RU2783008C1 - Combined winch lever "archimedes" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: winch puller includes stop load sustaining flutes with eyelets for attaching the winch cable hook, a pull load sustaining flute with an eyelet for attaching the bumper of a vehicle by a hook, a pin lock, transport handles, and support blades. The puller has a combined lever joint acting as a linking support for the flutes. The support blades are rigidly fixed on the stop load sustaining flute, precede the horizontal, longitudinal, and transverse displacement of the mechanism, and act as a support.

EFFECT: possibility of crossing hard-to-travel terrain.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technical field

Invention: winch puller "Archimedes", refers to the field of transport.

State of the art

Known For: Lever.

- простейший механизм, представляющий собой балку, вращающуюся вокруг точки опоры.

- the simplest mechanism, which is a beam rotating around a fulcrum.

The lever is one of the simplest mechanisms. It is a rigid beam that has the ability to rotate around the fulcrum (suspension). The parts of the beam from the point of support to the point of application of forces are called the arms of the lever. Regarding the fulcrum, the places of application of forces can be on different sides (lever of the first kind) or on the same side (lever of the second kind).

The lever is used to generate more force on the short arm with less force on the long arm (or to get more movement on the long arm with less movement on the short arm). By making the lever arm long enough, theoretically, any effort can be developed.

Two other simple mechanisms are also special cases of the lever: the Differential Gate and the Block.

Man began to use the lever in prehistoric times, intuitively understanding its principle. Tools such as a hoe or a paddle were used to reduce the amount of force a person had to exert. In the fifth millennium BC, Mesopotamia used scales that used the principle of leverage to achieve balance. Later, in Greece, the steelyard was invented, which made it possible to change the arm of the application of force, which made the use of scales more convenient. Around 1500 B.C. in Egypt and India, a shaduf (a well with a “crane”) appears, the progenitor of modern cranes, a device for lifting vessels with water.

It is not known whether the thinkers of those times tried to explain the principle of the lever. The first written explanation was given in the 3rd century BC. Archimedes, linking the concepts of force, load and shoulder. The law of equilibrium formulated by him is still used and sounds like this: “The force multiplied by the force application arm is equal to the load multiplied by the load application arm, where the force application arm is the distance from the point of force application to the support, and the load application arm is the distance from the point of application of the load to the support. According to legend, realizing the significance of his discovery, Archimedes exclaimed: "Give me a fulcrum, and I will turn the Earth!".

In the modern world, the principle of the lever is used everywhere. Almost any mechanism that transforms mechanical movement uses levers in one form or another. Cranes, motors, pliers, scissors, and thousands of other machines and tools use levers in their construction.

There are levers of the 1st kind, in which the fulcrum is located between the points of application of forces, and levers of the 2nd kind, in which the points of application of forces are located on one side of the support. Among levers of the 2nd kind, levers of the 3rd kind are distinguished, with the point of application of the "incoming" force closer to the fulcrum than the load, which gives a gain in speed and distance.

Examples: levers of the first kind - children's swing (crossbar), scissors; levers of the second kind - a wheelbarrow (the fulcrum is a wheel), lifting an object with a crowbar in an upward movement; levers of the third kind - the back door of the trunk or the hood of cars on hydraulic telescopic stops, lifting the body of a dump truck (with a hydraulic cylinder in the center), moving the muscles of the arms and legs of a person and animals. Source: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever

Known for: Winch.

Winch - a mechanism, the traction force of which is transmitted by means of a rope, chain, cable or other flexible element from the drive drum. Author's certificate for the winch was created on March 6, 1989 by Vladimir Viktorovich Rodionov.

The winch drive can be manual (hand winch, capstan), electric (electric winch), internal combustion engine, steam engine. The winch is intended mainly for lifting cargo vertically, but sometimes it is also used to move cargo horizontally (crank, capstan, windlass). A conventional electric winch consists of an electric motor, a gearbox, a drum, a frame, and a brake system. If necessary, some winches are combined with a chain hoist. Depending on the design, winches can be subdivided: according to the type of traction body - into rope and chain; by type of installation - fixed (fixed on the floor, wall, ceiling) and mobile (on trolleys moving along the floor or overhead tracks); by the number of drums - for one-, two- and multi-drum winches; according to the type of drum - into rifled, smooth and friction. Cargo winches are used in cranes and rope shovels.

The automatic towing winch is used on marine tugboats and icebreakers for hauling, hauling, holding and storing the tow line.

Automatic mooring winch - an element of the mooring device. When the load deviates from the established one, such a winch picks up or picks up the cable. When the entire cable is etched, the winch gives a signal.

A car winch is a mechanism fixed on a car and designed to move it by winding a cable, the free end of which is hooked to an immovable object - a well-fixed or much larger mass.

There are three types of car winches:

1. Electric, powered by a car battery.

Mechanical winches are winches powered by a car engine. A special power take-off is connected to the transfer case, from which the winch receives torque. These winches are distinguished by high power, unpretentiousness and reliability, the ability to change the speed of the cable winding by changing the engine speed. The main disadvantage of mechanical winches is that they can only be installed on SUVs, the transfer case of which allows the connection of a power take-off.

1) Hydraulic winches are winches powered by a hydraulic motor, which is usually driven by a power steering pump. Hydraulic automobile winches have a number of significant advantages - high reliability of the hydraulic motor, resistance to overloads (when overloaded, the hydraulic motor does not break, but simply stops), the ability to work under water (the hydraulic motor is sealed). The disadvantages of this winch include a low speed of cable reeling (this parameter can be critical for athletes), the inability to work with the engine turned off, often one power steering pump is not enough to simultaneously operate the winch and power steering.

2) Cargo winch - a machine for lifting or moving goods using a traction rope or chain.

3) Hydraulic pulling machine (cable hydraulic winch) is designed to pull the power cable in trenches or through pipes. It is a machine equipped with a diesel engine, a hydraulic system and impellers (capstans), through which a leader cable is passed.

The engine sets in motion the capstans with a leader cable wound on them, which, in turn, is connected to the cable being laid using special devices (swivel, cable stocking). Capstans, rotating, pull the cable, and behind it the cable from one end of the trench, on which the drum with the cable is located, to the other (where the winch is located). The power range of such winches is quite wide: from small ones with a traction force of 0.5 tons to heavy duty ones with a traction force of up to 400 tons.

2. Stage winch - a mechanism that serves:

1) For tensioning cables

2) For horizontal and vertical movement of decoration elements

3) To drive various stage mechanisms

3. Topenant winch is designed for lifting and lowering cargo booms. Source: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winch

Essence

The technical result solved by the invention is provided by an undeveloped way of overcoming difficult terrain.

To solve this technical problem, the winch puller "Archimedes" is proposed.

Winch puller "Archimedes", including two flutes of the load stop working on the stop with lugs for attaching the hook of the winch cable, a load stop flute working on traction with an eye for attaching to the car bumper hook, a finger lock, carrying handles, a combined lever joint, support blades, rigid fixed on each load stop flute working on the stop.

This mechanism is radically designed to move the stuck car from the “dead” point, provides the ability to place improvised stops under the stuck wheel, such as a log, stone, brick, etc.

The convenience of transporting this mechanism is due to the technical peculiarity of flute disassembly, that is, by removing / installing a finger lock. Which is also convenient for a person, and even more so for a group of people, with the obvious need to apply physical force when moving and installing the mechanism.

The main technical features and advantages of the proposed technical solution are described in the presented preferred embodiment.

The use of such a mechanism, according to the engineering concept of the author, is obvious directly in difficult terrain.

The proposed mechanism increases the efficiency of the car in off-road conditions. It is supposed to save fuel, save the depreciation resource of the vehicle components and assemblies, and consequently, the time of arrival at the destination increases, which is important when conducting search and rescue operations to detect landed astronauts, other people in distress, in need of urgent assistance. The autonomy potential of the car increases in difficult terrain, from dependence on other cars that are able to pull out a stuck car.

The scope of the invention is not limited to the described example, but includes various embodiments in accordance with the general concept. In particular, the use of a combined lever joint, the functional arrangement of support blades, flutes, involving disassembly / assembly of the mechanism and adjustment of the length of the lever arm.

Brief description of the drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings. On FIG. 1-7 shows the general view and the device of the winch puller "Archimedes".

The figure 1 indicates: a car with a front view with the image of the winch puller "Archimedes" mounted to it. Car bumper 8. The car is deliberately depicted with a roll to the left side, as if it were drowned with this side in an imaginary rut, by the reader of the drawing, and the Archimedes winch puller is installed horizontally with respect to the imaginary support and is ready for implementation. In this image, the author does not offer the reader of the drawing other designations for the elements of the figure, as well as the relation to the vehicle support and the cross section of the track in particular, since this will imply inconvenience when reading. The winch cable hook is also not indicated on the figure, for the same reason. Figure 1, due to the image of the car, is directly involved in figures 2 and 3, and is proposed in addition to them, for ease of understanding the mechanism in general terms.

The figure 2 indicates: the car, with a side view, with the image of the winch puller "Archimedes" mounted to it at the start of work. At the same time, the author draws a conditional line of the car’s support, in the form of a longitudinal section of the track, which he does not designate in any way, but offers it as a recognizable shape that imitates the technical level of the car’s immersion depth when stuck in off-road conditions. The winch cable hook is not indicated on the figure, its presence seems to be sufficiently known and is offered to the imagination.

Load stop flute working on stop 1, eyes 3, cable 11, winch 10, load stop flute working on thrust 2, combined lever joint 6.

The figure 3 indicates: the car, with a side view, with the image of the winch puller "Archimedes" mounted to it at the stage of completion. At the same time, the author draws a conditional line of the car’s support, in the form of a longitudinal section of the track, which he does not designate in any way, but offers it as a recognizable shape that imitates the technical level of the car’s immersion depth when stuck in off-road conditions. The winch cable hook is not indicated on the figure, its presence seems to be sufficiently known and is offered to the imagination.

Carry handle 5, car bumper hook 9, support paddles 7.

In the figure 4 it is indicated: the flute of the load-bearing device, working on the stop 1, the handle for transfer 5, the finger lock 4.

The figure 5 shows: load stop flute working on stop 1, weight load flute working on thrust 2, with an imitation drawing section, pin lock 4, combined lever hinge 6.

The figure 6 indicates: the junction of the weight flute, working on the stop 1, with the support blades 7.

In the figure 7 it is indicated: the flute of the load-bearing device, working on the stop 1, the lug 3, the support blades 7.

. В зависимости, от того какая сторона борта автомобиля завязла в колее, и угла установки механизма, с учетом наличия представления о механическом усилии, человек выбирает, использовать левую или правую флейту грузоупора работающую на упор 1 для фиксации ее крюком троса 11 лебедки 10. С помощью пальцевого фиксатора 4 можно регулировать длину флейт, выступающих в механизме рычажными плечами. Опорные лопатки 7 закреплены на флейтах грузоупоров, работающих на упор 1, и призваны осуществить опору от горизонтального, продольного и поперечного смещения указанных флейт. При работе лебедки 10 происходит контролируемое смещение автомобиля вперед-вверх. Рукояти для переноса 5 предназначены для удобства монтажа механизма, а так же текущего перемещения флейт 1 на последующее/очередное удаление, с целью дальнейшего осуществления работы механизма в таких повторяющихся циклах, и так в прогрессии до достижения необходимого результата.When the car gets stuck, the winch puller "Archimedes" is mounted, in the following way: the load stop flute working on the thrust 2, by means of the lug 3, is attached to the hook of the bumper of the car 9, and the two load stop flutes working on the stop 1 are moved apart, in the plane relative to each other, then are to the sides, and at the estimated distance are installed in the ground. The combined lever hinge 6 acts as an intermediate fulcrum, connects the flute of the load stop working on the stop 1 with the flute of the weight stop working on the thrust 2 and must be higher than the fulcrum of the lug 3 of the load stop flute working on the thrust 2 during work. The winch hook is fixed to the eye 3 of one of the load stop flutes operating on stop 1, and the second load stop flute operating on stop 1 acts as a support for transverse fixation, that is, it prevents the structure from falling to the left / right, depending on which flute will be be mounted with a hook of the cable 11 of the winch 10. In the frontal version, the flutes of load blocks working on stop 1, when they are installed for work, depict the symbol

. Depending on which side of the vehicle is stuck in a rut, and the angle of installation of the mechanism, taking into account the presence of an idea of \u200b\u200bmechanical force, a person chooses whether to use the left or right load stop flute working on the stop 1 to fix it with a hook of the cable 11 of the winch 10. Using finger lock 4, you can adjust the length of the flutes protruding in the mechanism with lever arms. The supporting blades 7 are fixed on the flutes of weights, working on the stop 1, and are designed to provide support from the horizontal, longitudinal and transverse displacement of these flutes. During operation of the winch 10, a controlled displacement of the vehicle takes place forward and upward. Transfer handles 5 are designed for ease of installation of the mechanism, as well as the current movement of flutes 1 for subsequent / next removal, in order to further implement the mechanism in such repetitive cycles, and so on in progression until the desired result is achieved.

In the described embodiment of the operation of the mechanism, the application of the proposed invention from the front of the car is considered. The implementation of the same operation of the mechanism from the rear of the car is similar.

Implementation of the invention

The winch puller "Archimedes" works in one mode.

В зависимости, от того какая сторона борта автомобиля завязла в колее, и угла установки механизма, с учетом наличия представления о механическом усилии, человек выбирает, использовать левую или правую флейту грузоупора работающую на упор 1 для фиксации ее крюком троса 11 лебедки 10. С помощью пальцевого фиксатора 4 можно регулировать длину флейт, выступающих в механизме рычажными плечами. Опорные лопатки 7 закреплены на флейтах грузоупоров работающих на упор 1 и призваны осуществить опору от горизонтального, продольного и поперечного смещения указанных флейт. При работе лебедки 10 происходит контролируемое смещение автомобиля вперед-вверх. Рукояти для переноса 5 предназначены для удобства монтажа механизма, а так же текущего перемещения флейт 1 на последующее/очередное удаление, с целью дальнейшего осуществления работы механизма в таких повторяющихся циклах, и так в прогрессии до достижения необходимого результата.When the car gets stuck, the winch puller "Archimedes" is mounted, in the following way: the load stop flute working on traction 2, by means of eyelet 3, is attached to the hook of the bumper of the car 9, and two load stop flutes working on stop 1 are moved apart, in a plane relative to each other , that is, to the sides, and at the estimated distance are installed in the ground. The combined lever hinge 6 acts as an intermediate point of support, connects the load stop flutes working on stop 1 with the load stop flute working on thrust 2, and must be higher than the fulcrum of the lug 3 of the load stop flute working on thrust 2 during work. The winch hook is fixed to the eye 3 of one of the weight flutes working on stop 1, and the second weight flute working on stop 1 acts as a support for transverse fixation, that is, it prevents the structure from falling to the left / right, depending on which flute will be mounted cable hook 11 of the winch 10. In the frontal version, the load stop flutes working on stop 1, when installed for work, depict the symbol

Depending on which side of the vehicle is stuck in a rut, and the angle of installation of the mechanism, taking into account the presence of an idea of \u200b\u200bmechanical force, a person chooses whether to use the left or right load stop flute working on the stop 1 to fix it with a hook of the cable 11 of the winch 10. Using finger lock 4, you can adjust the length of the flutes protruding in the mechanism with lever arms. The supporting blades 7 are fixed on the weight flutes working on the stop 1 and are designed to provide support from the horizontal, longitudinal and transverse displacement of these flutes. During operation of the winch 10, a controlled displacement of the vehicle takes place forward and upward. Transfer handles 5 are designed for ease of installation of the mechanism, as well as the current movement of flutes 1 for subsequent / next removal, in order to further implement the mechanism in such repetitive cycles, and so on in progression until the desired result is achieved.

In the described embodiment of the operation of the mechanism, the application of the proposed invention from the front of the car is considered. The implementation of the same operation of the mechanism from the rear of the car is similar.

Claims (2)

1. A winch puller, including weight flutes working on a stop, with lugs for attaching a winch cable hook, a load weight flute working on traction, with an eye for attaching to a car bumper hook, a finger lock, a carrying handle, characterized in that it has a combined a lever hinge acting as a connecting support for the flutes, support blades rigidly fixed on the load stop flute, working on the stop, anticipating horizontal, longitudinal and transverse displacements of the mechanism acting as a support. 2. The winch puller according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two load-bearing flutes, working on a stop, with lugs for attaching the hook of the winch cable, which ensure the lateral stability of the mechanism during its implementation.

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