RU2779847C1 - Locking device with a lock with a key code set - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locking devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to locking devices. The locking device contains a lock (1) and a mechanical code locking device with a ratchet mechanism, the code of which is typed by turning the lock key. The parts of the mechanical code locking device are located on its housing (2), fixed to the rear of the lock housing (1), and the rear of the shank (3) of the lock (1). Some parts of the ratchet mechanism: the fixing latch (7) and the ratchet (9) are spring-loaded and located on the axes mounted on the housing (2) of the code locking device with the possibility of rotation around these axes and interaction with each other. On the shank (3) of the lock (1) there is a spring-loaded latch (5) for driving the ratchet (9) and a cam (4) for interacting with the fixing latch (7). There is also a locking rack (11) located on the housing (1) of the code locking device near the ratchet (9), and a cam (12) located on the ratchet (9) in place of one of its teeth, which has the ability to interact with the locking rack (11) in the position when the latches (5) and (7) do not interact with the ratchet (9), as well as the cam (19) of the code set, which in a certain position of the ratchet (9) through the lever system has the ability to interact with the movable stop (17) located behind the shank (3), with the possibility of this stop crossing the trajectory of the shank (3) and interacting with it.

EFFECT: inaccessibility of the code locking device for outsiders is ensured, a significant number of key positions at which the lock is blocked, independence from power supply, lack of cables and battery.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to locking devices and can be used to create safe and household door locks that are resistant to unauthorized opening with a regular key and criminal unlocking carried out by non-destructive methods.

A secret lock for doors is known (RF patent No. 2026946), driven by a key with a barb, and combined in series with a mechanical combination lock, where dialing the code on the code disks is possible from the outside of the door. The disadvantage of this lock is the availability of the code blocking device for outsiders.

Locks are known that use a specific lock function with a “secret” (URL: https://golddveri.ru/furnitura/zamok/sejfovyj-zamok.html), the correct execution of which can only be known to the owners of the lock. In this lock, you must turn the key to the desired position before opening, otherwise it is blocked. The disadvantage of these locks is a small number of key positions at which the lock is blocked.

The closest in essence to the achieved technical result is a locking electromechanical device operating according to the method (RF patent No. 2722282). The device contains a lock, on the edge of the shank of which, protruding beyond the dimensions of the lock mechanism, there is a cam, and at the end of the shank there are upper and lower stops. On the back of the lock body there are upper and lower brackets, in which the actuators are fixed with locking brackets at the ends of their movable rods and located opposite the shank stops. The locking brackets have cutouts for the passage of the shank stops. On the upper bracket there are code dialing contacts and a code reset contact, which interact with the cam when the shank moves and supply electrical impulses to the actuators. The brackets have the ability to move across the movement of the shank stops, which supply electrical impulses to the actuators. The brackets have the ability to move across the movement of the shank stops under the influence of actuators and, depending on their position before the last turn of the key, prevent the shank from moving or allow it to complete the last movement and fully open the lock. The disadvantage of this technical solution is its dependence on power supply, the need for cable laying and the presence of a battery in the event of a power outage, which narrows the scope of its application.

The task to be solved by the claimed technical solution is to expand the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose, in particular, to create a locking device that is resistant to unauthorized opening of the lock with a regular key and increases the resistance of the lock to criminal unlocking carried out by non-destructive methods, which would be devoid of the indicated above disadvantages.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose, in particular the creation of a locking device that is resistant to unauthorized opening with a standard key and increases resistance to criminal unlocking carried out by non-destructive methods, independent of power supply.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a locking device has been developed, containing a lock and a mechanical code blocking device, resistant to unauthorized opening with a regular key and increasing resistance to criminal unlocking carried out by non-destructive methods, independent of power supply.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that instead of an electromechanical system for blocking the movement of the lock shank with bolts located on it, a mechanical system is used that does not require power supply for its operation. For this, a ratchet mechanism is used. To set each digit of the code, which in the general case can be several, a separate group of parts is used, some of which are located on the shank of the lock, and the other part - on the body of the code blocking device. A group of parts is a cam and a spring-loaded pawl of the lock shank located in series on the back of the lock shank for driving the ratchet and located on the body of the code blocking device fixed on the back of the lock body, opposite the cam and pawl of the lock shank in series in the direction of movement of the lock shank when opening the lock a locking pawl, a ratchet and a locking post, wherein the locking pawl is located on an axis perpendicular to the plane of the ratchet, with the possibility of rotation around the axis and interaction with one of its ends with the shank cam, and with the other end with the ratchet teeth, while the pawl spring tends to press it against the teeth ratchet. The ratchet is located on the axis with the possibility of rotation around it and interacting with the specified pawls located on the shank and the body of the code blocking device, in addition, the ratchet is spring-loaded by a spiral spring tending to abut the teeth of the ratchet against the pawls, and in place of one of the teeth of the ratchet a cam is made with the possibility its stop in the fixing post under the influence of a spiral spring in the absence of interaction of the ratchet with the pawls, and in place of the other tooth there is a code dialing cam. On the body of the code blocking device near the ratchet, but on the side opposite from the shank, there is a lever with one end on the axis of rotation, the other end of which is pivotally connected to the movable stop, which can move along the guides across the trajectory of the lock shank and interact with this shank. A cam is made on the lever with the possibility of its interaction with the ratchet code dialing cam, and the lever itself is pressed towards the ratchet by a spring.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the materials presented for example in Fig. 1-10 where:

In FIG. 1 shows a locking device, which is a lever lock with a mechanical combination blocking device, with an explanation of the composition of its elements in a position where the lock bolts located on the lock shank are fully extended from its body, that is, the lock is fully locked;

in fig. 2 - local view of the location of the elements of the blocking device with a fully locked lock;

in fig. 3 - the same, but when the key in the lock is turned about a quarter of a turn in the direction of opening the lock;

in fig. 4 - the same, but when the key in the lock is turned one half turn;

in fig. 5 - the same, but when the key in the lock is turned two half turns;

in fig. 6 - the same, but when the key is turned two half-turns, and the dialed code number is less than necessary;

in fig. 7 - the same, but when the key is turned two half-turns, and the dialed code number is more than necessary;

in fig. 8 - the same, but when the key is turned three half-turns, and the dialed code number is more than necessary;

in fig. 9 - the same, but when the key is turned three half-turns, and the dialed code number corresponds to the required one;

in fig. 10 - the same, but when the key is turned four half-turns of the key, and the lock is fully open.

The drawings show the simplest version of the locking device, in which one group of parts is used to dial one code digit. There can be several numbers of the code. In this case, the locking device will function in the same way as shown below. All groups of parts, if there are several of them, will repeat each other and function according to the same principle.

The locking device comprises a lock 1, a body of the code blocking device 2, a shank 3 of the lock, a cam 4 of the shank of the lock, a pawl 5, a spring 6, a fixing pawl 7, a spring 8, a ratchet 9, a spiral spring 10, a fixing post 11, a ratchet cam 12, axles 13, lever 14, lever spring 15, lever cam 16, movable stop 17, guides 18, ratchet code dial cam 19.

The body of the code blocking device 2 is fixed on the rear wall of the lock body. The shank 3 of the lock is made elongated in the form of a plate protruding beyond the dimensions of the lock mechanism. On the end part of the lock shank, one after the other, away from the lock body to the end of the shank 3 of the lock, there are a cam 4 and a pawl 5, spring-loaded by a spring 6. The pawl 5 is located on the shank 3 of the lock with the possibility of its rotation around its axis, and the spring 6 tends to squeeze it away from the shank 3 locks. When moving the shank 3 of the lock, the pawl 5 has the ability to interact with the teeth of the ratchet 9.

On the body of the code blocking device 2, opposite the cam 4 and pawl 5 of the shank 3 of the lock, a locking pawl 7 with a spring 8 is located towards the end of the shank 3 of the lock, pressing one end of it to the cam 4 of the shank 3 of the lock, a ratchet 9 spring-loaded by a spiral spring 10, and also locking post 11. Locking dog 7 is located with the possibility of interacting with one of its ends with the Cam 4 of the shank 3 of the lock, and the other with the teeth of the ratchet 9. On the ratchet 9, instead of one of its teeth, there is a Cam 12. The locking post 11 is installed on the body of the code lock device 2 perpendicular to the plane of the ratchet 9 with the possibility of resting in it the Cam 12 of the ratchet 9.

The axles 13, on which the pawl 7, the ratchet 9 and the lever 14 are placed with the possibility of rotation around them, are located on the body of the code blocking device 2 perpendicular to the plane of the ratchet 9.

The lever 14 is located opposite the shank 3 of the lock, but on the opposite side of the ratchet 9. One end of the lever 14 is located on the axis 13 with the possibility of rotation around it, and the lever 14 itself is pressed against the ratchet 9 by the spring 15. In the middle part of the lever 14 there is a cam 16 located towards the ratchet 9, and the other end of the lever 14 is pivotally connected with the movable stop 17. The cam 16 is located on the lever 14 with the possibility of its interaction with the ratchet code dialing cam 19. The movable stop 17 has the ability to move along the guides 18 installed in the body of the code blocking device 2 perpendicular to the plane of the ratchet 9.

The locking device works as follows.

In the initial position, when the lock 1 is locked for four half-turns of the key (Fig. 1; 2), the cam 4, located on the shank 3 of the lock, presses one end of the locking pawl 7, compresses the spring 8 and moves the other end of the pawl 7 away from the ratchet 9, and the pawl 7 disengages from the teeth of the ratchet 9. The pawl 5 is outside the zone of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 9. The ratchet 9 is free from the influence of the pawls and under the influence of the helical spring 10 rotates on the axis 13 until it stops against the locking post 11 with the cam 12 of the ratchet. The lever 14 is pressed by the spring 15 towards the ratchet 9, and under its influence the movable stop 17 is lowered down and crosses the trajectory of the shank 3 of the lock. At the moment when the key in the lock is turned a part of a turn (Fig. 3), the shank 3 of the lock is in a position where the cam 4 no longer acts on the pawl 7, and one end of the latter, under the action of the spring 8, is pressed towards the shank 3 of the lock, and the other enters the engagement zone with the teeth of the ratchet 9. The pawl 5 also enters the engagement zone with the teeth of the ratchet 9. When the key is further turned, the normal operation of the ratchet mechanism occurs. When the key is turned in the lock for one half turn (Fig. 4), the shank 3 of the lock, moving and acting with the pawl 5 on the ratchet tooth 9, turns the latter by an angle that allows the pawl 7 to engage with the ratchet tooth 9. When the key is turned in the lock for two half turns (Fig. 5), the pawl 5 of the shank 3 of the lock, being engaged with the tooth of the ratchet 9, rotates it, and the pawl 7 engages with the next tooth of the ratchet 9. From this position, the first digit of the code can be dialed. To do this, you need to turn the key in the lock in the direction of locking the lock by one half-turn, that is, move the lock mechanism and the code blocking device to the position corresponding to one half-turn of the key (Fig. 4), and then, in the direction of unlocking the lock, also by one half-turn of the key ( Fig. 5). When this operation is performed several times, the ratchet 9 will turn by the corresponding number of teeth, which will correspond to a certain code number. When the shank 3 of the lock moves in the direction of locking the lock, the pawl 5 will be pressed by the tooth of the ratchet 9, pass through this tooth, and then engage with it.

The code number may be entered incorrectly. There may be a shortage of the code digit (Fig. 6). Then the code set cam 19 of the ratchet 9 will not reach the cam 16 of the lever 14. If the number is dialed more than necessary (Fig. 7), the code set cam 19 of the ratchet 9 will go further than the location of the cam 16 of the lever 14. In both cases, the lever 14 will not be raised by the set cam code 19 of ratchet 9, which corresponds to an incorrectly typed code digit, i.e. lock is not unlocked.

After completing the dialing of the first digit of the code, the key in the lock is turned a third half turn (Fig. 8). If in this position it is also desirable to dial the code (second digit), a second group of parts is needed, located, for example, on the opposite side of the lock shank.

If the code is entered incorrectly, it will be impossible to complete the fourth half-turn of the key (Fig. 8), since the movable stop 17 is in the lower position and crosses the trajectory of the shank 3 of the lock. When you try to make the fourth half-turn of the key from this position, the shank 3 of the lock will rest against the movable stop 17, which is in the lower position, and the lock will not open completely.

With a correctly dialed code, after the third half-turn of the key (Fig. 9), it is possible to make the fourth half-turn of the key to fully open the lock, since the code dialing cam 19 of the ratchet 9 interacts with the cam 16 of the lever 14, while raising the movable stop 17 above the shank 3 of the lock. This position of the movable stop 17 does not prevent the movement of the shank 3 of the lock during the last half-turn of the lock key in the direction of its opening.

After the fourth half-turn of the key (Fig. 10) the lock is fully open.

If the code is entered incorrectly, the attempt to open the locking device can be repeated. To do this, it is necessary to lock the lock on all half-turns of the key. The pawl 5, located on the shank 3 of the lock, will pass under the ratchet 9 and disengage from its teeth, and the cam 4 of the shank 3 of the lock will press the pawl 7 from the ratchet 9. The ratchet 9, not being in interaction with the dogs 5 and 7, under under the influence of the spiral spring 10 will rotate on the axis 13 until it stops with its cam 12 in the locking post 11. Thus, the ratchet 9 will be in its original position, and the movable stop 17, under the influence of the spring 15 on the lever 14, will cross the trajectory of the lock shank 3, blocking the possibility of its complete movement . The blocking device will return to its original position when the lock is locked with all half turns of the key, and the dialed code is reset.

Claims (1)

A locking device comprising a lock with a lock shank with crossbars located on it protruding outward from the rear wall of the lock, and a code blocking device, characterized in that the blocking of the lock shank is formed by at least one group of parts, including located on the back of the shank of the lock in the direction towards the end of the lock shank, sequentially a cam and a pawl, and located on the body of the code blocking device fixed on the back of the lock body, sequentially in the direction of movement of the lock shank when opening the lock, the locking pawl, ratchet and movable stop, as well as located on the body of the code blocking device opposite the lock shank, but on the opposite side of the ratchet, the lever, moreover, the pawls, the ratchet and the lever are spring-loaded and located on axes perpendicular to the ratchet plane, with the possibility of rotation around them, while the pawl located on the lock shank has the ability to mutually interact with the teeth of the ratchet, and its head is directed towards the end of the lock shank, and the locking pawl has the ability to interact with the cam of the lock shank and with the teeth of the ratchet, in addition, on the body of the code blocking device, between the movable stop and the ratchet, there is a locking post installed perpendicular to the plane of the ratchet and intersecting the plane of the ratchet, and on the ratchet, instead of one of its teeth, a cam is made with the possibility of its abutment against the fixing post, while in place of the other tooth, a cam is made with the possibility of interacting with the lever cam facing the ratchet and located on the lever, while one end of the lever is located on the axis of rotation, located on the side of the lock, and the other is turned towards the end of the body of the code blocking device and is pivotally connected with a movable stop, which can move along the guides across the trajectory of the lock shank and with the possibility of interacting with lock shank.

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