RU2778689C1 - Method for magnetic cryptography and a device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: magnetic cryptography.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to magnetic cryptography. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the target digital information is applied to the cryptographic carrier and the decryption of this information is performed, the cryptographic carrier is a binary magnetic cryptogram, which is formed by magnetic recording using a magnetic pixel method for encrypted target information on the initial blank, made in the form of a flat plate of non-magnetic material equipped with discrete magnetic elements with high coercive ability, and to decrypt the target information, a matrix magnetic scanner is used.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of unambiguous reading and interpretation of information previously recorded and encrypted on a thin-film or plate blank covered with a thin-layer magnetically sensitive layer.

15 cl, 11 dwg

Description

Technical field

The claimed invention relates to the field of data protection and can be used in banking and logistics infrastructure systems, in the field of trade and transport communications, as well as in relation to encryption and protection of traffic channels and movement of confidential information and cargo provided with such information.

State of the art

From the prior art systems of graphic coding and visual recognition of strip bar and sector binary markers (barcode, matrix code, QR code) are well known, for reading which automatic light readers of information are used. Thanks to digital coding, known systems have a sufficiently high level of reliability of recognition and confirmation of the cryptocode of the signal. However, a common negative quality of the known systems is the presence of visual (light) recognition based on a graphic information coding system. Graphic code can be easily rubbed off, defaced, or painted over when a permanent dye is used. After such processing, reliable decoding of information is quite problematic. In addition, a line or sector pattern placed in an open area intended for confidential operations can be easily recognized and decrypted by unauthorized third parties.

Known from the prior art is a "barcode for marking pipes of main pipelines and objects located in hard-to-reach places" according to patent No. RU 2699874 C1. The publication discloses a method for creating and reading protected data on the state of objects located in hard-to-reach places.

The invention allows for a long time to save information about the state of a hard-to-reach object, but does not allow them to be quickly read at an arbitrary point in time. In addition, in order to quickly determine the information, quick access to the data encryption method is required, which also seems to be very difficult.

Also known from the prior art is a method for encoding and/or marking individual products with data characterizing the products, for example, the value of the product and/or the type of goods constituting the product, and a device for reading a magnetic mark when implementing the method, according to which each product is applied a magnetic tag or marker having a predetermined arrangement of magnetic zones unique to a given product or to a given product and other products having a similar characteristic, such as the value of the product and/or the type of goods constituting the product, wherein the magnetic tag or marker is susceptible to being polled for generation a response indicating the magnetic properties of the marker or tag and therefore indicating the kind of product on which the marker or tag is located. A known device for reading a magnetic mark contains a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular matrix around the gap through which the mark to be read passes, and the poles of the permanent magnets are arranged so that each of the magnets has its own pole of one polarity, for example, a north one, located on the inner side of the annular matrix, and the pole of opposite polarity, for example, south, is located on the outer side of the annular matrix, and a coil located coaxially with the annular matrix near the permanent magnets (RF patent No. 2145722 "Spatial magnetic interrogation").

The disadvantages of the technical nature of this device include the complexity of its manufacture, caused by the need to maintain the constancy of the gaps and precise positional alignment of the magnets in the axial solution of the topology of the product. In addition, this device is characterized by a high specificity of fit to ensure operability, which entails high costs for development, manufacture and operation in a small production run.

Also known from the prior art are devices that are readers of cryptographic labels (RF patent No. 182969, RF patent No. 186038). These devices develop the functionality of a smartphone and a modem, respectively, by introducing the function of reading cryptographic labels for smart cards and similar devices implemented in the NFC wireless technology used, according to the ISO 14443 standard, for short-range radio communication at frequencies close to 13.56 MHz with a width bandwidth is almost 2 MHz. In this case, the working distance between the devices for receiving and transmitting a signal should not exceed 10 cm. Known solutions use the concept of "cryptographic tag" in the sense of an NFC tag with a cryptoprocessor. The main purpose of these solutions is to be able to read and transmit an encrypted QR code through available mobile/telephone communication channels. Since signal transmission in this standard is carried out over an open channel at radio frequencies, then, having only the original and counter encodings automatically transmitted by a standard portable commercial device, signal protection is rather a kind of convention that can be eliminated by a simple enumeration of options. The random number generator used is actually not such (a random number generator simulator is implemented), which can be used and is actively used by scammers and intruders. Thus, the known solutions do not achieve the main goal of encryption - data protection. From the experience of operating such devices, it is known that the theft of funds when transferring data from smart cards and devices operating in this standard is quite possible and has already taken place.

The device disclosed in utility model No. 182969, as well as the method of its operation, were chosen as a prototype.

The technical problem solved in the proposed invention is to ensure the need for stable transmission and the possibility of unambiguous recognition of an encrypted cryptogram without distortion, in the most secure form that does not allow false interpretations.

Brief summary of the invention

The technical result achieved by using the claimed invention is to enable unambiguous reading and interpretation of information previously recorded and encrypted on a thin-film or plate blank coated with a thin-layer magnetically sensitive layer. EFFECT: invention improves reliability of magnetic cryptogram recognition.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of magnetic cryptography, which includes applying the target digital information to the crypto-carrier and decrypting the specified information, according to the technical solution, the crypto-carrier is a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram, which is formed by magnetic recording of the encrypted target information by the magnetic pixel method on the original workpiece, made in the form of a flat plate of non-magnetic material, equipped with discrete magnetic elements with high coercivity, and to decipher the target information, a matrix magnetic scanner is used, which provides unambiguous interpretation and interpretation of the read target information. The initial blank of the carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram can be made in the form of a rectangular matrix of size m × n, where m and n are natural numbers, m is from 1 to n, n is at least 2, or in the form of a sector of a circle with a polar angle F and a radius R labeled using the following coordinates: the current polar angle coordinate f and the current radius r, or as a full circle of radius R labeled using the following coordinates: the current polar angle coordinate f and the current radius r. The claimed technical result is also achieved by a device by means of which the method according to claim 1 described above can be implemented, while the device consists of a binary magnetic cryptogram carrier, a device for initial recording of encoded information on the initial blank of the binary magnetic cryptogram carrier - an encoder and a reading matrix magnetic scanner , recruited from M×N individual integrated magnetic field sensors, which makes it possible to unambiguously interpret and interpret the collectively read target information. The device for the initial recording of information - the encoder performs it on the original workpiece coordinately using induced strong electromagnetic fields. The initial blank of the binary magnetic cryptogram carrier is made in the form of a matrix element, on which thin-layer discrete permanent magnets are deposited or marked. The reading matrix magnetic scanner can be a plate on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed, consisting of a finite number (M × N) of individual integrated sensors of giant magnetic resistance or a finite number (M × N) of individual integrated sensors based on the Hall effect, or a finite a number (M×N) of individual integrated tunnel magnetic field sensors, or a finite number (M×N) of individual integrated anisotropic magnetoresistance sensors. The technical result is also achieved by using the described device according to claim 8 or 9 of the claims, which implements the magnetic cryptography method according to claim 1 for visualizing and detecting structural defects in ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic elements of various building, electronic, engineering structures and devices, or for visualizing and detecting magnetic inhomogeneities of body parts of living organisms in order to prevent the early stages of various diseases, in particular, cancer, or to detect violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses that accompany blood flow in a living organism, or to identify violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses that accompany the nervous and brain activity of a living organism.

The proposed invention is based on the use of a flat sheet or plate of non-magnetic material as a crypto-carrier (crypto-card) with a magnetic material with high coercivity deposited on its surface using a special device - an encoder (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0 %9A%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81 %D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0) in the form of discrete sections, from which a magnetic binary word (in the case of one-dimensional coding) or a magnetic two-dimensional matrix (in the case of two-dimensional coding) is formed by magnetic recording - hereinafter referred to as the "cryptogram". The reading of the specified magnetic structure is carried out using a separate reader - a scanner, which is a flat plate on which a reading integral cryptographic matrix is formed, assembled from a finite number of sensitive elements (primary magnetic field converters - sensors) that perceive a pattern of magnetic field intensity geometrically distributed over a flat surface. fields, which makes it possible to unambiguously recognize the recorded magnetic binary word or a two-dimensional magnetic matrix (cryptogram).

Brief description of the drawings

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following images, where

in fig. 1 shows the specification of a one-dimensional strip (barcode) code, defined by the Interstate standard GOST ISO / IEC 15420-2010 Automatic identification / BAR CODING / EAN / UPC bar code symbology specification (ISO / IEC 15420: 2009 Information technology - Automatic identification and data capture techniques - EAN / UPC bar code symbology specification (IDT)): a) shortened encoding, b) extended (full) encoding;

in fig. Figure 2 shows three interpretations of a two-dimensional matrix code that allows you to encrypt a significant amount of information: a) Data Matrix code, b) PDF417 code - an earlier version of the matrix code, c) a variant of the matrix code Aztec type Barcode;

in fig. Figure 3 shows three forms of interpretation of the currently most common matrix code - QR code: a) a shortened form of a QR code, b) a standard (common) form of a QR code, c) an extended (full) form of a QR code;

in fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the essence of the invention: 1 - blank cryptocard, 2 - magnetic encoder, 3 - finished cryptocard, 4 - magnetic matrix scanner;

in fig. Figure 5 shows variants of the geometric implementation of the shape of the blank of the carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram: a) in the form of a rectangular matrix of size M × N, where M and N are natural numbers, M is from 1 to N, N is at least 2, b) in the form of a sector of a circle with polar angle F and radius R, labeled using the following coordinates: current polar angular coordinate f and current radius r, c) in the form of a full circle of radius R, labeled using the following coordinates: current polar angular coordinate f and current radius r;

in fig. 6 shows the principle of electromagnetic initiation of magnetically sensitive elements (bits, pixels) of a crypto carrier - a crypto card, implemented in a magnetic encoder;

in fig. 7 shows the differences between perpendicular (a) and longitudinal (b) types of recording magnetic data on a crypto carrier;

in fig. 8 shows the implementation of a single integrated magnetic scanner sensor in the form of a single sensitive element with axial magnetic anisotropy;

in fig. Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a giant magnetic resistance (GMR) sensor: a protective sublayer of tantalum (Ta), a ferromagnet sublayer - permalloy (NiFe), an intermediate separator layer - copper (Cu), the second a ferromagnet layer - permalloy (NiFe), an antiferromagnet layer - iridium-manganese (IrMn) and an upper protective layer of tantalum (Ta). Copper current-carrying tracks (not shown in the figure) were sprayed on top of the resulting sandwich;

in fig. 10 shows the implementation of a single integrated magnetic scanner sensor in the form of three sensitive elements with axial magnetic anisotropy;

in fig. Figure 11 shows the implementation of a single integrated magnetic sensor of the scanner in the form of four sensitive elements without axial magnetic anisotropy: a) “bug” configuration, b) “diamond” configuration.

The positions in the figures are:

1. Initial workpiece,

2. Encoder device,

3. Ready crypto map,

4. Magnetic scanner,

5. Read current,

6. Write current,

7. Reading head (GMR sensor),

8. Track,

9. Screen,

10. Magnetization,

11. Soft underlayer,

12. Inductive recording head,

13. Recordable layer.

In particular, in FIG. 4, position 1 shows the initial blank for a magnetic cryptocard, inserted into the groove of a special device 2 - an encoder, in which, by means of electromagnetic induction, an induced constant magnetic field is created in the individual information bits (pixels) of the cryptocard, forming a cryptogram. Position 3 shows a finished cryptocard with a printed magnetic word or cryptogram, externally indistinguishable from the original blank shown in position 1. Reading and decoding of a magnetic information cryptogram can only be carried out using a special device - a matrix magnetic scanner, shown in position 4. With the help of integrated magnetic field sensors placed on the working surface (bottom) of the scanner 4, it is possible to perceive bits (pixels) of magnetic information recorded on the cryptocard and its correct interpretation.

Implementation of the invention

The inventive method is implemented as follows.

A carrier of a magnetic cryptogram is preliminarily formed, for which an initial blank is used, on which the encrypted target information is applied. The initial blank of a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram can be made in the form of a flat plate of a given size from an organic (for example, cardboard, thick paper, plastic) or inorganic (aluminum, silicon, etc.) non-magnetic material, on the surface of which are applied (for example, pasted, stamped) , extruded) thin-layer (thickness from 100 nm to 0.5 mm) discrete ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) elements (information bits, pixels) with high coercivity (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A% D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0% B8%D0%BB%D0%B0). The sizes of bits and the maximum density of their application are dictated by the conditions of stability of the information state (thermal, electromagnetic) in relation to external influences (superparamagnetic stability), as well as the technological possibility of applying bits, writing and reading information. Depending on the real need and technological capabilities, bits (pixels) can have sizes from tens of microns to units of millimeters.

To increase the reliability of information during application and reading, it is desirable that the workpiece plate before and after application of the cryptocode retains geometric rigidity. In this case, the maximum probability of error-free reading of encrypted information using a matrix scanner is achieved. It is also advisable, after applying the cryptocode to the workpiece, to close the area occupied by the cryptogram with a protective coating or film made of a material with high magnetic permeability (lacquer, paint, paper, plastic). As bits (pixels), which are carriers of magnetic intensity, it is advisable to use thin plates made of ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) material. For example, such plates can be easily obtained from a ferromagnetic foil or cut from a magnetic tape, which is a layer of ferromagnetic powder deposited on a polymer film. The specific material used as a carrier of bits (pixels) of the magnetic cryptocode depends on the technology for implementing the present invention. Here, for example, iron with high coercivity, permalloys, ferrites, fine and ultradispersed systems, including transition metal oxides, reduced carbonyl powders on an organic binder, and so on, are suitable.

The shape of the original workpiece can be very diverse.

For example, the initial workpiece can be made in the form:

- a rectangular matrix of size M×N, where M and N are natural numbers, M is from 1 to N, N is not less than 2 (see Fig. 5, a);

- sector of a circle with polar angle F and radius R marked using the following coordinates: current polar angular coordinate f and current radius r (see Fig. 5, b);

- a full circle of radius R marked out using the following coordinates: the current polar angular coordinate f and the current radius r (see Fig. 5, c).

On such an initial workpiece, using a special encoder, the target information (cryptogram) encrypted by a special algorithm is initially recorded, for example, (for the square matrix variant, (see Fig. 5, a) with M=N):

The following information coding systems and standards can be used: e.g. ASCII, ISO 8859-1, ISO/IEC 16022, ISO/IEC 15418:1999, ISO/IEC 15434:1999, ISO/IEC 15415.

Data Matrix: DataMatrix symbols are made up of modules located within the search pattern. They can encode up to 3116 ASCII table codes (including redundant information). A symbol consists of data areas that contain units in a periodic array. Each data area is limited by a search pattern and surrounded on all four sides by the boundaries of the free zone (note: the modules can be square (see Fig. 5, a) with M=N or round (see Fig. 5, c), a specific shape is standard not fixed). To date, Data Matrix is described by the ISO standard, International Symbology Specification, Data Matrix, and is in the public domain for many uses, which means that the format can be used freely and without any royalties.

Below are the Russian standards governing the use of information technology.

GOST R 56042-2014 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION STANDARDS OF FINANCIAL OPERATIONS

GOST R ISO/IEC 15415-2012 Information technology. Technologies for automatic identification and data collection. Specification for testing bar code symbols for evaluating print quality. 2D symbols

GOST R ISO/IEC 16022-2008 Automatic identification. Bar coding. Data Matrix symbology specification GOST R ISO/IEC 19762-1-2011 Information technology. Technologies of automatic identification and data collection (AISD).

GOST R ISO/IEC 19762-2-2011 Information technology.

GOST R ISO/IEC 24778-2010 Information technology.

Aztec Code barcode symbology specification.

The electromagnetic encoder (see Fig. 6) by means of magnetic recording by the magnetic pixel method inflicts a certain sequence of the binary state of magnetization (initiation) of micromagnets (bits, pixels), as a result of which a magnetic binary word is formed (in the case of one-dimensional coding) or a magnetic two-dimensional matrix ( in the case of two-dimensional coding) - further the cryptogram. One high-performance encoder is capable of applying hundreds of thousands and even millions of cryptotags (cryptograms) to magnetic blanks in a short time. The matrix structure of two-dimensional cryptography makes it possible to uniquely encode information in two dimensions, due to which the amount of encoded data is significantly increased compared to one-dimensional encoding. An important advantage of all matrix codes is the ability to encode a large amount of information in a very small area.

As a key element of the encoder, an electromagnetic head can be used, which makes it possible to magnetize the necessary bits (pixels) of the original matrix blank. Depending on the orientation of the electromagnetic head, either a perpendicular (see Fig. 7, a) or longitudinal (see Fig. 7, b) recording can be obtained. As a result, a cryptogram containing the encoded target information is obtained. This information is closed to visual readers to avoid loss of information. However, a magnetic reader (scanner) carried directly over a magnetic storage medium at a short distance, which ensures the perception of a magnetic signal from matrix marks (on the order of one or several millimeters), makes it possible to obtain a reliable (linear or two-dimensional, depending on the type of application) magnetic image, which, when encoded, will make it possible to unambiguously recognize the encrypted binary signal.

To successfully decode the encrypted target information recorded with a magnetic cryptocode, a magnetic matrix scanner is used, which is a plate made of organic (plastic) or inorganic (for example, silicon) material, on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed (assembled), consisting of a finite number of sensitive elements ( primary converters of the magnetic field - sensors), perceiving the strength of the magnetic field, which allows you to unambiguously recognize the recorded magnetic binary word or two-dimensional matrix (cryptogram). As sensitive magnetic elements (magnetic field sensors), devices known from the prior art, such as Hall sensors, various spin valve structures, magnetoresistive tunnel sensors, GMR sensors (giant magnetoresistance), and others, can generally be used. GMS and magnetoresistive sensors are the most preferable, because they have lower coercivity values and allow the use of much higher recharge frequencies, and also have a higher frequency response time, up to hundreds of kHz.

Each integrated magnetic field sensor is essentially a micropixel that receives quanta (bits) of a common magnetic cryptogram. The signals from the sensors are transmitted to a specialized microprocessor. By repeatedly interrogating all the magnetic sensors of the scanner matrix in turn according to a given algorithm, similar to a television one, a dynamic picture is formed in the scanner decoder, which has at least an order of magnitude higher density than the original cryptogram. This is ensured by the fact that due to the difference in linear dimensions, the resolution of the reading element (bit) must be at least 4 times higher than the linear size of the element (bit, pixel) of the magnetic word of the cryptogram carrier.

Thus, the reading of the information encoded by the magnetic cryptogram and its multiple (determined by the frequency of the microprocessor and the information bus used by the scanner) verification is carried out. Information decoded using a specialized microprocessor is either displayed on the scanner display or transmits a corresponding signal to an actuating device.

Such a magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic diagnostics of various ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) elements of technological, building, electronic and other devices and structures, which can be implemented by studying the structural inhomogeneity of magnetic fields.

The proposed magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic magnetic diagnostics of living organisms and humans for the development of oncological formations of the brain or diseases of various parts of the body and internal organs.

A magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic magnetic diagnostics of living organisms and humans in order to detect disturbances in the dynamics of magnetic impulses accompanying blood flow in a living organism.

A magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic magnetic diagnostics of living organisms and humans in order to detect disturbances in the dynamics of magnetic impulses accompanying the nervous and brain activity of a living organism.

Also, a device for implementing the proposed method is proposed, which, according to the application, consists of a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram, a device for initial recording of encoded information on an initial workpiece - an encoder and a reading matrix magnetic scanner, recruited from M × N (where M and N are natural numbers ) individual integrated magnetic field sensors, which makes it possible to unambiguously interpret and interpret the collectively read target information.

Also, according to the application, the device for the initial recording of information - the encoder performs it on the original workpiece coordinately using induced strong electromagnetic fields.

In addition, according to the invention, the following method of using the proposed device is possible, consisting in the fact that it is used to visualize and detect structural defects in ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) elements of various building, electronic, engineering structures and devices. Irregularities of magnetic fields detected by a magnetic scanner in structural elements made of ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) materials can become a source of hazardous voltage concentration that can disable them.

In addition, according to the application, the following method of using the proposed device is possible, consisting in the fact that it is used to visualize and detect magnetic inhomogeneities of body parts of living organisms in order to prevent the early stages of various diseases, in particular, cancer. The principle of operation of the scanner in this case is based on the dynamics of diagnosed weak magnetic fields accompanying impulses of the coronary, vascular and nervous systems, brain activity, etc.

The tasks of logistics, trade, provision of banking and control operations for access and recognition of objects require a quick and unambiguous response and timely execution. With a sufficient number of encryption techniques, it will not be difficult to adapt them to ensure the functionality of any operational infrastructure equipped with magnetic recognition scanners. One single cryptogram encoder is capable of applying hundreds of thousands and even millions of cryptotags to magnetic blanks in a short time. Further, information can be purposefully delivered to address objects and wait for recipients equipped with magnetic label scanners.

Here there is an almost complete analogy with the optical recognition of a binary graphic pattern of a matrix code or a more modern QR code, and the resolution of the reading element must be at least 4 times higher than the linear size of the element (letter) of the magnetic word of the carrier. Only in this case is it possible to reliably identify the magnetic code recorded in the matrix.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the use of bar coding is subject to the requirements set forth in the Interstate Standard GOST ISO / IEC 15420-2010 Automatic identification / BAR CODING / EAN / UPC bar code symbology specification (ISO / IEC 15420: 2009 Information technology - Automatic identification and data capture techniques - EAN/UPC bar code symbology specification (IDT)), (see Fig. 1, a and b).

When using the matrix (two-dimensional) interpretation of the present invention, it is possible to fully use the existing types of encoding matrix information, for example, in the form of Data Matrix matrix codes (see Fig. 2, a), PDF417 code (see Fig. 2, b), type barcode Aztec (see Fig. 2c) or QR code (see Fig. 3). In this case, there is no need to invent new types of encoding, which may be required in the case of using shapes and configurations other than a rectangular (square) matrix.

The matrix structure of two-dimensional cryptography makes it possible to uniquely encode information in two dimensions, due to which the amount of encoded data is significantly increased compared to one-dimensional encoding. An important advantage of all matrix codes is the ability to encode a large amount of information in a very small area. The proposed magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic magnetic diagnostics of various ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) elements of technological, building, electronic and other structures, which can be implemented by studying the structural inhomogeneities of magnetic fields.

The proposed magnetically sensitive matrix can also be used as an element of dynamic magnetic diagnostics of living organisms and humans for the development of oncological formations of the brain or diseases of various parts of the body and internal organs.

Examples of implementation of the invention.

Example 1. In order to initially implement the ideas proposed in the present invention, the following test components were made: 1) prototypes of a cryptocard from an aluminum plate, fiberglass, polystyrene and polypropylene, 2) a prototype of a magnetic encoder equipped with a coordinate electromagnetic head for induction initiation of a constant magnetic field in bits (pixels) of a cryptomap blank, 3) a prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors are assembled on a single-crystal silicon plate, implemented on the element base of existing Hall sensors and assembled according to the Wheatstone bridge scheme.

Example 2. Prototypes of cryptocards made of aluminum plate, fiberglass, polystyrene and polypropylene were investigated. As magnetic elements (bits, pixels), nickel foil, pieces of ferrite, cutting of an old used tape were used. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1) the aluminum billet has the maximum values of rigidity and mass; 2) cryptocard blanks made of polypropylene require special machining to increase the adhesive adhesion of magnetic bits (pixels) to the surface; 3) blanks made of fiberglass and polystyrene turned out to be the most successful due to the convenience of attaching magnetic bits (pixels) to the surface with glue; 4) the tape is poorly magnetized (possibly due to the age of the ferromagnetic material); 5) nickel foil and pieces of ferrite are satisfactorily magnetized and retain a magnetic field for a long time; 6) in the manufacture of magnetic bits (pixels) from ferrite, shaping difficulties arise due to the fragility of the material; 7) Nickel foil showed the maximum applicability as information cells (bits, pixels) among the materials listed above.

Example 3. A prototype of an encoder equipped with a coordinate electromagnetic head for induction initiation of a constant magnetic field in bits (pixels) of a cryptomap blank was investigated (see Fig. 4, position 1). When inducing a constant magnetic field in bits (pixels) made of nickel and ferrite, no significant differences were found. The bit sizes were 3×3 mm in both cases. Attempts to induce a stable magnetic field on bits made from old tape ended in failure.

Example 4. A prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner was investigated, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors were assembled on a thin square plate of 50 × 50 mm in size from single-crystal silicon, implemented on the element base of commercially available industrial sensors based on the Hall effect and assembled according to the scheme of Wheatstone bridges. The cell size of each bit of a single integral element (see Fig. 8), which forms a magnetically sensitive matrix, was 7 × 7 mm, which, of course, is not enough for a real prototype, but is quite acceptable for confirming the operability of the general principle of the method proposed in the invention. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the assembled device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 5. From an empty flat polystyrene blank of rectangular shape 50 × 50 mm in size, a matrix blank was made for a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram 4 × 4 bits (pixels) by gluing squares with a side of 10 mm cut from nickel foil with a thickness of 0 using dichloroethane glue. .3 mm (see Fig. 5, a). Then, electromagnetic induction initiation (see Fig. 6) of individual bits (pixels) of the cryptomap was selectively coordinated using a solenoid according to the scheme of perpendicular data recording (see Fig. 7, a). As a result of the study of the magnetic cryptogram using a magnetic field scanner (see Example 4), confirmation was obtained of the presence of sources of a constant magnetic field in positions corresponding to initiation. The location of the magnetic fields in the bits was perpendicular (see Fig. 7a).

Example 6. Similar to Example 5, the initial blank for the carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram was made in the form of a sector of a circle with a polar angle F=90° and a radius R=70 mm, marked using the following coordinates: the current polar angular coordinate f and the current radius r. In sectors with radii of 0-1, 2-3, 4-5 and 6-7 cm, respectively, areas were marked with one, three, four and six pixels, respectively (see Fig. 5, b). Next, 14 bits cut out of nickel foil were glued onto them. Then, electromagnetic induction induction of individual bits (pixels) of the cryptomap was selectively coordinated using a solenoid according to the scheme (see Fig. 6). As a result of the study of the magnetic cryptogram using a magnetic field scanner (see Example 4), confirmation was obtained of the presence of sources of a constant magnetic field in positions corresponding to initiation. The location of the magnetic fields in the bits was perpendicular (see Fig. 7a).

Example 7. Similar to Examples 5 and 6, the initial workpiece for the carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram was made in the form of a full circle with a radius R = 50 mm, marked using the following coordinates: the current polar angular coordinate f and the current radius r (see Fig. 5, c) . In sectors with radii, respectively, 0-1, 2-3 and 4-5 cm, areas were marked out for one, two and three pixels per quadrant, respectively, or one, eight and twelve pixels per full circle. Next, 21 bits cut out of nickel foil were glued onto them. Then, electromagnetic induction induction of individual bits (pixels) of the cryptomap was selectively coordinated using a solenoid according to the scheme (see Fig. 6). As a result of the study of the magnetic cryptogram using a magnetic field scanner (see Example 4), confirmation was obtained of the presence of sources of a constant magnetic field in positions corresponding to initiation. The location of the magnetic fields in the bits was perpendicular (see Fig. 7a).

Example 8. From an empty flat rectangular polystyrene blank 50×50 mm in size (similar to Example 5), a matrix blank was made for a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram 4×4 bits (pixels) by gluing squares with a side of 10 mm made using dichloroethane glue onto it. from ferrite 0.5 mm thick (see Fig. 5, a). Then, electromagnetic induction initiation (see Fig. 6) of individual bits (pixels) of the cryptomap was selectively coordinated using a solenoid according to the scheme of longitudinal data recording (see Fig. 7, b). As a result of the study of the magnetic cryptogram using a magnetic field scanner (see Example 4), confirmation was obtained of the presence of sources of a constant magnetic field in positions corresponding to initiation. The location of the magnetic fields in the bits was longitudinal (see Fig. 7b).

Example 9. Similar to Example 4, a prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner was investigated, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors were assembled on a thin square plate measuring 50 × 50 mm from single-crystal silicon, implemented on their own element base of individual integrated sensors of a giant magnetic field. resistance and assembled according to the scheme of Wheatstone bridges. Each individual sensor was a multilayer sandwich structure deposited by magnetron sputtering through a stainless steel conductor mask onto the surface of a single-crystal silicon (Si) substrate-substrate (see Fig. 9). The sequence of layers was as follows: a protective sublayer of tantalum (Ta), a ferromagnet sublayer - permalloy (NiFe), an intermediate separator layer - copper (Cu), a second ferromagnet layer - permalloy (NiFe), an antiferromagnet layer - iridium-manganese (IrMn) and an upper protective tantalum (Ta) layer. Copper current-carrying tracks were sprayed on top of the resulting sandwich and the circuit was soldered. The cell size of each bit of the integral element forming the matrix was 7×7 mm, which is quite acceptable for confirming the efficiency of the general principle of the proposed method. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the assembled device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 10. Similarly to Examples 4 and 9, a prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner was investigated, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors were assembled on a thin square plate measuring 50 × 50 mm from single-crystal silicon, implemented on their own element base of individual integrated sensors giant magnetic resistance and assembled according to the scheme of Wheatstone bridges. Each single integrated sensor was implemented in the form of three sensitive elements with axial magnetic anisotropy (see Fig. 10, a, b). Of these, each single sensor, as in Example 9, was a multilayer sandwich structure deposited by magnetron sputtering through a stainless steel conductor mask on the surface of a single-crystal silicon (Si) substrate substrate (see Fig. 9). The difference between the variants consisted in the presence of a reinforcement of one of the arms of the Wheatstone bridge, which made it possible to compensate for the deformation of magnetic fields caused by anisotropy. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the assembled device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 11. The disadvantages caused by magnetic anisotropy, as in Examples 9 and 10, are deprived of sensors implemented in the form of four sensitive elements without axial magnetic anisotropy (see Fig. 11). In this case, the interference of magnetic fields can be compensated by the absence of anisotropy axes, both in case (a) - the "bug" configuration, and in case (b) - the "diamond" configuration. However, the complication of the circuit entails the possibility of reducing the reliability of operation and increasing the dimensions of the product. Nevertheless, it can be hoped that in the case of using robotics in the manufacture of elements of the proposed device, the degree of miniaturization will increase significantly. This means that in the future the resolution of the device will increase with an overall increase in operational reliability. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 12. Similarly to Examples 4 and 9, a prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner was investigated, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors were assembled on a thin square plate measuring 50 × 50 mm from single-crystal silicon, implemented on the element base of commercially available industrial tunnel sensors of the magnetic field and assembled according to the scheme of Wheatstone bridges. The cell size of each bit of the integral element forming the matrix was 7×7 mm, which is acceptable for confirming the efficiency of the general principle of the proposed method. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the assembled device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 13. Similar to Examples 4, 9 and 10, a prototype of a magnetic matrix scanner was investigated, in which 5 × 5 (25) integral magnetic field sensors were assembled on a thin square plate measuring 50 × 50 mm from single-crystal silicon, implemented on the element base available in sale of individual integrated sensors of anisotropic magnetoresistance and assembled according to the scheme of Wheatstone bridges. The cell size of each bit of the integral element forming the matrix was 7×7 mm, which is acceptable for confirming the efficiency of the general principle of the proposed method. After adjusting the individual elements of the circuit, the magnetometric stability of the assembled device and the possibility of distinguishing discrete magnetic signals from various sources of a constant magnetic field were confirmed.

Example 14. The prototype of the matrix magnetic scanner (see Example 9) was used for attempts to visualize and study for the presence of structural defects in the ferromagnetic elements of the engineering structure, namely: in the supporting frame of the hoisting and transport mechanism (crane-beam). This attempt was due to the presence of a thick layer of paintwork material applied to the surface accessible to the study. Since no other methods for studying structural inhomogeneities were proposed, we decided to try our proposed method of testing the structure. After analyzing the visualized magnetic structure, a region of magnetic inhomogeneity was found. After unloading and disassembling the unit under study, a crack was found under the layer of the removed coating, which, under the conditions of subsequent loading of the structure, could lead to its destruction, accident or other abnormal development of the situation.

Example 15 While examining a prototype magnetic array scanner (see Example 9), a woman complained of regular headaches. A study of the woman's head was carried out for the uniformity of magnetic patterns and inhomogeneities. As a result of deciphering the magnetometric information obtained using a prototype of a matrix magnetic scanner, the presence of rather large objects was visually manifested, which were absent in similar studies of other persons. The woman was asked to go to the oncology clinic (N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology) and conduct a detailed examination for the presence of neoplasms in the brain. Unfortunately, the diagnosis was confirmed: a malignant tumor developed in the brain, which had already reached a significant size (about 20 mm). Thus, the magnetic scanner makes it possible to carry out a fairly simple and early diagnosis of oncological objects. The proposed method is applicable for visualization and detection of magnetic inhomogeneities of body parts of living organisms in order to prevent the early stages of various diseases, in particular, cancer.

Example 16. Based on the results of the studies set forth in Example 15, the inventors applied to the Regional Vascular Center of the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov by offering to participate in a series of exploratory interdisciplinary works devoted to the study of the prevention of disorders of the human circulatory system. As a result of the work carried out, it was confirmed that the proposed device can be successfully used to detect violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses that accompany blood flow in a living organism.

Example 17. Based on the results of the studies set forth in Examples 15 and 16, the inventors, together with the team of the Regional Vascular Center of the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov took part in a series of exploratory interdisciplinary works devoted to the study of the prevention of disorders of the human nervous and brain systems. As a result of the work carried out, it was confirmed that the proposed device can be successfully used to detect violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses that accompany the nervous and brain activity of a living organism.

Claims (15)

1. The method of magnetic cryptography, which includes applying target digital information to a cryptographic carrier and decrypting said information, characterized in that the crypto carrier is a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram, which is formed by magnetically recording encrypted target information by a magnetic pixel method on an initial workpiece made in the form of a flat plate from a non-magnetic material equipped with discrete magnetic elements with a high coercivity, and for decoding the target information, a matrix magnetic scanner is used, which provides an unambiguous interpretation and interpretation of the read target information. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial blank of the carrier of the binary magnetic cryptogram is made in the form of a rectangular matrix m × n in size, where m and n are natural numbers, m is from 1 to n, n is not less than 2. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial blank of the carrier of the binary magnetic cryptogram is made in the form of a sector of a circle with a polar angle F and a radius R, marked using the following coordinates: the current polar angular coordinate f and the current radius r. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial blank of the binary magnetic cryptogram carrier is made in the form of a full circle of radius R, marked using the following coordinates: the current polar angular coordinate f and the current radius r. 5. A device for implementing the method according to claim 1, consisting of a carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram, a device for initial recording of encoded information on the initial blank of the carrier of a binary magnetic cryptogram - an encoder and a reading matrix magnetic scanner, assembled from M × N individual integrated magnetic field sensors, allowing unambiguously interpret and interpret the collectively read target information. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the device for the initial recording of information - the encoder - carries it out on the original workpiece coordinately using induced strong electromagnetic fields. 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the initial blank of the binary magnetic cryptogram carrier is made in the form of a matrix element, on which thin-layer discrete permanent magnets are applied or marked. 8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the reading matrix magnetic scanner is a plate on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed, consisting of a finite number (M × N) of individual integrated giant magnetic resistance sensors. 9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the reading matrix magnetic scanner is a plate on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed, consisting of a finite number (M × N) of individual integrated sensors based on the Hall effect. 10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the reading matrix magnetic scanner is a plate on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed, consisting of a finite number (M × N) of individual integrated tunnel magnetic field sensors. 11. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the reading matrix magnetic scanner is a plate on which an integral cryptographic matrix is formed, consisting of a finite number (M×N) of individual integrated anisotropic magnetoresistance sensors. 12. Use of the device according to claim 8 or 9 for visualization and detection of structural defects in ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic elements of various building, electronic, engineering structures and devices. 13. The use of the device according to claim 5 for visualization and detection of magnetic inhomogeneities of body parts of living organisms in order to prevent the early stages of various diseases, in particular oncological ones. 14. The use of the device according to claim 5 to detect violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses that accompany blood flow in a living organism. 15. The use of the device according to claim 5 to detect violations of the dynamics of magnetic impulses accompanying the nervous and brain activity of a living organism.

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