RU2784994C1 - Pneumatic harness - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical equipment, namely to a pneumatic harness. The harness contains a detachable cuff, braid, an element for braid length fixation and adjustment, fixed on the braid itself, a manual supercharger, and a gauge. The cuff contains of a shell and a pneumatic chamber evenly located inside the shell. The shell is made in the form of part of a sleeve. Braid is fixed on a shell surface. The shell has a loop at one of ends from an outer side.

EFFECT: provision of a possibility of application of a harness with one hand, absence of soft tissue injuries, possibility of dosed air supply, when creating pressure, as well as its visual control in a pneumatic chamber, possibility of operation in the absence of an electrical network or autonomous power supply sources.

12 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Pneumatic tourniquet refers to medical equipment and can be used to compress damaged main blood vessels in order to temporarily stop bleeding, namely, when providing pre-hospital care to the wounded. In addition, the presented pneumatic tourniquet can be used as a medical simulator for teaching and practicing the skills of applying a tourniquet both in self-administration of first aid and to another person.

Known utility model RU 134419 "Hemostatic electronic-pneumatic tourniquet", A61V 17/12, containing a cuff with a pneumatic chamber, an air compressor and a pressure sensor. The cuff has a conical shape. The cuff width is at least 8 cm, and the electronic-pneumatic unit contains an air compressor and a pressure sensor, a microcontroller, a pneumatic valve, a liquid crystal indicator, an accumulator, a pneumatic splitter and an acoustic alarm. The electronic-pneumatic unit also includes three buttons: a power button, a pressure selection and start button for the upper limb, and a pressure selection and start button for the lower limb.

The disadvantage of the above technical solution is the mandatory presence of a charged battery or power supply to charge it. Another disadvantage is the difficult application and fixation of the cuff with one hand during self-assistance, since the edges of the cuff are not previously connected to each other and for imposition it is necessary to hold one edge of the cuff, pull it up to it and fix the second edge.

Known invention RU 30566 U1 "Pneumatic harness", A61B 19/12 consists of an elastic cuff (about 5 cm wide, 75-80 cm long) located inside the cover. The cuff is connected by means of a flexible rubber conductor, hollow inside (0.5 cm in diameter, 45-50 cm long) with a pneumatic cylinder, on which a pressure relief valve is rigidly located. A clear fixation of the edges of the cuff is ensured by the presence of a Velcro textile fastener on the surface of the cover. The cover is made of durable fabric with slightly more elastic cuffs. After fixing the tourniquet on the limb (forearm), air is smoothly injected into the elastic chamber with a balloon to the required pressure.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to control the pressure due to the lack of a pressure gauge. The next disadvantage is, just like the utility model RU 134419 "Hemostatic electronic-pneumatic tourniquet", А61В 17/12, difficult application and fixation of the cuff with one hand during self-assistance, since the edges of the cuff are not previously connected to each other and for imposing, it is necessary to hold one edge of the cuff, pull it up to it and fix the second edge. Another disadvantage is the relatively unreliable fixation of the harness due to the use of a Velcro textile fastener, since with repeated use this type of fastener is subject to rapid wear and, as a result, a decrease in holding force.

Known is the invention SU 1745216 A1 "Hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet", A61B 17/12, containing hooks for fastening on the patient's clothing, located at the ends of the cover, inside which there is an elastic chamber. A pneumatic cylinder with a pressure relief valve is rigidly fixed to the chamber. On the outer surface of the cover there is a textile fastener. The pressure relief valve is made as a push-button and contains buttons, a rod with a seat and a spring. The balloon surface may be marked with an approximate amount of pressure on the balloon required to pressurize the chamber to occlude the blood vessels. The hooks can be made of steel wire with a diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm. The tourniquet is superimposed over the clothes, with one hook it is fixed to the clothes, after which the tourniquet is wound round after round. The free end is also fixed on the clothes with a second hook. A clear fixation of the tours is ensured by the presence of a textile fastener on the surface of the cover.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is also the inability to control the pressure due to the lack of a pressure gauge. The next disadvantage is the difficult application and fixation of the tourniquet with one hand during self-assistance, since after fixing one end with a hook, when winding the tourniquet, it is necessary to release the second end of the tourniquet and shift the working hand over the injured one, which leads to a weakening of the tourniquet tension after each turn. Another disadvantage is the need to fasten steel wire hooks to clothing, since there is a possibility of injury to the soft tissues of the limb through clothing, and it is also difficult to apply a tourniquet in the absence of clothing on the limb.

Known is the invention US 2660174 A "Pneumatic tourniquet" (Pneumatic harness), containing a pumping means 2, a control valve 3 and a tubular element cuff 4, which consists of the main part 5 of the cuff and part 7 of the belt, and also at one end the main part 5 has buckle 10. The disadvantage of this solution is the absence of elements that restrain without control expansion of the main part 5 of the cuff, as well as requiring the use of an additional gasket between the skin and the main part of the cuff 5. The use of this product directly on the limb without additional gasket will lead to soft tissue injury. The known solution has a complex structure, in particular in the junction of the monometer and the blower with the pneumatic chamber.

The closest analogue can be considered a patent for invention RU 2677458 C1 "HEAT STOP CUFF AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE" including a cuff in the form of a toroid, interrupted at the transverse edges and annular on the outside, relative to the radial direction. The cuff consists of an inflatable body 2 in the form of a stretchable wall 4 fixed on an elongated carrier 3 between which an air chamber 1 is formed. - in the form of a ring, and the stretchable wall 4 is bent. On the elongated carrier 3, on the outer side, a fastening tape 17 is reinforced by a buckle 16. In this case, the buckle 16 can be replaced by the implementation of the fastening tape in the form of a Velcro tape.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the cuff is a pneumatic chamber, and the use of this product directly on the limb without additional padding will lead to soft tissue injury. The disadvantage is also the shape of the cuff in the form of a toroid, interrupted at the transverse edges and annular on the outside, which complicates its installation on the limb, it will have to be threaded from the end of the limb and led behind the wound, while pushing the edges apart. This will lead to a lengthening of the installation time, additional contact with the wound, difficulty in installation with one hand, respectively, inconvenience of use, and soft tissue injury.

The technical problem for solving the above disadvantages is the development of a pneumatic tourniquet to temporarily stop bleeding from large blood vessels of the extremities, the design of which will provide ease of use and, accordingly, reduce the time of its application, the absence of injuries to the soft tissues of the limb during application, such as cuts and pinches, the possibility of independent provision first aid with one hand, clearly dose the pressure exerted by reading the pressure gauge, use in conditions where there is no access to the mains or autonomous power sources.

The essence of the invention

The problem is solved by the fact that the design of the pneumatic harness provides for the preliminary connection of both ends of the cuff of Fig. 1, which allows the tourniquet to be applied with one hand during self-administration of first aid without the need to wind the tourniquet around the limb, but also, if necessary, the design allows you to separate the ends of the cuff before putting it on the limb and then reconnect them. The design also provides for the presence of a pressure gauge (not shown in the figure) to enable visual control of the injected excess pressure. In order to avoid the possibility of injury such as cuts and pinching of soft tissues when applying a tourniquet, the design eliminates the presence of metal hooks for attaching to clothing or connecting the ends of the cuff.

The design of the pneumatic tourniquet consists of a cuff including the sheath (1) of Fig. 1 with a braid (2) of FIG. 1, pneumatic chambers (4) of FIG. 1, an element for fixing and adjusting the length of the braid (3) of FIG. 1, as well as a manual supercharger and pressure gauge (not shown in the figure). The pneumatic chamber (4) is located inside the cuff.

Shell (1) of Fig. 1, made in the form of a part of a sleeve and can, for example, be made from a woven textile or non-woven strip(s) of material, for example, folded in half and joined at three edges by a seam, or from two strips folded together and connected at four edges. In a particular case, the shell (1) can be made in one piece like a hose and connected only along two end edges or top and bottom. Also, the shell (1) has an opening, for example, located on the side in the region of the seam for the outlet of the fitting (4.1) of Fig. 1 pneumatic chambers (4) fig. 1. Shell (1) of FIG. 1 performs a power function, namely it holds the pneumatic chamber (4) of FIG. 1, preventing its uncontrolled bursting in the process of forcing air into it. In a particular case of execution on the outer side of the shell (1) of Fig. 1, loops of the same material as the sheath for attaching and holding the webbing (3) of FIG. one.

The technical result, from a cuff made in the form of a sleeve and including a shell and a pneumatic chamber located evenly inside the shell, is the prevention of uncontrolled bursting of the pneumatic chamber in the process of forcing air into it, which ensures the absence of soft tissue injuries, the possibility of metered air supply when pressure is created.

As connecting seams (5) within the framework of the claimed solution, manual, machine seam, welded, adhesive can be used.

On the outer side of the shell (1) of Fig. 1 the braid (2) of FIG. 1, made, for example, in the form of a woven or non-woven tape. The braid is fixed to the surface of the sheath, for example by a machine seam, in such a way that at least one end (2.1) remains free and is at least as long as the sheath (1) itself. A loop (1.1) is fixed at one of the ends of the sheath (1) for preliminary connection of the ends of the sheath by threading the free end of the braid through the loop (1.1). In a particular case, the braid can be attached to the sheath (1) of FIG. 1 according to the principle of a trouser belt, that is, it is passed through loops fixed on the outer side of the shell.

The technical result, from the fact that the braid is fixed on the surface of the shell, is the retention of the braid on the shell, which leads to the possibility of applying the tourniquet with one hand. The technical result, from the loop made at one end of the cuff, is the fastening and retention of the braid on the shell, to the preliminary connection of the ends of the shell, which leads to the possibility of applying the tourniquet with one hand.

Pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 (shown in a thin dotted line in the figure, except for a local cut) is made of an elastic material that is capable of undergoing repeated stretching without destroying its structure, as well as restoring its original shape and dimensions after stretching stops. Pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 may have a one-piece construction or consist of several chambers connected in series with each other. Pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 is located evenly in the cavity of the shell (1) of FIG. 1. To connect the supercharger, a fitting (4.1) fig. 1, which is brought out through an opening in the shell (1) of FIG. 1. Fitting (4.1) fig. 1 may have a collar and/or thread for connecting a supercharger.

In a particular case of execution for fastening and fixing the ends of the shell (1) of Fig. 1, the design provides for an element for fixing and adjusting the length of the braid (3), made in the form of a buckle or a contact tape (Velcro). For the purpose of this decision, a buckle should be understood to mean all types of buckles, such as carabiner, flat buckle with hook, buckle with tongue, pin, tooth(s), etc. The figures show a variant of the element for fixing and adjusting the length of the braid (3), in the form of a three-slot buckle of Fig. 1. The buckle is installed as follows: one end of the braid (2) of FIG. 1 is passed around the bottom bar of the buckle (3) and sewn back to the braid, forming a loop. The second end of the braid (2) of FIG. 1 is passed around the top bar and tucked under the locking tab (3.1) back along the webbing (2) of fig. 1. The locking tab is provided with serrations to ensure a better fixation of the webbing. The use of a three-slot buckle is preferable, since it is able to automatically fix the braid after tightening it to the required length. The tightening of the braid occurs due to the movement of the free end of the braid from the buckle. Fixation of the braid is provided automatically after tightening the braid. Fixation occurs due to the pressing force (friction) of the parts of the braid adjacent to each other and pressed by the locking tongue. Removal from the fixation of the band is provided by lifting the locking tab up. These design features of the three-slot buckle also allow you to work with a pneumatic tourniquet with one hand.

The technical result, from the mechanism for fixing and adjusting the braid fixed on the braid itself, is the tightening of the braid and fastening and fixing the ends of the cuff, and enabling the tourniquet to be applied with one hand.

To create pressure in the pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 uses a manual or electric blower connected to a compressor or compressed air cylinder, which can be controlled by an electronic control unit.

To enable visual control of the pressure in the pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 harness is equipped with a pressure gauge.

In a particular case of execution, the design of the pneumatic tourniquet makes it possible to use it not only as an independent product, but also to use it in the design of protective overalls with an autonomous bleeding control system.

In addition, the presented pneumatic tourniquet can be used as a medical simulator for teaching and practicing the skills of applying a tourniquet both in self-administration of first aid and to another person.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to ensure the possibility of applying a tourniquet with one hand, the absence of soft tissue injuries, the possibility of metered air supply when pressure is created, as well as its visual control in the pneumatic chamber, the possibility of operation in the absence of an electrical network or autonomous power sources.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a pneumatic harness.

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - shell;

1.1 - loop;

2 - braid;

2.1 - free end;

3 - an element of fixation and regulation of the length of the braid;

3.1 - locking tongue;

4 - pneumatic chamber;

4.1 - fitting;

5 - connecting seam.

Implementation of the stated solution:

Before applying the pneumatic tourniquet must be prepared. In the pneumatic chamber (4) of Fig. 1 should not be overpressure, the hand blower and pressure gauge should be hermetically connected to the pneumatic chamber (4) of fig. 1, the braid (2) must first be threaded through the buckle (3) of FIG. one.

The ends of the shell are preliminarily connected with a loop (1.1), pulling the free end of the braid through it. The user puts on a pneumatic tourniquet through the limb, positioning it above the wound as close as possible to it, with the blower and pressure gauge up. Next, the user tightens the braid (2) and, accordingly, the entire bundle. After tightening, the braid (2) is automatically fixed, for example, with a three-slit buckle (3) or a carabiner buckle, a flat buckle with a hook, a buckle with a tongue, a peg, a tooth(s). Next, the user gradually creates excess pressure in the pneumochamber, for example, holding the supercharger bottle in his hand and making reciprocating squeezing movements with his hand, until the bleeding from the wound stops or with the help of a compressor or compressed air bottle. Next, the user fixes the time of application of the tourniquet, makes a well-read mark and fixes it on the tourniquet. If it is not possible to put the tourniquet over the limb, the user separates the ends of the braid, for example, lifts the locking tab (3.1) and pulls the braid (2) out of the buckle (3), then wraps the cuff of Fig. 1 around the limb, again passes the braid (2) through the buckle (3), tightens the tourniquet and then pressurizes the pneumatic chamber (4) of FIG. 1 in the manner described above. To loosen or completely remove the tourniquet, it is also necessary to lift the locking tab (3.1) and, holding it in a raised position, stretch the tourniquet, while the braid (2) will freely slip through the buckle (3), thereby increasing the length of the tourniquet.

Claims (12)

1. Pneumatic tourniquet containing a detachable cuff, a braid, an element for fixing and adjusting the length of the braid, fixed on the braid itself, a manual supercharger and a pressure gauge, characterized in that the cuff consists of a shell and a pneumatic chamber located evenly inside the shell, the shell is made in the form of a part of the sleeve , the braid is fixed on the surface of the shell, the shell has at least one loop on one of the ends on the outside. 2. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell is made of a strip of material folded in half and connected at three edges. 3. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell is made of two strips folded together and connected at four edges. 4. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath is made in the form of a hose and is connected only at two end edges or upper and lower. 5. Pneumatic harness according to paragraphs. 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the connection of the edges of the shell is made by machine or manual seam. 6. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the braid is fixed on the shell with a machine or manual seam. 7. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that loops are fixed on the outer side of the shell to hold the braid. 8. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that a buckle is used as a braid retainer. 9. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that a contact tape is used as a braid retainer. 10. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the sheath are pre-connected to each other with a braid, the free end of which is passed through a loop. 11. Pneumatic harness according to paragraphs. 1, 10, characterized in that it is designed as a medical simulator for teaching and practicing the skills of applying a tourniquet both in self-administration of first aid and to another person. 12. Pneumatic harness according to claim 1, characterized in that Velcro tape is used as a braid retainer.

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