RU2771083C1 - Method for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of a power line and a system for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and is intended for monitoring the condition of insulators of an overhead power transmission line. The group of inventions includes a method for monitoring the condition of insulators, comprising the installation of a passive RFID tag on the insulator, the supply of a probing signal from the reader through a transmitting device and antenna towards insulators with upgraded passive RFID tags, the reception by the antenna and the reader receiver of a response signal from RFID tags, data transmission to the control room, the reader is transferred to the power line support of the controlled area, after switching on the reader, the antenna is directed towards each insulator of the power line support, on the screen of a tablet or smartphone, the number of serviceable/faulty insulators is obtained, then when you click on the support number on the screen, an image of the support appears with the location of serviceable/faulty insulators on it, after which the received data is saved, the described actions are repeated with subsequent supports and the system implementing it.

EFFECT: increase in the functionality of monitoring the dielectric state of insulators.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and is intended to monitor the condition of overhead power line insulators and their radio frequency identification.

A device and a system for monitoring equipment condition parameters are known (Patent RU 2608790 IPC G01D 3/00 (2006.01), G01D 9/00 (2006.01), G01H 1/00 (2006.01), G01K 1/00 (2006.01), publ. 24.01.2017 , bul. No. 5) - a multifunctional device for monitoring the parameters of the state of the equipment contains a housing, interaction elements, a control processor, a power connector connected to the battery, an RFID reader, a Bluetooth module, a thermal imager connected to a video camera, and a vibrometer. The control processor is configured to initiate the operations of reading the RFID tag of the equipment, extracting information from the RFID tag, transmitting information to the crawler's mobile device, activating the thermal imager or vibrometer, obtaining the state parameters of the equipment being checked, transmitting information about the received equipment state parameters to the crawler's mobile device.

The disadvantage of the known device and the system for monitoring the parameters of the state of the equipment is that the installed RFID tag is used only to identify the equipment to which it is attached, while the amount of information is limited by the individual tag code, on which the data input from various devices attached to the multifunctional device is based. through a plug. In addition, a multifunctional device with replaceable devices (thermal imager or vibrometer) and a mobile crawler device are a set of separate devices and devices, each of which has individual technical parameters and operating conditions. The multifunctional device is not desirable for use at high humidity and at low temperatures. For ease of maintenance of the device, you will need special stands and / or devices for assembling elements into a single device and reconfiguring the program, taking into account the connected equipment.

A known method for continuous monitoring of the state of the contact network of rail transport (Patent 2701887, publ. 02.10.2019, bull. No. 28, IPC B61K 9/08, V60M 1/12), which consists in the fact that information is continuously collected from the suspension sensors of the anchor section of the contact networks, process information, determine the possible presence of an emergency, and notify personnel of a detected emergency on mobile devices of operational personnel who serve the anchor site. This method is multi-element, it includes blocks for collecting (and transmitting) information, local servers, intermediate servers, a central server, an information processing unit, etc., with the help of which information is received and processed continuously.

The disadvantage of this multi-element method is the complexity of practical implementation, which consists in the fact that each unit and sensor require additional power sources to ensure their operation, and in the event of a power failure of one or more elements of the system, a false alarm to personnel about an emergency may occur, leading to additional costs for the departure of the operational team to eliminate the emergency. In addition to the diagnosable equipment of the contact network and rail transport, it is necessary to diagnose and check the many sensors connected to them that are in difficult operating conditions, as well as periodically carry out maintenance of the blocks for collecting, processing and storing information, which requires additional time, labor and financial resources.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed method and system is a method for recognizing a faulty insulator (Patent RU 2542674 C1, IPC G06K 9/03, publ. 20.02.2015, bull. No. 5) and the system described therein. The method for recognizing a faulty insulator consists in upgrading a passive RFID tag by excluding the current-conducting line of the antenna located parallel to the microcircuit from the standard RFID tag scheme, creating a database for the controlled area, picketage, support number with insulators, identifying each insulator by attaching to a modernized passive RFID tag is assigned to it, an individual code is assigned to the chip of its microcircuit, and a reader containing a transceiver and an antenna is installed on a mobile vehicle, the reader is connected to a computer with the appropriate software, the vehicle is moved along the controlled area, continuously fed from the reader through the transmitter and the antenna, a broadband probing signal towards the insulators with RFID tags, receive the response signal from the RFID tags by the antenna and the receiving device of the reader, determine the number of RFID tags that did not respond, process the results are determined by the software, the location of damaged insulators is determined, the data obtained is displayed on a computer monitor and transmitted to the control room.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is not always possible to drive a vehicle along the power line, since the roadway may be further than the readable distance. In addition, to supply a continuously probing signal from the reader, a constant source of electrical energy of a large capacity is required.

The technical objective of the invention is to create a technical solution that allows, by marking and automated control, to keep track of insulators, determine the dielectric state of insulators and the location of insulators on an overhead power line support, including hard-to-reach places.

The technical result is an increase in the functionality of monitoring the dielectric state of insulators.

To solve the problem and achieve the technical result, a method and system for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of the power line have been developed.

In a method for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of a power line, including installing a passive RFID tag on the insulator, supplying a probing signal from the reader through the transmitter and antenna towards insulators with upgraded passive RFID tags, receiving a response signal from RFID by the antenna and the receiving device of the reader -tags, creation of a database containing data on the controlled area, the number of the support with insulators, identification of each insulator by attaching a modernized passive RFID tag to it, assigning an individual code to the RFID tag chip, processing the results using software, determining the location of damaged insulators , data transmission to the control room, according to the invention, the reader is transferred to the power line support of the controlled area, after turning on the reader, the antenna is directed towards each insulator of the power line support, on the reader’s screen they receive the number of serviceable / faulty insulators, then when you click on the pole number on the screen, an image of the pole appears with the location of serviceable / faulty insulators on it, after which the received data is saved in the form of a file that is transmitted via wireless communication or a flash card to the database of the controlled section of the power line , to further control the section of the power line, the described actions are repeated with subsequent supports.

In the system for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of a power line, containing a reader with a transceiver and an antenna, a modernized tag consisting of a housing, a tag antenna, a chip, and software, according to the invention, the reader is portable and contains a radio module to which it is attached external transceiver antenna with a radiation pattern from 15° to 180° to reduce the loss of transmitted energy, a tablet or smartphone with software that allows you to account for insulators, enter data on the location of insulators on the supports of a section of a power line, receive and store information on the number of good and faulty insulators, which allows you to adjust the output power of the radio module, a step-up voltage converter from 3.7 V to 5 V to maintain the voltage level in the radio module, a microcontroller module with software whose algorithm controls the radio booster converter and communication of a tablet or smartphone with a radio module wirelessly, batteries that provide power to both the reader and the tablet or smartphone, a battery charge controller, while the tablet or smartphone is connected to the wireless communication module, in addition, it is installed in the upgraded RFID tag, according to at least one shunt with a specified width of the conductive layer for current from 0.1 A to 50 A.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the control of RFID tags installed on the insulator reader, figure 2 shows a block diagram of a portable reader.

Figure 1 shows the control of the RFID tags installed on the insulator by the reader, shows the upgraded RFID tags 1, mounted on the insulators 2, the reader 3 with a transmit-receive antenna 4, the probing signal 6, the response signal 7, the bypasser 5 and the overhead line support 8 power transmission.

The essence of the method for monitoring the state of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of the power line is that a passive RFID tag 1 (Fig.1-2) is installed on the insulator 2 (Fig.1) as an indicator to determine the dielectric state of the insulator 2 and its identification. During a bypass or inspection of an overhead power line, the lineman 5 (figure 1) approaches the support 8 of the controlled area, connects the reader 3, directs the transmit-receive antenna 4 towards each insulator 2 of the overhead power line. The reader 3 (figure 1) emits a probing signal 6 (figure 2) and receives response signals 7 from RFID tags 1 (figure 1-2) attached to the insulators 2 (figure 1). The received response signals 7 (Fig.1-2) of the upgraded RFID tags 1 are recorded by the reader 3 (Fig.1), the screen of which displays the number of serviceable / faulty insulators 2. When you click on the screen on the support number 8 (Fig.2) appears the image of the support 8 with the location on it serviceable / faulty insulators 2 (figure 1). The results of monitoring the condition of the insulators 2 (figure 1) crawler 5 saves in the form of a file on the reader 3, and also transfers to the control room, the responsible manager and the server with a database on the controlled area. The responsible manager analyzes the results of the report, compares with the information stored on the server and determines the actions for further maintenance of the controlled area and located on supports 8 insulators 2 (figure 1-2).

Figure 2 shows a block diagram explaining the operation of the system for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach areas. The main components of the system are insulators 2 (figure 1) with upgraded RFID tags 1 (figure 1-2) and a portable reader 3 with a transceiver antenna 4 (figure 1-2). Portable reader 3 (figure 1) with an external transceiver antenna 4 (figure 1-2) consists of a microcontroller module 9 (figure 2), a radio module 10, a wireless power module 11 with a planar antenna 12, for wireless communication with the tablet or smartphone 13, boost converter 14, batteries 15, battery charge controller 16 and key 17 (figure 2).

The limited range of the radiation pattern from 15° to 180° external transceiver antenna 4 (figure 1-2) reduces the loss of transmitted energy from the radio module 10 (figure 2) towards the upgraded RFID tags 2 (figure 1-2), which amplifies both the probing signal 6 and the response signals 7 and allows you to increase the registration range of the label 1 (figure 1-2). The transceiver antenna 4 (figure 1-2) is connected by a coaxial cable to the radio module 10 (figure 2).

The radio module 10 (figure 2) emits electromagnetic energy in the frequency range from 865 MHz to 868 MHz and from 902 MHz to 928 MHz, receives and decodes the response signal 7 (figure 1) of the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) in the same frequency range. If the response signal 7 (figure 1) from the upgraded RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) arrived at the radio module 10 (figure 2), then it is considered that the insulator 2 (figure 1) is working if the response signal 7 is absent - insulator 2 is defective.

The microcontroller module 9 (figure 2) controls the radio module 10, controls the boost converter 14 and connects the tablet or smartphone 13 with the wireless communication module 11 via a planar antenna 12.

The radio module 10 (figure 2), the controller module 9, the wireless communication module 11, as well as the tablet or smartphone 13 are powered by batteries 15. Removable batteries 15 (figure 2) can be replaced in the field or recharged from the network through the charge controller 16. The charge level of the batteries 15 (figure 2) of the reader 3 (figure 1) is displayed on the screen of the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2). Using the button to enable the reader 3 (figure 1), which is controlled by the key 17 (figure 2) closes the power circuit, the reader 3 (figure 1) is turned on. The algorithm of the microcontroller module 9 controls the boost converter 14, which increases the voltage level in the power circuit from 3.7 V to 5 V (figure 2). This function ensures the stability of the entire system and its individual elements, so in the case of a gradual discharge of the batteries 15, the voltage in the 5 V circuit is maintained by the boost converter 14, which ensures that the radio module 10 (Fig. 2) maintains the necessary power to create a probing signal 6 (Fig. 1) and receiving response signals 7 from RFID tags 1 (figure 1-2) that control the dielectric state of the insulators 2 (figure 1).

The software installed on the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) takes into account insulators 2 (figure 1) with an embedded RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2), input, output and saving data on insulators 2 (fig. 1), their installation location on the support 8 of the overhead power line, determines the number of serviceable / faulty insulators 2 (figure 1) on each support 8 (figure 1) with the image of serviceable / faulty insulators on the screen of the reader 3 (figure 1). The image with the exact indication of the support 8 and the location of the faulty insulators 2 on it (figure 1) minimizes the time to troubleshoot. The software provides power control of the radio module 10 (figure 2) for ease of data entry and control during operation. So, for example, setting the minimum power, it is convenient to enter technical data into the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) and assign each label 1 (figure 1-2), which has its own unique code, a specific name, for example, at the location of the insulator 2 on support 8 (figure 1). At the same time, other RFID tags 1 (Fig.1-2) are passive and not (Fig.2) technical data and assign each label 1 (Fig.1-2), which has its own unique code, a specific name, for example, at the location insulator 2 on support 8 (figure 1). While other RFID tags 1 (figure 1-2) are passive and do not create a response signal 7 (figure 1-2) outside the range of the reader 3 (figure 1), which will encode individually each RFID tag 1 in a limited space. In the case of increasing the power of the radio module 10 (figure 2), the coverage area of the reader 3 (figure 1) increases, this leads to an increase in the range of registration of RFID tags 1 (figure 1-2) by the reader 3 (figure 1) and receiving response signals 7 (Fig.1-2) not from one, but from several closely spaced RFID tags 1 (Fig.1-2) in whose direction the transmitting antenna 4 (Fig.1-2) of the reader 3 (Fig. .one).

The concept of serviceable or faulty insulator 2 (figure 1) in the software is determined by the response signal 7 (figure 1-2) from the controlled insulators 2 (figure 1). Upgradable RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) breaks through and does not respond to probing signals 6 of the reader 3 (figure 1), only when a current of a given value passes through it, which is created by reducing the dielectric properties of the insulator 2 (figure 1) . If the current value has not exceeded the allowable values, the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) sends a response signal 7, which is recorded by the reader 3 (figure 1). According to the given current value, the shunt section of the RFID tag 1 is calculated and selected (FIGS. 1-2). So, for example, to detect the pre-failure state of the insulator 2 (figure 1) select RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) with a smaller current cross section from the ODA. If the goal is to detect a punched insulator 2 (figure 1), then the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) is selected according to the value of the single-phase earth fault current, which depends on the power supply circuit of the external power supply and the parameters of the section of the power line, relay protection settings supply transformer substation. So, for example, in a system with an isolated and compensated transformer neutral, the shunt section is selected. The system for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach areas works as follows. The operator 5 includes a reader 3 (figure 1) with a transceiver antenna 4 (figure 1-2), which leads to the closing of the key 17 (figure 2) and the power supply of the radio module 10, the microprocessor unit 9 and the wireless communication unit from the batteries 15 When receiving power, the microcontroller unit 9 (Fig.2) starts the radio module 10, which creates a probing signal 6 (Fig.1-2), the transceiver antenna 4 amplifies the probing signal 6, the operator 5 (Fig.1) directs the antenna to the side insulator 2 (figure 1) which is attached to the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2). RFID tag (figure 1-2), receiving a probing signal 6 from the reader 3 (figure 1), creates a response signal 7 (figure 1-2), which is received by the radio module 10 (figure 2) through the transceiver antenna 3 (Fig.1-2). The encoded response signal 7 (figure 1-2) from the radio module 10 (figure 1), thanks to the control algorithm of the microcontroller unit 9, is transmitted through the wireless communication unit 11 and the coaxial antenna 12 to the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) in which software. The encoded response signal 7 (figure 1-2) is processed and displayed on the screen of the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) as a serviceable insulator 2 (figure 1). The software allows the operator 5 to see on the screen the image of the controlled support 8 (figure 1) with all insulators 2 located on it. next insulator 2 with RFTD-tag 1 (Fig.1-2) the algorithm is repeated. In the event of a breakdown of the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) with a current exceeding the allowable values, the RFID tag 1 (figure 1-2) will not be able to create a response signal 7, on the screen of the tablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) this insulator 2 (fig. 1) will be displayed as faulty. Thus, approaching the subsequent support, the operator 5 (figure 1) consistently collects information about the state of the insulators 2 of the controlled section of the power line. After the operator 5 (figure 1) passes through the controlled section, a file is generated that is stored by the operator 5 on a tablet, phablet or smartphone in a manner approaching the next support, the operator 5 (figure 1) sequentially collects information about the state of the insulators 2 of the controlled section of the power line. After the operator 5 (figure 1) passes through the controlled area, a file is generated that is stored by the operator 5 on a tablet, phablet or smartphone 13 (figure 2) in the form of a report. A report on the results of monitoring the condition of the insulators is entered in the log of walks / inspections of the controlled area. The received information in the form of a file with a report is transmitted via wired or wireless communication, or using a flash card to the responsible manager, dispatcher and to the server with a database on the controlled area.

This method and system can be used not only in hard-to-reach sections of an overhead power line, but also along the entire length of the path of the section, as well as for insulators and insulating structures of high-voltage equipment of traction and transformer substations, complete devices, sectioning posts.

Thus, the creation of a method for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach areas and a system for its implementation allows expanding the functionality of monitoring the condition of insulators installed on overhead power transmission towers located away from the road and hard-to-reach areas. The introduction of a shunt of a given section into the tag will allow you to select the value of the actuation current of the RFID tag used as an indicator, determining the breakdown and pre-failure state of insulators. In the event of an emergency, the time spent by the broken insulator is minimized. During the bypass, defective insulators are identified, due to which decisions are made to restore the insulation and prevent emergency situations in the power supply system. This method is non-contact, safe, the results obtained can be used to analyze the state, plan maintenance and repair of insulators and insulating structures used in the power supply system.

Claims (2)

1. A method for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of a power line, including installing a passive RFID tag on the insulator, supplying a probing signal from the reader through the transmitter and antenna towards insulators with upgraded passive RFID tags, receiving the response signal from the antenna and the receiving device of the reader RFID tags, creation of a database containing data on the controlled area, picketage, number of a support with insulators, identification of each insulator by attaching a modernized passive RFID tag to it, assigning an individual code to the RFID tag chip, processing the results using software, determining locations of damaged insulators, data transmission to the control room, characterized in that the reader is transferred to the power line support of the controlled section, after the reader is turned on, the antenna is directed towards each insulator of the power line support, on the tablet screen eta or smartphone receive the number of serviceable / faulty insulators, then when you click on the support number on the screen, an image of the support appears with the location of serviceable / faulty insulators on it, after which the received data is saved in the form of a file that is transmitted wirelessly or on a flash card to the database of the controlled section of the power line, and for further control of the section of the power line, the described actions are repeated with subsequent supports. 2. A system for monitoring the condition of insulators in hard-to-reach sections of a power line, containing a reader with a transceiver and an antenna, an upgraded tag consisting of a housing, a tag antenna, a chip, and software, characterized in that the reader is portable and contains a radio module, to to which an external receiving-transmitting antenna with a radiation pattern from 15° to 180° is connected by a coaxial cable to amplify the probing and response signals from the side of RFID tags, a tablet or smartphone with software that allows you to account for insulators, enter data on the location of insulators on the site supports power lines, receiving and storing information on the number of good and faulty insulators, which allows you to adjust the output power of the radio module, a step-up voltage converter from 3.7 V to 5 V to maintain the voltage level in the radio module, a microcontroller module with software, an algorithm that It provides control of the boost converter and communication of the tablet or smartphone with the radio module wirelessly, batteries that provide power to both the reader and the tablet or smartphone, the battery charge controller, while the tablet or smartphone is connected to the wireless communication module, in addition, in an upgraded RFID- At least one shunt is installed on the label with a specified width of the conductive layer for current from 0.1 to 50 A.

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