RU2789817C1 - Asynchronous ac synchronous axial-radial wind turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to wind power converters, can may be used for converting incoming air stream kinetic energy (for example, energy of incoming air stream when using on mobile local objects, wind energy when using on stationary local objects) into alternating current electrical energy. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that asynchronous synchronous axial-radial alternating current wind turbine generator contains a fixed platform, rigidly installed on a boom-holder, front and rear bearing units, the inner stator with a fixed axis pressed into the hole made in the center of the fixed platform, and the outer rotor containing a hub with blades installed on the hub outer surface with a fairing at the front side. The wind generator is designed as a two-cascade generator and consists of an exciter and the main generator, the magnetic system elements of which are fixed to the inner stator and the outer rotor. The exciter consists of an axial exciter field winding, in slots of which a three-phase exciter field winding and an axial exciter armature winding are installed. The wind generator also contains an inverter, the input of which input is connected to the main generator three-phase armature winding phase commencement, the inverter output is connected to the exciter three-phase excitation winding phase commencement.

EFFECT: invention provides possibility to improve operational and technical characteristics of wind turbine, in particular, to improve the quality of generated electricity alternating current by minimizing the generator output voltage deviation from the set frequency and amplitude when changing the velocity of incoming air flow, increase reliability of wind turbine by reducing probability of overheating the exciter windings and the main generator by facilitating the wind turbine elements thermal operation mode.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to wind-electric energy converters, and can be used as a converter of the kinetic energy of the incident air flow (for example, the energy of the incident air flow when used on moving local objects, wind energy when used on stationary local objects) into electrical energy alternating current.

Known multi-phase AC wind generator (US Pat. RF No. 2658316, authors Kashin Ya.M., Kashin A.Ya., Knyazev A.S.), containing a shaft, an inner stator and an outer rotor with permanent magnets and a fairing, blades. The base of the inner stator is made in the form of a fixed platform rigidly fixed on the holding rod, and the side surface of the inner stator is formed by the outer side of the armature magnetic circuit made in the form of a truncated cone with grooves in which the multi-phase armature winding is laid. The armature magnetic circuit with one end side is rigidly fixed on a fixed platform on which the voltage regulator is installed, and on the opposite end side of the armature magnetic circuit there is a front bearing, in the inner ring of which there is a disk rigidly connected to the shaft. The outer rotor is also made in the form of a truncated cone, contains a hub, on the inner surface of which the magnetic circuit of the inductor made in the form of a truncated cone with permanent magnets made in the form of segments of a truncated cone is rigidly fixed, and is rigidly fixed to the shaft mounted in the front and rear bearings. The rear bearing is mounted in the center of the fixed platform and secured against movement in the axial direction with a thrust washer. A fairing is installed in the front part of the hub, around which ventilation holes are made in the hub along a circle centered on the symmetry axis of the outer rotor. Holes are made in the lateral part of the hub, in which rotary axles are installed, rigidly connected with the blades fixed on the outer side of the hub. Brackets are rigidly mounted on the disk from the side of the fixed platform, in which centrifugal weights are fixed, connected to the rotary axes by means of cables passed through rollers mounted on the inner surface of the hub, and rollers rigidly mounted on the shaft. Compressed springs are installed between the rotary axes and rollers, and extended springs are installed between the centrifugal weights and the shaft.

However, the value and frequency of the voltage at the output of such a wind generator depend on the speed of rotation of the rotor with the permanent magnets of the inductor installed on it:

where U is the voltage value at the output of the wind generator, C is the design factor, n is the rotor speed, F is the excitation magnetic flux.

where ƒ is the frequency of alternating current at the output of the wind generator, p is the number of pairs of poles (magnets) of the inductor, n is the speed of rotation of the rotor.

In such a wind generator, it is not possible to stabilize the frequency of the alternating voltage (and, accordingly, the alternating current) at the output of the wind generator with sufficient speed due to the fact that the regulation is carried out by a mechanical regulator of the rotor speed - rotary blades, which stabilize the rotor speed and, accordingly the frequency of the alternating voltage depending on it. The speed of stabilization by mechanical regulation is not large enough.

The possible installation of a constant speed drive worsens the operational and technical characteristics of the wind generator, namely: it worsens the weight and size parameters of the wind generator and reduces the reliability of its operation.

This limits the scope of the well-known multi-phase AC wind generator: a generator with a voltage that is unstable in amplitude and frequency is not suitable for supplying directly (without additional power converters) consumers of AC electricity that place high demands on the quality of the supply voltage.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of technical essence and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a stabilized valve axial-radial DC wind generator (US Pat. RF No. 2689211, authors Kashin Ya.M., Kashin A.Ya. which is made in the form of a fixed platform, rigidly fixed on the holding rod, and a rotor, the outer side surface of which is made with curved blades, and the front part of the rotor is made with a fairing and inlet ventilation holes located around the fairing in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the rotor , while the rotor is fixed on the axis, and the output three-phase full-wave rectifier is rigidly fixed on the fixed platform. The axis of the wind generator adopted as a prototype is fixed, with a shoulder in the middle part, and is pressed into a hole made in the center of the fixed platform, on which the axial magnetic core of the main generator armature with a three-phase armature winding of the main generator and a voltage regulator, the input of which is connected to the output of the output of a three-phase two-half-wave rectifier, while on the fixed axis, a radial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor is rigidly fixed, in the grooves of which a single-phase excitation winding of the exciter is laid, connected to the output of the voltage regulator in accordance with the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, in the front part of the inner cavity of the rotor, a radial the exciter armature magnetic circuit, in the grooves of which the multiphase winding of the exciter armature is laid, and in the rear part of the inner cavity of the rotor, the axial magnetic circuit of the main generator inductor is rigidly fixed, into the grooves of which from the side of the axial In the axial magnetic circuit of the armature of the main generator, a single-phase excitation winding of the main generator is laid, connected to the output of a multi-phase full-wave rectifier, while the rotor is mounted on an axis made stationary by means of a disk fixed in the internal cavity of the axial magnetic circuit of the main generator inductor, and made with outlet ventilation holes located along a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the rotor in close proximity to the diodes of a multi-phase full-wave rectifier, and with a bore in its central part, in which the outer ring of the rear bearing is laid, the inner ring of which is installed with an interference fit in the middle part of the fixed axle, while the rear bearing is fixed from movement in the axial direction by a shoulder and a bushing mounted on a fixed axis between the rear bearing and the radial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, and the rear part of the fairing is made with a bore into which the outer ring of the front bearing is laid, the inner ring of which is fixed with an interference fit in the front part of the axle, which is made fixed.

The disadvantage of the known stabilized valve axial-radial DC wind generator is the inability to obtain AC electricity of a stable frequency.

In addition, the disadvantage of such a wind generator is the severe thermal mode of operation of its elements, since the design of such a wind generator does not provide sufficient heat removal from the heating elements - the windings of the exciter and the main generator. Overheating of the armature windings of the exciter and the main generator can lead to a breakdown of their insulation and, as a result, to an inter-turn short circuit and a short to the case.

All of the above leads to a decrease in the reliability of the wind generator adopted for the prototype.

The objective of the invention is to improve the design of the wind generator in order to expand its scope.

The technical result is an improvement in the operational and technical characteristics of the wind generator, namely: improving the quality of the generated AC electricity by minimizing the deviation of the generator output voltage from the specified frequency and amplitude when the speed of the incoming air flow changes, increasing the reliability of the wind generator by reducing the likelihood of overheating of the exciter windings and the main generator by facilitating the thermal operation of the elements of the wind generator.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an asynchronized synchronous axial-radial alternating current wind generator containing a fixed platform rigidly fixed to the holding rod, front and rear bearing assemblies, an internal stator with a fixed axis pressed into a hole made in the center of the fixed platform, and an outer rotor containing a hub with blades fixed on its outer surface, in the front part of which a fairing is installed, while the wind generator is made two-stage and contains an exciter and a main generator, the elements of the magnetic system of which are fixed on the inner stator and the outer rotor, the fairing is made with internal and external inlet ventilation openings, and the outer rotor hub is made containing a front disk with internal and external ventilation openings and a rear disk with internal and external outlet ventilation openings, while the outer rotor hub is installed with the possibility of rotation on the fixed axis of the inner stator by means of the front and rear bearing assemblies, the inner rings of which are installed with an interference fit on the fixed axis of the inner stator, the outer ring of the front bearing assembly is placed in the mounting hole in the central part of the front disk, and the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly is placed in the mounting a hole in the central part of the rear disk, while the exciter is made consisting of an axial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, in the grooves of which a three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is placed, mounted on the middle disk of the internal stator rigidly fixed on the fixed axis of the inner stator with located around the circumference with the center on the axis of symmetry of the fixed the axis of the inner stator with ventilation holes, and the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature, in the grooves of which, from the side of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, a three-phase winding of the exciter armature is laid the main generator is rigidly fixed on the front disk between its internal and external ventilation holes, and the main generator consists of a cylindrical magnetic circuit of the main generator inductor rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the outer rotor hub, in the grooves of which a three-phase excitation winding of the main generator is placed, connected to a three-phase armature winding exciter with the reverse order of phase sequence with respect to it, and a cylindrical magnetic circuit of the armature of the main generator, in the grooves of which a three-phase armature winding of the main generator is placed, rigidly fixed on the fixed axis of the internal stator by means of a thin-walled cylinder with an internal disk 19 having through-flow ventilation holes located along a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the fixed axis of the inner stator, while on the inner surface of a thin-walled cylinder with an inner disk in close proximity to the through-flow ventilation a controlled inverter is fixed with holes, the input of which is connected to the beginnings of the phases of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, and the output is connected to the beginnings of the phases of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, while the centers of the external outlet ventilation holes of the rear disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor opposite the middle of the air of the gap between the cylindrical magnetic circuits of the inductor and the armature of the main generator, the centers of the internal ventilation holes of the front disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is less than the inner diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the diameter of the internal ventilation holes, the centers of the external ventilation holes of the front disk are located along a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is greater than the outer diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the value of the diameter of the external ventilation holes , while the inner inlet vents of the fairing are located opposite the inner vents of the front disk, the outer inlet vents of the fairing are located opposite the outer vents of the front disk.

A controlled inverter of an asynchronized synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator is performed containing:

1) a PWM controller consisting of a comparison unit having first, second, third and fourth inputs and first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs, a sawtooth signal shaper, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, and the first, the second and third generators of the sinusoidal signal, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth inputs of the comparison unit,

2) the first, second and third voltage sensors, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the beginnings of phases A, B and C of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the first, second and third shapers of the sinusoidal signal of the PWM controller, respectively;

3) the first and second capacitors having positive and negative terminals, while the positive terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, the negative terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, and the negative terminal of the first capacitor and the positive terminal of the second capacitor are connected between themselves;

4) the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth transistors, each of which is connected to a protective diode that conducts current in the direction from the emitter to the collector of the transistor to which it is connected,

the base of the first transistor is connected to the first output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the second transistor is connected to the second output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the third transistor is connected to the third output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the fourth output of the comparison unit PWM controller, the base of the fifth transistor is connected to the fifth output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the sixth transistor is connected to the sixth output of the PWM controller comparison unit, while the collectors of the first, third and fifth transistors are connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, and the emitters of the second , the fourth and sixth transistors are connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, the emitter of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor have a common point, to which the beginning of phase A'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the third transistor and the collector of the fourth transistor have a common point is connected to which the beginning of phase B'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the fifth transistor and the collector of the sixth transistor have a common point to which the beginning of phase C'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, and the ends of phases A'', B' ' and C'' of the three-phase exciter winding are interconnected, with the negative terminal of the first capacitor and the positive terminal of the second capacitor.

The extension of the scope of the generator is carried out by improving its operational and technical characteristics.

Improving the operational and technical characteristics of the wind generator is to improve the quality of the generated AC electricity and improve the reliability of the wind generator

Improving the quality of the generated AC electricity is ensured by minimizing the deviation of the output voltage of the wind generator from the specified frequency and amplitude when the speed of the incoming air flow changes.

Minimization of the deviation of the output voltage of the wind generator in frequency with a change in the speed of the oncoming air flow is achieved by the fact that the three-phase excitation winding of the main generator, laid in the grooves of the cylindrical magnetic circuit of the main generator inductor, is connected to the three-phase winding of the exciter armature with the phase sequence reversed with respect to it. Such a connection provides the frequency of the voltage induced in the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, equal to:

where the ƒ ƒ _{ƒ ƒ ƒ orth} is the frequency of the EMF, induced in the three -phase winding of the main generator, Р _q is the number of poles of the poles of the main generator inductor, n _vmpog - the speed of rotation of the magnetic field induced in a three -phase winding for the excitation of the main generator, n _p is the speed of rotation of the external the rotor changing when changing the runaway air flow, k is the proportionality coefficient equal to the ratio of the number of poles of the inductor of the main generator to the number of poles of the poles of the pathogen inducer, n _VFPV - the speed of rotation of the magnetic field induced in the three -phase winding of the exciter, determined by the formula, determined by the formula. :

where ƒ _vv ^_ the frequency of the voltage supplied to the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, p _in is the number of pairs of poles of the exciter inductor.

Thus, the frequency ƒ _rad of the voltage induced in the three-phase winding of the armature of the main generator is proportional to the frequency ƒ _vv of the voltage supplied to the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, which is set by a controlled inverter, the input of which is connected to the beginnings of the phases of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, and the output is connected to the beginning of the phases of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter.

Minimization of the deviation of the output voltage of the wind generator from the specified amplitude when the speed of the oncoming air flow changes is achieved by fixing a controlled inverter on the inner surface of the thin-walled cylinder, the input of which is connected to the beginnings of the phases of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, and the output is connected to the beginnings of the phases of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter . To implement the function of minimizing the deviation of the amplitude of the output voltage of the wind generator from the specified one, this inverter is made of the following elements:

1) SHIM controller consisting of a comparison unit of CP, which has the first, second, third and fourth inputs and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs, the FPS sawtime former, the output of which is connected to the first entrance of the CP comparison unit, and the first, second and third formers of the sinusoidal signal of the FSS _a , FSS _B , FSS _C , the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth entrances of the CP comparison unit,

2) the first day _a , the second day _B and the third day _with the voltage sensors, the entrances of which are connected respectively to the start of the phase A, B and the three -phase winding of the anchor of the main generator, and the outputs are connected to the entrances of the first, second and third formers of the sinusoidal signal of the ShIM controller respectively;

3) the first and second capacitors C1 and C2, having positive and negative terminals, while the positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, the negative terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, while the negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the positive terminal of the second capacitor C2 are interconnected;

4) the first VT1, the second VT2, the third VT3, the fourth VT4, the fifth VT5 and the sixth VT6 transistors, each of which is connected to a protective diode that conducts current in the direction from the emitter to the collector of the transistor to which it is connected,

while the base of the first transistor VT1 is connected to the first output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the second transistor VT2 is connected to the second output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the third transistor VT3 is connected to the third output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the fourth transistor VT4 is connected to the fourth output of the comparison unit of the PWM controller, the base of the fifth transistor VT5 is connected to the fifth output of the comparison unit of the PWM controller, the base of the sixth transistor VT6 is connected to the sixth output of the comparison unit of the PWM controller,

while the collectors of the first, third and fifth transistors VT1, VT3 and VT5 are connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, and the emitters of the second, fourth and sixth transistors VT2, VT4, VT6 are connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, the emitter of the first transistor VT1 and the collector of the second transistor VT2 have a common point to which the beginning of phase A'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the third transistor VT3 and the collector of the fourth transistor VT4 have a common point to which the beginning of phase B'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the fifth transistor VT5 and the collector of the sixth transistor VT6 have a common point, to which the beginning of phase C'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, and the ends of the phases A'', B'' and C'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter are connected to each other, with the negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 and positive terminal of the second capacitor C2.

The first DN _A 36, the second DN _B 37 and the third DN _C 38 voltage sensors, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the beginnings of phases A, B and C of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, measure the deviation of the actual amplitude of the phase voltages of phases A, B and C of the three-phase winding anchors of the main generator, from the given.

The first, second and third formers of the Sinusoidal signal of the FSS _a , FSS _V , FSS _C , the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding voltage sensors, form sinusoidal signals, proportional to the deviations of the actual amplitude of phase A, B and with a three -phase winding of the anchor of the main generator from the given.

Comparison unit CP provides: comparing the values of sinusoidal signals coming from the outputs of the sinusoidal signal generators FSS _A , FSS _B , FSS _C to its second, third and fourth inputs, with the value of the sawtooth signal generated by the FSS sawtooth signal generator and supplied to its first input, the formation and subsequent supply of the corresponding sequences of pulses from their outputs to the bases of the first VT1, second VT2, third VT3, fourth VT4, fifth VT5 and sixth VT6 transistors, each of which is connected to a protective diode that conducts current in the direction from the emitter to the collector of the transistor, to to which it is connected.

The above-described connection of the collectors and emitters of the first VT1, second VT2, third VT3, fourth VT4, fifth VT5 and sixth VT6 transistors to each other, with the corresponding beginnings of the phases of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, makes it possible to control the magnitude of the average values of phase currents in the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter at the level necessary to compensate for the deviation of the amplitude of the output voltage from the specified one.

Increasing the reliability of the wind generator is provided by reducing the likelihood of overheating of the windings of the exciter and the main generator by facilitating the thermal operation of the elements of the wind generator.

Facilitation of the thermal mode of operation is provided by:

- internal and external intake vents of the fairing,

- internal and external ventilation holes of the front disc, in the mounting hole of the central part of which the outer ring of the front bearing assembly is placed,

- internal and external outlet ventilation holes of the rear disk, in the mounting hole of the central part of which the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly is placed,

- ventilation holes of the middle disk, which is rigidly fixed on a fixed axis, pressed into a hole made in the center of the fixed platform,

- passing ventilation openings of the inner disk of the thin-walled cylinder.

In this case, the internal inlet vents of the fairing are located opposite the internal vents of the front disk, the outer inlet vents of the fairing are located opposite the external vents of the front disk.

Facilitation of the thermal mode of operation of the controlled inverter and its elements is achieved by fixing it on the inner surface of a thin-walled cylinder with an inner disk in close proximity to the through-hole ventilation holes of the inner disk of the thin-walled cylinder and to the internal outlet ventilation holes of the rear disk.

Facilitation of the thermal regime of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, laid in the grooves of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, rigidly fixed on the middle disk with ventilation holes, and the three-phase winding of the exciter armature, laid in the grooves of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature, rigidly fixed on the front disk, is achieved by the fact that:

- the centers of the internal ventilation openings of the front disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is less than the internal diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the diameter of the internal ventilation openings,

- the centers of the external ventilation openings of the front disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the rotor, the diameter of which is greater than the outer diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the diameter of the external ventilation openings of the front disk,

- the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature is fixed between the internal and external ventilation holes of the front disk.

Such an arrangement of the above elements of the proposed wind generator allows for the flow of a part of the oncoming air flow directly:

- through the outer inlet ventilation openings of the fairing, external ventilation openings of the front disk and thereby cool the frontal parts of the three-phase armature and excitation windings from the outside of the axial magnetic circuits of the armature and the exciter inductor, respectively;

- through the internal inlet vents of the fairing, the internal vents of the front disk, the vents of the middle disk and thereby cool the frontal parts of the three-phase armature and exciter windings from the inside of the axial magnetic circuits of the armature and the exciter inductor, respectively.

Facilitation of the thermal regime of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, laid in the grooves of the cylindrical magnetic circuit of the main generator armature, rigidly fixed on a fixed axis by means of a thin-walled cylinder, and the three-phase excitation winding of the main generator, laid in the grooves of the cylindrical magnetic circuit of the main generator inductor, rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the outer hub rotor is achieved by:

- the outer inlet vents of the fairing are located opposite the outer vents of the front disk,

- the centers of the outer outlet ventilation openings of the rear disk are arranged in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor opposite the middle of the air gap between the cylindrical magnetic circuits of the inductor and the armature of the main generator.

Such an arrangement of the above elements of the proposed wind generator makes it possible to ensure the flow of a part of the oncoming air flow directly through the external inlet vents of the fairing, the external vents of the front disk, the air gap between the cylindrical magnetic circuits of the inductor and the armature of the main generator and exit through the external output vents of the rear disk into the atmosphere. In this case, the frontal parts of the three-phase armature and excitation windings and the cylindrical magnetic circuits of the inductor and armature of the main generator are cooled.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed asynchronous synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator, Fig. 2 - its electrical circuit, in Fig. 3 - voltage oscillograms in various elements of the controlled inverter.

Asynchronous synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator contains a fixed platform 22, rigidly fixed on the holding rod 24, front 10 and rear 23 bearing assemblies, an internal stator with a fixed axis 9, pressed into the hole made in the center of the fixed platform 22, and the outer rotor containing a hub 2 with blades 1 fixed on its outer surface, in front of which a fairing 11 is installed.

The wind generator is made two-stage and contains an exciter and a main generator, the elements of the magnetic system of which are fixed on the inner stator and outer rotor.

The fairing 11 is made with internal 12 and external 15 inlet ventilation holes, and the hub 2 of the outer rotor contains a front disk 4 with internal 13 and external 16 ventilation openings and a rear disk 17 with internal 21 and external 18 outlet ventilation openings.

The hub 2 of the outer rotor is mounted for rotation on the fixed axis 9 of the inner stator by means of the front 10 and rear 23 bearing assemblies, the inner rings of which are installed with an interference fit on the fixed axis 9 of the inner stator, the outer ring of the front bearing assembly 10 is placed in the mounting hole in the central part of the front disk 4, and the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly 23 is placed in the mounting hole in the central part of the rear disk 17.

The exciter consists of an axial magnetic circuit 5 of the exciter inductor, in the grooves of which a three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter is laid, mounted on a middle disk 3 of the internal stator rigidly fixed on the fixed axis 9 of the internal stator with ventilation holes located around the circumference centered on the axis of symmetry of the fixed axis 9 of the internal stator 14, and the axial magnetic circuit 6 of the exciter armature, in the grooves of which, from the side of the axial magnetic circuit 5 of the exciter inductor, a three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature is laid, rigidly fixed on the front disk 4 between its internal 13 and external 16 ventilation holes.

The main generator consists of a cylindrical magnetic circuit 28 of the main generator inductor rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the hub 2 of the outer rotor, in the grooves of which the three-phase excitation winding 29 of the main generator is laid, connected to the three-phase winding of the exciter armature 8 with the phase sequence reversed with respect to it, and a cylindrical the magnetic circuit 26 of the armature of the main generator, in the grooves of which the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator is laid, rigidly fixed on the fixed axis 9 of the internal stator by means of a thin-walled cylinder 30 with an internal disk 19 having through-flow ventilation holes 20 located around a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the fixed axis 9 internal stator.

On the inner surface of the thin-walled cylinder 30 with the inner disk 19 in close proximity to the ventilation holes 20, a controlled inverter 25 is fixed. Fig. 2).

The centers of the outer outlet vents 18 of the rear disk 17 are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor opposite the middle of the air gap between the cylindrical magnetic cores 28 of the inductor and 26 of the armature of the main generator. The centers of the internal ventilation holes 13 of the front disk 4 are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is less than the inner diameter of the axial magnetic circuit 6 of the exciter armature by the diameter of the internal ventilation holes 13.

The centers of the outer vent holes 16 of the front disk 4 are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is greater than the outer diameter of the axial magnetic circuit 6 of the exciter armature by the diameter of the outer vent holes 16.

The inner inlet vents 12 of the fairing 11 are located opposite the inner vents 13 of the front disc 4, and the outer inlet vents 15 of the fairing 11 are located opposite the outer vents 16 of the front disc 4.

Controlled inverter 25 contains (Fig. 2):

1) SHIM controller 47, consisting of a comparison unit CP 32, which has the first, second, third and fourth inputs and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs, the FPS 31 sawn-shaped signal, the output of which is connected to the first input of the block Comparisons CP 32, and the first FSS _a 33, the second FSS _in 34 and the third FSS _with 35 formers of the sinusoidal signal, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth entrances of the comparison unit CP 32,

2) the first DN _A 36, the second day _of 37 and the third day _with 38 voltage sensors, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the start of the phase A, and with a three -phase winding 27 anchor of the main generator, and the outputs are to the entrances of the first FSS _a 33, the second FSS _In 34 and the third FSS _With 35 shapers of the sinusoidal signal of the PWM controller 47, respectively;

3) The first C1 39 and the second C2 40 are capacitors with positive and negative terminals. The positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 39 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, the negative terminal of the second capacitor C2 40 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source. The negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 39 and the positive terminal of the second capacitor C2 40 are interconnected;

4) The first VT1 41, the second VT2 42, the third VT3 43, the fourth VT4 44, the fifth VT5 45 and the sixth VT6 46 transistors, each of which is connected to a protective diode that conducts current in the direction from the emitter to the collector of the transistor to which it is connected.

The base of the first transistor VT1 41 is connected to the first output of the comparison unit CP 32 of the PWM controller 47. The base of the second transistor VT2 42 is connected to the second output of the comparison unit CP 32 of the PWM controller 47. The base of the third transistor VT3 43 is connected to the third output of the comparison unit CP 32 PWM -controller 47. The base of the fourth transistor VT4 44 is connected to the fourth output of the comparison unit CP 32 of the PWM controller 47. The base of the fifth transistor VT5 45 is connected to the fifth output of the comparison unit 32 of the PWM controller 47. The base of the sixth transistor VT6 46 is connected to the sixth output of the comparison unit CP 32 PWM controller 47.

The collectors of the first VT1 41, third VT3 43 and fifth VT5 45 transistors are connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, and the emitters of the second VT2 42, fourth VT4 44 and sixth VT6 46 transistors are connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source.

The emitter of the first transistor VT1 41 and the collector of the second transistor VT2 42 have a common point to which the beginning of the phase A'' of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter is connected.

The emitter of the third transistor VT3 43 and the collector of the fourth transistor VT4 44 have a common point to which the beginning of phase B'' of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter is connected.

The emitter of the fifth transistor VT5 45 and the collector of the sixth transistor VT6 46 have a common point to which the beginning of the phase C'' of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter is connected.

The ends of the phases A'', B'' and C'' of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter are interconnected, with the negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 39 and the positive terminal of the second capacitor C2 40.

Asynchronized synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator operates as follows.

When an air flow (wind or air flow arising from the movement of a movable object on which the proposed wind generator is installed, for example, an aircraft, a car) runs, the fairing 11 divides this flow into three circuits: the first, second and third.

The incoming air flow of the first air circuit flows around the outer surface of the fairing 11 and the outer side of the hub 2, acts on the blades 1 and rotates the outer rotor (the hub 2 with the blades 1 fixed on its outer surface, the fairing 11, the axial magnetic circuit 6 of the exciter armature with a three-phase winding 8 exciter armature, rigidly fixed on the front disk 4, cylindrical magnetic core 28 of the main generator inductor with a three-phase excitation winding 29 of the main generator, rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the hub 2 of the outer rotor), installed by means of the front 10 and rear 23 bearing assemblies on the fixed axis 9 of the inner stator, pressed into the hole made in the center of the fixed platform 22, rigidly fixed on the holding rod 24.

The air flow of the second air circuit, directed by the fairing 11 through the outer inlet vents 15 of the fairing 11 and the outer vents 16 of the front disk 4 into the internal cavity of the wind generator, passes by the frontal parts of the three-phase windings 8 of the armature and 7 of the excitation of the exciter from the outside of the axial magnetic circuits 6 of the armature and 5 exciter inductor and cools them by removing heat from them. Then this air flow passes through the air gap between the cylindrical magnetic circuit 28 of the inductor of the main generator, in the grooves of which the three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator is laid, and rigidly fixed on the fixed axis 9 of the internal stator by means of a thin-walled cylinder 30 with an internal disk 19 of the cylindrical magnetic circuit 26 of the armature of the main generator , in the grooves of which the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator is laid, cools the cylindrical magnetic circuits 27 of the armature and 28 of the inductor and the three-phase windings 29 of excitation and 28 of the armature of the main generator, removing heat from them, and exits through the external outlet vents 18 of the rear disk 17 into the atmosphere.

The air flow of the third air circuit, directed by the fairing 11 through the internal inlet vents 12 of the fairing 11 and the internal vents 13 of the front disk 4 into the internal cavity of the wind generator, passes by the frontal parts of the three-phase windings 8 of the armature and 7 of the excitation of the exciter from the inside of the axial magnetic circuits 6 of the armature and 5 exciter inductor, cools them, taking heat from them. Then this air flow passes through the vent holes 14 of the middle disk 3, through the vent holes 20 of the inner disk 19 of the thin-walled cylinder 30, takes heat from the controlled inverter 25, cooling it, and through the internal outlet vents 21 of the rear disk 17 goes into the atmosphere, dissipating heat taken away from the internal elements of the proposed wind turbine.

At the same time, a three-phase PWM signal is supplied to the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter (Fig.1, 2) from the output of the controlled inverter 25, simulating a sinusoidal voltage with a given amplitude and frequency

where ƒ ₂₅ is a given voltage frequency generated by a controlled inverter 25, ƒ ₇ - the voltage frequency supplied to the three -phase winding 7 excitation of the pathogen.

Under the action of this voltage, a three-phase current flows in the phases of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, which creates a rotating magnetic field in the air gap of the exciter.

This magnetic field rotates at a speed of:

where ƒ ₇ is the frequency of the voltage supplied to the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, p ₇ is the number of pairs of poles of the exciter inductor, n _vmp7 is the rotation speed of the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, and induces armatures in the three-phase winding 8 exciter three-phase EMF, the frequency of which is equal to:

where ƒ ₈ is the frequency of the EMF induced in the three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature, p ₇ is the number of pairs of poles of the exciter inductor, n _vmp7 is the rotation speed of the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter.

When the outer rotor rotates with a three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature and a three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator, the frequency of the EMF induced in the three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature is determined by the sum of the rotation speed of the magnetic field n _vmp7 induced by the current flowing in the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, and the rotation speed outer rotor n _p , which changes with the change of the incoming air flow, and is determined by the formula:

where ƒ ₈ is the frequency of the EMF induced in the three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature, p ₇ is the number of pairs of poles of the exciter inductor, n _vmp7 is the rotation speed of the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, n _p is the rotation speed of the outer rotor , which changes with a change in the incoming air flow.

Three-phase EMF from the three-phase winding 8 of the armature of the exciter is fed to the three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator. Under the action of this EMF, a three-phase electric current flows in the phases of the three-phase excitation winding 29 of the main generator, which creates a rotating magnetic field in the air gap of the main generator (Fig. 1, 2). Due to the fact that the three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator is connected to the three-phase winding 8 of the armature of the exciter with the phase sequence reversed with respect to it, this rotating magnetic field rotates at a speed of n _VMP29 , equal in magnitude to the sum of the rotational speed of the magnetic field n _VMP7 , induced by the current flowing in the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, and the speed of rotation of the outer rotor n _p , changing with the change in the incoming air flow, but in the opposite direction:

where N _VMP29 is the speed of rotation of the magnetic field induced by the current occurring in the three -phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator, N _VMP7 is the speed of rotation of the magnetic field induced in a three -phase winding 7 excitation of the pathogen, n _p is the speed of rotation of the external rotor, which changes during change in the incoming air flow.

A rotating magnetic field created by a three-phase electric current flowing in the phases of the three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator induces a three-phase EMF in the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator, the frequency of which, when the outer rotor rotates, is determined by the difference in the speed of rotation of the outer rotor n _p , which changes with a change in the incoming air flow, and the speed of rotation of the magnetic field n _vmp29 induced by the current flowing in the three-phase winding 29 of the excitation of the main generator, and taking into account formula (9) is determined by the formula:

where ƒ ₂₇ is the frequency of the EMF, which is induced in a three -phase winding 27 of the main generator, P ₂₉ is the number of poles of the poles of the main generator inductor, N _VMP29 - the speed of rotation of the magnetic field induced in a three -phase winding 29 excitation of the main generator, N _VMP7 - speed - speed - speed rotations of a magnetic field induced by a current occurring in a three -phase winding 7 of the excitation of the pathogen, n _p is the speed of rotation of the external rotor, which changes when the runaway air flow changes.

Taking into account formulas (6) and (5), the formula for determining the EMF frequency in the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator will take the form:

where ƒ ₂₇ is the frequency of the EMF induced in the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator, p ₂₉ is the number of pairs of poles of the main generator inductor, n _vmp7 is the rotation speed of the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, ƒ ₇ is the voltage frequency supplied to the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, ƒ ₂₅ is the specified frequency of the voltage generated by the controlled inverter 25, k is the proportionality coefficient equal to the ratio of the number of pole pairs of the main generator inductor to the number of pole pairs of the exciter inductor.

Thus, the frequency ƒ ₂₇ of the three-phase EMF induced in the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator depends only on the specified frequency ƒ ₂₅ of the voltage generated at the output of the controlled inverter 25 and supplied to the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, and the value of the speed n _{p of} rotation of the outer rotor does not affects the frequency ƒ ₂₇ three-phase EMF induced in the three-phase armature winding 27 of the main generator, that is, the frequency of the output voltage of the proposed wind generator.

In this regard, when a voltage of a stable frequency is supplied from a controlled inverter 25 to a three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, the voltage frequency at the output of the proposed wind generator will be stable without additional measures and will be determined by formula (11).

The amplitude of the output voltage in the three-phase winding of the armature 27 of the main generator is controlled by changing the duty cycle of the pulses during the formation of the PWM signal applied to the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter from the output of the controlled inverter 25 - points A'', B'' and C'' (Fig. .2, 3).

It happens in the following way.

The phase voltages of the phases A, B and C of the three-phase armature winding 27 of the main generator are fed to the inputs, respectively, of the first DN _A 36, the second DN _B 37 and the third DN _C 38 voltage sensors (Fig. 2), which form signals proportional to the difference between the set and current values phase voltages of the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator.

These signals from the outputs of the first DN _A 36, the second DN _B 37 and the third DN _C 38 voltage sensors are fed to the inputs of the first FSS _A 33, the second FSS _B 34 and the third FSS _C 35 of the shapers of the sinusoidal signal of the PWM controller 47, respectively. The sinusoidal signal generators FSS _A 33, FSS _B 34 and FSS _C 35 generate sinusoidal signals corresponding to the difference between the set and current amplitude voltage values in the respective phases, and feed these signals to the inputs of the CP 32 comparison unit. At the same time, to the second input of the CP 32 comparison unit a signal is received from the output of the first sinusoidal signal generator FSS _A 33, the third input receives a signal from the output of the second sinusoidal signal generator FSS _B 34, the fourth input receives a signal from the output of the third sinusoidal signal generator FSS _C 35. At the same time, the first input of the comparison unit CP 32 a signal is received from the output of the sawtooth signal generator FPS 31.

In the comparison unit CP 32, the value of each of the sinusoidal signals coming from the outputs of the first FSS _A 33, the second FSS _B 34 and the third FSS _C 35 of the sinusoidal signal generators is compared at each moment of time with the value of the sawtooth signal coming from the output of the sawtooth signal generator FPS 31 (Fig. 3a).

If the voltage U _FPS coming from the output of the sawtooth signal generator FPS 31 is higher than the voltage U _FSSA coming from the output of the first sinusoidal signal generator FSS _A 33, then a positive voltage pulse U _VT1 >0 is formed at the first output of the comparison unit CP 32 (Fig.3 b). This pulse is applied to the base of the first transistor VT1 41 and opens it. At the same time, a pause is formed at the second output of the CP 32 comparator (no voltage). The second transistor VT2 42 is in the closed state.

The ratio of the period of the sawtooth signal to the time of the open state of the corresponding transistor determines the duty cycle of the pulse taken from the collector of the corresponding transistor and applied to the corresponding phase of the three-phase winding 7 of excitation of the exciter.

If the voltage U _FPS coming from the output of the sawtooth signal generator FPS 31 is lower than the voltage U _FCCA coming from the output of the first sinusoidal signal generator FSS _A 33, then a pause is formed at the first output of the comparison unit CP 32 (no voltage) U _VT1 <0 (Fig. .3 b). The first transistor VT1 41 is in the closed state. At the same time, a positive voltage pulse is generated at the second output of the CP 32 comparator. This pulse is applied to the base of the second transistor VT2 42 and opens it.

Thus, when the first transistor VT1 41 is open, the second transistor VT2 42 is closed, and vice versa.

Similarly, in the comparison unit CP 32, the voltage U _FPS coming from the output of the sawtooth signal shaper FPS 31 is compared with the voltages U _FSV and U _FSSS coming from the outputs of the second FSS _B 34 and third FSS _C 35 of the sinusoidal signal shapers, respectively (Fig. 2 , 3). As a result of this comparison, positive pulses and pauses are generated to control the opening and closing of the third VT3 43, fourth VT4 44, fifth VT5 45 and sixth VT6 46 transistors. In this case, when the third transistor VT3 43 is open, the fourth transistor VT4 44 is closed, and vice versa; when the fifth transistor VT5 45 is open, the sixth transistor VT6 46 is closed, and vice versa (Fig. 3 b).

At the moment when the first transistor VT1 41 is open and the second transistor VT2 42 is closed, point A'' is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 39 and the positive terminal of the DC voltage source. At the moment when the first transistor VT1 41 is closed and the second transistor VT42 42 is open, point A'' is connected to the negative terminal of the second capacitor C2 40 and to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source.

The first C1 39 and the second C2 40 capacitors (FIG. 2) form a voltage divider. On the negative terminal of the capacitor C1 39 and the positive terminal of the capacitor C2 40, connected to each other and connected to point O'' in the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, the voltage is equal to half the supply voltage U _PIT , which makes it possible to obtain in each of the phases of the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter pulses with amplitude U _PIT /2 positive (+U _PIT /2) and negative (-U _PIT /2) voltage relative to the potential of point O'' when operating from a power source with voltage U _PIT (Fig. 3 d).

When generating signals in accordance with the above description, the line voltage between points A'' and B'' (Fig. 2, 3) has the form shown in Fig. 3 c. Line voltages between points B'' and C'', A'' and C'' have a similar form (Fig. 2, 3).

The phase voltage of phase A'' of the controlled inverter is shown in Fig.3 e. In Fig.3 e it can be seen that the phase current in phase A'' has a form close to sinusoidal.

When the value of the output voltage in phase A of the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator decreases below a predetermined level, the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal generated at the output of the first generator of the sinusoidal signal FSS _A 33 also decreases (in accordance with the algorithms of the voltage regulation process). At the same time, the CP 32 comparison unit compares the value of a sawn -shaped signal at each time with the value of the positive half -wave of the sinusoidal signal formed by the first former of the Sinusoidal signal of the FSS _A 33, while reducing the wells of pulses that control the operation of the first transistor VT1 41, which is determined by the formula:

where T is the pulse repetition period, τ is the pulse duration.

At the same time, the CP 32 comparison unit compares the value of a sawn -shaped signal at each time with the value of the negative half -wave of the sinusoidal signal formed by the first former of the Sinusoidal signal of the FSS _A 33, while increasing the wells of pulses that control the operation of the second transistor VT2 42.

As a result, the average value of the positive potential at point A'' (Fig. 2) increases, the phase current in phase A'' of the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter increases.

Similarly, the magnitude of the voltage in phases B and C of the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator is measured and the duty cycle of the pulses that control the operation of the third VT3 43 and fourth VT4 44 transistors that regulate the potential of point B'', and therefore the amplitude of the phase voltage and current of phase B three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter, and the fifth VT5 45 and sixth VT6 46 transistors that regulate the potential of the point C'', and therefore the amplitude of the phase voltage and current of the phase C'' of the three-phase winding 7 of the excitation of the exciter.

With an increase in phase currents in the three-phase excitation winding 7 of the exciter, the magnetic flux created by this winding increases. As a result, the magnitude of the EMF generated in the three-phase winding 8 of the exciter armature increases when the rotor of the wind generator rotates. This increases the amount of current in the three-phase winding 29 excitation of the main generator. As a result, the magnetic flux generated by this winding increases, which causes an increase in the value of the EMF created in the three-phase winding 27 of the armature of the main generator when the rotor of the wind generator rotates. Thus, the amplitude value of the output voltage increases to the specified value.

With an increase in the value of the output voltage in the phases of the three-phase armature winding 27 of the main generator above a predetermined level, the regulation process is carried out similarly by increasing the duty cycle of the pulses that control the operation of the first VT1 41, the third VT3 43 and the fifth VT5 45 transistors, and reducing the duty cycle of the pulses that control the operation of the second VT2 42, fourth VT4 44 and sixth VT6 46 transistors.

Thus, the combination of the presented features makes it possible to expand the scope of the asynchronized synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator by improving its operational and technical characteristics, namely: by improving the quality of the generated AC electricity by minimizing the deviation of the generator output voltage from the specified frequency and amplitude when changing the speed of the oncoming air flow, increasing the reliability of the wind generator by reducing the likelihood of overheating of the windings of the exciter and the main generator by facilitating the thermal operation of the elements of the wind generator.

Claims (6)

1. Asynchronized synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator containing a fixed platform rigidly fixed to the holding rod, front and rear bearing assemblies, an internal stator with a fixed axis pressed into a hole made in the center of the fixed platform, and an outer rotor containing a hub with blades fixed on its outer surface, in front of which a fairing is installed, while the wind generator is made two-stage and contains an exciter and a main generator, the elements of the magnetic system of which are fixed on the inner stator and outer rotor, characterized in that the fairing is made with internal and external input vents, and the outer rotor hub contains a front disk with internal and external vents and a rear disk with internal and external outlet vents, while the outer rotor hub is rotatably mounted on a stationary axles of the inner stator through the front and rear bearing assemblies, the inner rings of which are installed with an interference fit on the fixed axis of the inner stator, the outer ring of the front bearing assembly is placed in the mounting hole in the central part of the front disk, and the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly is laid in the mounting hole in the central part of the rear disk, while the exciter consists of an axial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, in the grooves of which a three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is laid, mounted on the middle disk of the internal stator rigidly fixed on the fixed axis of the inner stator with ventilation holes located around the circumference centered on the axis of symmetry of the fixed axis of the inner stator , and the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature, in the grooves of which, from the side of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter inductor, a three-phase winding of the exciter armature is laid, rigidly fixed on the front disk between its inside and external ventilation holes, and the main generator consists of a cylindrical magnetic core of the main generator inductor rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the outer rotor hub, in the grooves of which the three-phase excitation winding of the main generator is laid, connected to the three-phase winding of the exciter armature with the phase sequence reversed with respect to it , and a cylindrical magnetic circuit of the armature of the main generator, in the grooves of which a three-phase winding of the armature of the main generator is laid, rigidly fixed on the fixed axis of the inner stator by means of a thin-walled cylinder with an inner disk having through-flow ventilation holes located around a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the fixed axis of the inner stator, at the same time, a controlled inverter is fixed on the inner surface of the thin-walled cylinder with an inner disk in close proximity to the through-hole ventilation holes, the input of which is connected to the beginnings of the phases m three-phase winding of the armature of the main generator, and the output - to the beginning of the phases of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter, while the centers of the external output ventilation holes of the rear disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor opposite the middle of the air gap between the cylindrical magnetic circuits of the inductor and the armature of the main generator, the centers The internal ventilation holes of the front disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, the diameter of which is less than the inner diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the value of the diameter of the internal ventilation holes, the centers of the external ventilation holes of the front disk are located in a circle centered on the axis of symmetry of the outer rotor, diameter which is larger than the outer diameter of the axial magnetic circuit of the exciter armature by the value of the diameter of the external ventilation holes, while the internal inlet ventilation holes of the fairing are located opposite in the internal front disc vents, the fairing's outer inlet vents are positioned opposite the outer front disc vents. 2. Asynchronized synchronous axial-radial AC wind generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled inverter contains: - PWM controller, consisting of a comparison unit having the first, second, third and fourth inputs and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs, a sawtooth signal shaper, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, and the first, second and the third sinusoidal signal generators, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth inputs of the comparison unit, - the first, second and third voltage sensors, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the beginnings of phases A, B and C of the three-phase armature winding of the main generator, and the outputs - to the inputs of the first, second and third generators of the sinusoidal signal of the PWM controller, respectively; - first and second capacitors having positive and negative terminals, wherein the positive terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, the negative terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, and the negative terminal of the first capacitor and the positive terminal of the second capacitor are connected between yourself; - the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth transistors, each of which is connected to a protective diode that conducts current in the direction from the emitter to the collector of the transistor to which it is connected, while the base of the first transistor is connected to the first output of the PWM comparison unit - controller, the base of the second transistor is connected to the second output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the third transistor is connected to the third output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the fourth output of the PWM controller comparison unit, the base of the fifth transistor is connected to the fifth output of the comparison unit PWM controller, the base of the sixth transistor is connected to the sixth output of the PWM controller comparison unit, while the collectors of the first, third and fifth transistors are connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source, and the emitters of the second, fourth and sixth transistors are connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source, while the emitter of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor have a common point to which the beginning of phase A'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the third transistor and the collector of the fourth transistor have a common point to which the beginning of phase B'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, the emitter of the fifth transistor and the collector of the sixth transistor has a common point to which the beginning of phase C'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter is connected, and the ends of the phases A'', B'' and C'' of the three-phase excitation winding of the exciter are interconnected, with the negative terminal of the first capacitor and the positive terminal second capacitor.

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