RU2792357C1 - Sectional insulator for railway overhead line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway overhead line.

SUBSTANCE: sectional insulator for railway overhead line contains at least one insulating element with end fittings connected to metal sliders and clamping the contact wire through the holes with the help of fasteners. In this case, the length of the pressed part of the insulating element is more than 5 inner diameters of the end piece.

EFFECT: sectional insulator for railway overhead line contains at least one insulating element with end fittings connected to metal sliders and clamping the contact wire through the holes with the help of fasteners.

4 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrified railway transport, namely, to devices for isolating two adjacent sections of the contact network, providing the passage of current collectors of the railway electric rolling stock from one section of the contact network to another. [GOST 32895-2014, article 114] The invention can be used in the construction and operation of high-speed railway lines with speeds up to 400 km/h.

The invention is intended:

- for sectioning contact suspensions with one and two contact wires on public railway transport, sections of movement of electric rolling stock at a speed of up to 400 km/h;

- for separation and formation of switchable sections of the contact network of stations for joining two types of current (alternating current with a voltage of 25 kV and direct current - 3 kV);

- formation of neutral inserts (25/25 and 25/3);

- separation of phases of the contact network of alternating current.

When installing a sectional insulator for the contact network of railways, due to the high tension of the contact wire in the areas of high-speed traffic, frequent destruction of the sectional insulators occurs due to the destruction of the clamp of the contact wire, the contact wire slipping out of the clamp, as well as the fracture of the insulating element, followed by the fracture of the current collector of the electric rolling stock .

The destruction of the sectional insulator occurs in a fraction of a second and poses a danger to the operating personnel of the power supply distance of Russian Railways, since there is a possibility of destruction of the sectional insulator at the time of its maintenance.

The consequences of the destruction of the sectional insulator affect the mass delays of trains, and leads to significant losses for the Russian Railways Holding. The company bears the costs of restoring the contact network and pantographs of the electric rolling stock, penalties for undelivered cargo on time, and also bears legal costs from passenger claims.

The reliability of existing sectional insulators throughout the entire service life is determined by the average annual failure rate, the probability of failure-free operation and the gamma-percentage service life with a probability of 99.9%, established by paragraph 5.4.2 of GOST 32895-2014, should be at least 20 years. In practice, this value is achieved with a probability of no more than 80%. This reduces the actual service life of the insulators. This is due to the large number of insulator failures in the railway network.

The invention allows to increase the gamma-percentage service life of a sectional insulator for a contact network of railways from 20 years to 40 years with a probability of 99.9%, to increase the destructive mechanical force in tension of the connection of an insulating element or insulator with a working contact wire up to 71.1 kN, to increase destructive mechanical load on the insulating element up to 150 kN, in operating conditions for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h.

State of the art

For a sectional insulator, various schemes for its execution are used. There are three main schemes of sectional insulators [GOST 32895-2014, Appendix A]:

1. scheme of a small-sized insulator;

2. scheme of the insulator of a closed design;

3. diagram of a sectional insulator for phase separation, current systems and for the formation of neutral inserts.

Sectional insulators are known, implemented according to three main schemes [GOST 32895-2014, Appendix A], consisting of an insulating element, an arcing device, a metal slider, an air gap at the mouth of the arcing devices and an air gap between the insulator elements of different potential in the transverse direction:

SU 266815 A, 04/01/1970;

US 4187934A, 02/12/1980;

DE 2936822 A1, March 26, 1981;

DE 3027406 A1, October 22, 1981;

US 4320820 A, 03/20/1982;

US 4424889 A, 01/10/1984;

SU 1144904 A, 03/07/1980;

SU 1425110 A1, 04/09/1986;

US 4716261 A, 12/29/1987;

SU 1527032, 12/07/1989;

DE 19734309 C1, February 4, 1999;

RU 2172684 C1, 06/21/2000;

RU 2401751 C1, 20.10.2010;

CN 201753028 U, 03/02/2011;

CN 105882455 A, 08/24/2016;

RU 2706129 C1, 06/29/2018;

CA 3022727A1, 04/30/2019;

RU 2743240 C1, 11/29/2019.

The disadvantages of these devices are the design features of fixing the contact wire in the clamps of the sectional insulators. All analogues of devices have a single drawback - the contact wire is fastened in the clamp by pressing the chamfers, while the contact wire is crimped with two clamp dies only in its lower part.

There is also the closest analogue of the sectional insulator RU 2743240 C1 in which the bevels of the contact wire are pressed by the side clamp dies, and the upper part of the contact wire is pressed by the locking screws.

The disadvantage of this solution is to reduce the cross section of the contact wire and reduce the destructive mechanical force due to the pressing into the upper part of the contact wire locking bolts.

Also, the disadvantage of the analogue is the exclusion of the possibility of replacing the insulating elements without dismantling the clamps, which significantly degrades its performance. To replace the insulating elements in such devices, a large technological “window” is required with the closure for the movement of all trains and the removal of voltage from the contact network. It is also required to completely dismantle the sectional insulator, and then, using specialized equipment, replace the insulating element. In practice, such work is not carried out, and the sectional insulator is completely replaced with a new one, which significantly increases the operating costs of power supply distances.

The disadvantage of all known sectional insulators is that the insulating elements are pressed into the ends, the length of the pressed part of the insulating element is less than 4 inner diameters of the end, which is not enough for a destructive mechanical load of 120 kN on the insulating element [GOST 32895-2014, clause 5.2.2] .

Also, a disadvantage in the design of the known sectional insulators is the deflection of the insulating element, which occurs due to the displacement of the axis of the contact wire relative to the axis of the insulating element.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is to overcome the technical disadvantages inherent in analogues, which leads to the need to create a reliable sectional insulator that ensures its reliable operation during the construction and operation of high-speed railway lines at speeds of 250-400 km/h.

In accordance with paragraph 5.2.1 of GOST 32895-2014, the destructive mechanical force in tension of the connection of an insulating element or insulator with a working contact wire must be at least 90% of the destructive mechanical force of the contact wire, i.e. not less than 64 kN. Currently, there is no clamp in the world practice that provides a reliable connection of a sectional insulator with a contact wire. I would also like to note that at present there are no design standards for high-speed contact suspension. Sectional insulators existing in Russia are not designed for such high loads and train speeds. In this connection, it became necessary to create a reliable sectional insulator for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h, which will set new requirements for the development of the Russian standard in the field of designing a high-speed contact network of railways.

Essence disclosure

The technical result is to increase the gamma-percentage service life of the sectional insulator for the contact network of railways up to 40 years with a probability of 99.9%, increase the destructive mechanical force in tension of the connection of the insulating element or insulator with the working contact wire up to 71.1 kN, increase the vertical rigidity sectional insulator, increasing the destructive mechanical load on the insulating element up to 150 kN, under operating conditions for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h.

The technical result is achieved by creating a sectional insulator for the contact network of railways, containing at least one insulating element with end pieces connected to metal sliders and clamping the contact wire through the holes using fasteners, characterized in that at least one contact wire , located in the clamp of the contact wire, forms a half-loop of the contact wire, located in a vertical plane.

Due to at least one half-loop of the contact wire located in the vertical plane, it is ensured that the gamma-percentage service life of the sectional insulator is increased up to 40 years with a probability of 99.9%, the destructive mechanical force is increased when the connection of the insulating element or insulator with the working contact is stretched. wire up to 71.1 kN, in operating conditions for high-speed traffic 250-400 km/h.

Due to at least two insulating elements located at different levels, a decrease in the deflection of the lower insulating element is achieved, providing an increase in the vertical rigidity of the sectional insulator, under operating conditions for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, by increasing the length of the pressed-in part of the insulating element by more than 5 inner diameters of the end fitting, an increase in the destructive mechanical force in tension of the connection of the insulating element or insulator with a working contact wire is provided up to 71.1 kN and an increase in the destructive mechanical load on an insulating element up to 150 kN, an increase in the gamma-percentage service life of a sectional insulator up to 40 years with a probability of 99.9%, under operating conditions for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h.

Also, in a particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the clamp of the contact wire may contain notches for fixing the contact wire, providing an increase in the destructive mechanical force when stretching the connection of the insulating element or insulator with the working contact wire up to 71.1 kN, increasing the gamma percentage service life of the sectional insulator up to 40 years with 99.9% probability, under operating conditions for high-speed traffic of 250-400 km/h.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 - sectional insulator for the contact network of railways in isometry.

In FIG. 2 - sectional insulator for the contact network of railways in front view.

In FIG. 3 - sectional insulator for the contact network of railways in a top view.

In FIG. 4 - vertical section of the clamp of the contact wire of the sectional insulator.

In FIG. 5 - section of the insulating element and the end fitting of the sectional insulator.

In FIG. 6 - general view of the clamp of the contact wire of the sectional insulator.

In FIG. 7 - general view of the clamp of the sectional insulator with the installed contact wire.

The device (Fig. 1) consists of an insulating element (1), an end cap (2), a metal slider (3), a contact wire clamp (4), a fastening element (5) and a contact wire half-loop (6).

The device (Fig. 2) consists of an insulating element (1), an end piece (2), a metal slider (3) and a fastening element (5).

The device (Fig. 3) consists of an insulating element (1), an end piece (2), a metal slider (3), a contact wire clamp (4), a fastening element (5) and a contact wire half-loop (6).

The device (Fig. 4) consists of a metal side bearing (3), a contact wire clamp (4), a fastening element (5), a contact wire half-loop (6) and a section plane α.

The device (Fig. 5) consists of an insulating element (1), an end fitting (2) with a length L and an internal diameter d, and a fastening element (5).

The device (Fig. 6) consists of a contact wire clamp (4), a fastening element (5) and notches (7).

Implementation of the invention

Before mounting the sectional insulator, it is necessary to perform preparatory measures:

1. Check that the insulating element (1) is in good condition.

2. Check that there are no cracks at the interface between the insulating element and the end piece (2).

3. Check the quality of the connection of the metal bearings (3) with the contact wire clamp (4) using the fasteners (5).

The installation of a sectional insulator is carried out, for example, with the help of a clamping sleeve fixed on self-tightening clamps installed on a contact wire, according to the category with stress relief and grounding, with lifting to a height, using an insulating removable tower or a railcar working platform:

1. An electrician of the contact network installs self-tightening clamps at a distance of 2 meters from an isolated removable tower or from the working platform of a railcar into the technological “window” between trains.

2. Using a turnbuckle attached to self-tightening clamps, loosens the tension of the contact wire.

3. In the middle part of the intended installation site of the sectional insulator, a contact wire is cut.

4. Bend the ends of the contact wire so that a half-loop of the contact wire (6) is formed (Fig. 7).

5. Install on both sides of the sectional insulator into the clamps of the contact wire (4) the half-loops of the contact wire (6).

6. Tighten fasteners (5) (fig. 6).

7. Check that the half-loops of the contact wire (6) lie in the sectional plane α (Fig. 4).

8. Release the clutch tension until the load is completely transferred from the contact wire to the sectional insulator. Use the strings to adjust the horizontal position of the sectional insulator (Fig. 2).

9. Check all dimensions between the metal bearings (3) (fig. 3).

Claims (4)

1. A sectional insulator for the contact network of railways, containing at least one insulating element with end pieces connected to metal sliders and clamping the contact wire through the holes using fasteners, characterized in that the length of the pressed part of the insulating element is more than 5 inner diameters of the end piece . 2. Sectional insulator for the contact network of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least two insulating elements located at different levels. 3. Sectional insulator for the contact network of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one contact wire located in the clamp of the contact wire forms a half-loop of the contact wire located in a vertical plane. 4. Sectional insulator for the contact network of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamp of the contact wire contains notches for fixing the contact wire.

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