RU2776467C1 - Method for conducting flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used during flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment to confirm compliance of their output parameters and characteristics with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation when these facilities are put into operation, during operation and in some special cases. Essence: the UAV flight along a given trajectory is carried out using an integrated navigation system with subsequent correction of the trajectory and movement parameters of the UAV in proportion to the measured values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment, which provides flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment without the use of the telemetry system (TS) and using the UAV instead of the research aircraft (RA).

EFFECT: increasing the readiness of the appropriate means to conduct flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment without the use of the TS and the use of a UAV instead of an RA, which, in general, simplifies the conduct of flight inspections.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used when conducting flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support to confirm the compliance of their output parameters and characteristics with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation when putting these funds into operation, during operation and in some special cases [Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated January 18, 2005 N 1 “On Approval of the Federal Aviation Regulations “Flight Inspections of Ground-Based Radio-Technical Flight Support Facilities, Aviation Telecommunications and Lighting Equipment Systems of Civil Aviation Airfields”]. The method of flight checks, the scope and their frequency are set out in the mentioned Federal Aviation Rules.

There is a known method of conducting flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical support for flights by special aircraft-laboratories (AFL) equipped with flight control equipment [Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated January 18, 2005 N 1 "On approval of federal aviation regulations" Flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical support flights, aviation telecommunications and lighting systems of civil aviation aerodromes "], which consists in the use of VSL together with ground-based, usually optical, means of trajectory measurements (STI) or a satellite navigation system receiver at aerodromes equipped with local control and correction stations (LKKS) [ Decree of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of August 24, 2005 N IL-79-p "On the introduction of guidelines for flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support, aviation telecommunications and light signal systems civil aviation equipment”].

The disadvantage of this method is the need to use a manned ASL and ground-based STI, which reduces operational readiness [GOST 27.002-2015 Reliability in technology. Terms and definitions.] carrying out flight checks of ground means of radio technical support for flights at airfields located outside national territories, in conditions of possible fire impact of illegal armed groups, as well as in the absence or failure of STI. It should be noted that under the conditions of possible fire impact of illegal armed formations, the loss of the ASL and, accordingly, its crew and personnel servicing the flight control equipment is not comparable with the losses of the UAV, and the absence or failure of the STI does not allow flight checks.

The closest analogue (prototype) to the proposed solution is the "Method of flight tests of ground-based radio-technical flight support and devices for its use" [patent RU 2501031 C2, IPC G01S 7/40, published 10.12.2013, bul. No. 34], which consists in the use of a remotely piloted aircraft (RPV), the coordinates of which are measured by an optical device and, at the same time, during the operation of radio technical means of flight support, measuring radio navigation signals are formed by on-board receivers, which encode, radiate into free space, receive by ground devices, decode, processed together with signals from the output of the optical device, display and record the results of measurements and signal processing.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to use STI, which also reduces the operational readiness of the involved means to conduct flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support in the absence or failure of STI.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the operational readiness of the involved means for carrying out flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities at airfields located outside national territories, in conditions of possible fire impact of illegal armed formations, as well as in the absence or failure of STI, by reducing the involved means and personnel to ensure flight inspections, the abandonment of the use of STIs and the use of an unmanned aircraft instead of a manned AFL, taking into account the fact that the restoration or replacement of an UA will require less cost than the restoration or replacement of a manned AFL.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of conducting a flight test of ground-based radio-technical flight support means, which consists in measuring the parameters and characteristics of these means and compiling a report on the results of a flight test, according to the invention, the required values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support means are additionally set in in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the value of the permissible measurement error determined by the on-board equipment of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UA), set the trajectory and flight parameters of the UAV, control the UAV during flight in accordance with the specified trajectory using the onboard integrated navigation system, measure the coordinates its location on the trajectory of movement, calculate the difference between the measured and specified values of the relevant parameters and characteristics of ground-based means of radio-technical flight support, compare the modules of the obtained differences with the specified measurement errors, if the modules of the obtained differences exceed the specified measurement errors, correct the trajectory and motion parameters of the UAV in proportion to the magnitude of the difference and fly along the corrected trajectory, otherwise use the values of the measured coordinates of the UAV location on the motion trajectory and the values of the measured parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support for the preparation of a report on the results of a flight inspection.

The proposed method for conducting a flight check of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment solves the problem of increasing the operational readiness of the corresponding means for conducting flight checks, consists in the fact that an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used as an aircraft for flight check of the said means [GOST R 56122-2014 Air transport. Unmanned aerial systems. General Requirements (Reprint)]. Before the flight check, on Earth, the required values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based means of radio-technical flight support are set in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the value of the permissible measurement error determined by the UAV on-board equipment. The measured parameters and characteristics include, for example, the coverage area of the RMS, the deviation of the course line from the set position, the slope of the timing characteristic, etc. In accordance with the guidance documents, when conducting flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support equipment, an aircraft flies along a certain trajectory [Decree of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated August 24, 2005 N IL-79-p "On the introduction of methodological recommendations for flight checks of ground means of radio technical support for flights, aviation telecommunications and systems of civil aviation lighting equipment "], therefore, these trajectories are set as the initial ones, and the UAV motion parameters are set based on its flight characteristics.

When carrying out a flight check of ground-based radio-technical flight support, the UAV is controlled along a given trajectory using an onboard integrated navigation system, which may include satellite navigation, inertial navigation systems, flight speed measurement tools, but do not use signal-based navigation tools. ground-based means of radio technical support for flights subjected to flight inspection. At the same time, during the flight along a given trajectory (initial or corrected), the UAV location coordinates are measured using the onboard integrated navigation system [Yarlykov M.S., Bogachev A.S., Merkulov V.I., Drogalin V.V. Radio-electronic systems for navigation, aiming and weapon control of aircraft. T. 2. The use of aviation radio-electronic systems in solving combat and navigation tasks. Ed. M.S. Yarlykov. - M.: Radio engineering, 2012, p. 212] and filter the measured signals of the onboard integrated navigation system according to known algorithms for optimal filtering [Balakrishnan A.V. Kalman Filtration Theory: Per. from English. - M.: Mir, 1988. - 168 S.], which improves the accuracy of measuring the coordinates of the location of the UAV, and at the same time measure the values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support by on-board receivers. Further, the difference between the measured and specified values of the corresponding parameters and characteristics of ground means of radio technical support for flights is calculated. Since the values of the parameters and characteristics at the input of onboard receivers can take negative values, the modules of the obtained differences are calculated and compared with the given measurement errors. In the event that the modules of the obtained differences exceed the specified measurement errors, the trajectory and motion parameters of the UAV are corrected in proportion to the magnitude of the difference and a repeated flight is carried out along the corrected trajectory. In the event that the modules of the obtained differences do not exceed the specified measurement errors, the values of the measured coordinates of the UAV location on the trajectory and the values of the measured parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support are used to compile a report on the results of a flight check. As a result, the purpose of the invention is achieved.

The novelty of the proposed method lies in the fact that the UAV flight along a given trajectory is carried out using an integrated navigation system with subsequent correction of the UAV trajectory and motion parameters in proportion to the measured values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities, which makes it possible to carry out flight checks of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities without application of STI using UAV instead of manned ASL with personnel servicing flight control equipment.

The method can be implemented, for example, using a device located on board the UA. The diagram of the device is shown in the drawing, where the following are indicated:

1 - signal receiver of ground-based radio-technical flight support;

2 - input block;

3 - block for storing the trajectory and motion parameters;

4 - integrated navigation system;

5 - block of optimal filtration;

6 - block for storing measurement results;

7 - unit for generating control commands for the UAV;

8 - block comparison and calculation of the difference;

9 - block for correcting the trajectory and motion parameters;

10 - executive elements of the UAV;

11 - device control unit;

12 - transmitter.

The purpose of all blocks is clear from their names. The device can be implemented on elements widely used in the field of electrical engineering or in software form based on processors used in UAV control devices. The integrated navigation system can be made in the form of an inertial satellite navigation system [Yarlykov M.S., Bogachev A.S., Merkulov V.I., Drogalin V.V. Radio-electronic systems for navigation, aiming and weapon control of aircraft. T. 2. The use of aviation radio-electronic systems in solving combat and navigation tasks. Ed. M.S. Yarlykov. - M.: Radio engineering, 2012. - 256 p.]. The optimal filtering block can be made in the form of a Kalman filter [Balakrishnan A.V. Kalman Filtration Theory: Per. from English. - M.: Mir, 1988. - 168 p.].

Implementation device works as follows. On Earth, using input block 2, the required values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based means of radio technical support for flights are entered in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the value of the permissible measurement error, the initial trajectory and movement parameters of the UAV, which are recorded in the trajectory and movement parameters storage unit 3. In the control command generation unit 7, a control command is formed for the UAV actuating elements for takeoff. During the flight, the UAV location coordinates are measured using the integrated navigation system 4, which are transmitted to the optimal filtering unit 5, where, using the trajectory values and motion parameters read from the trajectory and motion parameters storage unit 3, the measured signals of the integrated navigation system 4 are filtered and they are recorded in the measurement results storage unit 6. During the flight, the parameters and characteristics of these facilities are measured in the signal receiver of the ground means of radio technical support for flights 1 and recorded in the measurement results storage unit 6. The obtained values from the measurement results storage unit 6 are transferred to the comparison unit and calculation of the difference 8, where the difference between the measured and given values of the corresponding parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support is calculated and the modules of the obtained differences are compared with the given measurement errors. In the event that the modules of the obtained differences exceed the specified measurement errors, in the trajectory and motion parameters correction block 9, the UAV trajectory and motion parameters are corrected in proportion to the difference and recorded in the trajectory and motion parameters storage block 3, after which a repeated flight along the corrected trajectory is carried out. Otherwise, in the block for generating control commands 7, a command is formed for the executive elements of the UAV 10 to land, in the control unit of the device 11, the values of the measured coordinates of the location of the UAV on the trajectory and the values of the measured parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio engineering flight support read from the block for storing the measurement results are used 6 and prepare a flight inspection report. As a result, the purpose of the invention is achieved.

Claims (1)

A method for conducting flight inspections of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities, which consists in measuring the parameters and characteristics of these facilities and compiling a report on the results of a flight test, characterized in that the required values of the parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities are additionally set in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the value of the permissible measurement error determined by the onboard equipment of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UA), set the trajectory and flight parameters of the UAV, control the UAV during flight in accordance with the specified trajectory using the onboard integrated navigation system, measure the coordinates of its location on the motion trajectory, calculate the difference between the measured and given values of the corresponding parameters and characteristics of ground-based radio-technical flight support facilities, the modules of the obtained differences are compared with the given accuracies measurements, if the modules of the obtained differences exceed the specified measurement errors, correct the trajectory and motion parameters of the UAV in proportion to the magnitude of the difference and fly along the corrected trajectory, otherwise use the values of the measured coordinates of the UAV location on the motion trajectory and the values of the measured parameters and characteristics for drawing up a report on the results of the flight inspection.

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