RU2780882C1 - Anti-tilt device for hoisting machines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hoisting and transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of hoisting and transport engineering, and in particular to safety devices to prevent tipping of hoisting machines (HM). The lifting machine contains four inclinometers. which are located behind the dimensions of the machine on the outriggers of the hydraulic cylinders. Each outrigger has a pressure sensor mounted on the hydraulic cylinder support. If the center of gravity of the machine has changed and gone beyond the permissible limit, the signal from all sensors is sent to the delay relay, then to the control unit. The outriggers are additionally equipped with backup hydraulic cylinders “fan-shaped” and “segmental”, and a telescopic disk is installed at the base of the supports, which opens in case of soil punching by one or more supports.

EFFECT: prevention of overturning of any hoisting machines on which this system will be installed is achieved.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hoisting and transport engineering, and in particular to safety devices to prevent tipping of hoisting machines (GPM).

The purpose of the invention is to increase the stability of hoisting machines to overturning both on solid ground and soft ground.

The objective of the invention is to prevent the tipping of the GPM, increase the reliability of operation and simplify the design of the anti-tilting device.

A device for anti-rollover of a vehicle is known (RU 2499717 C1 B62D 49/08, B60K 28/14). It refers to transport engineering, in particular to systems that provide passive safety in case of rollover in the transverse plane of the vehicle due to the automatic operation of the anti-tilt assembly. When the vehicle body is tilted at an angle exceeding the critical value, the control unit connects the gas generator squib mounted on the anti-tilting unit to the current source. The igniter is activated by igniting the ignition charge, which ignites the expelling charge, the resulting gas enters the pneumatic cylinder and pushes the rod with a stop fixed at its end. The vehicle body continues to change its position relative to the longitudinal axis until the stop touches the bearing surface of the vehicle wheels.

Disadvantages of this device:

1. Does not provide fore and aft rollover prevention capability (front tilt or PMG rear tilt).

2. Delayed actuation of the hydraulic system.

A device for preventing the rollover of a mobile lifting unit (RU 2184671 B62D 49/08, B66C 23/53) is known, containing an electric tilt sensor with built-in two electrodes electrically connected to a source of sound and light signals and electrically connected to an actuator made in the form of an installed under the frame between the front and rear wheels of the anti-tilting mechanism, containing a body with left and right hydraulic cylinders, the rods of which are connected to ballast weights, and the cavities are made with the possibility of connecting through normally closed solenoid valves with a drain line and through normally open solenoid valves with a hydraulic line, solenoid valves of the left of the hydraulic cylinder are electrically connected to the right electrode, the electromagnetic valves of the right hydraulic cylinder are electrically connected to the left electrode, the electric tilt sensor is made in the form of two identical symmetrically located one relative rather than other containers, partially filled with oil, on the surface of which there are electrodes, at one end hinged on the side inner surfaces of the containers, and at the other end of each electrode, a float and a contact are installed opposite each other, opposite these contacts on the upper inner surfaces of the containers there are contacts, electrically interconnected and connected to a power source.

Disadvantages of this device:

1. Does not provide fore and aft rollover prevention capability (front tilt or PMG rear tilt).

2. Delayed actuation of the hydraulic system.

3. Given the properties of the liquid in the roll sensor (oil), it may splash during vibration, which can lead to false operation of the device.

4. At negative temperatures, the oil will thicken, which will adversely affect the tilt sensor, the data obtained will be incorrect.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a device for preventing the rollover of a mobile lifting unit (RU 131689 B62D 49/08), containing a roll sensor, a source of sound and light signals, an anti-tilt mechanism, characterized in that the roll sensor consists of four ultrasonic sensors, each of which is installed on its remote rod and taken out of the dimensions of the machine, while the rods are rigidly fixed on the frame of the chassis of the machine symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal and transverse axes of the machine, the signal from the ultrasonic tilt sensors is fed to the inputs of the monitoring and control unit, the fifth input of which is electrically connected to the sensor , and the output of the monitoring and control unit through the signal delay unit is connected to the solenoid, the core of which interacts with the locking bar, which has a hole coaxial with the core and is rigidly connected to the cable, one end of which is rigidly connected to the rod with the possibility of its rotation by 90º, on which a ballast weight is installed with the possibility of its movement and its subsequent rigid fixation on the rod, the second end of which is fixed on an axis mounted on a rotary frame opposite to the lifting boom, and the second end of the cable is connected through a block to a drum with a ratchet, while the spring is installed with the possibility its interaction with the rod.

Disadvantages of this device:

1. Use of obsolete measuring instruments.

2. Delayed action of the hydraulic system.

3. Anti-tilting device contains many complex units and assemblies.

4. Not intended for use on unstable ground.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the device for preventing the tipping of lifting machines contains additional points of support in the form of "fan-shaped" and "segment" hydraulic cylinders, as well as a sliding telescopic disk installed in the main outrigger supports that changes size in case of their subsidence. If, during the operation of the GPM, one or several supports of the hydraulic cylinders have shifted relative to the horizontal plane by a height h and the center of gravity of the machine has shifted beyond the permissible range of values, the signal from the inclinometers 8 is fed through the electrical circuit 11 to the delay relay 3, then to the control unit 1. The information is processed, and depending on the data received from the inclinometers 8, the control unit 1 sends a signal to the control panel 2 by the operator about an emergency situation. In parallel, the hydraulic pump 4 is switched on, which from the expansion tank 5 distributes oil through the pipeline system 6 to the hydraulic cylinders 10, 14, 15 to stabilize the position of the truck crane, by adjusting the height of the hydraulic cylinders and opening the telescopic disk in the outriggers, increasing the support points of the machine. The proposed device makes it possible to prevent the overturning of hoisting machines on which this system will be installed.

New significant features:

- a telescopic disk is installed in the base of the outrigger support, which, if necessary, opens, thereby increasing the contact area

- there are additional support points made in the form of attachments to outriggers

The listed new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases covered by the scope of legal protection.

The technical result is achieved due to hydraulic supports, which automatically change the height, in case of a change in the center of gravity, to keep the PMG in a strictly working position.

Figure 1 - Top view, schematic arrangement of devices.

Figure 2 - Section, side view, schematic arrangement of devices.

Figure 3 - Side view of the outrigger.

Figure 4 - Top view, schematically located additional supports.

Figure 5 - The operation of the rollover prevention system on soft ground.

The device works as follows.

The outriggers of the GPM are extended beyond its frame, the hydraulic cylinders 10 (Fig.1,2) maintain the center of gravity in the working position, the inclinometers 8 are installed behind the dimensions of the machine on the outriggers 12 and control the angle of inclination of the machine, and the pressure sensors on the support record the pressure on each of supports. The received data from the sensors 8 and 12 are sent to the time relay 3 to form normalized time delays, then the signal is sent to the control unit 1, compared with the threshold values of the machine tilt angle and the pressure on the supports, and displayed on the operator control panel 2.

When working with a crane on unstable soil, it is punched through one of the supports, to a depth h (figure 5), for example, the left one, the inclinometers 8 determine the angle "α" by which the GPM deviated from its original axis, a signal is continuously fed through the electrical circuit 11 to time relay 3 (Fig.2), after the signal is transmitted to the control unit 1, where the data is processed and displayed on the operator's control panel 2. If the angle of inclination is critical and requires an early decision, then the control unit 1, without the participation of the operator, sends a signal to the pump 4 to take oil from the expansion tank 5 and distribute it through pipelines 6 to the hydraulic cylinders 10, which pushed through the soil, the pressure is built up until the angle "α" returns to its normal position (figure 3). In case of continuation of the further unstable position of the GPM, the stepped anti-tilt protection system is connected to the work, the telescopic disk 9 (Fig.3,4) installed at the main points of the crane supports is opened, then the “cross-shaped” hydraulic cylinders 14 and the “segmental” hydraulic cylinders 15, increasing at times the fulcrum of the crane with the ground, thereby increasing the resistance to overturning of the crane.

Claims (1)

A device for preventing tipping of a hoisting machine, containing sensors of roll and pressure on the support, mounted in remote rods, taken out of the dimensions of the machine, while the rods are rigidly fixed on the frame of the chassis, they are symmetrical with respect to the transverse axis of the machine, a source of sound and light signals, hydraulic cylinders, having a power reserve, interconnected by a control unit that allows you to automatically adjust the center of gravity, an anti-tilt mechanism, characterized in that duplicate hydraulic cylinders "fan-shaped" and "segment" are additionally installed to the outriggers, and a telescopic disk is installed at the base of the supports, which is on the case of soil punching by one or more supports is revealed, increasing the area of \u200b\u200bthe support at times.

Images