RU2790256C1 - Device for washing tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural machinery industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry. The device comprises a washing bath with a drain hole and a loading gate. A lower part of the bath is made in the form of a hollow right truncated cone, facing downwards with a smaller base. A screw conveyor enclosed in a casing equipped with an unloading gate is installed in the bath on a vertical drive shaft, as well as an intake socket, made in the form of a hollow right truncated cone, facing downwards with a smaller base. The diameter of the intake socket, made with a smaller base, coincides with the diameter of rods, rigidly attached to the lower edge of the screw conveyor. The rods are placed on its edge line, and axial lines of that cores coincide with vertical plane, crossing the edge line. The first rod is attached to the screw conveyor at the intersection point of the line, forming a conditional cylindrical surface of the screw conveyor, equal to its radius, with its edge line and is made to form a broken line, the upper part of which is vertical to the bending point, and the lower part, after the bending point, is made at an angle of 135 degrees so its free end is directed aside from screw conveyor rotation axis. The second rod is made straight and attached to the screw conveyor at the point dividing screw conveyor radius in half. Gaps are formed between free end of the first rod and inner side surface of the bath, as well as between free end of the second rod and inner back surface of the bath. At least four nozzles in the form of tubes are attached to the lower part of the bath from its outside. Axial lines of the nozzles cross the conditional surface of rotation of the second rod around the axis of rotation of the shaft and converge at the shaft rotation axis, located closer to the lower edge of the intake socket. At the inlet cavities of the nozzles are interconnected by a pipeline, to which a pipeline with a valve for supplying fluid from a pump or compressor.

EFFECT: present invention provides improved washing quality of tuberous roots.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for washing root crops.

A device for washing root crops is known, including a washing bath, a disk with activator blades and an auger enclosed in a casing, and also an upper additional and a lower main nozzle installed on a vertical drive shaft. At the same time, the intake part of the casing is made in the form of a perforated cylinder passing through the hole of the upper additional nozzle. The lower main nozzle is located under the upper nozzle and is made to form a cavity for water supply from the pump through the pipeline. The inner wall of the main nozzle is perforated with holes, thereby forming a cone annular sprinkler. From below, a cylindrical guide is attached to the lower main nozzle, connected by a side window made in it. A loading window is located in front of the guide. (Utility model patent of the Republic of Belarus No. 9873, A23N 12/02, 07/17/2017) [1].

The main disadvantage of this device is its complexity of design.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a device for washing root crops, including a washing bath, installed in it on a vertical drive shaft, a disk with activator blades and an auger with an unloading window enclosed in a casing, as well as an intake bell, made by a drive and in in the form of a hollow truncated cone, with its large base facing down, equipped with blades from its inner surface and installed with a gap relative to the screw casing (A.S. USSR No. 1184516, A23N 12/02, 06.02.1983) [2].

The disadvantage of this device is that it has a complex design and does not provide high quality washing of root crops.

The objective of the invention is to create a device that improves the quality of washing root crops.

The essence of the invention is as follows. The intake socket is made with a smaller base, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the casing. When this named socket is rigidly attached to the casing from the side of its lower cut. In addition, two rods are rigidly attached to the lower cut of the screw, placed on the line of its cut, and the axial lines of these rods coincide with the vertical plane passing through the cut line. The first rod is attached to the screw at the point of intersection of the line forming the conditional cylindrical surface of the screw, equal to its radius, with its cut line and is made to form a broken line, the upper part of which is vertical up to the bending point, and the lower part, after the bending point, is made at an angle of 135 degrees to it in such a way that its free end is directed away from the axis of rotation of the screw. The second rod is attached to the screw at a point dividing the radius of the screw in half and is made straight. Gaps are formed between the free end of the first rod and the inner side surface of the tub, as well as between the free end of the second rod and the inner bottom surface of the tub. At least four nozzles in the form of tubes are attached to the lower part of the bath, from its outer side, the axial lines of which intersect the conditional surface of rotation of the second rod around the axis of rotation of the shaft and converge to a point on the axis of rotation of the shaft, which is closer to the lower cut of the intake bell. At the same time, at the inlet, the cavities of the nozzles are interconnected by a pipeline, to which a pipeline with a valve for supplying fluid from a pump or compressor is connected.

Taken together, this makes it possible to create a device that provides an improved quality of washing root crops due to additional exposure of root crops to a fluid medium - compressed air or water, as well as due to mechanical action on them by means of rotating rods attached to the screw.

The drawing shows a device for washing root crops, in particular, its general view in section is given, the dashed line shows the water level in the bath, the arrows in the lower part of the drawing indicate the fluid supply (air or water) under pressure P).

The device for washing root crops consists of a welded tub 1 with a drain hole (not shown). The lower part of the tub 1 is made in the form of a hollow straight truncated cone with its smaller base facing down. Inside it, a drive shaft 3 is vertically installed with a fixed conveying screw in the form of an auger 5, placed in a casing 2 with an unloading window 4. The intake bell 6, made in the form of a hollow straight truncated cone facing down with its large base, is rigidly attached to the lower cut of the casing 2. To do this, it is made with a smaller base, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the casing 2. Two rods 8 and 9 are rigidly attached to the lower cut of the screw 5, placed on the line of its cut, and the axial lines of these rods 8 and 9 coincide with the vertical plane passing through cut line. The first rod 9 is connected to the screw 5 at the point of intersection of the line forming the conditional cylindrical surface of the screw 5, equal to its radius, with its cut line and is made with the formation of a broken line, the upper part of which is vertical up to the bending point, and the lower part, after the bending point, is made at an angle of 135 degrees to it (to the vertical) in such a way that its free end is directed away from the axis of rotation of the screw 5. The second rod 8 is attached to the screw 5 at a point dividing the radius of the screw 5 in half and is made straight. Gaps are formed between the free end of the first rod 9 and the inner side surface of the tub 1, as well as between the free end of the second rod 8 and the inner bottom surface of the tub 1. At least four nozzles 7 in the form of tubes are attached to the lower part of the bath, from its outer side, the axial lines of which intersect the conditional surface of rotation of the second rod 8 around the axis of rotation of the shaft 3 and converge to a point on the axis of rotation of this shaft 3, located closer to the lower cut of the intake socket 6. At the same time, at the inlet, the cavities of the nozzles 7 are interconnected by a pipeline (not shown), to which a pipeline with a valve for supplying fluid from a pump or compressor (not shown) is connected.

Device for washing root crops works as follows. Bath 1 is filled with water to the level (in the drawing it is shown by a dashed line) drain hole (not shown). At the same time, the loader conveyor (not shown) evenly feeds root crops into the tub 1, which, under the action of gravity, descend to its bottom part. The rods 8, 9 and the screw 5, rotating with the drive shaft 3, create a rotational movement of water in the tub 1. At the same time, the washing process is intensified due to the mechanical effect on the root crops through the rotating rods 8 and 9. intake socket 6 is supplied under pressure fluid in the form of jets of air or water (the valve is open), which additionally clean the root crops and feed them to the screw 3, and it, in turn, raises the root crops to the window 4, through which they enter the container of the finished product (not shown).

It is also possible to use the proposed installation. The fluid supply is turned off - the valve is closed. At the same time, the shaft 3 with the screw 5 and the rods 8, 9 are slowly rotated. The root crops are washed mainly due to the mechanical action of the rotating rods 8 and 9 on them. a fluid medium is supplied under excess pressure in the form of jets of air or water, which additionally clean the root crops and bring them to the auger 3.

Thus, a device has been proposed that provides an improved quality of washing root crops due to additional exposure of root crops to a fluid medium - compressed air or water, as well as due to mechanical action on them by means of rotating rods.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT:

1. Utility model patent of the Republic of Belarus No. 9873, A23N 12/02, 07/17/2017 - prototype.

2. A.s. USSR No. 1184516, A23N 12/02, 06/02/1983 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for washing root crops, including a washing bath with a drain hole and a loading window, the lower part of which is made in the form of a hollow straight truncated cone facing the smaller base down, an auger installed in it on a vertical drive shaft, enclosed in a casing equipped with an unloading window, and also intake socket made in the form of a hollow straight truncated cone facing down with its large base, characterized in that the intake socket is made with a smaller base, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the casing, while the named socket is rigidly attached to the casing from the side of its lower cut, in addition , two rods are rigidly attached to the lower cut of the screw, placed on the line of its cut, and the axial lines of these rods coincide with the vertical plane passing through the cut line, the first rod is attached to the screw at the point of intersection of the line forming the conditional cylindrical surface of the screw, equal to its radius , with its cut line and is made with the formation of a broken line, the upper part of which is vertical up to the bending point, and the lower part, after the bending point, is made at an angle of 135 degrees to it in such a way that its free end is directed away from the axis of rotation of the screw, the second rod is attached to the screw at the point , dividing the radius of the screw in half, and is made straight, between the free end of the first rod and the inner side surface of the bath, as well as between the free end of the second rod and the inner bottom surface of the bath, gaps are formed, to the bottom of the bath, from its outer side, are attached at least at least four nozzles in the form of tubes, the axial lines of which intersect the conditional surface of rotation of the second rod around the axis of rotation of the shaft and converge to a point on the axis of rotation of the shaft, which is closer to the lower cut of the intake socket, while at the inlet the cavities of the nozzles are interconnected by a pipeline, to to which a pipeline with a valve for supplying fluid from a pump or compressor is connected.

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