RU2780572C1 - Heat exchange module - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermal power engineering and can be used for the manufacture of modular heat exchangers. The heat exchange module is made in the form of a tube bundle with medium inlet and outlet pipes, consisting of heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type and including a block of heated (cooled) medium consisting of the inner surface of the outer pipes and the outer surface of the inner pipes with an annular gap between them, a block of heating (cooling) medium consisting of the outer surface of the outer pipes and inner surfaces of inner pipes, pipe boards of the inlet and outlet chambers in which the outer pipes are fixed, the bottoms of the inlet and outlet chambers in which the inner pipes are fixed, in this case, the supply and discharge of the medium into the annular gap can be carried out both perpendicular and coaxially to the heat exchange pipes, the number of heat exchange elements is n, where n is an integer from 2 to 3000, and the modules can be interconnected in sections from 2 to 1000 to obtain the necessary heat exchange surface, and the layout of the modules can be multi-pass, from 0 to 1/3 of the heat exchange elements located in the central part are made single-walled, while single-walled heat exchange elements and heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type satisfy the ratio of 0.1 D≤d≤D, where D is the outer diameter of the pipes of the heat exchange element of the pipe-in-pipe type, d is the outer diameter of the pipes of the single-wall heat exchange element.

EFFECT: reduction in the weight and size characteristics of the heat exchanger, simplifying the replacement of modules.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for use in the field of thermal power engineering, in particular in low and high pressure heaters, in superheaters and other heat exchangers, and can also be used in other industries that manufacture or use heat exchange equipment.

A direct-flow vertical steam generator is known, containing fixed in its tube boards heat exchange elements such as a pipe in a pipe, a pipe for supplying a heating medium from above simultaneously into the annular space and into internal pipes, a pipe for supplying a working medium from below into the annular cavities between the outer and inner pipes, pipes for removing the heating medium and steam, while in the tube sheets adjacent to the annular space, holes are made located between the holes for fastening the outer pipes and connecting the channels formed in the annular space with collectors for supplying and discharging the heating medium, the inner pipes communicating with the same collectors, and annular cavities - with collectors for supplying the working medium and removing steam (RF patent No. 2140608, IPC F22B 1/02, F28D 7/10, published 10/27/1999).

The disadvantages of the steam generator are:

- inefficient filling of the housing with heat exchange elements,

- movement of the annular medium with the formation of stagnant zones in areas adjacent to the tube sheets, diametrically removed from the windows for the entry of the medium into the annular space and its exit,

- unorganized movement of the medium in the annular space, its poor access to the pipes adjacent to the axial zone of the steam generator housing.

A well-known heat exchanger with heat exchange tubes of the "pipe in pipe" type, which is a heat exchanger, containing a cylindrical housing with nozzles for supplying a component inside the housing and removing it from the housing, located in the inlet and outlet parts of the housing, respectively, heat exchange pipes installed inside the housing in tube sheets , profiled covers with connecting flanges installed on the ends of the body and forming with tube plates cavities for supply and removal of the component supplied through the heat exchange tubes, an inner tube is additionally coaxially installed inside each heat exchange tube with the formation of an annular radial gap between the walls of the tubes, while in the inlet and additional bottoms are installed in the outlet parts of the heat exchanger housing, forming with tube plates and profiled covers the cavities for supply and removal of components, while the cavity of the annular radial gap between the walls of the heat exchange and internal additional rub is connected to the cavity formed by the tube plate and the additional bottom, and the cavity between the profiled cover and the additional bottom is connected to the cavities of the internal additional tubes and to the body cavity (RF patent No. 2621194, IPC F28D 7/10 (2006.01), publ. 06/01/2017).

The main disadvantages of this design are the high metal consumption, the impossibility of manufacturing at high pressure parameters of the working media, and the impossibility of repairing the external heat exchange pipes.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of reducing the weight and size characteristics of the apparatus.

The technical result in the implementation of the invention is to reduce the weight and size parameters of the heat exchanger.

The stated technical problem is solved by the fact that in the heat exchange module, made in the form of a tube bundle with nozzles for supplying and discharging the medium, consisting of single-wall heat exchange elements and heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type, and including a block of heated (cooled) medium, consisting of the inner surface of the outer pipes and the outer surface of the inner pipes with an annular gap between them, a block of heating (cooling) medium, consisting of the outer surface of the outer pipes and the inner surface of the inner pipes, tube sheets of the inlet and outlet chambers, in which the outer pipes, the bottoms of the inlet and outlet chambers are fixed, in which the inner pipes are fixed, while the supply and discharge of the medium into the annular gap can be carried out both perpendicularly and coaxially to the heat exchange pipes, the number of heat exchange elements is n, where n is an integer from 2 to 3000, and the modules can be connected to each other in sections from 2 to 1000 to obtain the required heat exchange surface, and the layout of the modules can be multi-pass, from 0 to 1/3 of the heat exchange elements located in the central part are made single-walled, while single-wall heat exchange elements and heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type satisfy the ratio 0.1 D≤d≤D,

where D is the outer diameter of the pipes of the heat exchange element of the pipe-in-pipe type,

d is the outer diameter of the pipes of a single-walled heat exchange element.

With a coaxial supply and discharge of the medium into the annular gap, a denser layout of the modules is achieved due to the absence of nozzles for supplying / discharging the heated medium on the cylindrical surface of the inlet / outlet chamber and simpler connection of the modules to the manifolds for supplying / discharging the heated medium (the connection is made in the heat exchanger housing under / above the surface of the inlet/outlet chambers without increasing the diameter of the heat exchanger shell).

With a perpendicular supply and discharge of the medium into the annular gap, the universality of the heat exchange elements and their uniform distribution in the heat exchange module are achieved.

With the combined supply and removal of the medium into the annular gap, compensation of the heat exchange surface is achieved.

The implementation of 0 to 1/3 of the heat exchange elements located in the central part, single-walled allows you to supply the medium into the annular gap without losing the useful surface of the tube sheet, while there is also some savings in the weight of the pipes.

Satisfying the ratio 0.1 D≤d<D makes it possible to equalize the hydraulic resistance with respect to heat exchange elements with an annular gap, while some savings in the weight of the pipes also occur.

Since the module does not have an external casing, the heat exchange surface can be filled with a large number of modules, the heat exchanger can be multi-passed using the layout of the modules, the failure of any of the tubes of the module does not lead to the replacement of the entire heat exchanger, but only to the replacement or shutdown of the module.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

On FIG. 1 shows a general view of the module;

in fig. 2 - version of its execution;

in fig. 3 - medium supply to the annular gap perpendicular to the heat exchange tubes;

in fig. 4 - medium supply to the annular gap coaxially to the heat exchange tubes.

The heat exchange module consists of an inlet chamber 1, including a branch pipe for supplying a heated medium 8, a bottom 4, a tube board 5, blocks of a heated and heating medium 2, consisting of outer pipes 6 and inner pipes 7, an outlet chamber 3, including a branch pipe for the outlet of the heated medium 10. The inlet and outlet chambers may include a shell 9.

The heat exchange module works as follows.

The medium flow through the branch pipe 8 enters the inlet chamber 1 and then enters the annular gap between the pipes 6, 7 (Fig. 3, 4), into the pipes 11 of single-wall heat exchange elements (Fig. 4), where it is heated by cooling the heating medium. The heated medium enters the outlet chamber 3 and through the pipe 10 (Fig. 1, 2) is removed from the heat exchange module. The flow of the heating medium enters the space between pipes 6 (Fig. 3) and pipes 6, 11 (Fig. 4) and into the inner space of pipes 7, carrying out bilateral heating of the heated medium.

The use of modules will significantly reduce the thickness of the tube sheets and bottoms due to their smaller diameter (at the same pressure and similar geometry, an element with a larger surface area will have a greater thickness to maintain strength)

Thus, a reduction in weight and size characteristics in comparison with the prototype by 1.9-2 times has been achieved.

At the same time, the design of the heat exchange module can be operated in a wider range of operating parameters during the entire life cycle of this piece of equipment. Failed modules can simply be replaced with new ones.

Claims (6)

1. A heat exchange module made in the form of a tube bundle with nozzles for inlet and outlet of the medium, consisting of single-wall heat exchange elements and heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type and including a block of a heated or cooled medium, consisting of the inner surface of the outer pipes and the outer surface of the inner pipes with an annular a gap between them, a block of heating or cooling medium, consisting of the outer surface of the outer pipes and the inner surface of the inner pipes, tube sheets of the inlet and outlet chambers, in which the outer pipes are fixed, the bottoms of the inlet and outlet chambers, in which the inner pipes are fixed, characterized in that that the supply and discharge of the medium into the annular gap can be carried out both perpendicularly and coaxially to the heat exchange pipes, the number of heat exchange elements is n, where n is an integer from 2 to 3000, and the modules can be interconnected in sections from 2 to 1000 to obtain the required heat exchange surfaces, and the layout of the modules can be many walker. 2. The heat exchange module according to claim 1, characterized in that from 0 to 1/3 of the heat exchange elements located in the central part are made single-walled. 3. The heat exchange module according to claim 1, characterized in that single-wall heat exchange elements and heat exchange elements of the pipe-in-pipe type satisfy the relationship 0.1 D≤d≤D, where D is the outer diameter of the pipes of the heat exchange element of the pipe-in-pipe type, d is the outer diameter of the pipes of a single-walled heat exchange element.

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