RU2776363C1 - Inflatable amphibious airboat - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicles, namely to water vessels adapted for movement on an air bag. An inflatable amphibious airboat includes an inflatable raft, which consists of main cylinders, forming sides and a bow of the airboat, additional cylinders placed between main cylinders along the airboat, lower and upper bottoms of the boat, forming a closed shell. In the lower bottom, holes are made for air release from a pumping engine from the mentioned shell under the airboat, as well as bottom protecting tapes. A pushing main engine is mounted on an airboat stern, a propeller of which is placed behind it with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane and creation of a traction force pushing the airboat forward. A bulwark is mounted above main cylinders of the airboat. Additional cylinders are made glued between each other and to main cylinders, forming air caverns between the main bottom, main and additional cylinders. Air caverns are made plugged in a bow and stern parts of the airboat, using partitions glued between main, additional cylinders and the main bottom, and holes for air release from the mentioned caverns are made in the main bottom between main and additional cylinders and between additional cylinders. In the front half of the airboat, between the mentioned cylinders, nozzles are mounted for pumping air to caverns by the pumping engine mounted on a rigid deck of the airboat and communicated with nozzles by an air duct passing through a hole made in the upper second bottom and the airboat deck. The airboat deck is mounted on the second bottom on a crate consisting of longitudinal and transverse guides mounted to them.

EFFECT: improvement of hydrodynamic characteristics.

8 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vehicles, namely to watercraft adapted for movement on an air cushion , B60F3/0069, B60V3/065].

It is known from the prior art RACING BOAT ON AIR Cushion [CN203974804 (U), publ.: 03.12.2014], containing a directional controller, a rudder, a pushing motor, a pushing motor fan, an air cushion skirt, a blowing motor and an engine casing, while blowing the engine is equipped with a blower fan, where the blower motor output shaft is connected to the blower shaft hub, the engine casing is located in the front of the boat hull, the direction regulator is located in the front of the boat behind the blower, and the rudder is connected to the direction regulator by a steel cable.

The disadvantage of analogue is the low reliability of the boat, due to the lack of protected bottom elements from mechanical damage, as well as low gliding properties due to the design of the boat and its shape.

Also known is a Hovercraft [CN2244008 (Y), publ.: 01/01/1997], which consists of a hull, a four-bladed counter-rotating propeller mechanism, and a lifting fan as a pillow, characterized in that a coaxial four-blade propeller is used counter-rotation with an increased number of blades and a thrust control device for a coaxial four-bladed counter-rotation propeller, the propeller reverse effect is used to increase the efficiency of the movement of the vessel and simultaneously reverse and turn, while the lift fan air intake is turned in the direction of forward movement and is located at the starboard side in the bow body parts; trajectory, directed back and down at an angle of 15-60° with the formation of the lift fan outlet in the center of the lower part of the boat hull.

The disadvantage of analogue is the high weight and size indicators due to the design features of the vessel, as well as the inability to use it for movement on land.

The closest in technical essence is the METHOD FOR REDUCING THE HYDRODYNAMIC RESISTANCE OF THE BOTTOM OF THE SHIP'S HULL, POWERED BY A PROPELLER, AND A DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION [RU2744065 (C1), publ.: 02.03.2021], which consists in the fact that air flow is supplied under the bottom of the hull vessel, characterized in that the bottom is made in the form of a closed shell, and cylinders are fixed inside the closed bottom shell, and the air flow is initially fed into the interballoon space of the closed bottom shell and directed through the holes in the lower part of the closed bottom shell, moreover, until the air flow exits to the outside to the surface of the movement it is formed and deflected towards the aft part of the bottom. A device that implements a method for reducing the hydrodynamic resistance of the bottom of the ship's hull driven by a propeller, including an air blower, characterized in that the bottom is made in the form of a closed shell, the blower is located in the aft part of the ship and is connected to a closed cavity through the transitional closed section of the pneumatic channel. bottom shell, wherein cylinders filled with pressurized gas or foam are fixed inside the closed bottom shell, holes are made in the lower part of the closed bottom shell, while protective strips are fixed outside across the lower part of the closed bottom shell, and only the front edge of the protective strip, and the rear edge of the protective strip remains free with the ability to release and cover the holes, inserts are made between the cylinders along the contact line of the cylinders, while the cylinders in cross section have a round or oval shape.

The main technical problem of the prototype is its low carrying capacity, due to the need to release most of the boat from the cargo for the transition to planing due to the placement of air forcing under the bottom of the boat in the stern. In addition, due to the low rigidity of the bottom of the vessel, its hydrodynamic characteristics are reduced. This is due to the fact that when the boat hits the water while the boat is moving, due to its low elasticity, the bottom bends inward, forming a spherical cavity under the bottom, which increases the friction force of the bottom on the water surface.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the hydrodynamic characteristics of the airboat.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that an inflatable amphibian airboat, including an inflatable raft, consisting of main cylinders, forming the sides and nose of the airboat, additional cylinders placed between the main cylinders along the airboat, the lower and upper bottom of the boat, forming a closed shell, in the bottom bottom is provided with openings for air outlet from the blowing engine from said shell for the airboat and the bottom of the belt to be protected, characterized in that it additionally contains a pushing main engine mounted at the stern of the airboat, the screw of which is placed behind it with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane and creating a thrust force pushing the airboat forward, a bulwark is mounted on top of the main cylinders of the airboat, the additional cylinders are glued between themselves and to the main cylinders, forming air caverns between the main bottom, the main and additional cylinders, which are plugged into the fore and aft parts of the airboat with the help of a fencing, glued between the main, additional cylinders and the main bottom, and the holes for air outlet from the said caverns are made in the main bottom between the main and additional cylinders and between the additional cylinders, while nozzles are mounted in the front half of the airboat between the said cylinders for injecting air into the caverns a blowing engine mounted on a rigid airboat deck and connected to the nozzles by an air duct passing through a hole made in the upper second bottom and the airboat deck, while the airboat deck is mounted on the second bottom on a crate consisting of longitudinal and transverse rails mounted to them.

In particular, the main cylinders are made tapering towards the nose of the airboat.

In particular, the main cylinders and the bulwark cylinders are multi-sectional, the internal volume of which is divided into sections by hermetic partitions, while each of the sections is equipped with a separate air valve.

In particular, the parts of the main and additional cylinders open in the stern are reinforced with polyethylene linings, with the possibility of protecting the said cylinders from damage during mechanical action on them.

In particular, the bulwark on the bow of the airboat is made forward in front of the main cylinders, and the lower main bottom of the airboat is mounted between the main cylinders and overlaps on the bulwark cylinders with the possibility of forming streamlined shapes in front and from the sides of the airboat.

In particular, scales-ribbons are mounted to the main bottom of the airboat with a call to the main cylinders.

In particular, a streamlined canopy was mounted on the deck in the bow of the airboat with access to the bulwark balloons.

In particular, the blower motor is enclosed by a streamlined casing.

Brief description of the drawings.

In Fig.1. shows a side view of an inflatable amphibious airboat.

In Fig.2. shows a front view of an inflatable amphibious airboat.

In Fig.3. shows a rear view of an inflatable amphibious airboat.

In Fig.4. shows a top view of an inflatable amphibious airboat without a second bottom.

Figure 5 shows a top view of an inflatable amphibious airboat with a mounted second bottom.

Figure 6 shows an image of a fragment of an airboat with an air duct from the side of the second bottom.

The figures indicate: 1 - main cylinders, 2 - main bottom, 3 - bulwark, 4 - additional cylinders, 5 - second bottom, 6 - partitions, 7 - diffuser, 8 - air duct, 9 - nozzles, 10 - grommet tapes, 11 - deck base pipes, 12 - cross members, 13 - deck flooring, 14 - tape scales, 15 - blowing engine, 16 - main engine frame, 17 - main engine, 18 - rotary rudders, 19 - casing, 20 - cabin, 21 - canopy.

Implementation of the invention.

The inflatable amphibious airboat contains an inflatable raft containing the main cylinders 1 (see Figure 1), forming sides tapering towards the nose of the airboat. Said cylinders 1 can be made both single-volume, equipped with one air valve, and multi-section, the internal volume of which is divided into sections by sealed partitions, each of the sections is equipped with a separate air valve (not shown in the figures).

On top of the main cylinders 1, a bulwark 3 is mounted, made of cylinders smaller than the main cylinders 1 in diameter, while on the nose of the airboat, the bulwark is made forward in front of the main cylinders 1, forming a pointed nose of the airboat. Cylinders bulwark 3, as well as the main cylinders 1, are equipped with air valves (not shown in the figures).

Between the main cylinders 1, the main bottom 2, made of flexible PVC fabric, is mounted on the bulwark cylinders 3 along the sides and on the nose of the airboat.

Between the main cylinders 1 inside the airboat along the raft to the main bottom 2 and close to each other, additional cylinders 4 are mounted, made in diameter smaller than the main cylinders 1, forming the basis of the second bottom 5 of the airboat. Mentioned additional cylinders 4, as well as the main cylinders 1, are equipped with air valves (not shown in the figures).

The main 1 and additional 4 cylinders are reinforced at the back with overlays (not shown in the figures) made of polyethylene, with the possibility of protecting the said cylinders 1 and 4 from damage during mechanical action on them.

Additional cylinders 4 between themselves and to the main cylinders 1 are made glued, forming between the main bottom 2, main 1 and additional 4 cylinders air caverns (not shown in the figures), made closed in the bow and stern parts of the airboat with the help of partitions 6 glued between the main 1, additional 4 cylinders and the main bottom 2.

Between the main 1 and additional cylinders 4, holes are made along them in the main bottom 2 (not shown in the figures), communicating the above-mentioned cavities from below under the main bottom with the environment.

From below, the said holes are closed with scales-tapes 14 mounted across the airboat along its entire width with entry to the main cylinders 1 in the direction of travel from the stern to the nose of the airboat, each of the subsequent mentioned scales-ribbons 14 is mounted overlapping the previous one. Scales-ribbons 14 are made of high-strength polyethylene and are mounted to the main bottom 2 of the airboat with a detachable connection using a cord. In one of the embodiments, the mentioned scales-tapes 14 are mounted to grommet tapes 10 pre-mounted to the main bottom 2 of the airboat.

On top of the additional cylinders 4 between the main cylinders 1, a second bottom 5 is mounted, made in the same way as the main bottom 2 of PVC fabric, while the mentioned bottom 5 is located below the upper plane of the main cylinders 1.

In the front half of the airboat, in the second bottom 5, a diffuser hole 7 is made, equipped with a flexible air duct 8 (see Fig.6), while the said air duct 8 is mounted to additional cylinders 4 with overlapping cavities formed between the second bottom 5 and additional 4 cylinders.

In the diffuser 7, between the additional cylinders 4, nozzles 9 are mounted, connecting the air duct 8 with caverns, while the caverns in the forward bow of the airboat are closed partitions (not shown in the figures) mounted between the main 1, additional 4 cylinders and the main bottom 2.

To the second bottom 5 from above along the raft above each of the additional cylinders 4, as well as to the additional cylinders 4 in the area of the diffuser 7, grommet tapes 10 are mounted (see Figure 5), made with the possibility of mounting the deck battens to them, consisting of deck base pipes 11, made of a metal profile and mounted on top of the said pipes 11 across the raft of the crossbars 12, made in the same way as the pipes of the base of the deck 11 from a metal profile. The deck 13 flooring, made of rigid sheet materials, such as plastic, plywood, etc., is mounted on the crate.

In the floor deck 13 above the diffuser 7, a hole is made according to the size of the air duct 8, above which on the deck of the airboat on a frame (not shown in the figures) a blowing engine 15 is mounted, the screw of which is located above the diffuser 7 with the possibility of forcing air through the air duct 8 and nozzles 9 into the cavities .

At the stern of the airboat on the deck, the frame of the main engine 16 is mounted, inside which, in fact, the main engine 17 is mounted. The screw of the main engine 17 is placed behind it with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane and creating a thrust force pushing the airboat forward. Behind the screw of the main engine 17, to the left and to the right of it, vertical rotary rudders 18 are mounted on the frame.

The injection motor 15 is closed by a rigid casing 19, in the front part of which air intake holes are made (not shown in the figures). Between the blower engine 15 and the main engine 17, a cabin 20 is mounted, equipped with a windshield, while the supporting structure of the cabin 20 is made of a profiled pipe made of metal or plastic. From above, the supporting structure of the cabin 20 is closed, for example, with an awning.

In the cab 20, the controls for the engines 15 and 17 and the rotary rudders 18, the driver's and passenger seats, etc. are mounted.

On the frame of the main engine 16, a mesh (lattice) protective fence is mounted with the possibility of ensuring safety from the operating main engine 17 and its propeller.

In one of the implementation options, on the deck in the bow of the airboat, a canopy 21 is mounted, made in the form of a metal frame structure, over which an awning is stretched.

The amphibious airboat is used as follows.

Initially, when the airboat is located on a water or ground surface, the injection 15 and main 17 engines are started. Their screws rotate to create directed air flows, while the air flow from the blowing engine 15 passes through the air duct 8 through the diffuser 7, nozzles 9 and through the cavities in the main bottom 2 goes out between the scales-ribbons 14, creating an air cushion under the airboat. The design feature that the air caverns formed between the main 1, additional 4 cylinders and the main bottom 2 are closed in the bow of the airboat and in the stern, ensures the direction of the entire air flow from the blowing engine 15 along the air cavities and its exit to the outside only through the holes in the main the bottom between the scales-tapes 14, eliminates the loss of the above-mentioned air flow and allows it to be fully and more efficiently used to create lifting force.

The air flow from the main engine 17 is directed behind the airboat and creates a thrust force pushing the airboat forward.

The amphibious airboat is controlled by means of rotary rudders 18 from the cockpit 20, by turning which the direction of the air flow pushing the boat is changed.

EFFECT: improvement of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the airboat is achieved due to:

- additional, in contrast to the prototype, installation at the stern of the airboat of the pushing main engine 16, which creates a pushing force and operates independently of the blowing engine 15. Placing the propeller of the main engine 17 above the water surface reduces the total resistance of the airboat by reducing the resistance of the protruding parts submerged in water ;

- forcing air from the blowing engine 15 through the air duct 8 of the diffuser 7, which communicates the said engine 15 with caverns (cavities) plugged into the bow of the boat at the stern, made between the main 1 and additional 4 cylinders and the main bottom 2 through the nozzles 9, mounted between glued together additional cylinders 4 and additional 4 and main 1 cylinders. This design ensures the efficient use of all the injected air to provide lift under the bottom of the airboat and improves the gliding qualities of the airboat;

- making the airboat deck rigid from deck deck 13, mounted between the main cylinders 1 on a rigid crate, consisting of deck base pipes 11, made of a metal profile and mounted over said pipes 11 across the raft of crossbars 12, made in the same way as deck base pipes 11 from a metal profile. Such a constructive solution increases the elasticity and ensures the rigidity of the airboat raft structure, excluding the stretching of the airboat bottom when it hits the water surface during movement. It should be borne in mind that when the airboat moves on a wave or when the longitudinal stability of the movement is lost, the instantaneous values of the angles of attack of the hull can take on a large value, then the increased aerodynamic lift leads to a periodic separation of the nose of the airboat from the water or even to a complete separation of the hull and delphinization of the airboat and in this case, the low rigidity of the bottom of the airboat leads to an increase in hydrodynamic resistance.

Claims (8)

1. Inflatable amphibious airboat, including an inflatable raft, consisting of main cylinders, forming the sides and nose of the airboat, additional cylinders placed between the main cylinders along the airboat, the lower and upper bottoms of the boat, forming a closed shell, holes for air outlet are made in the lower bottom from the injection engine from the said shell under the airboat and protecting the bottom of the tape, characterized in that it additionally contains a pushing main engine mounted on the stern of the airboat, the screw of which is placed behind it with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane and creating a thrust force pushing the airboat forward, over the main balloons of the airboat, a bulwark is mounted, additional cylinders are glued between themselves and to the main cylinders, forming air caverns between the main bottom, main and additional cylinders, which are plugged into the fore and aft parts of the airboat using partitions glued between the main, additional ba and the main bottom, and the holes for air outlet from the said caverns are made in the main bottom between the main and additional cylinders and between the additional cylinders, while in the front half of the airboat between the said cylinders there are nozzles for forcing air into the caverns by a blowing engine mounted on a rigid deck airboat and connected with the nozzles by an air duct passing through a hole made in the upper second bottom and the airboat deck, while the airboat deck is mounted on the second bottom on the crate, consisting of longitudinal and transverse rails mounted to them. 2. The amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the main cylinders are made tapering towards the nose of the airboat. 3. The amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the main cylinders and bulwark cylinders are multi-sectional, the internal volume of which is divided into sections by hermetic partitions, each of the sections is equipped with a separate air valve. 4. Amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the main and additional cylinders open in the stern are reinforced with polyethylene linings, with the possibility of protecting the said cylinders from damage during mechanical action on them. 5. The amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulwark on the nose of the airboat is made forward in front of the main cylinders, and the lower main bottom of the airboat is mounted between the main cylinders and overlaps on the bulwark cylinders with the possibility of forming streamlined forms in front and from the sides of the airboat. 6. The amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the scales-ribbons are mounted to the main bottom of the airboat with a call to the main cylinders. 7. Amphibious airboat according to claim 1, characterized in that a streamlined canopy is mounted on the deck in the bow of the airboat with access to the bulwark cylinders. 8. Aeroboat-amphibian according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection engine is closed by a streamlined casing.

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