RU2782002C1 - Trolley for transporting building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to carts. The bogie contains a frame, two front wheels, two rear steerable wheels, a body connected to a U-shaped handle, and a device that creates traction. The thrust generating device contains two pressure-lifting panels. Bar lifting panels are made of lightweight and durable material in the form of boxes. The boxes have square holes on the sides. Bar-lifting elements are installed and fixed horizontally one above the other inside the boxes.

EFFECT: increase in performance is achieved.

1 cl, 17 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to mechanisms used to facilitate the work of construction workers when moving building materials to the place of construction work.

Known trolley containing running wheel pair, L-shaped frame and two interconnected load-carrying platform. The trolley is equipped with side gussets fixed relative to the frame and forming a working capacity with the load-carrying platforms. The gussets are made removable, and the running gear is installed on the gussets with the possibility of rearrangement (RF Patent No. 7075, class B62V 1/12).

The disadvantages of the known analogue are: a small amount of transported cargo, a small distance over which you can move the cargo, a significant effort that must be applied to move the truck with the cargo.

These shortcomings are due to the design of the trolley.

A two-wheeled trolley is also known, containing a frame with wheels attached to it, a body in the form of a bucket fixed to the frame, a handle that can be rotated (RF Patent No. 1474011, class B62B 1/16).

Known trolley according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1474011, as the closest in technical essence and the achieved useful result, is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the trolley adopted for the prototype are the same.

These shortcomings are due to the design of the trolley.

The objective of the present invention is to expand the functionality of the trolley by creating additional horizontal pushing forces when transporting goods and reducing the force applied to the handle when transporting goods to a construction site.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that in the trolley containing the frame, in the lower front part of which two front wheels are fixed on brackets, and in the rear part of the frame, two rear steerable wheels are mounted on brackets hinged on vertical rods, and on top of the frame there is a body connected to a U-shaped handle, according to the invention, in the front part of the frame in front of the body, a device is installed that creates additional horizontal thrust through the use of atmospheric air pressure with a mechanism for controlling this thrust, containing two pressure-lifting panels made of light and durable material (see RF patent No. 2707607 dated November 28, 2019, RF patent No. 2627507 dated August 08, 2017, RF patent No. 2663531 dated August 7, 2018). Bar-lifting panels are made in the form of rectangular-shaped boxes hingedly mounted at a certain distance from each other with the ability to turn forward by 90 degrees and back by 90 degrees, facing each other with their front end surfaces having horizontal and vertical rows of holes of a tetrahedral section and rear smooth end surfaces outwards. Both boxes have square holes on the right and left sides, the number of which is the same on each side, each hole on the right side is coaxial with the corresponding hole on the left side. Inside each box, pressure-lifting elements are installed and fixed horizontally one above the other, each of which is made in the form of a rectangular tetrahedral bar in contact with adjacent pressure-lifting elements of the same design, each of which has a transverse through tetrahedral channel in the rear part, and in the middle part a horizontal channel of rectangular cross section opening onto the front end surface. At the rear, the horizontal channel is pneumatically and perpendicularly connected to the transverse through channel. Two right-angled triangles are fixed in the horizontal channel, one on one side and the other behind it on the opposite side, facing with their legs towards the transverse through channel, the hypotenuse of each of them is located at an angle to the longitudinal axial line of the horizontal channel, parallel and equal in length to the opposite section of the wall of the horizontal channel. In the rear part of the horizontal channel, at the point of its connection with the transverse through channel, two rectangular longitudinal bars, identical in size, are fixed on opposite side walls, the distance between which corresponds to the width of the inlet on the front end surface of the pressure-lifting element, the lower surface of which is smooth, and the distance between of two rectangular bars is also equal to the sum of two legs of right triangles. All transverse through channels standing in a transverse row of pressure-lifting elements are connected to each other and to the corresponding tetrahedral holes on the side surfaces of the box, the number of which is equal to the number of transverse rows of pressure-lifting elements. In the lower part of the frame, gears are fixed on the axes of the boxes, which are cross-connected to each other by means of one chain drive, and the second gear on the axis of one of the boxes is connected by a chain drive to a gear fixed to the lower end of a vertical shaft installed in the rear of the cart and having on the upper end is a handwheel with a handle for turning the boxes.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

In FIG. 1 - shows a general view of a trolley for transporting building materials;

in fig. 2 - top view of the trolley;

in fig. 3 - view of the front end surface of the pressure-lifting panel;

in fig. 4 - view of the rear end surface of the pressure-lifting panel;

in fig. 5 is a side view of the pressure-lifting panel;

in fig. 6 - general view of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 7 is a side view of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 8 is a top view of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 9 - bottom view of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 10 - view of the pressure-lifting element in section;

in fig. 11 - aspect ratio of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 12 is a diagram of the forces acting on the surface of the pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 13 is a diagram of creating a pushing horizontal thrust on a pressure-lifting element;

in fig. 14 - location of pressure-lifting panels in the absence of thrust (atmospheric air pressure forces cancel each other out);

in fig. 15 - location of pressure-lifting panels when moving forward;

in fig. 16 - location of pressure-lifting panels when moving backward;

in fig. 17 is a diagram of the control mechanism for pressure-lifting panels.

The trolley for the transport of building materials contains a frame 1, In the lower front part of which two front wheels 3 are fixedly fixed on brackets 2, and in the rear part of the frame 1 two rear steerable wheels 5 are mounted on brackets 4 hinged on vertical rods. On top of the frame 1 a body 6 is installed connected to a U-shaped handle 7. In the front part of the frame 1, a device 8 is installed to create additional thrust by using atmospheric air pressure with a control mechanism for this thrust (Fig. 17), containing two pressure-lifting panels 9, 10, made made of lightweight and durable material in the form of boxes 11 of rectangular shape, having shafts 12, 13 on the upper and lower side surfaces and mounted pivotally, at some distance from each other, with the ability to rotate in a horizontal plane 90 degrees forward and 90 degrees back, facing in the initial (off) state to each other with their front end surfaces (Fig. 3), having horizontal and vertical rows of holes of a tetrahedral section and rear smooth end surfaces (Fig. 4) out. In addition, both boxes have square holes 14 on the right and left sides. Each hole on the right side is coaxial with the corresponding hole on the left side. Inside each box, pressure-lifting elements 15 are installed and fixed horizontally one above the other, each of which is made in the form of a rectangular tetrahedral bar in contact with adjacent pressure-lifting elements of the same design, each of which has a transverse through tetrahedral channel 16 in the rear part, and in in the middle part, a horizontal channel 17 of rectangular section, opening to the front end surface, and in the rear part, the horizontal channel is pneumatically and perpendicularly connected to the transverse through channel 16. In the horizontal channel 16, two right-angled triangles 18, 19 are fixed, one on one side and the other behind it on the opposite side, facing their legs towards the transverse through channel 16, the hypotenuse of each of them is located at an angle to the longitudinal axial line of the horizontal channel 17, parallel and equal in length to the opposite section of the wall of the horizontal channel 17. In the rear part of the horizontal channel, at its junction with the transverse through channel 16, two rectangular longitudinal bars 20, 21 of the same size are fixed on opposite side walls, the distance between which corresponds to the width of the inlet on the front end surface of the pressure-lifting element, the lower surface of which is smooth, and the distance between two rectangular bars 20, 21 is also equal to the sum of two legs of rectangular triangles 18, 19. All transverse through channels 16, standing in each transverse row of pressure-lifting elements 15, are connected to each other and to the corresponding tetrahedral holes on the side surfaces of the box, the number of which is equal to the number of transverse rows of pressure-lifting elements 15. In the lower part of the frame 1, on the axes 13 of the boxes 11, gears 22, 23 are fixed, which are cross-connected to each other by means of one chain drive 24. The second gear 25 on the axis 13 of one of the boxes 11 is connected by means of a chain transmission 26 to the gear 27, mounted on a vertical shaft 28, located at the rear of the cart, having a flywheel 29 with a handle 30 at the upper end for turning the boxes 11 into the working position.

Work trolley for the transport of building materials.

When loading building materials into the body 6, both devices for creating additional traction 8 are disabled and are in the position shown in figures 1, 2, turned with their front end surfaces towards each other. At the same time, the arising pressure forces of atmospheric air on the pressure-lifting panels 9, 10 in the horizontal direction are mutually balanced and no additional thrust occurs (Fig. 14). However, atmospheric air through the holes on the front end surfaces of the pressure-lifting panels 9, 10 and holes 14 on the side surfaces passes inside the pressure-lifting elements 15, interacts with all surfaces, filling the cavities of the horizontal 17 and transverse through channels 16. Since all opposite surfaces are inside the pressure-lifting elements 15 equal in area, then L ₁ =L ₂ ; L ₃ =L ₄ ; L ₅ =L ₆ ; L ₇ =L ₈ ; L ₁₁ =L ₁₂ ; L ₁₃ =L ₁₄ ; L ₁₅ =L ₁₆ ; L ₁₇ =L ₁₈ ; L ₁₉ =L ₂₀ ; L ₂₃ \u003d L ₂₁ + L ₂₂ + L ₉ + L ₁₀ . Atmospheric air pressure produced in any direction is mutually balanced, no matter how the pressure-lifting panels 9, 10 are turned. Therefore, F ₁ =F ₂ ; F ₃ =F ₄ ; F ₅ =F ₆ ; F ₇ =F ₈ ; F ₉ =F ₁₀ ; F ₁₁ = F ₁₂ ; F ₁₃ = F ₁₄ ; F ₁₅ = F ₁₆ ; F ₁₇ = F ₁₈ ; F ₁₉ = F ₂₀ ; F ₂₁ = F ₂₂ ; F ₂₃ \u003d F ₉ + F ₁₀ + F ₂₁ + F ₂₂ . Thus, atmospheric air does not increase the pressure inside the pressure-lifting elements 15. The ratio of pressure on the front and rear end surfaces and the rear end surface does not change depending on the location of the pressure-lifting panels 9, 10. Since the area of the rear end surface is larger than the area of the front end surface, then the pressure on the rear end surface F _{C is} greater than on the front end surface F _p (Fig. 13). In this case, the atmospheric air pressure force on the front end surface F _p is balanced by part of the forces F _cp , and the other part of this force acts on the frame 1. After the trolley is loaded with building material, it is transported. When moving forward, the driver presses the U-shaped handle 7 and at the same time rotates the flywheel 29 by the handle 30 with his free hand. , 23 rotates both pressure-lifting panels to the position shown in figure 15. Thus, to the effort of the person carrying the cart, the air pressure remaining from balancing the forces of air pressure on the front end surfaces of the pressure-lifting panels 9, 10 will be added, coinciding with the direction of the applied human efforts. In the position shown in figure 15, the pressure lifting panels 9, 10 create the maximum additional force applied to the frame 1, and when turning, when the pressure lifting panels 9, 10 are at an angle to each other, the pushing force F _c will gradually increase to the maximum and match human muscle strength. Carrying it will be much easier. To move backward, the driver pulls the U-shaped handle 7 and simultaneously rotates the flywheel 29 in the opposite direction. The pressure-lifting panels 9, 10 turn in the opposite direction, as shown in figure 16. After arriving at the place of unloading, by turning the flywheel 29 by the handle 30, the pressure-lifting panels are set to the neutral position (Fig. 14) and the effect of atmospheric air pressure on the cart stops.

EFFECT: increased performance of the trolley, faster delivery of building materials to the construction site, less fatigue for the trolley driver, increased amount of transported material.

Claims (1)

The bogie contains a frame, in the lower front part of which two front wheels are fixedly fixed on brackets, and in the rear part of the frame, two rear steerable wheels are mounted on brackets hinged on vertical rods, and a body connected to a U-shaped handle is mounted on top of the frame, characterized in that in the front part of the frame in front of the body there is a device that creates additional traction due to the use of atmospheric air pressure with a mechanism for controlling this traction, mounted on the frame behind the body, containing two pressure-lifting panels made of light and durable material in the form of rectangular boxes , pivotally mounted on axes fixed on the upper and lower side surfaces, at some distance from each other with the ability to rotate in a horizontal plane 90 degrees forward and 90 degrees back, facing each other in the initial position with their front end surfaces having horizontal and in vertical rows of holes of a tetrahedral section and rear smooth end surfaces, in addition, both boxes have tetrahedral holes on the right and left sides, the number of which is the same on each side, each hole on the right side is coaxial with the corresponding hole on the left side, and inside each box there are and bar-lifting elements are fixed horizontally one above the other, each of which is made in the form of a rectangular tetrahedral bar, in contact with adjacent pressure-lifting elements, identical in design, each of which has a transverse through tetrahedral channel in the rear part, and a horizontal channel of rectangular section in the middle part , opening to the front end surface, and in the rear part the horizontal channel is pneumatically and perpendicularly connected to the transverse through channel, and two right-angled triangles are fixed in the horizontal channel, one on one side and the other behind it o on the opposite side, facing with their legs towards the transverse through channel, the hypotenuse of each of them is located at an angle to the longitudinal axial line of the horizontal channel, parallel and equal in length to the opposite section of the wall of the horizontal channel, and in the rear part of the horizontal channel, at the junction of it with through a transverse through channel, two rectangular longitudinal bars, identical in size, are fixed on opposite side walls, the distance between which corresponds to the width of the inlet on the front end surface of the pressure-lifting element, the lower surface of which is smooth, and the distance between two rectangular bars is also equal to the sum of two small rectangular legs triangles, and all the transverse through channels of the pressure-lifting elements in each transverse row are connected to each other and to the corresponding tetrahedral holes on the side surfaces of the box, the number of which is equal to the number of transverse x rows of pressure-lifting elements, and in the lower part of the frame, on the axes of the boxes, gears are fixed, which, through one chain drive, cross-to-cross connect the boxes to each other, and the second gear on the axis of one of the boxes is connected by another chain drive to the gear, fixed at the lower end of the vertical a shaft installed in the rear part of the trolley frame, on the upper end of which a flywheel with a handle is fixed for turning the boxes forward, backward or towards each other with its front end surfaces, ensuring the direction of the generated thrust forward, backward and turning it off.

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