RU2777410C2 - Unidirectional straight fabric and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: composite materials.

SUBSTANCE: unidirectional straight fabric (700) is presented, made of fiber-glass roving (702), while the specified straight fabric contains first stabilizing layer (704) on its lower side and second stabilizing layer (706) on its upper side, while these layers are stitched together (708) by chain interweaving.

EFFECT: production of components manufactured of fiber-reinforced composite materials, in particular for the production of belts of a rotor blade.

16 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a unidirectional non-crimped fabric made from glass rovings for the production of fiber composites, having a first stabilizing layer on its bottom side and a second stabilizing layer on its upper side, and its use.

For the production of fiber composites, textile or fiber assemblies pre-impregnated with a matrix of resin appropriate to the plastic to be reinforced, also referred to as prepreg, can be used and can be further processed to produce components made from fiber-reinforced plastic, such as processing in autoclave using pressure and heat. It is also widely known to use dry textile assemblies, i. e. not impregnated with resin, which are further processed by resin mixture injection methods, in particular vacuum assisted methods, to produce components made from fiber-reinforced plastic materials. They are much easier to drape than pre-impregnated textile gathers. In the case of more complex components, in particular for further processing carried out later by resin injection processes, it may be advantageous to pre-drape the textile assembly, also referred to as preform or preform, until the desired shape is achieved at least to a small extent and fix this shape, as appropriate, by adding a small amount of binder and applying a little heat and/or pressure.

The textile assemblies may be piled fabrics, mats, woven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and, in particular,

untwisted fabrics. Non-crimped fabrics can be formed from one, two or more layers of fibers placed parallel to each other. A fabric in which all layers have substantially the same fiber orientation, i.e. where in each layer the vast majority of the fibers, for example 95% or more of the fibers, has the same orientation, is called a unidirectional non-crimped fabric. If it has layers having two different fiber orientations, it is called a biaxial non-crimped fabric. If it has layers having more than two different fiber orientations, it is called a multiaxial non-crimped fabric. Typically, unidirectional crimped fabric has one fiber layer, biaxial crimped fabric has two fiber layers, and multiaxial crimped fabric has three or more fiber layers.

The fibers may be filaments, filaments, ie bundles of twisted filaments and/or twill filaments, or rovings, ie untwisted bundles of approximately parallel tufted endless filaments. Through the use of filaments arranged parallel to one another, the rovings have the advantage of particularly advantageous reinforcing properties and a high fiber volume percentage.

Particularly in non-crimped fabrics, the rovings can be distributed to achieve a thin sheet textile assembly. In a unidirectional non-crimped fabric, the individual rovings can be placed more or less spaced apart or partially or completely aligned with each other. A small number, some of, a large number, the vast majority of rovings or all rovings can be distributed.

The fibers can be made from, for example, carbon or glass, with carbon fibers having a substantially higher tensile strength than glass fibers. When further processed into textile assemblies, in particular in the form of non-crimped fabrics, glass fibers are more difficult to handle because they have substantially smoother surfaces than carbon fibers and thus tend to slide against each other. In particular, the fibers may slip or slip during the feeding of the unidirectional layers to the knitting machines until the moment of stitching. Carbon fibers, in contrast, can tangle with each other due to their rougher surfaces and thus hold each other in a predetermined position. However, glass fibers are substantially cheaper than carbon fibers.

The aim of the present invention is to provide an alternative unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric.

The object is achieved by a unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric for the production of fiber composite materials, containing a first stabilizing layer on its underside and a second stabilizing layer on its upper side, while they are sewn to each other in a chain weave.

By providing two stabilizing layers and a chain weave, the ease of handling of the unidirectional, non-crimped glass roving fabric can be improved because slippage of the rovings can be more effectively prevented and drapeability of the fabric can be improved. This applies in particular to unidirectional non-crimped fabrics containing only one layer of glass roving.

Sewing refers to the mechanical connection through a stitching process. This can be done, for example, on a warp knitting machine or a knitting machine. The thread used may therefore be referred to as sewing thread or knitting thread. Chain weave has the advantage over other stitching methods such as leotard or 2x1 stitching or knitting, etc., in that the stitches formed during stitching are not cross-linked. It has been found that a significant increase in fabric drapeability is not the only benefit. Preferably, the glass rovings extend in the longitudinal direction of the unidirectional non-crimped fabric.

Particularly preferably, the chain weave runs substantially parallel to the glass rovings. In this way, the described effect of good drapeability and impregnation can be further improved. Moreover, it helps to achieve that the non-crimped fabric has only little or no surface waviness, which also provides excellent drapeability. This effect is especially noticeable when stitching is carried out with precise caliber.

Advantageously, the chain weave has a stitch count of 5 stitches per inch to 12 stitches per inch. This provides good stabilization of the non-crimped fabric, while at the same time achieving good drapeability without surface waviness and good impregnation properties.

In preferred embodiments, at least one stabilizing element is present parallel to the direction of the non-crimped tissue. It may be present in infinite form or with a finite length dimension. This can facilitate straight and straight placement of the non-crimped fabric into a mold for further processing to produce a fiber reinforced composite component.

Advantageously, at least one stabilizing element is rod-shaped. Thus, the mechanical properties of the unidirectional non-crimped fabric can be improved by considering the reinforcing properties in components made from the fiber-reinforced composite material.

Preferably, at least one stabilizing element is formed from fiberglass and resin. The pultrusion process is a continuous manufacturing process for the production of fiber reinforced plastic parts, pultrudates. Due to their excellent mechanical properties, they, in turn, can be used as reinforcement in the production of materials in the form of a fiber-reinforced composite material. Preferably, the pultrudate resin is chosen to match the resin matrix of the final fiber reinforced composite.

Preferably, the first and/or second stabilizing layer is formed as a layer of weft yarn and/or as a high pile web and/or as a mat.

Mats are non-woven sheet objects (also called non-woven webs) that can be made from chopped or endless, most often randomly laid, spun filaments or fibers. High pile webs are also non-woven sheet objects (also referred to as non-woven webs) of randomly random endless fibers, which can also be spun.

Weft plies are understood to mean plies of individual filaments, yarns or rovings spaced apart from each other, having an orientation different from that of a unidirectional uncrimped fabric. A distance equal to at least half the width of the non-crimped glass rovings is considered to be a large distance. If glass rovings have different widths, half the median of the widths is considered to be the appropriate size.

Preferably, at least one stabilizing layer comprises a layer of weft yarn, wherein the weft yarn layer is placed at an angle in the range of 65° to 110°, preferably 80° to 100°, to the direction of the non-crimped fabric, the direction of the non-crimped fabric being determined by the orientation of the glass rovings. a layer of unidirectional fabric; or layers of non-crimped fabric. This helps to achieve the best stabilizing effect in the stabilizing layer due to excellent adhesion in the direction transverse to the direction of the non-crimped fabric. Particularly preferably, both stabilizing layers comprise a layer of weft yarn placed at substantially the same angle to the direction of the uncrimped fabric. Particularly preferably, one or even both of the stabilizing layers consist of such a layer of weft yarn.

In case at least one stabilizing layer comprises such a layer of weft thread, this layer of weft thread is preferably a glass fiber material. This has the advantage that the choice of resin for the production of the fiber-reinforced composite is not further limited by the type of weft layer. Preferably, at least one layer of weft thread contains glass rovings having a weight of 34 tex to 300 tex, preferably from 40 tex to 150 tex, particularly preferably from 40 tex to 80 tex, in order to achieve the best stabilizing effect while reducing the material in the stabilizing layer .

In the event that both stabilizing layers comprise a weft thread layer, the weft thread layers are advantageously joined according to a net. This helps to achieve a more uniform or more uniform fabric construction. Moreover, the glass rovings are laid particularly tightly so that when two or more unidirectional non-crimped fabrics are placed one on top of the other for further processing, their glass roving layers are spaced closer together. In general, stitching according to the weft yarn pattern has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the resulting material components in the form of a fiber-reinforced composite.

Preferably, the unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric of the present invention is used for the manufacture of wind turbine components, preferably rotor blade components, particularly preferably rotor blade belts. The unidirectional non-crimped fabrics of the present invention allow the production of fiber-reinforced composites having excellent strength properties such as those required for wind turbine components, in particular for rotor blade components and especially for rotor blade belts.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the preferred illustrative embodiment.

On the drawings:

in fig. 1 schematically shows the design of a wind turbine rotor blade;

in fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the design of the rotor blade

wind turbine;

in fig. 3 schematically shows the design of the rotor blade belt;

in fig. 4 schematically shows the design of glass roving;

in fig. 5 schematically shows the design of a unidirectional non-twisted

fabric containing two stabilizing layers of cloth with a thick pile;

in fig. 6 schematically shows the design of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric containing two stabilizing layers formed in the form of a mat;

in fig. 7 schematically shows the construction of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric containing two stabilizing layers formed as layers of weft yarn;

in fig. 8 shows schematic front and back views of the chain weave;

in fig. 9 schematically shows front and back views of the leotard-chain weave;

in fig. 10 is a schematic front and back view of a leotard weave;

in fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric comprising a tricot-chain weave;

in fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric comprising a chain weave; and

in fig. 13 schematically shows the construction of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric comprising two stabilizing layers of a high pile web and a stabilizing element in the fabric layer.

Due to their strength characteristics, fiber reinforced composites made using the unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabrics provided herein are particularly suitable for the production of wind turbine components. In FIG. 1 schematically shows the basic design of a wind turbine rotor blade 100. The blade 100 of the rotor is attached to the rotary axis of the wind turbine in the form of an elongated part of the profile 102 at the base. Below casing 110 on the top side and bottom side, belt 104 extends across shear walls 106, only one of which is shown in FIG. one.

The belts run closer to the leading edge 114 than to the trailing edge 116. In FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotor blade 200 comprising belts 204 and shear walls 202, showing each of the positions of trailing edge 208 and leading edge 206. Belts 204 extend along the entire length of the rotor blade from the profile at the root to the tip of the blade.

The belts 104 take the main load from the forces acting on the rotor blade 100 when the wind blows and transmit them through the axle hub to the wind turbine nacelle to generate electrical power from the kinetic energy of the wind. This is why the belts must have a particularly high tensile strength at the longitudinal extension of the rotor blade, for which reason a fiber-reinforced composite material based on a unidirectional non-crimped fabric is particularly suitable. Unidirectional non-crimped fabrics can also be used in the areas represented by the leading and trailing edges. Due to different mechanical requirements, biaxial, triaxial, or multiaxial fabrics may also be used for other components of the rotor blade, such as shroud 110, shear wall reinforcement 108, main region 112, or root profile 102.

In FIG. 3 schematically shows the basic design of the belt 300 of the rotor blade. A plurality of non-crimped fabrics 304 were stacked on top of each other according to the shape of the belt 300 to be produced, treated with resin 302, and this overall resin-containing structure was cured. This can be done using various methods known to the person skilled in the art: in the RTM (polymer transfer molding) method, for example, resin 302 is injected into a closed mold into which non-crimped fabrics 304 were previously placed. In the vacuum infusion method, non-crimped fabrics 304 are placed in a mold and covered with an airtight plastic film. The resin 302 is sucked into the fabric 304 between the mold and the film by vacuum. After the resin 302 has cured, the plastic film is removed and the belt 300 is removed from the mold. Suitable resins and process parameters are known to those skilled in the art.

In FIG. 4 schematically shows a glass roving 400 containing a plurality of glass filaments 402. Glass rovings typically have a diameter of from about 12 µm to about 24 µm. Glass rovings 400 having a diameter of from about 17 µm to 24 µm, in particular, may be suitable for manufacturing rotor blade belts. Typical weights are from about 1000 tex to 9600 tex, preferably from 2400 to 4800 tex.

In FIG. 5-7 and fig. 13 schematically shows the construction of various unidirectional non-crimped fabrics 500, 600, 700, 1300 made from glass rovings 502, 602, 702, 1302 for the production of fiber-reinforced composite materials, containing a first stabilizing layer 504, 604, 704, 1304 on their underside and a second a stabilizing layer 506, 606, 706, 1306 on their upper side, sewn together with knitting thread 508, 608, 708, 1308. To better establish details on graphics, unidirectional non-crimped fabrics 500, 600, 700, 1300 shown with reference to this example , are variants that are stitched to exact gauge and substantially parallel to glass rovings 502, 602, 702, 1302. shown spaced substantially apart and slightly spaced. In additional embodiments, the stitching can also be carried out in a non-precise gauge and/or parallel to glass rovings 502, 602, 702, 1302. As a result of stitching with exact gauge, as well as parallel stitching, non-crimped fabrics of a particularly uniform design are obtained without damaging the fibers and with a reduced disposition to surface waviness. This has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the resulting components made from fiber-reinforced composite material. Moreover, the distance between the glass rovings 502, 602, 702, 1302 or, as the case may be, their alignment and the degree of their distribution may vary. The non-crimped webs 500, 600, 700 corresponding to FIGS. 5, fig. 6 and FIG. 7 are characterized in that each of the stabilization layers 504, 604, 704, 1304, 506, 606, 706, 1306 has a different configuration. In the present examples, each of both stabilizing layers 504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706 has the same configuration. In the example shown in FIG. 5, both stabilizing layers 504, 506 are high pile webs, in the example shown in FIG. 6 both stabilizing layers 604, 606 are matted and in the example shown in FIG. 7, both stabilizing layers 704, 706 are a layer of weft yarn. In embodiments not shown in the drawings, each of the two stabilizing layers may have a different configuration and may have multiple layers. In the case of a variant having stabilizing layers comprising a layer of weft thread, such as shown in FIG. 7, the layer of weft thread, or at least one of the two layers of weft thread, may also comprise weft threads that are less evenly spaced, which may be less parallel, as the case may be.

It should be noted that in the examples shown herein, the non-crimped fabrics 500, 600, 700 have exactly three layers, namely two stabilizing layers on both sides of the glass roving layer. In embodiments not shown in the drawings, non-crimped fabrics may also comprise three, four, five or more stabilizing layers and two, three, four or more unidirectional glass roving layers. They may also contain additional unspecified layers. All provided layers can be placed in an order adapted to the required application.

Advantageously, the two outer layers are stabilizing layers.

Unidirectional non-crimped fabric 1300 according to the example shown in FIG. 13, similar to the fabric shown in FIG. 5 has a high pile web as the first and second stabilizing layer 1304, 1306, respectively. It differs from the examples according to FIG. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 in particular in that it includes at least one stabilizing element 1312 parallel to the orientation of the non-crimped fabric. In the example shown in FIG. 13, a non-crimped fabric 1300 is shown having four glass rovings 1302 and one stabilizing element 1312. In embodiments, instead of every fifth glass roving 1302, more or less glass rovings 1302 may also be replaced by a stabilizing element 1312. In this document, the stabilizing elements can be placed with equal or unequal at intervals. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the stabilizing member 1312 is rod-shaped and is formed as a pultrudate made from fiberglass and resin. In embodiments, it may also be pultrudates made from fibers other than glass fibers, or the resin may be uncured or only partially cured.

Preferably, the pultrusion resin is adapted to the resin matrix of the fiber-reinforced composite to be produced.

In the example shown in FIG. 7 containing layers of weft thread in the form of stabilizing layers 704, 706, the layers of weft thread are formed from glass rovings having a weight of from 34 tex to 300 tex, preferably from 40 tex to 150 tex, particularly preferably from 40 tex to 80 tex. In this document, both stabilizing layers 704, 706 are placed at essentially the same angle to the orientation of the non-crimped fabric, namely approximately 90°. In embodiments, the weft layer may also be placed at an angle in the range of 65° to 110°, preferably 80° to 100°, to the orientation of the non-crimped fabric. In the present example, the individual weft yarns are spaced slightly more than the width of the roving 702 apart and knitted together in a grid by stitching to the glass rovings 702 using the knitting yarns 708.

It should be noted that the material of the stabilizing layers as well as the knitting threads for stitching are adapted to the resin used for further processing to produce the fiber reinforced plastic component.

In particular, hybrid fibers can be used. It is also possible to provide the non-crimped fabric with a binder in order to fix its desired contour or shape it as a preform.

The presence of two stabilizing layers in the present unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabrics allows three layers, ie, a first stabilizing layer, a non-crimped fabric layer and a second stabilizing layer, to be sewn together in a chain weave. The chain weave structure is shown schematically in FIG. 8 for the first and second yarns 804, 806 on the front side 800 and back side 802. For comparison, in FIG. 9 shows the leotard-chain weave and FIG. 10 similarly shows the tricot weave for the first and second yarns 904, 906 and 1004, 1006, respectively, on the front side 900 and 1000, respectively, and the reverse side, 902 and 1002, respectively. In leotard weave and leotard weave, which, unlike chain weave, can also be used in unidirectional, non-crimped roving fabrics containing only one stabilizing layer, the knitting thread is always or at least partially directed across the rovings, even if stitching is performed parallel to the rovings. As a result, when unidirectional non-crimped fabrics are placed in molds and deformed in the transverse direction, buckling may occur, resulting in surface waviness in the non-crimped fabric.

This is shown schematically in FIG. 11 for a unidirectional uncrimped fabric 1100 made from glass rovings 1102 and knitting threads 1104 sewn in a tricot-chain weave. When the stitching is performed by weaving "leotards", the formation of surface waviness is even more pronounced. Once a composite material has been produced, surface waviness may result in less than desired strength and stiffness in the resulting component and may be considered a manufacturing defect. In addition, the drapeability of the unidirectional non-crimped fabric in the transverse direction can be reduced as a result of the leotard-chain weave or the leotard weave, which can lead to wrinkling and/or wrinkling and, as a result, to a decrease in strength when the non-crimped fabric is placed into a mold for further processing. In addition, depending on the gauge of the knitting thread, guiding the knitting thread 1104 across the rovings 1102 may result in undesired thickening of the non-crimped fabric. Moreover, depending on the gauge of the knitting thread and the stitching tension, in particular when the stitching is not performed with exact gauge, the material can be displaced at the needle entry point, which can lead to waviness and contraction of the glass rovings 1102.

This, in turn, can lead to the formation of defects, or so-called "fish eyes", in the cavities at the needle entry site, where resin collects when resin is injected into the tissue. Because the cured resin is often brittle and with many resins the knitting thread is only difficult to bond to the resin matrix, microscopic cracks can occur in the boundary region between the knitting thread and the resin matrix under dynamic loading, which can later lead to damage due to premature fatigue of the material. .

When the knitting threads 1204 are sewn in a chain weave, as shown schematically in FIG. 12, they run parallel to the rovings 1202 running straight as before. Chain weave provides much better cross direction deformation behavior than tricot weave or tricot-chain weave so that wrinkling and wrinkling can be prevented when the uncrimped fabric is placed in the mold prior to injection of the resin mixture. Thus, drapeability is substantially better in a chain weave than in a leotard or leotard weave. Moreover, non-crimped fabrics can be placed in a flatter state without flattening. In particular, the chain-weaving can be carried out in such a way that no holes are made in the glass rovings and no undesirable resin patches are formed during further processing. The higher the percentage of knitting yarns in relation to the unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to the present invention, the better the impregnating properties. However, if the percentage of knitting thread is too high, drapeability is adversely affected, so that the non-crimped fabric becomes stiffer. For the production of rotor blade belts in particular, loop densities of 5 loops per inch to 12 loops per inch have proven to be suitable due to good drape while maintaining good impregnating properties. Thicker knitting threads and/or smaller intervals between knitting threads can be provided to increase the rate of impregnation.

However, in general, the non-crimped fabric of the present invention containing the chain weave, under equal parameters, has better impregnating properties for the resin than the corresponding non-crimped fabrics containing other weave systems, such as the "leotard" weave or the "leotard-chain" weave. It should be noted that in chain weave, compared to other stitching methods, better drapeability can be observed, even when the stitching is performed at a different angle than parallel to the rovings.

Tests have shown that, when compared to unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabrics having only one stabilizing layer and a leotard or leotard-chain weave, all other conditions and process parameters being equal, the unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric of the present invention, comprising two stabilizing layers and a chain weave, can achieve increases in tensile strength ranging from about 25% to 40% in a glass fiber reinforced multilayer composite.

Considering, for example, a rotor blade belt which has a maximum thickness of approximately 100 mm, non-crimped fabrics having a basis weight of 1200 g/sq. m, require approximately 110-120 layers of unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric having only one stabilizing layer and a leotard or leotard weave, while when using unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric having two stabilizing layers and a weave chain, only 100-110 stacked layers of unidirectional non-crimped fabric are required to produce a rotor blade belt of similar strength and stiffness. Fewer layers of non-crimped fabric have the advantage that belt production requires less laying time and less resin. The resulting reduction in the weight of the belt and therefore also the weight of the rotor blade can also result in that the weight of the wind turbine nacelle and tower can also be reduced.

Among other things, tensile tests in accordance with the requirements of DIN EN ISO 527-5 were carried out on three variants of a unidirectional non-crimped fabric made from glass rovings. All three exemplary embodiments cited herein were cured epoxy resin laminated resin systems commercially available under the name HEXION RIMR135/RIMH137 based on two stacked unidirectional non crimped glass roving fabrics. to achieve the minimum thickness set by the standard. Sample 1 included two non crimped fabrics of glass fiber rovings available under the name NEG Hybon 2002 with 2400 tex or a nominal basis weight of 944 gsm. m, each containing a first and second stabilizing layer, placed as layers of NEG Hybon 2002 weft yarn with 68 tex or a nominal basis weight of 12 g/sq. m and at an angle of approximately 87° to the orientation of the main fabric and an average of 1.8 loops per cm. Stitching was performed with a 76 dtex knitting thread made of polyester, weaving in a chain in relation to the layers of weft yarn not according to the grid at a stitch density of 10 loops per inch substantially parallel to the glass rovings. Sample 2 differed from Sample 1 in that the two non-crimped glass roving fabrics were made from glass fibers available under the name 3B W2020 at 2400 tex or a nominal basis weight of 944 g/sq. m, thus fibers made of high modulus glass. Sample 3 was a reference sample that differed from sample 1 in that it contained only one stabilizing layer, but was formed in the same way as sample 1 or sample 2, and in that crosslinking, as opposed to crosslinking in sample 1 and sample 2, was carried out by weaving "leotards".

Tensile tests in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-5 showed that the average tensile strength is 1166 MPa for sample 1, 1270 MPa for sample 2 and 907 MPa for reference sample 3.

Since the volumetric fiber content varied approximately 53±2% by volume for manufacturing reasons, the actual content was measured for each sample and the measured tensile strength was linearly converted to a fiber content of 53% by volume.

Measurements of samples including other resin systems, other glass rovings, other stabilizing layers, in particular also with dense pile webs and mats, as well as with other options for weft layers, in particular with regard to their weight, distance between them or orientation, as well as with stitching according to the grid and/or with exact caliber and with stitching having other loop densities, also showed an increase in tensile strength.

Reference designation list

100 rotor blade

102 base profile

104 belt

106 shear wall

108 shear wall reinforcement

110 casing

112 main area

114 leading edge

116 trailing edge

200 rotor blade

202 shear wall

204 belt

206 leading edge

208 trailing edge

300 belt

302 resin

304 uncrimped fabric

400 roving

402 filament

500 uncrimped fabric

502 glass roving

504 first stabilizing layer

506 second stabilizing layer

508 knitting thread

600 uncrimped fabric

602 glass roving

604 first stabilizing layer

606 second stabilizing layer

608 knitting thread

700 uncrimped fabric

702 glass roving

704 first stabilizing layer

706 second stabilizing layer

708 knitting thread

800 front side

802 reverse side

804 first thread

806 second thread

900 front side

902 reverse side

904 first thread

906 second thread

1000 front side

1002 reverse side

1004 first thread

1006 second thread

1100 uncrimped fabric

1102 roving

1104 knitting thread

1200 uncrimped fabric

1202 roving

1204 knitting thread

1300 uncrimped fabric

1302 glass roving

1304 first stabilizing layer

1306 second stabilizing layer

1308 knitting thread

1310 fabric layer

1312 stabilizing element.

Claims (16)

1. A unidirectional non-crimped glass roving fabric for the production of fiber composite materials, containing a first stabilizing layer (504, 604, 704, 1304) on its underside and a second stabilizing layer (506, 606, 706, 1206) on its upper side, characterized in that that they are sewn to each other with a chain weave (508, 608, 708, 804, 806, 1204, 1308). 2. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the chain weave (508, 608, 708, 804, 806, 1204, 1308) runs substantially parallel to the glass rovings (400, 502, 602, 702, 1202, 1302). 3. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chain weave (508, 608, 708, 804, 806, 1204, 1308) has a loop density of 5 loops per inch to 12 loops per inch. 4. Unidirectional uncrimped fabric according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that there is at least one stabilizing element (1312) parallel to the direction of the non-crimped tissue. 5. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one stabilizing element (1312) is rod-shaped. 6. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one stabilizing element is formed in the form of a pultrudate (1312) of glass fiber and resin. 7. Unidirectional uncrimped fabric according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the first and/or second stabilizing layer (504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706, 1304, 1306) is formed in the form of a layer (704, 706) of weft thread, and/or in the form of a fabric (504, 506, 1304, 1306) thick pile and/or mat (604, 606). 8. A unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 7, wherein at least one stabilizing layer (504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706, 1304, 1306) comprises a weft yarn layer (704, 706), characterized in that the layer ( 704, 706) of the weft thread is placed at an angle in the range from 65° to 110° to the direction of the non-crimped fabric. 9. A unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that the weft yarn layer (704, 706) is placed at an angle in the range of 80° to 100° to the direction of the non-crimped fabric. 10. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that both stabilizing layers (504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706, 1304, 1306) contain a weft yarn layer (704, 706) placed essentially under the same angle to the direction of the non-crimped tissue. 11. Unidirectional uncrimped fabric according to any one of paragraphs. 7-10, where at least one stabilizing layer (504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706, 1304, 1306) contains a layer (704, 706) of the weft thread, characterized in that the layer (704, 706) of the weft thread made from glass rovings. 12. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to claim 11, characterized in that the layer (704, 706) of the weft yarn is made of glass rovings (704, 706) having a weight of 34 tex to 300 tex. 13. Unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to any one of paragraphs. 7-12, where both stabilizing layers (504, 506, 604, 606, 704, 706, 1304, 1306) contain a layer (704, 706) of the weft thread, characterized in that the layers (704, 706) of the weft thread are sewn according to the grid . 14. The use of unidirectional non-crimped fabric according to any one of paragraphs. 1-13 for the production of components (100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 200, 202, 204, 300) wind turbines. 15. Use according to claim 14, characterized in that the components (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 202, 204, 300) of the rotor blades are produced. 16. Use according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that belts (104, 204, 300) of the rotor blades are produced.

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