RU2777864C1 - Automatic gripper for attachments of small-sized machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for connecting working bodies with machine parts and can be used for automatic installation and removal of attachments on small-sized machinery. The automatic gripper contains the upper and lower acute-angled petal hooks, the axis of installation of acute-angled petal hooks, springs, a locking slider, a handle for moving the locking slider.

EFFECT: increase in the productivity of small-sized equipment is achieved due to automatic centering and gripping of the axis of the working body with fixation to the body with acute-angled petal hooks and a locking slider.

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Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for connecting working bodies with machine parts and can be used for automatic installation and removal of attachments on small-sized equipment.

From the publication (patent RU No. 2007513, MCP E02F 3/38, published on 07/30/1987) a device for attaching the working body to the tractor is known, containing a main frame with horizontal pins, a hinged working body frame with open seating slots, frame support elements and locks, consisting from wedge stops and removable rotary checks. The main frame of which is fixed on the sides of the tractor. The open seating sockets of the device are made with the possibility of contact with the trunnions. The supporting elements of the frames are inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine. Wedge stops and removable pins are installed in different frames of the device and are made with flat surfaces to interact with each other. Wedge stops and removable pins are installed in different frames of the device and are made with flat surfaces to interact with each other. Wedge stops are made with the possibility of rotation and longitudinal movement relative to the removable check.

The disadvantage of this device is that when mounting the hinged working body on the tractor, it is difficult to center the seats, it is necessary to use manual labor. Also, the disadvantages include the presence of threaded connections, the tightening force of which must be controlled by a torque wrench, which will lead to time and additional material costs.

As a prototype, a device for attaching removable equipment of a hydraulic excavator was chosen, including a mounting frame with a gripper hingedly mounted on the handles, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a one-piece welded structure, equipped with a lock, which is a two-arm lever, one arm of which is connected by means of axles with a movable rod and frame, and the other arm is a clamp, while the movable rod is installed in a nut with a lock, (patent RU No. 79581, IPC E02F 3/28, published: 10.01.2009 Bull. No. 1).

The disadvantage of using this device is that when fixing the handle with the axis of the working body, it is necessary to perform a large number of operations for twisting and unscrewing the threaded connections to open the clamp and close the lock.

An invention is proposed, which is focused on eliminating the above disadvantages, due to automatic capture for quick fixation of the axis of the working body to the body of small-sized equipment.

The technical problem is the creation of an automatic grip and a mechanism for fixing the axis of the working body to the body of small-sized equipment to increase its productivity by reducing the time spent on changing the working bodies.

The technical result is: increased productivity of small-sized equipment due to automatic centering and gripping of the axis of the working body with fixation to the body with sharp-angled petal hooks and a locking slider.

Automatic grab for attachments of small-sized equipment containing an upper and lower acute-angled petal hook, an axis for installing acute-angled petal hooks, springs, a slider-clamp, a handle, characterized in that it is technically equipped with a system for automatically centering and fixing the axis of the working body relative to the body of small-sized equipment using parallel installed spring-loaded sharp-angled petal hooks fixed on a common axis and fixed by moving the slider-clamp into the grooves on the back side of the hooks with the help of a handle mounted on the body.

The claimed device is illustrated in the figures: Fig. 1 - shows a general side view; fig. 2 - front view.

The inventive device consists of the following elements: 1 - body of small-sized equipment, 2 - upper acute-angled petal hook, 3 - axle of attachments, 4 - handle for moving the slider-clamp, 5 - axis of attachment of the slider-clamp, 6 - upper spring, 7 - axis handle fasteners, 8 - lower spring, 9 - slider-clamp, 10 - axis of acute-angled petal hooks, 11 - lower acute-angled petal hook.

On the axis 10, installed in the body of small-sized equipment 1, from two opposite sides, the upper 2 and lower 11 acute-angled hook is installed. The upper 2 and lower 11 acute-angled petal hook are limited in free movement relative to the axis 10 by the upper 6 and lower spring 10. Rigid fixation of the upper 2 and lower 11 acute-angled petal hook relative to the axis of the attachment is provided by the slider-lock 9 when moving it into the grooves from the back side of the upper 2 and lower 11 acute-angled petal hook. The movement of the locking slider is carried out by the operator of small-sized equipment using the handle for moving the locking slider 4.

Reliable and quick fixation of the axis of attachments to the body of small-sized equipment is achieved due to the fact that the automatic grip is equipped with upper and lower acute-angled petal hooks with springs and a locking slider.

The device works as follows. The operator moves on a small-sized equipment (not shown) to the attachment, as he moves towards the attachment, the axle of the attachment 3 falls into the grooves of the body of the small-sized equipment 1. As the small-sized equipment moves forward, the axis of the attachment comes into contact with two acute-angled petal hooks 2 and 11 With further movement of small-sized equipment towards the attachment, the surfaces of the sharp corners of the petal hooks begin to slide along the cylindrical part of the axis of the attachment 3, while the sharp-angled petal hooks 2 and 11 open, then the axis of the attachment is automatically centered and under the action of springs 6 and 8 is captured and is securely fixed in acute-angled petal hooks. The final fixation of the axis of attachments 3 to the body of small-sized equipment 1 and the prevention of spontaneous unclenching of acute-angled petal hooks 2 and 11 is ensured by moving the handle 4 to the “pull” position relative to axis 7, in which the slider-lock 9 connected to the handle through the axis of attachment of the slider - latch 5 is installed in the grooves on the back of the acute-angled petal grips and securely blocks the grip. Then you can perform the required work using the selected attachments. Raising and lowering device not shown. To remove attachments from small-sized equipment, it is necessary to lower it onto a hard surface, move the handle for moving the locking slider 4 to the “away from you” position, while the locking slider 9 will come out of the grooves on the back side of the acute-angled petal hooks 2 and 11 and when moving the small-sized equipment in the opposite direction from the attachment, the axis of the attachment will separate from the body 1.

The creation of an automatic grip for attachments of small-sized equipment will allow you to quickly change attachments depending on the work performed, quickly and reliably fix it on small-sized equipment, which will minimize manual labor and increase the efficiency of its operation.

List of used literature

1. Patent No. 2007513 Russian Federation, E02F 3/38 (1990.01), Device for attaching a hinged working body to a tractor: No. 874292327 declared on 07/30/1987: published on 02/15/1994 / Satsukevich K.P., Tondel A.I., Khodasovsky V.M., Dovnar A.V.; Joint Stock Company "Amkodor". - 6 s: ill. - Text: direct.

2. Patent No. 79581 Russian Federation, E02F 3/38 (2006.01), Device for attaching detachable equipment of a hydraulic excavator: No.: 2008132785/22 declared 08.08.2008: published 10.01.2009 / Efimov A.V.; Joint Stock Company "Amkodor". - 4 s: ill. - Text: direct.

Claims (1)

An automatic gripper for attachments of small-sized equipment, containing upper and lower acute-angled petal hooks, an axis for installing acute-angled petal hooks, springs, a slider-clamp, a handle, characterized in that it is technically equipped with a system for automatically centering and fixing the axis of the working body relative to the body of small-sized equipment using spring-loaded acute-angled petal hooks mounted in parallel, fixed on a common axis, while a handle for moving the locking slider is installed on the body through the axis, which allows for reliable fixation and prevention of spontaneous unclenching.

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