RU2776283C2 - Pulse sprayer made of standard combat and dummy weapon with super-caliber nozzle on barrel of weapon for charging and spraying with shot of extinguishing agents and natural agents - water, sand, soil, dust - when extinguishing wildfires - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire extinguishing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a pulse super-caliber sprayer containing a butt-handle, a shock-starting device, a barrel equipped with a cartridge with a spray charge and a fire extinguishing agent. In this case, dummy weapon is used, unsuitable for charging a standard cartridge with a bullet or shot and charged only with a blank cartridge with an increased charge of quick-burning powder, or weapon, which is not dummy. A transitional coupling is screwed onto a barrel section, and a super-caliber pipe is tightly put on and fixed to it, into a channel of which a bottle-shaped container filled with a fire extinguishing agent is inserted. At the same time, a neck of the container is screwed on a bayonet into the coupling channel coaxially with the barrel channel. The pipe length is not less than 1.5 the length of the container. A portion of sand or soil is charged directly into the barrel channel, and is fixed in it with wads on both sides of the portion. The sprayer is used in the field of extinguishing fires, mainly natural, large-scale, when military units with a large number of personnel are involved in extinguishing operations. Another application of the sprayer is for fire paratroopers – aviation and ground, traveling on motorcycles and cross-country vehicles (jeeps). Greater autonomy of a fire extinguisher is achieved by a combination of carrying a set of compact spray cartridges and the first time-achieved possibility of effective extinguishing with long-range and large-scale spraying of natural sand, water, soil. The sprayer has no close analogues in extinguishing forest fires, where its unique advantages are most important: autonomy, range and capability of effective spraying various natural materials – soil, dirt, sand, dust, muddy water, snow. This gives a serious gain in weight and cost of components necessary for extinguishing, which must be delivered to a fire site (blank cartridges and weapons themselves, fire extinguishing agent – soil is present in unlimited volume at the fire site and costs nothing, a shovel (for filling the sprayer with soil) is an element of the standard equipment of a serviceman, and is also a regular element of equipment of any cross-country vehicle). For extinguishing in skyscrapers or underground structures, the most important are range, compactness, minimum weight of a container case, combined extinguishing by successive use of containers equipped with various extinguishing agents.

EFFECT: essential advantages of a sprayer are the small weight of the sprayer and ammunition for it, compactness and suitability for parachuting and non-parachute methods.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

This invention, hereinafter referred to as a sprayer, relates to the field of extinguishing fires, mainly natural, multiple over a large area, large-scale, when military units are involved in extinguishing operations. Another application of the sprayer for fire troopers is aviation, delivered to the fire zone by planes and helicopters, or coming to the fire on motorcycles and jeeps.

Analog. Known pneumatic, impulse, knapsack fire extinguisher "IFEX-3012" with a knapsack tank with a capacity of 10 l, a cylinder of compressed air up to 250-300 atm, water and air dispensers, hoses for their supply to the hand barrel - air under pressure of 25-30 atm into the accumulation chamber pressure in the breech breech, water is supplied in a volume of one liter into the bore. When the trigger is pressed, the high-pressure valve opens, and compressed air throws out a liter of finely atomized 20-100 microns of water, effectively extinguishing 0.5-1 m with one spray from a distance of up to 0.5-0.7 m.

Disadvantages: 1 - the small radius of effective extinguishing makes the firefighter work in the danger zone; the possibility of rupture of high-pressure cylinders and hoses in the zone of the damaging, thermal radiation of the flame and the intense release of a cloud of superheated steam when finely atomized water contacts a burning or heated surface in the flame - makes the fireman work only in a heavy protective suit such as a spacesuit; 2 - large size and weight, make it difficult to carry over long distances and require the equipment of a special storage place; 3 - the complexity of the design, its operation, low reliability and stability of the spray requires a highly qualified specialist; 4 - the use of only high-quality purified water, a special station for reloading cylinders makes it difficult to ensure continuous operation; 4 - it is practically impossible to create a pneumo-pulse, compact, simple, lightweight, reliable sprayer that extinguishes from a distance of at least 3 m - safe from steam and an area up to 10 m effectively with one spray.

Prototype. Known developments of pulse, pyrotechnic fire extinguishers (see Russian patent No. 2055767 and Ukrainian patents No. 75944, No. 13852 A) with high fire extinguishing efficiency, range and scale of extinguishing, simple design and operation-reliability. Their designs are relatively bulky, complex, which does not allow to create a spray device of the required simplicity, compactness for sale without restrictions. Various impulse, one-liter fire extinguishers, container reloading, designed and manufactured under the license of the author in FSUE "KNIIM" (Russia), by "Highland Technologies") (UK) and "Peromex" (Switzerland), State Kyiv Design Bureau "Luch" (Ukraine) - successfully tested in the field. But their work, as well as analogue, requires the supply of containers loaded with fire extinguishing agents, which is difficult or impossible in forest fires.

The objective of this invention is to ensure autonomous, long-term work of a firefighter, a volunteer rescuer in the forest with a spray gun based on a chilled weapon, and military personnel and employees of the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Russian Guard, the FSB, the FSO on the basis of their regular combat (personal) weapons in the forest-steppe, steppe for extinguishing many local fires over a large area by creating an autonomous, universal, impulse manual sprayer (hereinafter referred to as the sprayer), compact, light weight, fast reloading, effective extinguishing from a safe distance, simplicity and low cost of production, operation and long-term storage.

This problem is solved by the fact that a pulsed, over-caliber atomizer containing a butt (handle), a shock-starter, a barrel equipped with a cartridge with a spray charge, and a fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that a chilled weapon is used unsuitable for loading a standard cartridge with a bullet or shot and loaded only with a blank cartridge with an increased charge of fast-burning powder or a weapon that has not been chilled; an adapter sleeve is screwed onto the barrel cut, and an over-caliber, calibrated pipe is tightly put on and fixed on it, into the channel of which a bottle-shaped container filled with a fire extinguishing agent is inserted, while the neck of the container is screwed onto the bayonet into the sleeve channel coaxially with the barrel channel, the pipe length is at least 1, 5 container lengths; and a portion of sand or soil is charged directly into the bore and fixed in it with wads on both sides of the portion.

Pulse, over-caliber sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that for loading and spraying sorbents that localize and eliminate oil spills, containers with a capacity of 2 to 10 liters are used with a pipe length of at least two container lengths, when using a sorbent sprayer from the side of the engine boat, rescue boat, ship, tanker, ship, for spraying with a shot from the stop, rods-swivels are used, made on the poles of the side fence or on board. Pulse, over-caliber atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that a clip with a second holding handle is put on the outside of the muzzle of the barrel, while the butt-handle of the weapon is the first holding handle; for ease of use, the second is equipped with a hilt that covers the end surface of the hand and is covered with shock-absorbing material, foamed rubber and equipped with springs that dampen partially the recoil force when fired, and the second handle folds towards the muzzle of the barrel or in the opposite direction, and the second handle is made coaxially with the first handle or shifted relative to it by 30°-160°.

A brief description of the drawings of the sprayer shown in Figures 1, 2, 3. Figure 1 shows a sprayer loaded with bulk fire extinguishing or inert material directly into the pipe channel, where 1 is the barrel of the weapon, 2 is the adapter sleeve, 3 is the thread for attaching the sleeve to the muzzle of the barrel , 4 - hemispherical surface of the muff behind the cut of the bore, 5 - ledge on the muff for the wad, 6 - moisture-resistant cardboard or foam rubber or multilayer wad, including a layer of elastic film, 7 - recesses on the surface of the bore for fixing the wads - 6, 8 - fire extinguishing agent or natural sand, soil, dirt, dust, 9 - holding the second handle on the barrel - 1, over-caliber nozzle - pipe - 10.

Figure 2 shows a spray gun loaded with sand in a container with a cut bottom inserted into the pipe channel, where 1 is the barrel of the weapon, 2 is the adapter coupling, 3 is the thread for fastening the coupling on the muzzle of the barrel, 4 is the hemispherical surface of the coupling under the hemispherical part of the neck - 13 bottle-shaped container - 12 in the pipe channel - 10, 8 - fire extinguishing composition or non-combustible, natural material, 9 - holding the second handle on the barrel - 1, over-caliber nozzle - pipe - 10, 11 - screw for fastening the coupling to the barrel -1 on the threaded , the muzzle of the barrel, 12 - a reusable bottle-shaped container with a cut bottom for loading sand, powder, soil, water into the pipe channel, 14 - moisture-resistant cardboard wad or foam rubber or multilayer, including a layer of elastic film, 15 - the neck of the bottle-shaped container - 12 with an external thread - 13 for fastening the container in the coupling channel - 2,

Figure 3 shows a sprayer loaded with a liquid or viscous fire extinguishing agent or water in a sealed container, where 1 is the weapon barrel, 2 is a transitional coupling, 3 is the coupling fastening thread on the muzzle of the barrel, 4 is the hemispherical neck of the bottle-shaped container - 12 in the coupling recess inside the channel of the overcaliber pipe - 10, 8 - liquid fire extinguishing composition or water, 9 - holding the second handle on the barrel - 1, 11 - screw for fastening the coupling to the barrel of the weapon next to the threaded, muzzle of the barrel, 15 - the neck of the bottle-shaped container - 12 s external thread - 13 for fastening the container in the channel of the coupling - 2, 9 - holding the second handle on the barrel - 1, 12 - a disposable bottle-shaped container with a bottom - 16 profiled, which makes the bottom break profile the same and stabilizes the range and area of extinguishing, also increases it resistance to small impacts from the outside, possible during transportation, carrying and loading.

The extinguishing composition 8 can be liquid (water and its solutions), gel-like (Pyrocool, Pyrocoom, Firesorbent), powder, loose or granular. Wad - 6 porous and elastic can be made of a foam cylinder, with a diameter greater than the caliber of the opening of the bottle neck, sealed elastic membranes are glued to the ends of the wad. A shoulder strap is attached to the base of the handles.

The sprayer works as follows. In the variant of the Sprayer loaded with natural materials directly into the pipe channel - the over-caliber part of the barrel (Figure 1), loading: - the sprayer rests with the butt on the ground and is held by the barrel with one hand - 1, the other hand inserts the wad - 6 into the bottom of the pipe channel - 10 and a special with a spatula, soil, sand, dirt or dust falls asleep to the level of 0.5 l, 1 l, 1.5 l in the pipe channel, compacts the filled and closes the top with a wad - 6, fixed in the groove - 7, the other hand inserts the wads - 6 at the bottom pipe channel - 10 and with a special spatula fills the soil, sand, dirt or dust. The sprayer is put on the neck by the belt, taken with one hand from above by the butt of the weapon and with the other hand by the second handle - 9, the hand that took the butt of the weapon cocks the bolt, transferring the cartridge into the chamber and presses the fuse.

In the version of the Sprayer with a reusable container without a bottom (Fig. 2), sand, soil are poured into it, and the container is charged into the pipe channel - 10, the hand takes the container - 12 with a cut bottom and the other hand with a special spatula fills the soil, sand, dirt or dust up to a level of 4-5 cm below the cut level of the bottom of the container, compacts the stuffed and closes the hole tightly with at least one wad. The atomizer belt is put on the neck, taken with one hand from above by the butt of the weapon and with the other hand by the second handle - 9, the hand that took the butt of the weapon cocks the bolt, transferring the cartridge into the chamber and pressing the fuse. Then the atomizer is held by the butt with one hand, and the other hand takes the container and inserts it into the pipe channel, screwing the container - 12 until it stops into the thread - 13 or the bayonet connection of the coupling - 2.

In the version of the Sprayer with a disposable, sealed, bottle-shaped container (Figure 3), the presence of a seal on the container lid -12 is checked, which is an indicator of the suitability of the container for use. The sprayer is put on the neck by the belt, taken with one hand from above by the butt of the weapon and with the other hand by the second handle - 9, the hand that took the butt of the weapon cocks the bolt, transferring the cartridge into the chamber and presses the fuse. The hand holds the butt, and the other hand unscrews the safety cover from the neck of the container and inserts the container into the pipe channel with the neck, screwing its thread - 13 until it stops into the thread of the coupling - 2.

After the types of equipment described, the Sprayer is aimed at the target with two hands, holding the butt and the second handle - 9 from above, the hand holding the butt removes the fuse with a finger and pulls the trigger. The percussion device is triggered, and the striker breaks the cartridge primer, the igniter creates a force of fire that ignites the powder charge, the combustion of which creates a propellant wave of powder gases, a collapsing wad that penetrates the OS mass, mixes with the OS and creates a powerful gas-dispersed flow with a compacted front, which breaks the bottom - 13 profiles, as a result, almost the same sprays are created from shot to shot. The range and area of the effective impact of the front are experimentally established L=10-25 m and S=3-10 m ² , depending on the type of the sprayed composition (Fig. 4) military weapons designs, or removed manually. The device is ready for reloading in 10-20 seconds and for a new spray shot. When spraying heavy natural materials, with great impact (Fig. 4), it is necessary to rest the heel of the butt against the ground, stump or tree.

The sprayer has no close analogues in extinguishing forest fires, where its unique advantages are important: autonomy, range and the ability to effectively spray various natural materials - soil, mud, sand, dust, muddy water, snow (Figures 1 and 4), which gives a serious gain in terms of mass and cost of the components necessary for extinguishing that must be delivered to the fire site (blank cartridges and the weapon itself, fire extinguishing composition - soil at the fire site is present in an unlimited volume and costs nothing, a shovel (for filling the spray gun with soil) is an element of the standard equipment of a soldier , and is also a regular element of equipping any off-road equipment). For extinguishing in skyscrapers or underground structures, the most important range, compactness, minimum weight of the container body, combined extinguishing by the consistent use of containers equipped with various fire extinguishing compositions.

New hand sprayers are needed by many professional firefighters, foresters, rescuers, security guards of various factories, power plants, warehouses, including gas and oil, chemical, military; administrative and residential buildings, such as high-rise buildings, mansions, etc. The sprayers are compact, long-range, versatile, easy to handle, lightweight, reliable, versatile, immediately actuated, work reliably and stably even after long-term storage in various weather and climate conditions. The main advantages of the proposed device: low weight of the spray gun and extinguishing ammunition, compactness and suitability for parachute and non-parachute landing methods.

Claims (3)

1. A pulsed over-caliber atomizer containing a butt-handle, a shock-starter, a barrel equipped with a cartridge with a spray charge and a fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that a blanked weapon is used that is unsuitable for loading a standard cartridge with a bullet or shot and is loaded only with a blank cartridge with an increased charge of fast-burning powder, or a weapon that has not been chilled; an adapter sleeve is screwed onto the barrel cut, and an over-caliber calibrated pipe is tightly put on and fixed on it, into the channel of which a bottle-shaped container filled with a fire extinguishing agent is inserted, while the neck of the container is screwed onto the bayonet into the sleeve channel coaxially with the barrel channel, the pipe length is at least 1.5 container length; and a portion of sand or soil is charged directly into the bore and fixed in it with wads on both sides of the portion. 2. Pulse over-caliber sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that containers with a capacity of 2 to 10 liters are used for loading and spraying sorbents that localize and eliminate oil spills, with a pipe length of at least two container lengths, when using a sorbent sprayer from the side motor boat, rescue boat, ship, tanker, ship for spraying with a shot from the stop, rods-swivels are used, made on the poles of the side fence or on board. 3. Pulse over-caliber atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that a clip with a second holding handle is put on the outside of the muzzle of the barrel, while the butt-handle of the weapon is the first holding handle; for ease of use, the second handle is equipped with a hilt that covers the end surface of the hand, and is covered with shock-absorbing material, foamed rubber and equipped with springs that dampen partially recoil force when fired, and the second handle folds towards the muzzle of the barrel or in the opposite direction, and the second handle is made coaxially with the first handle or offset relative to it by 30°-160°.

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