RU2785795C2 - Method for production of mosaic of enamel granulation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: art enameling.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of art enameling, in particular to a technology of creation of a mosaic product, using enamel elements; it can be used in the field of manufacture of jewelry and art products and souvenirs. The method includes tight stacking on a solid base of spherical enamel granulation of the same or different diameter in the range of 0.4-5 mm, made of pieces of crushed hot enamels getting a spherical shape during firing in a muffle surface or using a gas burner, which, by a direct picking method, are tightly stacked on a layer of binding substance applied to the solid base with deepening of each element to a depth equal to ½ of its diameter. Spherical elements of the same diameter are stacked in the form of a flat tight package, and spherical elements of a different diameter are stacked in the form of a square package, close to the flat tight package, in a certain order or randomly.

EFFECT: formation of a mosaic product of enamel granulation of a spherical shape, obtained from pieces of hot enamels.

2 cl, 12 dwg, 10 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of artistic enameling, more specifically to the technology of creating mosaic images using enamel elements.

Known methods for creating mosaic images using elements made from natural materials (gems, glass, smalt, ceramics, and others), fixed with a binder on a solid base. For example, in the manufacture of Florentine mosaics, black marble is usually used as a base, so the background of almost all products made using this technique is black. In the manufacture of Roman and Venetian mosaics, metal is used as the basis. Micromosaic elements can be different in shape and size, docked with different degrees of density. Fig. 1 - Types of Italian micromosaic, a - Florentine micromosaic, b - Roman micromosaic, c - Venetian micromosaic.

A mosaic product is known containing mosaic elements fixed on a base, in which the mosaic elements are made in the form of metal plates coated with vitreous material, in particular enamel (RF patent 2213667 C1, class B44C 1/28 B44C 3/12, 2003). Fig. 2 – Micromosaic by A. Manjos. This technique of making a mosaic product allows you to create color-expressive works of art. However, the technique is laborious, which is associated with the need to perform the following operations: careful preparation of a large number of metal plates for subsequent enameling; preparation of enamel compositions, application and firing of enamel coating.

A mosaic product is known, made on a rigid or flexible basis and containing stone-like decorative elements of a spherical shape (1), laid according to the law of a flat close-packed structure and fixed by means of a binder with the addition of reinforcing elements to the base of the product (RF patent 2383445C2, class B44C 1/28 , 2010). Fig. 3 – Flat close-packed structure of spherical elements. This technique provides great artistic opportunities, as the wide range of materials offered for the manufacture of decorative elements improves the quality of the color rendering of the mosaic panel.

According to the problem to be solved, this method is the closest and is taken as a prototype.

However, this method implies a complex sequence of stacking elements by the reverse set method, in which decorative elements (1) are laid on a flat substrate (2) with a binder (3) according to the law of a flat close-packed structure in a mirror order with respect to the table plane. A layer of a binder (4) of a certain thickness is applied to the decorative elements (Fig. 4a), after hardening of which the mosaic panel is polished to remove the substrate (2) to a depth of HI or with a binder (3) to a depth of H2 of no more than half the average grain diameter (Fig. 4b). Or the binder (3) is dissolved so that the front surface of the mosaic panel is the protruding spherical parts of the mosaic elements (1).

This method implies the use of spherical elements of the same or similar diameter in one product, laid out according to the law of a flat close-packed structure, which limits the expressive means of mosaic. Also laying out in a mirror order introduces additional difficulties. In addition, the method consists in forming a mosaic image using the following materials: glass and ceramics, wood, any metals and alloys, natural and synthetic minerals and stones, natural organogenic formations, polymers and plastics. The manufacture of spherical elements of a given size from these materials presents certain technical difficulties. In addition, the method involves grinding or etching the substrate together with the binder (3), which is rather laborious and costly.

The purpose of the invention is the formation of mosaic images laid out by the direct set method in the form of a flat dense package, close to a flat dense package, a square package, in a certain order or randomly, using decorative elements of a spherical shape (enamel grain) with a diameter of 0.4-5 mm, obtained from hot enamel and fixed on a rigid basis by means of a binder.

This goal is achieved as follows: by analogy with the prototype, spherical elements (enamel granules) with a diameter of up to 5 mm are tightly laid out on a prepared surface and fixed with a binder. But unlike the prototype, decorative spherical elements (enamel grain) are made from pieces of crushed hot enamel (Fig. 5, a - Lump enamel DKZ No. 34 opaque / yellow, b - Crushed enamel, c - Enamel grain obtained in a muffle furnace) and lay out on the basis by the method of direct set in the form of a flat dense packing, close to a flat dense packing, square packing, in a certain order or randomly.

Thus, the claimed method differs from the prototype in that:

- as decorative elements of a spherical shape, enamel grains are used, obtained from pieces of hot enamels and acquiring a spherical shape during firing in a muffle furnace or using a gas burner;

- for laying out one mosaic product, enamel grains of both the same and different diameters are used in the range of 0.4-5 mm;

- for laying out a mosaic image, the direct set method is used, while the enamel grain is laid out in the form of a flat dense package, close to a flat dense package, a square package, in a certain order or randomly.

These differences confirm the novelty of the proposed method.

A mosaic image is formed from a spherical enamel grain obtained from pieces of hot enamels, and not from glass, ceramics, wood, metals and alloys, natural and artificial minerals and stones, polymers and plastics.

To form a mosaic image, spherical enamel grains of the same or different diameters in the range of 0.4-5 mm are used, laid out by the direct set method in the form of a flat dense package, close to a flat dense package, a square package, in a certain order or randomly, and not the same elements laid out by the inverse set method according to the law of a flat close-packed structure.

Any solid material is used as a basis for a mosaic: metals and alloys, wood, polymers, glass, etc.

Before performing mosaic work, the enamel grain must be divided into fractions in accordance with the diameter. To do this, use a set of sieves with cells of different sizes in the range of 0.45-5.05 mm.

The binder used to fix the enamel grain must have a high viscosity, a low cure rate, and can be tinted depending on the artistic intent.

The method is implemented as follows.

A colorless or tinted layer of binder with high viscosity and low curing speed is applied to the previously prepared hard surface. A spherical enamel granule of the same or different diameters in the range of 0.4-5 mm, made from pieces of hot enamel in the form of a flat dense package close to a flat dense package, a square package, in a certain order or randomly. Each element is sunk to a depth equal to 1/2 of its diameter. After the binder layer has hardened, the resulting mosaic image is, if necessary, partially sanded from above and/or coated with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

When making a mosaic, the following options are possible.

1. Laying out spherical elements of the same diameter in the form of a flat dense packing (Fig. 6).

2. Laying out spherical elements of different diameters in an order close to flat dense packing (Fig. 7).

3. Laying out spherical elements of the same diameter d in the form of a square package, followed by filling the resulting voids with enamel balls with a diameter of d/2.5 (Fig. 8).

4. Laying out spherical elements of different diameters in a certain order. The diameter of the balls varies between 0.5-5 mm (Fig. 9).

5. Laying out spherical elements of different diameters in random order (chaotically). The diameter of the balls varies between 0.5-5 mm (Fig. 10).

EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE

1. A spherical enamel grain 3 mm in diameter is placed on a pre-prepared solid base with a layer of binder applied in the form of a flat dense package (Fig. 11, No. 1). The depth of recessing the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm.

2. A spherical enamel grain of 2.5 is laid out on a pre-prepared solid base with a layer of binder applied; 3 and 3.2 mm in order close to flat dense packing (Fig. 11, no. 2). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm.

3. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 5 mm is laid out on a previously prepared solid base with a layer of binder in the form of a square package, followed by filling the resulting voids with balls of enamel grain with a diameter of 2 mm (Fig. 11, No. 3). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

4. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 1.5 and 4 mm is laid out on a pre-prepared solid base with a layer of binder applied in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 4). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

5. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 1.4; 2.2 and 2.9 mm in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 5). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

6. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.9; 1.2; 1.4 and 5 mm in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 6). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Next, the mosaic is covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

7. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 0.5; one; 3.2 and 5 mm in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 7). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

8. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 1.2; 2.4 and 5 mm in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 8). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Next, the mosaic is covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

9. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 0.5; 0.6; 1.1 and 5 mm in a certain order (Fig. 11, No. 9). The depth of recessing of each of the balls is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then the mosaic is covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

10. A spherical enamel grain with a diameter of 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9; one; 1.1; 1.2; 1.4; 1.5; 1.7; 1.8; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; 2.6; 2.9; 3.3; 4.2 and 4.5 mm in random order (Fig. 11, No. 10). The depth of recessing of each ball is 1/2 of its diameter. Further, the mosaic remains embossed or it is ground down to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm. Then covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

The artistic embodiment of the proposed method - Fig. 12.

Claims (2)

1. A method for producing a mosaic product, which includes densely laying spherical decorative elements on a solid base and fixing them with a high-viscosity binder, characterized in that spherical enamel grains of the same or different diameters in the range of 0.4- 5 mm, made from pieces of crushed hot enamels, acquiring a spherical shape during firing in a muffle furnace or using a gas burner, which are densely laid out by direct set method on a layer of binder applied to a solid base, with each element sunk to a depth equal to 1 /2 of its diameter, moreover, spherical elements of the same diameter are laid out in the form of a flat dense packing, and spherical elements of different diameters are laid out in a form close to a flat dense packing, square packing, in a certain order or randomly. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the binder has hardened, the mosaic is partially sanded from above to a residual height of at least 0.1 mm and / or covered with a layer of transparent cold two-component or light-cured enamel.

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