RU2774416C1 - Cutlet machine with a sliding mold for molding non-flowing sticky food masses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of food industry, in particular to equipment for the manufacture of food semi-finished products from various food masses, such as meatballs, minced meat and vegetable meatballs, cheesecakes. The cutlet machine has a container for minced meat, a solid flat or drum-like plate with one or more holes for molding products, ejectors for finished products. The plate with holes has a cut passing through these holes, which allows to move apart the parts of the plate in directions parallel to its surface, and ensures the supply of minced meat from the container into the space between the parted parts of the plate. The connection of the parts of the plate occurs in the manufacturing cycle of each product with a force sufficient to move and compress the stuffing in the molding holes.

EFFECT: use of the invention will improve the quality of molding food products while reducing energy costs.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES:

The invention relates to the field of food industry, in particular to equipment for the manufacture of semi-finished food products from various solid food masses, for example, cutlets, meatballs from minced meat and vegetable, cheesecakes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Since the middle of the 20th century, highly efficient automatic machines for making cutlets and similar culinary products have become widespread. Of these, the models in which the dosing of the food mass (minced meat) and the simultaneous molding of the product were carried out by filling the cavity made in the form of a hole in a thick plate of solid material with minced meat became the most popular. In this case, the plate can be flat or be the wall of a cylinder (drum). Despite numerous structural differences in details, all these automata have common principles of design and operation, which can be described as follows.

The machine includes:

1. Capacity for minced meat

2. Injection device

3. A form made in the form of a solid flat or drum-like plate with one or more holes

4. A number of ejectors for finished products. The ejectors are pistons capable of moving inside the holes of the plate.

In the process of manufacturing the product, the injection device feeds the minced meat from the container into the holes made in the plate. The pressure created by the supercharger forces the stuffing to fill the entire volume of the hole, thereby ensuring volumetric dosing and copying the shape of the hole by the product. Then the excess stuffing is cut off along the surface of the plate, and the molded product is pushed out of the hole by a piston.

The simplicity and effectiveness of this principle are the reason that the work of a huge number of models of cutlet machines that cannot be listed is based on it. However, this principle of design and operation of the cutlet machine can be further improved in some respects.

From engineering rheology, it is known that minced meats, depending on the composition and preparation technology, can have varying degrees of fluidity and, accordingly, approach solids or liquids in their properties. For the normal functioning of the cutlet machine described above, it is necessary that the pressure created by the supercharger on the minced meat is sufficiently uniformly transmitted in all directions inside the minced meat, only under these conditions, the minced meat coming from the end of the cylindrical mold cavity fills the entire volume of the cavity evenly. The property of transmitting pressure equally in all directions is characteristic of liquids and is the reason for their ability to flow. If the stuffing resembles wet sand in its properties, then the pressure exerted on the stuffing from the end of the cylindrical mold cavity does not lead to uniform filling of the cavity, no matter how great this pressure is.

For the applicability of the described cutlet machine, technologists have to spend considerable effort on the development of minced meat recipes oriented to this principle of molding products; recipes that are unsuitable for this principle have to be discarded.

The reason for the present invention was the need to mold mince products with very low fluidity (similar to wet sand). In particular, minced raw hard vegetables with fairly large particles have such properties.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

To ensure the formation of products from minced meat with very low fluidity, the following changes are made to the principle of the device and operation of the cutlet machine. The plate, which should have holes for molding products, is cut into two parts. Holes for molding are made along the cutting line of the plate. If a geometric figure, which is the base of a cylindrical hole, allows an axis of symmetry, then this axis of symmetry should be located along the cut line or next to it. In the simplest example, when the base of a cylindrical hole is a circle, the centers of these circles should go along the cut line.

When filling the molds with minced meat, the parts of the plate move apart in different directions from the cut line, thus freeing up enough space for minced meat to enter. In this case, minced meat can be supplied at an arbitrarily low pressure, since the minced meat supply pressure in this case is not used in any way to mold the product. Then the plates are closed back. When the parts of the plate approach each other, their end surfaces act like shovels of a bulldozer, raking the stuffing and filling the mold cavities in all corners.

In this case, the blower is redundant. More precisely, that part of the functionality of the injection device, which was responsible for compressing the stuffing inside the mold cavities, is performed by the moving parts of the mold themselves. And that part of the functionality of the pumping device, which was responsible for moving the main mass of minced meat towards the forming body, can be performed by gravity, if the container with minced meat is made in the form of a funnel above the forming body. At the same time, due to the fact that energy losses for moving the entire mass of minced meat under significant pressure disappear, the power consumption of the machine drops significantly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

figure 1 - the drawing shows sequentially from top to bottom:

a) a general view of one of the possible options for a plate with holes for molding, made as an implementation of the present invention, in the extended state.

b) view of the same plate in plan, in a closed state.

c) section of the plate from point b) along the line A-A. Similar sections are used in all the following drawings, which illustrate the operation of possible automata according to the principle of the present invention.

The following drawings contain schematic sections of two possible automata built on the principle of the present invention. These sections illustrate the phases of the cycle performed by the machine during the molding of the product.

The drawings in FIG. 2 - fig.5 contain schematic sections of the simplest automaton from paragraph 1 of the section "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION".

The drawings in FIG. 6 - fig.9 contain schematic sections of a more complex automaton from paragraph 2 of the "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION" section.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The following are two embodiments of the invention

5. One of the simplest models, which does not allow changing the mass of the product by simply adjusting the machine.

6. A more complex model that allows you to change the mass of the product by adjusting it during operation, including automatically.

Let's describe the device and the process of operation of each of the machines, using the drawings.

Let's start with the simplest model. In FIG. 2 are numbered:

1 - A container with minced meat, expanding upwards. The container at its bottom has flat holes in the form of slots on the left and right, through which parts of the plate with holes for molding move along the flat bottom of the container.

2 - Cut plate with holes in the form of circular cylinders for molding. The cross section of the plate is given along a line passing through the centers of the cylindrical holes, as shown in Fig. one.

3 - Cylindrical piston for pushing finished products out of the mold.

4 - Department of the container with minced meat, which can be called a sealing chamber.

In FIG. 2 shows the initial phase of the molding cycle of the next product. The molding of the previous product is completed and this product is pushed out by the piston which has passed through the hole in the plate.

In FIG. 3 shows the next phase of the cycle: the ejector piston has risen to its original position, the plate parts are moving to the left.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the third phase of the cycle: the left part of the plate continues to move to the left, the right part of the plate has stopped at a given position, so that the molding hole is inside the sealing chamber, uncompacted minced meat enters the space between the parts of the plate under the action of gravity.

In FIG. 5 shows the final phase of the cycle: the left part of the plate moves to the right, the right part of the plate is fixed with force in the previous position, the stuffing is compressed by parts of the plate in the seal chamber, the excess stuffing is squeezed out through the channel between the left edge of the forming hole in the plate and the left raised edge of the seal chamber. The molding of the product is completed, the transition to the initial phase of the cycle, illustrated in Fig. 2.

In the described version of the machine, the minced meat fills the entire volume of the forming hole in the plate, so the mass of the product cannot be changed without changing the density of the minced meat or without replacing the plates. A slight complication of the design allows you to create a model of the machine, in which the mass of the product allows easy adjustment.

Consider Fig. 6, which shows the initial phase of the complicated automaton cycle. The following changes have been made to the design of the machine:

a) the container with minced meat does not have a sealing chamber

b) for the right slot of the tank, a damper 5 has been added, which can move up and down

c) another row of pistons 6 has been added, tightly fitting into the forming holes of the plate, like pushing pistons.

In FIG. 7 shows the next phase of the cycle: the pushing piston has risen to its original position, the parts of the plate move to the left, and the right part of the plate stops at the right edge of the bottom of the tank, while the left part continues to move further.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows the third phase of the cycle: the shutter is lowered, the left part of the plate begins to move back towards the shutter, while a zone of evenly compacted meat is formed between the plate and the shutter, excess meat from the space between the left edge of the forming hole in the plate and the shutter is squeezed upwards. When a certain predetermined distance L is reached between the left edge of the forming hole in the plate and the shutter, the plate stops.

In FIG. 9 shows the final phase of the cycle: the shutter is raised, the compacted layer of minced meat is pushed from the left side of the plate from the container to the right, until the mold parts are connected, the upper surface of the minced meat in the mold cavity is leveled and compacted by an additional piston. The molding of the product is completed, the transition to the initial phase of the cycle, illustrated in Fig. 6.

In the described version of the machine, minced meat can partially fill the mold cavity, the volume of minced meat entering the mold cavity is determined by the distance L from the third phase of the cycle. This distance can be easily adjusted, for example, by changing the number of pulses given to the stepper motor, which is responsible for moving the left side of the mold. This makes it possible, in particular, to automatically adjust the weight of the finished product.

The following examples of the invention are illustrative and do not limit the possible embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (1)

Cutlet machine for molding non-fluid sticky food mass-minced meat, characterized in that it has a container for minced meat, a solid flat or drum-like plate with one or more holes for molding products, ejectors of finished products made in the form of pistons, while the plate with holes has a cut passing through these holes, allowing you to push the parts of the plate in directions parallel to its surface, and ensuring the supply of minced meat from the container into the space between the parted parts of the plate, and the connection of the parts of the plate occurs in the manufacturing cycle of each product with a force sufficient to move and compressing the stuffing in the molding holes.

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