RU2783356C1 - Device for washing root crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering. The device comprises a washing bath, a disk with activator blades and an auger installed in it on a vertical drive shaft, enclosed in a casing, as well as an intake bell, made driving and in the form of a hollow truncated cone, with its large base facing down, equipped with blades from its inner surface and installed with a gap relative to the screw casing. The bottom part of the bath along the periphery from the heel, in which the shaft is installed, is made in the form of a sieve in the form of a ring - with the formation of holes with vertical axes in it. The diameter of the holes is less than the diameter of the cross section of the root crop of the smallest size. The outer diameter of the sieve is greater than the diameter of the circle described by the activator during its rotation. The bottom part is equipped with a sump, hermetically attached to the body of the bath, which is a hollow truncated straight circular cone, with its large base facing upwards - close to the sieve, and its axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft. To the smaller base of said cone, a tip is hermetically attached in the form of a cylinder, the inner diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the holes in the sieve, and its axis of rotation also coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft. The tip is equipped with a latch.

EFFECT: possibility of technological maintenance of the device is provided.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to devices for washing root crops.

A device for washing root crops is known, including a washing bath, a disk with activator blades and an auger enclosed in a casing, and also an upper additional and a lower main nozzle installed on a vertical drive shaft. At the same time, the intake part of the casing is made in the form of a perforated cylinder passing through the hole of the upper additional nozzle. The lower main nozzle is located under the upper nozzle and is made to form a cavity for water supply from the pump through the pipeline. The inner wall of the main nozzle is perforated with holes, thereby forming a cone annular sprinkler. From below, a cylindrical guide is attached to the lower main nozzle, connected by a side window made in it. A loading window is located in front of the guide. (Utility model patent of the Republic of Belarus No. 9873, A23N 12/02, 07/17/2017) [1].

The main disadvantage of this device is its complexity of design.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a device for washing root crops, including a washing bath, installed in it on a vertical drive shaft, a disk with activator blades and an auger enclosed in a casing, as well as an intake bell, made driven and in the form of a hollow truncated a cone facing down with its large base, equipped with blades from its inner surface and installed with a gap relative to the screw casing (A.S. USSR No. 1184516, A23N 12/02, 06/02/1983) [2].

The disadvantage of this device is that it is little adapted to the maintenance.

The objective of the invention is to create a device that provides the possibility of its technological maintenance.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the bottom part of the bath along the periphery of the heel, in which the shaft is installed, is made in the form of a sieve in the form of a ring - with the formation of holes in it with vertical axes of rotation, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the cross section of the root crop of the smallest size. In this case, the outer diameter of the sieve is greater than the diameter of the circle described by the activator during its rotation. In addition, the bottom part is equipped with a sump, hermetically attached to the bath body, which is a hollow truncated straight circular cone, with its large base facing upwards - close to the sieve, and its axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft. To the smaller base of said cone, a tip is hermetically attached in the form of a cylinder, the inner diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the holes in the sieve, and its axis of rotation also coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft. In this case, the tip is equipped with a valve.

Taken together, this makes it possible to create a device that provides the possibility of its technological maintenance by collecting small stones and solid impurities in a sump with their subsequent removal through the tip.

In FIG. a device for washing root crops is shown, in particular, its general view in section is given.

The device for washing root crops consists of a tub 1 of a welded structure. Inside it, a drive shaft 3 is vertically installed with a fixed conveying screw in the form of an auger 5, placed in a casing 2 with an unloading window 4. A disk with activator blades 7 is fixed in the lower part of the shaft 3. An intake socket 6 is rigidly attached to the lower section of the auger 5, made in in the form of a hollow truncated cone with its large base facing down. In this case, the socket 6 is equipped with blades from its inner surface (not shown) and is installed with a gap relative to the casing 2. there are holes with vertical axes of rotation, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the cross-sectional diameter of the root crop of the smallest size. The outer diameter of the sieve 12 is greater than the diameter of the circle described by the activator 7 during its rotation. In addition, the bottom part is equipped with a sump 8, hermetically attached to the body of the bath 1, which is a hollow truncated straight circular cone, with its large base facing upwards - close to the sieve 12, and its axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft 3. To the smaller base of the named cone The tip 9 is hermetically attached in the form of a cylinder, the inner diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the holes in the sieve 12, and its axis of rotation also coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft 3. At the same time, the tip 9 is equipped with a valve 10.

Device for washing root crops works as follows. Bath 1 is filled with water to the level (in Fig. it is shown by a dashed line) of the drain hole (not shown). At the same time, the loader conveyor (not shown) evenly delivers root crops into the bath 1, which, under the action of gravity, descend to its bottom part. The disk with the blades of the activator 7 and the auger 5, rotating with the drive shaft 3, create a rotational movement of water in the tub 1. The intake bell 6, capturing the water, supplies it from the bottom up, providing circulation. Root crops float up and are captured by auger 5, and water through the gap between socket 6 and casing 2 enters the zone of active washing of root crops, where it meets water flows that are in rotational motion from activator 7. At the same time, root crops, making a chaotic movement, are intensively washed.

Since the bottom part of the bath 1 is made in the form of a sieve 12 in the form of a ring - with the formation of holes in it with vertical axes of rotation, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the cross section of the root crop of the smallest size, and the outer diameter of the sieve 12 is greater than the diameter of the circle described by the activator 7 when it rotation, then the root crops pass by the sieve 12, and small stones and soil impurities seep through its holes into the cavity of the sump 8. The waste accumulated in the sump 8 is removed. To do this, the valve 10 is opened. Since the inner diameter of the tip 9 is larger than the diameter of the holes in the sieve 12, the waste is drained from the sump 8 under the action of its own gravity and water flow. After that, the valve 10 is closed and the washing of root crops continues.

Thus, on the basis of the proposed technical solutions, it seems possible to create a device that provides the possibility of its technological maintenance in order to remove periodically accumulating waste in the form of stones of soil impurities from its bath.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Utility model patent of the Republic of Belarus No. 9873, A23N 12/02, 07/17/2017 - prototype.

2. A.s. USSR No. 1184516, A23N 12/02, 06/02/1983 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for washing root crops, including a washing bath, a disk with activator blades and an auger enclosed in a casing, installed in it on a vertical drive shaft, as well as an intake bell, made driving and in the form of a hollow truncated cone, facing down with a large base, equipped with blades with its the inner surface and installed with a gap relative to the casing of the screw, characterized in that the bottom part of the bath along the periphery of the heel, in which the shaft is installed, is made in the form of a sieve in the shape of a ring - with the formation of holes in it with vertical axes of rotation, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the transverse section of the root crop of the smallest size, while the outer diameter of the sieve is greater than the diameter of the circle described by the activator during its rotation, in addition, the bottom part is equipped with a sump, hermetically attached to the body of the bath, which is a hollow truncated straight circular cone, facing the large base up - right next to the sieve , and e its axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft, a tip in the form of a cylinder is hermetically attached to the smaller base of the named cone, the inner diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the holes in the sieve, and its axis of rotation also coincides with the axis of rotation of the shaft, while the tip is equipped with a valve.

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