex, thereby ensuring reliable protection of the State Border of the Russian Federation, long perimeters, territories and adjacent water areas of critical facilities and reduce the number of human resources.

This goal was achieved in the proposed combined complex of physical protection of objects, territories and adjacent water areas with automation of security processes, containing a central control center (CPU) system, which includes interconnected automated workstations (AWS) of operators, database servers, tools display, the first subsystem of means of communication with the means of a local area network (LAN); a system of technical means (TS) of control and automation, which includes a subsystem of stationary technical means of detection (TSO) operating on different physical principles and capable of receiving control information from the CPU and transmitting to the CPU information with the numbers of control sections for processing, and also a subsystem of mobile control posts (MPC) of the territory with navigation aids, a subsystem of video surveillance equipment (VN) and a second subsystem of communications equipment with LAN facilities; a system with equipment for security forces (ASO) with means of lethal, non-lethal impact and scare, having navigation tools for linking objects to a local or geographic coordinate system, including a subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and a third subsystem of communications with LAN means; a system with equipment for automated checkpoints (AA checkpoints), containing a fourth subsystem of communication facilities with LAN facilities and made with the ability to control passages and passages to a protected area and transmit data to the CPU, a system of robotic tools (PC) designed to check and control components included in the complex and exchange of information with means of communication with the CPU; a system of engineering means (IS) of protective structures with control mechanisms with means of communication with the CPU; all systems of the combined complex are configured to exchange information with the CPU system, which is configured to process incoming information using intelligent neural networks to detect the fact of violation of the security line, identify the intruder, and exchange information by means of the LAN between the CPU, TS, ASO and AA checkpoint. The composition of the combined complex additionally includes: an intruder detection system at the approaches (ONP) to the object, consisting of three subsystems: the subsystem for monitoring adjacent territories (CPT), the airspace control subsystem (AIC) and the fifth subsystem of communications with LAN means; alarm-call signaling system (TV C) with means of communication with the CPU; system of object detection means (OSO) with means of communication with the CPU; and all systems of the combined complex are combined into a single information space for managing and displaying information. The subsystem for monitoring adjacent territories (CPT) is made using several coherent radar facilities with a sector or circular view, which ensure the creation of a continuous radar control zone with the ability to determine the trajectory of intruders. The airspace control subsystem (ASC) is made using several three-coordinate radar facilities with electronic beam scanning in space, providing the detection of low-altitude, low-speed moving air objects, including UAVs, in the entire upper hemisphere of the protected area. The alarm-call signaling system (FA) is made with the use of control posts and security manual call points, made with the possibility of prompt notification of emerging service and alarm situations. The system of object detection tools (OSD) is made using tools designed for heated and unheated premises with the possibility of forming linear and volumetric detection zones that provide detection and registration of unauthorized entry into the premises. The subsystem of video surveillance equipment (VN) is made using optical and optoelectronic surveillance and video control equipment in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges, while the surveillance and video control equipment is controlled automatically or in an automated mode by LAN commands, depending on the location of the intruder detection. The system with the equipment of automated checkpoints (AA checkpoints) is made with the possibility of using means of inspection (SD) of passing personnel and passing vehicles for admission, carrying or transportation of prohibited items, including weapons, radioactive materials, explosives and poisonous substances, moreover screening of passing personnel is made with the possibility of using various types of biometric identification. The system of robotic means (PC) is configured to patrol the area to check the state of technical means by reading information from their memory, to carry out control passes in detection zones, to provide temporary protection of some detection zones in case of failure of technical means or repair work, and also for the organization of additional lines of protection. The system of engineering means (IS) of protective structures is made with the additional possibility of using an electronic control-trace strip (EKSP), located along the perimeter barrier and consisting of numerous seismic sensors buried in the ground, located along the width of the strip and its length, and equipped with video surveillance equipment located on supports along the perimeter at some distance from each other. The subsystems of stationary technical means of detection (TSO) and mobile control posts (MPC) are designed to operate on different physical principles: radio beam, radio wave, vibrometric, magnetometric, infrared, seismic, and provide digital methods for obtaining and processing information. The subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is made with the possibility of patrolling the protected area with video filming of the area to analyze alarm situations and accompany the identified intruder objects in the protected area with the continuation of video surveillance and reporting additional information to the CCP system. The technical means of the subsystems TSO, MPK and VN are equipped with electronic forms (EF) for accounting, control and long-term storage of the necessary information during their operation. The CPU system is made with the additional ability to process information using big data analysis (big data), fuzzy logic algorithms, as well as using a decision support system. A single information space for managing and displaying information ensures the simultaneous exchange of information between the systems of the complex and the CPU system through means of communication with the means of a local area network (LAN) using a radio channel and a communication line; situation analysis; consolidation and comparison of data on the state of own technical means; defining a response plan; decision support; execution of automatic standard procedures, as well as the use of tools to resolve alarm situations.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a drawing, which shows the main attributes of the complex.

The following designations are introduced on the drawing: the system of the central control point (CCP) - 1, the system of technical means (TS) of control and automation - 2, the system with the equipment of the security forces (ASO) - 3, the system for detecting intruders on the approaches (ONP) to the object - 4 , a system with equipment for automated checkpoints (AA checkpoints) - 5, a system of robotic means (PC) - 6, a system of engineering means (IS) of protective structures - 6, an alarm system (TVS) - 8, a system of facility facilities detection (OSO) - 9, electronic control and trail strip (EXP) - 10, radio communication channel - 11, communication line - 12, automated workstations (AWS) of operators - 13, database servers - 14, display means - 15, the first subsystem of means of communication with means of a local area network (LAN) - 16, subsystem of stationary technical means of detection (TSO) - 17, subsystem of mobile control posts (MPC) - 18, subsystem of video surveillance equipment (VN) - 19, second p subsystem of means of communication with LAN means - 20, means of lethal, non-lethal impact and scaring - 21, means of navigation - 22, subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) - 23, third subsystem of means of communication with means of LAN - 24, means of screening - 25, fourth subsystem of communication means with LAN means - 26, subsystem of control of adjacent territories (CPT) - 27, subsystem of airspace control (ACS) - 28, subsystem of means of communication with means of LAN - 29, means of communication with the CPU - 30, seismic sensors -31 .

The proposed complex works as follows.

The system of technical means TC 2 for monitoring and automation of the complex includes a subsystem of stationary technical means for detecting TCO 17, operating on different physical principles and capable of receiving control information from the CPU 1 and transmitting to the CPU 1 signals with the numbers of control sections for processing, as well as a subsystem of mobile control posts of the MPC 18 of the territory with navigation tools, a subsystem of video surveillance equipment VN 19 and a second subsystem of communication equipment with LAN 20.

The complex provides protection of the territory in the open area. When organizing the protection of the State Border of the Russian Federation, an extended perimeter or territory of a particularly important object, the entire perimeter or territory is conditionally divided into many control areas (control posts), which host many TSOs, MPKs and VNs. Each control post generates the number (address) of "its" zone or area. A plurality of territorially located control posts are connected to the CPU 1 via the second subsystem of communication means with LAN 20 via communication line 12 and using a radio communication channel 11.

The CPU 1 system includes workstations of operators 13, database servers 14, display means 15, the first subsystem of means of communication with LAN means 16. CPU 1 is provided with archival memory located in database servers 14. Display means 15 are made with the possibility of alarm notification and displaying TSO, MPK and VN on the terrain plan, registration of alarm messages from TSO and MPK, as well as generated "Alarm" signals in each of the stationary and mobile control posts of the territory. The communication of the systems included in the complex with the CPU 1 is carried out by means of the first subsystem of means of communication with the means of the LAN 16 through the communication line 12 and using the radio communication channel 11.

TSO and IPC, included in the system of technical means of TC 2 control and automation, are made with the possibility of receiving control information from the CPU 1, as well as transmitting to the CPU 1 a large data stream through the second subsystem of communications with LAN 20 through the communication line 12 and using radio communication channel 11. Data from the TSO and the IPC can be transmitted in digital format as separate files (frames) to the CPU 1 in a structured or unstructured form in case of an alarm situation or a change in the situation in the control areas. This data may include the following information:

- presence of an alarm signal (yes/no);

- probabilistic sign of the reliability of anxiety (from 0 to 1, for example, 0.98);

- place of violation of the protected boundary (number of the control area, number of the segment of the control area);

- classification of the detected object (“single”, “group”, “vehicle”);

- direction of movement ("to us", "away from us");

- speed of movement;

- parameters of the violation object (overall dimensions);

- the detected object has a metal weapon (“armed”, “not armed”);

- signal fragment;

- signal level (energy);

- signal spectrum;

- other signs and parameters (on/off, battery discharge, threshold levels, malfunction, processing error, etc.).

TSS and MPC can work on different physical principles. Seismic alarm sensors, radio wave alarm sensors, passive infrared alarm sensors, magnetometric alarm sensors, single-position or two-position radio-beam alarm sensors and vibration alarm sensors installed on a physical barrier can be used as TSO and MPC.

When identifying threats in TSS and MPC, operating on different physical principles, polysyllabic signs, which are not always expressed explicitly, can be used. For example, for a seismic detection tool, one of the signs is the energy of the spectrum in the sliding window, the other is the number of signal trains (steps) of the intruder recorded in the detection zone, the third is the time delays between individual signals. For a chirp radar, a feature is a shift in the harmonics of the signal spectrum by some amount in the frequency domain. For a passive IR sensor, the signs can be the number of intersections by the intruder of the narrow sectors of the detection zone and the time intervals between the rising and falling edges of the shadowing signals of the sectors of the detection zone. Thus, detection tools that work with complex algorithms can generate polysyllabic features. All the data and signs described above are conditionally combined by the term "attack signature".

The information processing algorithms in the complex are made with the possibility of using neural network algorithms and fuzzy logic algorithms for intelligent information processing and combining alarm messages necessary for training and predicting the operation of the complex based on the analysis of threat events, taking into account the physical principle of TSS and MPK operation, their location on the ground, season, time of day, meteorological conditions and operational situation at the protection facility associated with the occurrence of threats. Increasing the degree of automation of the complex is aimed at ensuring the principle of reliability and survivability in normal and emergency situations and in the conditions of using a decision support system.

When an object (for example, a violator) enters the protected area at one of the control posts, the corresponding TCO or IPC will generate threat signals with “their” numbers (addresses) of the control areas and the necessary related data that will be transmitted through the second subsystem of communications with LAN 20 via communication line 12 and using a radio communication channel 11 in the CPU 1 for data analysis and processing.

As a result of the analysis, taking into account the signatures of attacks and the combination of TSO and MPC, CPU 1 classifies moving objects according to the "friend or foe" criterion, confirms or does not confirm the threat that has arisen, and, if the threat is confirmed, generates a generalized "Alarm" signal.

TSO and MPK, made in the form of alarm sensors, can be configured to detect a human intruder, or to detect larger objects, such as cars and trucks, tracked and horse-drawn vehicles. Alarm sensors operating on different physical principles have their own characteristics of functioning under various man-made, seasonal and weather conditions. For example, seismic alarm sensors degrade performance during heavy rains, wetting and waterlogging of the soil. Infrared alarm sensors reduce performance in fog. Radio beam and radio wave alarm sensors are sensitive to the effects of electronic interference operating in their operating frequency ranges. Vibration alarm sensors installed on the fence are sensitive to strong continuous wind loads. Therefore, the combination of the physical principles of operation of alarm sensors is an important direction in the organization of security.

To implement the secrecy (or camouflage) of the operation of the complex, it is recommended to use seismic or radio wave underground detection tools installed in the ground as TSS. Such means can be point seismic detection tools BSK-SSO (BAZhK.425139.010) and radio wave underground detection tools BSK-RVP (BAZHK.425142.058) of the Pautina-M complex, described in the materials on the website www.nikiret.ru. Seismic detection tools provide classification of the detected object (“single”, “group”, “vehicle”) and determine the direction of movement (“towards us”, “away from us”). Radio wave underground detection tools ensure operation on terrain with a complex landscape (hills, ravines, rocky terraces, wooded, swampy and densely vegetated terrain, sand dunes, etc.). To control the carrying of metal objects (for example, firearms and cold steel) by a person-intruder into the territory of a protected facility, magnetometric detection tools can be used as TSS, providing the formation of signals of the presence of metal weapons (“armed” or “not armed”).

The subsystem of mobile control points MPC 18 can be used to create rapidly deployable places for temporary basing of people, vehicles, material assets. On long flat areas of the terrain, radio-beam single-position (BSK-RLO, BZHAK.425142.050) and two-position (BSK-RLD, BZHAK.425142.051) detection tools of the Pautina-M complex can be used. On hard-to-reach areas of the terrain (roads, forest paths, mountain passes, gorges, ravines, etc.), passive infrared detection devices BSK-IK (BZhAK.425152.003) can be used. All of these technical means are described in detail in the materials on the website www.nikiret.ru.

The information coming to the CPU 1 from the TSO, as a rule, are uncorrelated and carries different information that complements each other. A comparative analysis of this information and a combination of various factors make it possible with a high probability to reveal the fact of violation of the security line and identify the offender.

The processing of information received from the TSO is carried out in the system based on the analysis of threat events according to the criteria of the maximum probability of detection or the minimum number of false alarms and taking into account the physical principle of operation of alarm sensors, their location on the ground, as well as depending on the time of year, time of day, weather conditions and the operational situation at the object of protection associated with the emergence of threats. When using the TCO combination mechanism, information processing algorithms are selected in accordance with the decision rules “AND”, “OR”, “2 out of 3”, depending on tactical tasks.

Information processing algorithms can be selected based on the analysis of threat events with the possibility of using more complex intelligent algorithms of fuzzy logic (Fuzzy Logic) or a neural sensor network. The fuzzy logic algorithm in signal processing is a well-known algorithm and is used, for example, in radio beam alarm sensors of the ERMO 482X PRO series from CIAS, www.cias-russia.ru. Training and forecasting of the operation of the sensor network of the complex is carried out in accordance with the use of neural network algorithms. Intelligent neural network algorithms are used to qualitatively detect the fact of violation of the security line, identify the offender and the possibility of predicting responses to threats in the future. Event forecasting is carried out by accumulating and storing attack signatures in the system for a certain period of time, followed by identifying the dynamics of changes in threats and determining the trend of their aggravation. The principle of operation of a trained neural sensor network is well known and is described in detail, for example, in patents: US No. 5276770 (“Training a neural network for combining data with multiple sources”), US No. 7429923 (“Neural sensor networks”), US No. 8615476 (“Protection of military perimeters from an approaching person and vehicle using a biologically realistic neural network”) and RU No. 2665264 (“Intelligent intruder detection system”). The use of intelligent algorithms will significantly improve the performance characteristics of the proposed system in terms of more reliable detection of intruders and increase its noise immunity, and, as a result, it makes it possible to reduce the number of human resources required to check and eliminate false events in a protected area.

Automated control methods in the analysis of threat events can also use the following additional features:

- adaptation to threats and models of violators;

- taking into account weather conditions in order to adjust processing algorithms (for example, in case of rain, hail, strong wind, fog, etc.);

- polling the state of neighboring TSOs in order to make a final decision about an alarming situation in a certain control area of a protected area (for example, during a thunderstorm or strong gusts of wind);

- accumulation of data to take them into account when analyzing the state of TSS in the event of similar situations in the future;

- the use of sleep mode (sleep) to save energy system;

- distribution and redistribution of computing resources between the CPU, TSO and MPC using LAN facilities;

- the use of information about the distance to the place of violation, the parameters of the object of violation, the speed and direction of its movement through the guarded border to identify the object of violation by class (human, small animal or bird, vehicle), which provides additional information to the security forces to counter violators.

The processing of a large amount of information in a complex should be carried out using the analysis of big data (big data) and taking into account the requirements of the decision support system. The use of big data analysis in security systems is well known and is described, for example, in patents for inventions RU No. 2682013 and RU No. 2731032. The decision support system should use the integration and comparison of data on the state of its own technical means, follow the response plan, support the decisions made with information, apply automatic standard procedures, and also ensure the use of tools to resolve alarm situations.

Automation of the processes of obtaining and processing information, leading to an increase in the noise immunity of the system, eliminates the need for frequent promotion of service personnel to remote security areas to clarify and analyze situations on the ground that lead to false alarms. Hence, as a consequence, the possibility of reducing human resources.

The VN 19 video surveillance subsystem is made using optical and optoelectronic surveillance and video monitoring tools in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges, while the monitoring and video monitoring tools are controlled automatically or in an automated mode by LAN commands, depending on the location of the intruder detection. To confirm attempts to overcome the security line, video surveillance equipment is used, which are video cameras and thermal imagers operating in continuous or low-frame modes.

The subsystem of video surveillance equipment ensures the identification of the intruder by his visual observation by the operator on the means of displaying information of the CPU in real time. The devices of the subsystem are dual-band optoelectronic modules (OEM) operating in the visible (video camera) and infrared (thermal imager) wavelength ranges, and perform the task day and night. The characteristics of the OEMs that make up the subsystem provide identification of objects at distances up to 3 km. The differences between the subsystem of video surveillance equipment in the claimed complex from known analogues are as follows:

- OEM uses thermal imagers with a cooled matrix, which have a high temperature sensitivity, for example, (20-25 mK);

- subsystem devices are controlled from the CPU by commands from three subsystems: subsystem TSO 17, subsystem for control of adjacent territories KPT 27 and airspace control subsystem KVP 28;

- the subsystem of video surveillance equipment has a video auto-tracking mode that allows you to automatically carry out the primary aiming of the optical axes of devices at an object detected by other subsystems, while further tracking of the object of observation is carried out independently of these subsystems, which frees up their work resource for viewing space;

- the performance characteristics of the devices of the subsystem of video surveillance equipment are selected in such a way that the recognition ranges are equal or close to the ranges of their detection by the subsystems for monitoring the adjacent territories of the SPT and airspace control of the STOL, which ensures the continuity of the detection and identification processes in the complex and eliminates possible loss of time.

Examples of used OEM subsystems of video surveillance equipment are optoelectronic modules of the Focus series used in offline mode (patent for invention RU No. 2427006, patent for utility model RU No. 136590), and a number of others.

The low-frame operation mode used in video surveillance equipment is well-known and is described in patents RU No. 2517042 (“Low-frame video surveillance system for monitoring extended security lines”) and RU No. 2504015 (“Low-frame mobile video surveillance system”). In the monitoring zone, products of "Kamuflazh-Video" BAZhK.463349.005 (www.nikiret.ru) can be used as mobile control posts.

The established fact of the intruder's penetration into the protected area, his identification and determination of data on the location of the violation, the direction and speed of movement, as well as the degree of his armament, make it possible to manage with a smaller number of security forces to stop the actions of the intruder, thereby reducing the total number of human resources of the protected object.

The system with the equipment of the security forces ASO 3 includes means 21 of lethal, non-lethal impact and scare, and a subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles UAV 23. Communication of ASO 3 with the CPU 1 is carried out through the third subsystem of communications with LAN 24 through the communication line 12 and using radio communication channel 11.

The use of lethal agents in security alarms is well known and is described, for example, in patent RU No. for the purpose of preventing a terrorist act.

The means of non-lethal impact include, for example, the non-lethal impact of electric current when trying to overcome the protective barrier. Non-lethal impact can be carried out using underbarrel grenade launchers with irritating, light-sound and shock-shock ammunition. It is allowed to use light-sound and annoying grenades such as "Dawn", "Flame", "Torch" and "Drift".

Speech, sound, light and chemical means of influence can be used as deterrents 19. For example, a loud scream recorded on a tape recorder, a bright flash of light, a deafening sonic boom, the application of coloring or foul-smelling extracts to the offender's clothes. Simultaneously with these actions that prevent the movement of a person in a protected area, it is possible to use means that scare away animals and birds (light and sound effects, electric shock). Deterrents can be used in places where intruders are most likely to enter.

The subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles UAV 23 is made with the ability to patrol the protected area with video shooting of the area to analyze alarm situations and accompany the identified intruder objects in the protected area with the continuation of video surveillance and reporting additional information to the CPU system. The use of UAVs for reconnaissance in a protected area and on the approaches to it is well known and is described, for example, in patent RU No. 2583742. Automation of territory patrolling by means of UAVs makes it possible to identify the source of threats in a timely manner and provide countermeasures to it by security forces and means.

Also relevant is the use in the system of identification marks "friend or foe", carried with you, which are intended to control the movement and behavior of service personnel outside and inside the zone of the object of protection. RFID tags in the 865-868 MHz band (UHF band) can be used as tags.

The complex also provides the ability to connect response forces using a decision support system in case of detection of threats to create temporary security lines and patrol the territory.

The system of technical means TS 2 and the system with the equipment of the security forces ASO 3 incorporate navigation aids 22, for example, built-in GLONASS/GPS receivers, which are used to bind objects to a local or geographic coordinate system.

The equipment of automated checkpoints AA checkpoint 5 performs the functions of an access control and management system (ACS) to control and ensure authorized access of personnel and visitors to the security facility and allows you to increase the degree of security of the checkpoint from unauthorized passage and passage to the protected area. AA Checkpoint 5 includes screening equipment 25 that provides screening of passing personnel and passing vehicles for carrying (transportation) of prohibited items (weapons, nuclear and radioactive materials, explosives and poisonous substances). The method of detection of these prohibited items and substances is well known. Known patents for inventions: RU No. 2632564, 2294549, 2247361, 2489706 and 2283485, which describe the principles of detecting metal objects (weapons), explosives and drugs. The main method for detecting these components is the method of irradiating the controlled object with a microwave signal with specified characteristics, measuring the phase shift of the received reflected signal and, based on the results of comparison with the reference value, determining the presence of explosives and narcotic substances. Another way to detect explosives, narcotic substances and metals hidden under people's clothes is to use the nuclear quadrupole resonance method described, for example, in patent RU No. 2247361. Detection of radioactive materials is provided with the help of radiometers by measuring the current radiation background and comparing it with a set threshold value. To enhance the quality of control, in addition to comparing the visitor by his photograph, they use such biometric methods as control by voice, face, iris, hand geometry or vein pattern, fingerprints, handwritten password or signature, as well as in biodynamics. As identification in biodynamics, it is proposed to use individual personality traits, manifested, for example, in the dynamics of human movement. This is the movement of his arms, legs, features of walking, head movements, posture. The behavioral signs of objects of observation include, for example, “abnormal” behavior of people at the checkpoint, nervousness in movements, “yaw”, a sharp change in direction of movement, an attempt to hide one’s face from surveillance cameras. These types of biometric identification are well known and are described, for example, in the patent for the invention RU No. 2731519. At AA checkpoint 5, Smart Radar technology can also be used to scan individual signs of a person (smell, sweat, heart rate, etc.), as well as to recognize material objects hidden on the body of a person - an intruder. The use of these methods practically eliminates possible errors in the identification of personnel and visitors. The connection of the AA checkpoint 5 with the CPU 1 is carried out by means of the fourth subsystem of means of communication with the means of the LAN 26 through the communication line 12 and using the radio communication channel 11.

The PC 6 robotic system with means of communication with the CPU 30 using the radio communication channel 11 is configured to patrol the area to check the status of the technical means by reading information from their memory, to carry out control passes in the detection zones, to provide temporary protection of some detection zones upon exit failure of technical means or repair work, as well as for the organization of additional security lines. As PC 6 robotic means, technical means for remote configuration, verification and control of system components operating using radio communication channel 11 can be used. As an example, it is possible to suggest the use of mobile radio-controlled mechanisms for remote control crossing of security lines in remote areas of the perimeter. Another effective means of robotic perimeter protection is the use of a radio-controlled self-propelled "cart" equipped with "technical" vision (TV camera and thermal imager). Such a "trolley", using 3D - information processing algorithms, will move along the perimeter of the object, read information from the memory of technical means, and transmit the necessary information to CPU 1. Such a cart can also be equipped with some types of TSS to create, if necessary, additional boundaries protection.

The system of engineering means of IS 7 of protective structures has control mechanisms with means of communication with the CPU 30 using a radio communication channel 11. As engineering means for ensuring the physical protection of objects and territories, the following are used:

- physical barriers (protective barriers, gates, gates, barriers, ditches and other physical obstacles);

- protective and defensive structures for sentries (observation towers, pillboxes, guard mushrooms, booths, cabins, etc.);

- engineering equipment of checkpoints (checkpoints);

- engineering equipment of perimeters (lighting masts, district cabinets, distribution boxes, etc.).

Protective barriers include barriers of a light or rigid type, usually from 2 to 3.5 meters high. For the stability of extended barriers, supports are used, which are installed in the ground at a certain distance from each other. Sections of the fence (between the supports) can consist of mesh cloths, netting "chain-link" or solid structures (wooden, reinforced concrete, brick), as well as tightly stretched wires (including "barbed"). When organizing the physical protection of objects and territories, barriers with mesh cloths are preferable. Protective mesh barriers are known (utility model patents RU Nos. 59677, 68565, 68566, 68567, 69900, 91362, 94609, 102038, 116546, 122414, 136842, 166519 and invention patents RU Nos. supports buried in the ground, on which mesh sheets (or sections) of the barrier are fixed. Mesh cloths are usually assembled from horizontally and vertically oriented steel wires or rods fastened together, which form cells of a certain size throughout the entire barrier cloth. Cloths of mesh barriers have a protective layer of zinc, polymer or ceramic coating and can be successfully used as physical and signal barriers. For the organization of signal barriers, a vibrometric cable detection tool "Hodograph-Universal" (www.nikiret.ru) is used. To enhance perimeter protection in flat areas, the following can be used: an active multi-beam infrared detection tool "Glazur" and two-position active radio beam detection tools, such as "RLD Redut-500", "RLD Redut / 1-300I" and "RLD Redan-125" (www .nikiret.ru). Gates and wickets are usually built into mesh barriers to allow people and vehicles to pass. Gates and gates are usually equipped with electromechanical locking devices (EMZU), which provide control of the opening and closing of gates and gates from the CPU 1 through communication means 12. The following locking devices can be used as an EMZU: "Gobi-EMZU", "Basalt", " Frontier”, “Korund”, given in the materials on the website www.nikiret.ru.

The system of engineering means of the IS 7 protective structures is made with the additional possibility of using the electronic control and trace strip EXP 10, located along the perimeter barrier and consisting of numerous seismic sensors 31 buried in the ground (see drawing), located along the width of the strip and its length, and equipped video surveillance equipment located on supports along the perimeter at a certain distance from each other (not shown in the drawing). Seismic sensors 31 have circular intersecting detection zones, which record the fact of movement along the EXP violators of the security line. EKSP video surveillance facilities are in a "sleep" mode and switch to an active state based on signals from seismic sensors that have detected the fact of movement along the EKSP. The means of video surveillance, at the same time, fix the fact of overcoming the EXP by the intruder. Video surveillance equipment has zoom lenses, with which you can zoom in on the video image for a detailed examination of the intruder, as well as periodically inspecting the surface of the EXP in order to study traces or objects left by the intruder. Information about the violation of the security line from seismic sensors and video surveillance equipment is transmitted via radio channel 11 to the CPU 1 system. and inspect by outfits of law enforcement agencies (border guards), which requires human resources. The use of EXP will reduce the number of human resources, which corresponds to the goal of the proposed invention.

The system for detecting intruders at the approaches of the SNP 4 to the facility consists of three subsystems: the subsystem for monitoring the adjacent territories of the KPT 27, the subsystem for controlling the airspace of the KVP 28, and the fifth subsystem of communications with LAN 29.

The subsystem for monitoring the adjacent territories of KPT 27 is made using several coherent radar tools with a sector or circular view, which ensure the creation of a continuous radar control zone with the ability to determine the trajectory of intruders. Radar stations (RLS) of the subsystem are stationary or portable coherent Doppler small-sized devices with low power consumption, providing a detection probability of at least 0.9 for moving objects of the “person” and “vehicle” type in a given or circular field of view. The subsystem radars are controlled by the CPU 1 system, provide the CPU with information about the detected objects and allow automatic guidance of video surveillance equipment on the detected object. As such radars, radar stations used to solve similar problems both in stand-alone and system modes can be used: Ra-descan radar (Umirs website http://www.umirs.ru). Radar type "Orwell-R" (website of the company "ELVEES-NeoTek" http://elveesneotek.com), radar "Rosa" (patent for utility model RU No. 88815) and a number of others. The inclusion in the subsystem of radars with wide viewing sectors up to circular and instrumental detection ranges of up to 2-3 km make it possible to carry out preliminary detection of objects moving towards the protected area long before the TSO 17 is triggered, located directly or near the security line. This provides a time gain of up to ten minutes for the maintenance personnel of the complex in order to reliably recognize the intruder and identify the degree of possible security threat. The display of information from surveillance radars, which implement the functions of automatic tracking and trajectory processing when a moving object is detected, in combination with the deployment of other TSOs, makes it possible to predict both the further behavior of the intruder and the plan of one's own actions to prevent the possibility of a real threat to the protected object.

The KVP 28 airspace control subsystem is made using several three-coordinate radar facilities with electronic beam scanning in space, providing the detection of low-altitude, low-speed moving air objects, including UAVs, in the entire upper hemisphere of the protected area.

The function of radar control over airspace in the upper hemisphere over a protected area is carried out by one or more three-coordinate radar stations for detecting small-sized low-speed maneuvering aircraft, such as UAVs. They form the airspace control subsystem. As such radars, coherent Doppler radars with a fast electronic space scanning rate are used, which is implemented using antennas in the form of passive phased antenna arrays with a complex broadband radiated signal. The subsystem forms a radar zone in the form of a dome above the object of protection with a detection range of UAVs with an effective scattering surface of about 0.01 m, about 3 km. This makes it possible to detect the UAV during its approach to the protected area of about 2-3 minutes, which provides a solution to the problem of its recognition and the operator's decision to take further actions. At the same time, the radar subsystems provide the issuance of target designation commands to video surveillance equipment, as well as to external devices that provide suppression of the actions of a possible intruder. Examples of airspace monitoring radars used are small low-power compact radar stations: ENOTS radar (ELVIS website http://elvees.ru), Location Workshops radar (http://antikopter.ru website), detection of drones "Dome" (website of the company "Wifinder" www.wifinder.biz) and a number of others.

The communication of the SNP 4 with the CPU 1 is carried out by means of the fifth subsystem of the means of communication with the means of the LAN 29 through the communication line 12 and using the radio communication channel 11.

The protection of the water areas adjacent to the object is carried out with the help of technical means of the subsystems for monitoring the adjacent territories KPT 27, airspace control KVP 28, and video surveillance VN 19. Several coherent radar facilities with a sector view are used as technical means of the KPT. Three-coordinate radar facilities with electronic beam scanning in space are used as technical means of KVP. As means of video surveillance VN - video cameras, technical means of detection and thermal imagers operating in continuous or low-frame modes. Information from the technical means of KPT 27, KVP 28 and VN 19 is transmitted to CPU 1 for further analysis of possible threats and decision-making on countering violators in the water area.

The alarm system TVS 8 with means of communication with the CPU 30 using a radio communication channel 11 is made using control posts and security manual call points, made with the possibility of prompt notification of emerging service and alarm situations.

The system of object detection means OSO 9 with means of communication with the CPU 30 using a radio communication channel 11 is made using means intended for heated and unheated premises with the possibility of forming linear and volumetric detection zones that provide detection and registration of unauthorized entry into the premises. For heated rooms, for example, security detectors "Photon-16" and "Sho-rokh-2-10" (www.rielta.ru), the device "Bars-M" and a microwave signaling device SMV-19 (www.eleron .ru) and others. For unheated premises, sensors D5M-11.12 (www.eleron.ru) and the product "Coral-DSM-01" (www.nikiret.ru) can be used.

The technical means of the subsystems TSO, MPK and VN are equipped with electronic forms (EF) for accounting, control and long-term storage of the necessary information during their operation. Each ESP contains an electronic controller, a radio modem with a transceiver antenna for forming a radio communication channel with an external receiving and transmitting point, a flash memory, a storage battery, a battery charger and a real time clock. The principle of using electronic forms in security systems is well known and is described in the utility model patent RU No. 205406. The use of electronic forms makes it possible to reduce the time of maintenance of the means of TCO, MPK and VN subsystems during their operation and during repairs by quickly obtaining the necessary information, and thereby saving time for maintenance personnel.

To ensure the decentralization of the computing facilities of the complex, the means of a local computer network LAN are used, which, using a wired or fiber-optic communication line 12, provide communication between the systems of the CPU 1, TS 2, ASO 3, SNP 4 and AA KPP 5, for example, via an Ethernet interface or RS-485 interface.

The systems of the complex are combined into a single information space for controlling and displaying information with the possibility of simultaneous exchange of information with the CPU system through means of communication with the means of a local area network (LAN) using radio channel 11 and communication line 12.

When equipping objects, territories and adjacent water areas with physical protection means, the combined complex can be used both in its entirety and in an abbreviated version from a combination of the necessary systems to solve security problems.

The additional features and functional links introduced into the known system make it possible to impart new essential properties to the proposed complex, to increase the degree of automation of the complex.

Claims (13)

1. A combined complex of physical protection of objects, territories and adjacent water areas with automation of security processes, containing a central control center (CPU) system, which includes interconnected automated workstations (AWS) of operators, database servers, display facilities, the first subsystem means of communication with the means of a local area network (LAN); a system of technical means (TS) of control and automation, which includes a subsystem of stationary technical means of detection (TSO) operating on different physical principles and capable of receiving control information from the CPU and transmitting to the CPU information with the numbers of control sections for processing, and also a subsystem of mobile control posts (MPC) of the territory with navigation aids, a subsystem of video surveillance equipment (VN) and a second subsystem of communications equipment with LAN facilities; a system with equipment for security forces (ASO) with means of lethal, non-lethal impact and scare, having navigation tools for linking objects to a local or geographic coordinate system, including a subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and a third subsystem of communications with LAN means; a system with equipment for automated checkpoints (AA checkpoints), containing a fourth subsystem of communication facilities with LAN facilities and made with the ability to control passages and passages to a protected area and transmit data to the CPU, a system of robotic tools (PC) designed to check and control components included in the complex and exchange of information with means of communication with the CPU; a system of engineering means (IS) of protective structures with control mechanisms with means of communication with the CPU; all systems of the combined complex are configured to exchange information with the CPU system, which is configured to process incoming information using intelligent neural networks to detect the fact of violation of the security line, identify the intruder, and exchange information by means of the LAN between the CPU, TS, ASO and AA KIP; characterized in that the combined complex additionally includes: a system for detecting intruders at the approaches (ONP) to an object, consisting of three subsystems: a subsystem for monitoring adjacent territories (CPT), an airspace control subsystem (AIC) and a fifth subsystem for communications with LAN facilities ; alarm-call signaling system (TVS) with means of communication with the CPU; system of object detection means (OSO) with means of communication with the CPU; and all systems of the combined complex are combined into a single information space for managing and displaying information, which ensures the simultaneous exchange of information between the systems of the complex and the CPU system through means of communication with the means of a local area network (LAN) using a radio channel and a communication line; situation analysis; consolidation and comparison of data on the state of own technical means; defining a response plan; decision support; execution of automatic standard procedures, as well as the use of tools to resolve alarm situations. 2. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the subsystem for monitoring adjacent territories (CPT) is made using several coherent radar tools with a sector or circular view, providing the creation of a continuous radar control zone with the ability to determine the trajectory of intruders. 3. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the airspace control subsystem (ASC) is made using several three-coordinate radar facilities with electronic beam scanning in space, providing the detection of low-altitude, low-speed moving air objects, including UAVs, in the entire upper hemisphere protected area. 4. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the alarm-call signaling system (FA) is made using control posts and security manual call points, made with the possibility of prompt notification of emerging service and alarm situations. 5. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of object detection tools (OSD) is made using tools designed for heated and unheated rooms with the possibility of forming linear and volumetric detection zones that provide detection and registration of unauthorized entry into the premises. 6. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the subsystem of video surveillance equipment (VN) is made using optical and optoelectronic surveillance and video monitoring in the visible and infrared wavelengths, while the surveillance and video monitoring tools are controlled automatically or in automated mode by LAN commands, depending on the location of the intruder's detection. 7. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the system with the equipment of automated checkpoints (AA checkpoints) is made with the possibility of using means of screening (SD) of passing personnel and passing vehicles for admission, carrying or transportation of prohibited items, in including weapons, radioactive materials, explosives and poisonous substances, and the screening of passing personnel is made with the possibility of using various types of biometric identification. 8. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of robotic means (PC) is made with the possibility of patrolling the area to check the status of technical means by reading information from their memory, making control passes in the detection zones, providing temporary protection of some zones detection in case of failure of technical means or repair work, as well as for organizing additional security lines. 9. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of engineering means (IS) of protective structures is made with the additional possibility of using an electronic control and trace strip (EXP) located along the perimeter barrier and consisting of numerous seismic sensors buried in the ground, located across the width of the strip and its length, and equipped with video surveillance equipment located on supports along the perimeter at some distance from each other. 10. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the subsystems of stationary technical means of detection (TSO) and mobile control posts (MPC) are made with the ability to work on different physical principles: radio beam, radio wave, vibrometric, magnetometric, infrared, seismic and providing digital methods of obtaining and processing information. 11. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the subsystem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is made with the ability to patrol the protected area with video filming of the area to analyze alarm situations and accompany the identified intruder objects in the protected area with the continuation of video surveillance and reporting additional information to the CPU system. 12. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the technical means of the TCO, IPC and VN subsystems are equipped with electronic forms (EF) for accounting, control and long-term storage of the necessary information during their operation. 13. The combined complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the CPU system is made with the additional ability to process information using big data analysis (big data), fuzzy logic algorithms, and also using a decision support system.

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