RU2791926C1 - Multifunctional boat and its application methods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sea/river fleet.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of sea or river fleet, namely to a multifunctional boat and its application methods. The group of inventions can be used for extinguishing fires on ships and in coastal structures, for neutralization of ecological incidents (for example, spillages of highly inflammable liquids (HIL)/combustible liquids (CL) in the water area), and for suppression of unlawful actions of infringing ships. The multifunctional boat contains a hull, a propulsion unit, control, navigation, communication systems, as well as controllable fire monitors with water and/or foam supply hydraulic systems for extinguishing fires on surface objects and on the coast. The boat differs in that it is equipped with tanks with following substances: neutralizing substance for neutralization of spillages of chemically hazardous substances or petroleum product film; coloring substance for coloring of an infringing ship; shielding substance for shielding of antennas and locators of the infringing ship. At the same time, controllable fire monitors are made with the possibility of supply of substances from the specified tanks, and the hull contains a reinforced bow for contact impact on infringing ships, stationary installed on the hull of the boat with the possibility of its replacement.

EFFECT: obtainment of a multifunctional boat.

5 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the marine (river) fleet and can be used to extinguish fires on ships and coastal structures, to neutralize environmental incidents (for example, spills of flammable liquids/flammable liquids in the water area) and to suppress the illegal actions of violating ships.

To extinguish fires, boats and ships [1-3] are used, containing a hull, propulsion system, control systems, communication navigation, controlled fire monitors with hydraulic systems for intake and supply of water and / or foam, as well as a container with a foaming agent. They are able to put out fires on surface objects and on the shore. The disadvantage of these boats and ships is the impossibility of their use to suppress the illegal actions of violating ships.

Known high-speed boats of the border guard [4, 5], containing means of fire impact on violating vessels. Their disadvantage is limited functionality - the difficulty in applying fire impact on violating ships (victims, damage and fires of these ships are possible) and the danger of impact contact with violating ships due to the risk of damage that adversely affects the functionality of the boats and the risk to crews.

Known fireboat (patent RU 2017512, published 08/15/1994), designed to extinguish fires and carry out rescue and evacuation operations on boats and coastal facilities, which has thrusters, fire monitors and a rescue vehicle (cradle) mounted on a cranked hydraulic lift. The disadvantage of this boat is the location of the fire monitors and the cradle on one hydraulic lift, which requires constant stabilization of the entire lift relative to the vertical, constant synchronous operation of the thrusters with the lift stabilization device and reduces the tactical capabilities of the boat.

Known fire boat (patent RU 2272663, published 03/27/2006), which contains installed on a transformable, for example, a telescopic rack with at least a lower non-retractable part of a rotary carriage with at least two monitors of the fire extinguishing system with the possibility of water supply and foam on burning objects. This boat is highly effective in extinguishing fires with significant sea waves, but is highly specialized.

Both boats do not have devices designed to absorb the impact energy from a collision (involuntary or intentional) with another vessel, which can lead to damage to the boat's hull.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the functionality of the boat - in addition to extinguishing fires, providing the possibility of neutralizing environmental incidents, effective and safe impact on violating ships and increasing maneuverability.

To do this, in addition to rotary fire monitors with a hydraulic system and pumps for supplying water and / or its solutions, a container with a foaming agent, the boat is equipped with at least one container with a special substance (for example, neutralizing, coloring, screening, gelling), as well as reinforced bow for contact impact on violating ships. The reinforced structure is permanently installed on the hull of the boat with the possibility of its replacement in case of significant crushing in a collision with an intruder vessel. This allows you to perform the following functions:

- extinguish fires at surface facilities and ashore;

- neutralize spills of chemically hazardous substances and films of oil products by supplying a neutralizing solution;

- to stop illegal actions of courts-violators;

- expand the maneuverability of the boat.

The suppression of the illegal actions of the offending vessel is carried out in the following ways:

a) supplying water by fire nozzles to the bow or stern of an intruder vessel of small displacement in order to change its course and prevent maneuvering;

b) water supply by fire nozzles (for example, the LS-S60U barrel is capable of delivering 60 l / s at a distance of more than 70 m) into the air intakes of the intruder vessel to deteriorate and stop its engine operation;

c) washing off persons threatening to use weapons from the deck of the offending vessel overboard with jets of water;

d) supplying a coloring solution or gel for the purpose of coloring the intruder vessel, including windows and windows of its control cabin, which leads to “blinding” of the intruder vessel;

e) supplying a conductive solution or gel with the addition of metal particles (for example, aluminum powder) in order to shield the antennas and locators of the intruder vessel;

f) implementation of force contact of the reinforced part of the hull with the offending vessel to force it to execute commands.

Increasing the maneuverability of the boat is achieved by using the reactive power of water jets supplied by fire monitors.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings:

- in Fig. 1 shows the appearance of the proposed boat (in the version with a reinforced truss structure);

- in Fig. 2 - a variant of the boat's hydraulic system with one fire monitor;

- fig. 3 - a variant of the boat hydraulic system with two or more barrels;

- in Fig. 4-7 - options for maneuvering the boat using the reactive power of water jets.

The inventive boat consists of a hull 1, on which at least one rotary fire monitor 2 is installed, as well as a reinforced structure 3 in the bow. Structure 3 can be made removable in the form of a rigid frame, or stationary in the form of a reinforced bow of the hull 1. The hydraulic system for supplying water and its solutions contains fire monitors 2 with pumps 6 and valves 7 (8), which are connected to the seawater supply line with a filter 13 with a check valve and a submersible axial pump 14 with a throttle valve (not shown in Figs. 2 and 3), to which a container 4 with a foam concentrate and at least one container 5 with a special substance (for example, neutralizing, coloring, shielding, gelling), which is connected to the hydraulic system by means of a valve 15. The pump 14 ensures that the cavity of the pumps 6 is filled before they are turned on. Ejectors for mixing water with the contents of containers 4 and 5 are not shown, as they are known products. The trunks 2 are controlled manually and/or remotely from the boat control station. Barrels 2 are equipped with removable foam nozzles. Valves 9 and 11 are adjustable to supply the foaming agent with the required flow rate (at full opening - for the formation of high expansion foam, at medium opening - medium expansion foam, at small opening - low expansion foam). Tanks 4 and 5 are equipped with devices for pumping out the contents of the tanks, which in Fig. 2 and 3 are not shown as they are known products.

In the initial position, pumps 6 and 14 are off, the throttle is closed, valves 7-12 and 15 are closed, tanks 4 and 5 are full, the boat patrols and monitors the entrusted water area.

The ways to use the boat are as follows.

1. When extinguishing a fire on a ship or ashore.

1.1. Class A fires are extinguished by the boat and/or cooled down. Valves 7 open (when water is supplied by two or more trunks 2 - also valve(s) 8), pumps 6 and 14 turn on; outboard water passes through the filter 13 and is directed by controlled shafts 2 to the desired location. To achieve maximum head, pumps 6 and 14 are turned on at full power, the throttle valve is fully open.

1.2. In the event of a class B fire (flammable/flammable liquid), foam can be supplied either by one shaft 2 (Fig. 2) or by both (Fig. 3). To do this, the valve 9 is additionally opened, and the foaming agent from the container 4 is fed into the line. The valve 9 regulates the supply of the foaming agent solution to the desired concentration, which turns into foam at the nozzle of the barrel 2 and is fed to the required place.

With the diagram in Fig. 3, the following modes of operation are possible: in the first mode, water is supplied by one barrel, and foam is supplied by the other; at the second - foam moves by both trunks. In the first mode, water is supplied to stem 2 (left) through valve 7, and with valves 8 and 11 open, the foam concentrate solution is supplied by pump 6 to stem 2 (right), which delivers foam of the required ratio (this is achieved by the opening degree of valve 11) to the required location . Valves 9, 10, 12 are closed. It is possible that the foam is supplied by the left shaft 2. and the water is supplied by the right shaft 2. Then the valves 7-9 are open, the valves 10-12 are closed. In both cases, both pumps 6 work. In the second mode, valves 7, 8, 9, 11 are open, valves 10 and 12 are closed, both pumps 6 work, the foam ratio is regulated by valves 9 and 11.

2. In case of environmental incidents, a neutralizing agent is supplied from tank 5 to the place of pollution. Pump 14 is turned off, the throttle valve is closed. With the diagram in Fig. 2, valves 7 and 10 open, pump 6 turns on, and the substance from tank 5 is supplied by barrel 2 to the right place. With the diagram in Fig. 3, valves 7, 8, 10 and 12 open, pumps 6 turn on, and the substance from the tank 5 is supplied by the barrels 2 to the right place. Pump 14 is turned off, the throttle valve is closed.

3. When suppressing illegal actions by the offending vessel, the claimed boat can act as follows.

3.1. To carry out a force impact on the intruder vessel using a reinforced structure 3.

3.2. Prevent the movement and maneuvering of the intruder vessel by acting on its bow or stern with powerful water jets from barrels 2;

3.3. Interfere with the normal operation of the engine of the intruder vessel, up to stopping, by supplying a jet of water to the air intakes of the engine with barrels 2;

3.4. Wash off people threatening to use weapons against the boat and its crew from the deck of the offending vessel with jets of water from barrels 2;

3.5. "Blind" the intruder by supplying a coloring solution or gel to the windows and portholes of its control cabin. The painted intruder becomes more visible to surface and air patrol vessels;

3.6 Shield the antennas and locators of the intruder by supplying them with a conductive solution or gel with the addition of metal particles (for example, aluminum powder);

3.7. Apply methods 3.1-3.6 to the offending vessel simultaneously or in various combinations.

4. If it is necessary to increase the maneuverability of the boat, use the power of jet streams of barrels 2, directing them for the purpose of an emergency turn (Fig. 4), acceleration of movement (Fig. 5), braking (Fig. 6) and moving away (Fig. 7) in collision avoidance.

Thus, the inventive boat, depending on the methods of its use, allows you to: extinguish fires and neutralize environmental incidents, stop the illegal actions of violating ships without causing irreparable damage, and also carry out effective maneuvering.

Information sources

1. Fire boat, patent RU 2017512 C1 from 1994

2. Fire-fighting boat, patent RU 2272663 C1 dated 2006

3. https://fireman.club/stotyi-polzovateley/vodnyiy-transport-mchs-rossii-pozharnyie-suda-i-korabli/

4. Naval Campaign Magazine, No. 8, 2019, p. 12-78.

5. http://zonwar.ru/news2/news_217_1400_Grif.html

Claims (19)

1. A multifunctional boat containing a hull, a propulsion system, control systems, navigation, communications, as well as controlled fire monitors with hydraulic systems for supplying water and / or foam for extinguishing fires on surface objects and on the shore, characterized in that it is equipped with containers with the following substances: - a neutralizing agent for the neutralization of spills of chemically hazardous substances or a film of oil products; - a coloring agent for coloring the offending vessel; - shielding substance for shielding antennas and locators of the offending vessel; while the controlled fire monitors are made with the possibility of supplying substances from the indicated containers, and the hull contains a reinforced bow for contact action on the violating vessels, permanently installed on the boat hull with the possibility of its replacement. 2. A multifunctional boat according to claim 1, characterized in that a gel is used as a coloring agent, and a conductive solution or gel with the addition of metal particles is used as a shielding agent. 3. A method for suppressing the illegal actions of offending ships using a multifunctional boat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the following actions are carried out to force the offending ship to execute commands: - supply water jets from fire monitors to the bow and/or stern of the intruder to change the course of its movement; - supply water jets from fire monitors to the air intakes of the propulsion system of the offending vessel; - wash off persons threatening to use weapons against the boat and its crew from the deck of the offending vessel with water jets from fire monitors; - a coloring agent is supplied from fire monitors to the windows or windows of the control cabin of the offending vessel; - shield the antennas and locators of the offending vessel by supplying a shielding substance to them from fire monitors; - they act with the reinforced bow on the hull of the offending vessel. 4. A method for suppressing illegal actions according to claim 3, characterized in that to increase maneuverability, reactive force is used from jets from fire monitors: - for a turn, jets are fed in opposite directions from the sides; - to accelerate the movement, jets are fed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement; - for braking, jets are supplied in the direction of movement; - to prevent a collision, jets are fed to the side. 5. A method for neutralizing the spill of chemically hazardous substances and films of oil products using a multifunctional boat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a neutralizing agent is supplied from the fire monitors to the place of pollution.

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