RU2784513C1 - Flight simulation training apparatus with virtual visualisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: training.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to flight simulation training apparatus used for training and monitoring the professional skills of the members of flight crews of aircraft. Flight simulation training apparatus with virtual visualisation consists of a closed full-scale replica of the flight crew cabin of the aircraft, including all elements. The trainee receives the full range of tactile sensations from interacting with the controls and fittings of the replica of the aircraft cabin during the training on the apparatus, seeing the visualisation of their actions, the in-cabin and external environment in the virtual space, including the exact position of the limbs as a result of data transmission via the positioning system to a computer, data processing in the computer, and further data transmission for imaging on virtual reality helmet monitors. The data received from the positioning system herein is combined in the computer with the data from the controllers of the simulators of the functional replica of the flight crew cabin received by the computer via the interface and data exchange equipment. The conditions of training herein are entered, and the situational model is changed, from the workplace of the instructor.

EFFECT: possibility of training the members of flight crews of aircraft.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Section 1. The technical field to which the invention belongs.

The invention relates to flight simulation training devices used to train and control the professional skills of aircraft flight crew members.

Section 2. State of the art.

Similar training devices for simulating flight using virtual visualization are known: patent RU 2191432 C1 dated 07/03/2001 for the invention "Virtual aircraft simulator" and RU 2361281 C2 dated 09/04/2006 for the invention "Personal virtual pilot simulator".

The closest to the proposed invention is the "Personal virtual simulator of the pilot" patent RU 2361281 C2 dated 09/04/2006, chosen by the authors as a prototype, containing the pilot's workplace in the cockpit of a real aircraft, aircraft controls RUS (aircraft control stick), RUD (control levers engine) and pedals, a personal computer (laptop), a pilot's protective helmet with virtual glasses and a positioning unit, characterized in that on the deviating surfaces of the ailerons, elevator and direction of the aircraft, easily removable magnetic suction cup sensors for roll, pitch and heading angles are installed, and in the aircraft cockpit is equipped with a throttle sensor, the output of which is connected through an adapter to the input of a laptop, and the output of the latter is connected to virtual glasses and a positioning unit located on the pilot's protective helmet, providing virtual piloting of the aircraft on the ground, and after removing the sensors and virtual glasses, real flight in the same aircraft as in the simulator.

Significant disadvantages of the prototype are:

- a real aircraft is involved;

- efforts (loads) on the aircraft controls are not simulated;

- work with the cockpit fittings (gas stations, toggle switches, switches located on the consoles and dashboards in the cockpit) is not simulated in a virtual environment and the tactile interaction of the trainee with them is not practiced and, as a result, it is not possible to perform normal operating procedures, actions in special cases and flight emergencies;

- precisely positioned limbs of the trainee in the virtual environment are not displayed;

- it is impossible to simulate acceleration effects during training;

- it is impossible to use the simulator in isolation from the aircraft.

The purpose of this invention is to eliminate these shortcomings of the prototype and to create a training device for simulating a flight with virtual visualization, which allows the trainee, performing a task in a virtual environment, to receive the full range of visual and tactile sensations from interaction with the controls and fittings of a full-scale exact copy of the aircraft cockpit, observing the visualization of their own actions, cockpit and outside environment in the virtual space.

Section 3. Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The objective of the invention is to train and control the professional skills of aircraft flight crew members on a flight simulation training device with virtual visualization, which allows the trainee, performing a task in a virtual environment, to receive the full range of visual and tactile sensations from interaction with the controls and fittings of a full-scale exact copy of the aircraft cockpit while observing the visualization of their actions, the cockpit and outside environment in the virtual space ..

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the flight simulation training device with virtual visualization consists of a closed full-scale exact copy of the flight crew cabin of an aircraft, including all elements, including: fully functioning aircraft and power plant control levers with force simulation blocks on them , switches and controls for instrumentation, a virtual reality hardware-software complex (HVAC BP) consisting of a virtual reality helmet and a positioning system, computer computers with specialized software, interface and data exchange devices, a cable network and an instructor's workplace, which differs in that that a trainee in the course of simulator training, being in a virtual reality helmet, receives the full range of tactile sensations from interaction with the controls and fittings of a copy of the cockpit of an aircraft, observing the visualization of his actions, the cockpit and outside the cockpit environment ku in virtual space, including the exact position of the limbs as a result of data transmission through the positioning system to the computer, data processing in the computer and further data transmission to form an image on the monitors of the virtual reality helmet, while the data coming from the positioning system are combined in the computer with data from controllers of simulators of a functional copy of the cockpit (aircraft control levers, power plant control levers, switches and instrumentation controls) entering the computer through data interface and exchange devices, while entering the training conditions and changing the situational model is carried out from the instructor’s workplace (RMI).

The technical results of the invention are:

- exclusion of the involvement of a real aircraft in the process of simulator training;

- implementation of imitation of forces (loads) on the aircraft controls, by including the corresponding functional blocks in the functional copy of the aircraft cockpit;

- obtaining by the trainee during the performance of the task in a virtual environment, the whole range of tactile and visual sensations from interaction with real controls, fittings and the control field of the cockpit;

- displaying precisely positioned limbs of the trainee in a virtual environment;

- imitation of acceleration effects during training;

- correct perception of the imitation of the outside environment and assessment of distances by the trainee;

- correct imitation and display of outside elements of the aircraft;

- unlimited view of the trainee when turning the head 360°;

- correct shading and lighting of the cockpit, reflection of light from the elements of the cockpit and outside elements of the aircraft;

- correct imitation of display in mirrors;

- virtual, correct imitation of NVD, ILS, helmet-mounted indication without additional devices;

- virtual indication of instrumentation;

- exclusion from the flight simulation training device of traditional visualization systems;

- reducing the weight and overall dimensions of the flight simulation training device, increasing its mobility.

Section 4. Brief description of drawings, other graphic materials, including a three-dimensional model of the invention in electronic form (if they are contained in the application).

Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a virtual imaging flight simulation training device.

Section 5. Implementation of the invention.

The training device for flight simulation with virtual visualization operates as follows.

A functional copy of the cockpit of the aircraft (4) is equipped with a positioning system from the hardware and software complex of virtual reality (3). The instructor from the instructor's workplace (7), starts the simulator and sets the conditions for the training scenario. Helps the trainee to take a seat in the pilot's seat, put on, fit and adjust the virtual reality helmet (2). After that, the positioning system is calibrated (3).

Calibration results in precise positioning of the limbs of the trainee and his head with a virtual reality helmet on, taking into account the direction of view, at any time, while data on the spatial position of the limbs of the trainee, and his head, taking into account the direction of view, are fed through the positioning system devices to the computer (6).

Simultaneously, during the functional, tactile, interaction of the trainee (1) with the elements of an exact copy of the flight crew cabin of an aircraft, including: fully functioning aircraft and power plant control levers with force simulation blocks on them, switches and instrumentation controls (4 ) data on the position of the aircraft controls and cockpit fittings through the interface and data exchange devices (5) enter computer computers with specialized software (6) where the parameters of the aircraft systems and power plant, flight parameters and mathematical models of the aircraft are changed and calculated ship, its components, systems and assemblies.

At the same time, the data coming from the positioning system are combined in the calculator with the data from the controllers of the elements of an exact copy of the cockpit of the aircraft flight crew (aircraft control levers, power plant control levers, switches and instrumentation controls) that enter the computer through the interface and data exchange devices , a visual image of both the cockpit and outside space is formed and transmitted to the monitors of the virtual reality helmet, including a visualized imitation of the indication of instrumentation.

In this case, when simulating feedback (for example, the movement of engine control levers when the mode of their operation is changed by the autopilot), the corresponding data is transmitted from the calculator back through the interface and data exchange devices to the corresponding controller that controls the corresponding equipment in the functional copy of the cockpit of the aircraft.

Thus, the trainee, visually perceiving the virtual environment and interacting with it, at the same time, tactilely interacts with real objects corresponding to the virtual one, developing motor skills and muscle memory, eliminating the possibility of instilling false skills during training and practicing the whole range of normal operating procedures, actions in special cases and flight emergencies.

The use of a flight simulation simulator with virtual visualization will improve the quality of simulator training and increase the level of flight safety while significantly reducing the cost and operating costs of simulator training, reducing the weight and overall dimensions of training devices. It will allow to implement new training opportunities that are not available on the prototype and flight simulation simulators with traditional visualization systems. It will make it possible to quickly relocate flight simulation training devices in the interests of operators.

Claims (1)

Virtual flight simulation training device consisting of a closed full-scale replica of the flight deck of an aircraft, including all elements, including: fully functioning aircraft and power plant control levers with force simulation blocks on them, switches and instrument controls , hardware-software complex of virtual reality (HSS BP) consisting of a virtual reality helmet and a positioning system, computer computers with specialized software, interface and data exchange devices, a cable network and an instructor's workplace, characterized in that the trainee during simulator training, being in a virtual reality helmet, he receives the whole range of tactile sensations from interaction with the controls and fittings of a copy of the aircraft cockpit, observing the visualization of his actions, the cockpit and outside the cockpit environment in virtual space, including study the exact position of the limbs as a result of data transmission through the positioning system to the computer, data processing in the computer and further data transmission to form an image on the monitors of the virtual reality helmet, while the data coming from the positioning system are combined in the computer with data from the controllers of the functional copy simulators cockpit, namely aircraft control levers, power plant control levers, switches and instrumental equipment controls that enter the calculator through data interface and exchange devices, while inputting training conditions and changing the situational model is carried out from the instructor's workplace (RMI).

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