RU2770823C1 - Device for obtaining a working solution in a pressure pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological equipment sanitization.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for the sanitization of technological equipment in the dairy industry, in particular for obtaining a working solution by direct injection of a high concentration mother liquor into a pressure pipeline for supplying water to nozzles (they are also spray washing heads, rotating heads) installed in the treated tank. The device includes a hermetically sealed container into which a high concentration mother liquor is preliminarily poured. In its upper part, a fitting is provided for supplying compressed air through a gas reducer that ensures constant pressure from the enterprise network, a compressor or an air cylinder, and in its lower part, a fitting is provided for supplying the mother liquor through a shut-off valve to a tee on the pipeline to the nozzle. A plate with a calibrated hole is installed in the tee, through which the mother liquor in a given amount is continuously injected into a turbulent water flow under constant pressure maintained by a gas reducer in the tank. The turbulent flow in the water supply pipeline to the nozzle ensures complete mixing of water and the mother liquor entering through the calibrated hole at a relatively short distance - several pipe diameters, and the required working solution is supplied to the nozzle.

EFFECT: simplification of the technological process and the exclusion of the use of separate intermediate tanks, pumps, mixers, pipelines and hydraulic fittings for the preparation and use of working solutions during mechanized sanitization of tanks through nozzles.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the sanitization of technological equipment in the dairy industry, in particular for obtaining a working solution by direct injection of a high concentration mother liquor into a pressure pipeline for supplying water to nozzles (they are also spray washing heads, rotating heads) installed in the treated tank.

The quality of milk and dairy products and their epidemiological safety largely depend on the sanitary condition of technological equipment, inventory and containers, and the processing of the latter should be carried out in accordance with the regulatory document “Instructions for the sanitization of equipment, inventory and containers at dairy industry enterprises”. [1, 2, 3]

Microorganisms thrive well in a dairy environment, so the equipment must be thoroughly washed at the end of the process and then disinfected to inactivate bacteria. Inactivation of microorganisms is carried out chemically (disinfectant solutions of chemicals followed by rinsing), or by physical means (treatment with hot water, boiling water, steam, ultraviolet rays, etc.). Washing solutions dissolve and remove organic and inorganic substances, which are complex protein-fat-mineral compounds, and alkaline and acidic substances are used to dissolve all contaminants. Proteins and fats are hydrolyzed and washed off with alkalis, and minerals are dissolved and removed from the surface of the equipment with acids. Working solutions, both detergents and disinfectants, have a relatively low concentration - 0.5 ... 2.5% alkaline and 0.5 ... 1.5% acidic.

For the preparation of washing and disinfecting solutions, as well as rinsing, tap water is used that meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.559-96 "Drinking water" and GOST 2874-82 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements and quality control." After completion of the main technological cycle, each cycle of treatment with various cleaning solutions and after disinfection with chemicals, the equipment must be rinsed with water so that the remnants of these substances do not get into milk and dairy products. Rinsing of equipment is carried out mainly with cold water (rinsing off the remains of milk and dairy products), and rinsing after various types of washing and disinfection is carried out with warm water at a temperature of 25 ... 40 ° C or hot water at a temperature of 40 ... 70 ° C and above.

Sanitization of tanks for storing raw and pasteurized milk, as well as other dairy products, is carried out after each emptying in a certain sequence [2, 3], while there is a combination of both manual and mechanized operations, including those associated with the preparation of working detergents and disinfectant solutions.

Schemes are known when a working solution is prepared by directly mixing high-concentration stock solutions with water in separate containers using various mixers [4] and ejectors [5], and then used for manual washing with brushes, sponges, and cloth.

With mechanized sanitization of tanks using nozzles, all cleaning and disinfecting solutions, as well as washing water, are prepared in one place and fed through a piping system throughout the enterprise. The speed of movement of cleaning solutions in the system is provided by centrifugal pumps, while the flow rate of solutions at the outlet is 1.5 ... 3.0 m / s and the liquid flow is highly turbulent, resulting in an effective cleaning effect on the surface of the equipment. The option is used at large enterprises with large volumes of product processing, where it is possible to obtain a large amount of a working solution of relatively low concentration with an acceptable volume of intermediate containers. However, a large length of pipelines leads to significant liquid residues in the pipes after washing, which can lead to dilution of cleaning solutions during subsequent washing and a decrease in washing efficiency. [one]

At the same time, a sufficiently high velocity of the liquid in the pipeline supplying it to the washing heads provides a turbulent flow regime. This makes it possible to simplify the technological process of mechanized sanitization of dairy equipment using the ability of turbulent fluid movement to self-mix and eliminate the separate preparation of a working solution using intermediate tanks, pumps, mixers, pipelines and hydraulic fittings for separate preparation, placement and use of working solutions during mechanized sanitization tanks through nozzles.

To do this, it is proposed to inject a high concentration mother liquor directly into the water flow of the injector pipeline through a calibrated orifice at a constant pressure exceeding the water pressure in the pipeline (the latter depends on the injectors used and its value is limited by the installation of a bypass valve on the line), using the device described below.

The scheme of operation and components of the device are shown in Fig. one.

The electric motor 2 drives the pump 3 connected to the cold and hot water supply through a three-way valve 1. The pump 3 in combination with the bypass (pressure) valve 4 provide the operating mode of the nozzle 12 in terms of productivity and pressure (multiple nozzles can be installed), while turbulent water flow occurs throughout the pipeline.

The device (Fig. 1) includes a hermetically sealed container 14, into which a high concentration mother liquor is preliminarily poured. In its upper part there is a fitting for supplying compressed air from the gas reducer 15, and in the lower part there is a fitting for supplying the mother liquor to the pipeline 10 connected to the tee 6 of the pipeline 5 and its continuation of the pipeline 11 for supplying water under a given pressure to the nozzle 12 installed in treated tank 18. A shut-off valve 9 is provided, blocking, if necessary, the access of the mother liquor to the fitting 7 of the tee 6, and ultimately to the pipeline 5 and beyond. The mother liquor of high concentration in the sealed container 14 is under constant pressure of compressed air (from the network of the enterprise, compressor or air cylinder), while the specified value of air pressure in the upper part of the container 14 is provided by the gas reducer 15 [6] with the valve 16 open. 7 and a tee 6 there is a plate 8 with a calibrated hole through which the mother liquor in the required amount is continuously injected under pressure into the turbulent water flow. The combination of the low height of the column of the mother liquor in the tank 14 (less than 1 m) and the maintenance by the gas reducer 15 of a constant relatively high pressure of compressed air in the upper space of the order of 4 ... 5 atm. (40 ... 50 m of water column) gives a slight decrease in the rate of injection of the mother liquor through a calibrated hole into the pipeline 5 of the water supply to the nozzle 12 (in which the pressure depends on the parameters of the nozzle and is 20 ... 30 m of water column) at the end of the cycle compared to the beginning - that is, the decrease in the concentration of the resulting working solution is insignificant and practically does not affect the quality of processing. The turbulent flow in the pipeline 11 of the water supply to the nozzle 12 ensures complete mixing of the water and the mother liquor entering through the calibrated hole at a relatively short distance - several pipe diameters [7], and the required working solution is supplied to the nozzle 12.

Depending on the technology, two devices can be used - one for the alkaline group of agents, the second for the acid group. Water up to the pump 3 can be cold or hot, if necessary, additional heating is possible with a flow heater 17 in the area in front of the nozzle.

The operation of the device proceeds as follows: the closing of the shut-off valves 9 and drain 13 is checked; mother liquor is poured into container 14, it is hermetically sealed; the valve 16 of compressed air opens and the gas reducer 15 is set to a predetermined outlet pressure; the device is inspected for leaks; rinsing with water - the shut-off valve 9 is closed, the pump 3 starts working and water through the pipeline 5 and its continuation 11 under a given pressure enters the nozzle 12; flushing with an alkaline solution - the shut-off valve 9 opens and the mother liquor through the pipeline 10 under constant pressure, supported by the gas reducer 15, is continuously injected through a calibrated hole in the plate 8 into the tee 6 of the pipeline 5 and as the water moves, it intensively mixes with the mother liquor and forms along the pipeline 11 of the working solution, which is supplied to the nozzle 12 installed in the treated tank 18; rinsing with water - the shut-off valve 9 closes, and the remnants of the alkaline solution are completely washed out of the cavity of the tee 6 and fitting 7 due to the turbulence of the water flow in the pipeline 5 under a given pressure.

A device for obtaining a working solution by direct injection of a high concentration mother solution into a pressure pipeline for supplying water to nozzles eliminates the use of intermediate tanks, pumps, mixers, pipelines and hydraulic fittings for separate preparation, placement and use of working solutions during mechanized sanitization of tanks through nozzles.

Information sources

1. Silant'eva L.A. Sanitization of technological equipment at the enterprises of the dairy industry. - St. Petersburg: ITMO University, 2017. -38 p.

2. Instructions for the sanitization of equipment, inventory and containers at the enterprises of the dairy industry. Technical committee for standardization No. 186 "Milk and dairy products" M.: VNIMI, 1998 (official edition).

3. https://sbbjpriozersk./files/instrukciya-po-san-obrabotke-oborudov-na-predpri-moloch-prom-ti.pdf.

4. http://kinetrapro.ni/himicheskoej-Ith.

5. https://npm74.ru/ezhektomye-nasosy/.

6. https://stankiexpeit.ru/spravochnik/svarka/kislorodnyjj-reduktor.html.

7. The theory of internal turbulent motion F.G. Galimzyanov, R.F. Galimzyanov. - Ufa, Expert, 1999. - 352 p.

Claims (1)

A device for obtaining a working solution in a pressure pipeline for supplying water by a pump to washing nozzles at a certain pressure and turbulent speed, including a tee installed along its length with a fitting with a plate with a hole located between them and a hermetically sealed container for a high-concentration mother solution with a pipeline from its lower parts and a shut-off valve directly at the tee fitting, with a free space in the upper part of the tank with an air supply, characterized in that the mother liquor is injected directly into the pressure pipeline for supplying water to the nozzles through a calibrated hole and injection speed and, as a result, concentration of the resulting working solution are determined by the air pressure in the tank, the constant value of which at the set level is provided by a gas reducer from the enterprise network, a compressor or an air cylinder.

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