RU2778597C1 - Marine power supply system for surveillance equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: alternative energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of alternative energy, using solar and wind energy to generate electricity and subsequent generation and storage of compressed air as an energy source that provides electricity replenishment during calm and lack of sunlight. The marine power supply system for surveillance facilities contains a solar battery located on a pyramidal tower of a floating platform. Above the solar battery there are means of observation of hydrometeorological, navigation and hydrographic support, units of the GLONASS system, units of the communication system and the settlement and control system. The settlement and control system monitors the performance of all systems, manages them, collects and processes information from detection tools and transmits this information. Below is an electric generator with blades on a shaft located vertically and directed downward between the tower supports, at the ends of the blades there are jet-jet pneumatic motors with an air supply system. The tower also houses an accumulator battery and an air compressor connected through a system of valves by flexible hoses to a submerged elastic reservoir for storing air. The elastic air storage tank is loosely attached to the cable and uses a control system to change the depth of immersion to compensate for internal pressure and prevent collapse. The immersion depth control device changes the buoyancy by mechanical movement of the piston in a hollow cylinder open on one side.

EFFECT: provision of autonomous power supply for marine surveillance equipment.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of alternative energy, using the energy of the sun and wind to generate electricity, followed by the accumulation and storage of compressed air as a source for generating electricity during calm and lack of sunlight. Electricity is used in the operation of means for detecting air, surface and underwater objects, navigation equipment for sea areas, ensuring the safety of navigation, monitoring the water area and ensuring the protection of biological resources.

The creation of such a system will make it possible to control the safety of navigation and the management of traffic flows, which are the main tasks of Russia in the field of infrastructure development in the Arctic, defined by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 5, 2020 No. 164 "On the fundamentals of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic until 2035".

To solve the tasks set, an integrated approach is needed that can combine all the available developments and solutions to create new technical devices and methods of their energy supply that can use the resources available in the region during operation, be effective and exclude damage to the nature of the Arctic.

A known method and device for generating electricity based on the operations of accumulation and separation of energy using compressed air (China patent CN 201110259228.9), where the wind wheel converts the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy; the wind wheel starts the air compressor and produces compressed air; compressed air is stored in an air storage tank; compressed air drives an air engine or steam turbine; an air engine or steam turbine drives a generator to generate electricity while allowing excess electricity to be stored.

The compressed air wind storage power generation apparatus comprises a wind wheel, a speed-increasing gearbox, an air compressor, an air storage tank, an electrical distributor, an air motor or a steam turbine, and a generator.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to have an air compressor and an air motor, as well as storage tanks for compressed air that can withstand high pressure, and the appropriate capacity of the compressor.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a method for generating electricity based on energy storage, using natural energy, and an electricity generation system (patent RU 2583168, 2016), including stages at which natural energy is used to generate electricity and a power plant operating on natural energy, to generate electricity, drive an air compression device to use the air as an energy storage medium, and then store the compressed air in the air storage device, and then the compressed air is considered the main source of driving force or an auxiliary source of driving force for other power plants .

The disadvantage of this invention is the need to use several power plants, large compressed air storage tanks withstanding pressure up to 180 atmospheres, which complicates the control of the design of the generation system, increases its cost.

The objective of the invention is to create a marine power supply system for observation equipment, including hydrometeorological, navigational and hydrographic aids, powered by electricity from sources using solar and wind energy, ensuring the operation of observation equipment and the transmission of information received, a system capable of performing due to excess generated energy accumulation of energy reserves by pumping air into an elastic air storage tank submerged in water, which makes it possible to compensate for the pressure inside the tank by the depth of its immersion. The accumulated air is further used to generate electricity, as a working fluid for jet air engines.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that the marine power supply system for surveillance equipment contains a solar battery located on a pyramidal tower of a floating platform, above the solar battery there are surveillance equipment, GLONASS system units, communication system units and a settlement and control system. The settlement and control system monitors the performance of all systems, manages them, collects and processes information from detection tools and transmits this information. Below is an electric generator with blades on a shaft located vertically and directed downward between the tower supports, at the ends of the blades there are jet-jet pneumatic motors with an air supply system. The tower also houses an accumulator battery and an air compressor connected through a system of valves by flexible hoses to a submerged elastic reservoir for storing air. The elastic air storage tank is loosely attached to the cable and uses a control system to change the depth of immersion to compensate for internal pressure and prevent collapse. The immersion depth control device changes the buoyancy by mechanical movement of the piston in a hollow cylinder open on one side.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where in Fig. 1 shows the marine power supply system for surveillance equipment, where

1 - antennas of the communication system and GLONASS;

2 - means of monitoring the surface and the air situation, hydrometeorological, navigational and hydrographic support;

3 - solar battery;

4 - settlement and control system;

5 - valve system;

6 - air compressor;

7 - electric generator;

8 - battery;

9 - blades on the shaft of the electric generator;

10 - openwork pyramidal tower;

11 - air supply system;

12 - flexible hose;

13 - floating platform;

14 - elastic tank for air storage;

15 - cable;

16 - means of monitoring the underwater situation;

17-load.

On FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device for adjusting the depth of immersion in an elastic air storage tank, where:

18 - fastening of an elastic tank for storing air to a cable;

19 - electric motor with a worm wheel;

20 - devices for regulating the depth of immersion;

21 - worm;

22 - piston;

23 - valve.

The invention works as follows: in the state of the natural environment, which contributes to the generation of electricity, in sunny weather, with the help of a solar battery (3), electricity is generated, in the presence of wind rotating the blades on the shaft of the generator (9), the generator (7) is also connected to the production process electricity. The electricity received from these sources is supplied to consumers and ensures the operation of communication systems and GLONASS (1), means of monitoring the surface and air situation of hydrometeorological, navigation and hydrographic support (2), means of observing the underwater situation (16), settlement and control system (4 ). When the volume of generated electricity exceeds the volume of electricity consumed, the battery (8) is charged. Unused electricity, at the command of the settlement and control system (4), starts the air compressor (6), which pumps air through the valve system (5) through flexible hoses (12) into an elastic air storage tank (14). The elastic air storage tank (14) is located under the water and is loosely attached to the rope (15) by a fastener (18). Filling the flexible air storage tank (14) increases the pressure inside the tank and increases its buoyancy. As the flexible air storage tank (14) fills up to compensate for buoyancy and prevent collapse of the tank walls, the immersion depth control device (20) compensates for the increase in buoyancy by taking in additional ballast. An electric motor with a worm wheel (19), rotating the worm (21), moves the piston (22), while water enters the immersion depth control device (20) and equalizes the air pressure inside the elastic reservoir for storing air (14) and the surrounding water . In this way, the flexible air storage tank (14) is filled until the immersion depth control device (20) can compensate for the increasing internal pressure and buoyancy with the volume of water received.

In case of changing weather conditions, lack of sunlight and wind load, the battery reserves (8) and compressed air reserves from the elastic air storage tank (14) are used to provide consumers with electricity. The settlement and control system (4) issues commands for switching in the valve system (5) and directs air through the flexible hoses (12) through the air supply system (11) to the jet-jet pneumatic motors located at the ends of the blades on the shaft of the electric generator (9) . The motors give the blades rotational motion and the electric generator (7) generates electricity for consumers. As air is consumed from the elastic air storage tank (14), its buoyancy decreases and, in order to prevent its destruction by surrounding water, the immersion depth control device (20) restores buoyancy due to the piston (22) displacing excess water from the immersion depth control device (20 ) when the worm (21) is rotated by an electric motor with a worm wheel (19).

Means for monitoring the surface and the air situation for hydrometeorological, navigational and hydrographic support (2), means for monitoring the underwater situation (16) collect information, including about detected objects, the data is fed into the settlement and control system (4), where the received data is processed, objects are classified, information is transmitted through the communication system to the control point. The location of the system is determined by the GLONASS system, which is especially important for drifting stations, and the power supply of surveillance equipment will continue even when the platform freezes into ice.

Deployment in the sea and coastal zones of an extensive network of systems for monitoring the surface, air and underwater situation of hydrometeorological, navigational and hydrographic support, including those using the marine power supply system, will allow continuous monitoring both at a certain point, when placing the load on the ground when deploying the device , and along the drift route, in the case of placing cargo in the water column, collecting, processing and transmitting the information received. The data obtained will make it possible to control the safety of navigation and the management of traffic flows, track the unauthorized movement of mobile objects, their tasks, and take timely measures to curb their illegal activities.

Claims (1)

A marine power supply system for surveillance equipment, containing a solar battery, a wind generator, an air compressor, characterized in that the solar battery is located on a pyramidal tower of a floating platform, above the solar battery there are surface and air monitoring facilities, hydrometeorological, navigational and hydrographic support facilities, below blocks of the GLONASS system, blocks of the communication system, a settlement and control system, an air compressor, a storage battery and an electric generator with blades on a shaft located vertically and directed downwards between the tower supports are located; cable with a load and means of observing the underwater situation, there is also a loosely fixed elastic tank for storing air submerged in water, with a device for adjusting the depth of immersion, connected by flexible hoses through z valve system with compressor.

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