RU2767003C1 - Garbage container remote control system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: public utilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of public utilities, in particular to remote monitoring of the state of garbage containers. Invention can be used to control overfilling, emptying and ignition of garbage containers. Garbage containers remote monitoring system comprises distance sensors arranged at the upper edge on the adjacent inner side walls of the container, an overturning sensor placed in the housing of the data transmission module, a real-time clock, a temperature sensor, a radio frequency identification system, a GPS/GLONASS module, an opening sensor, a radio modem, a power module, a storage battery connected to the power module. Information on the moment of container filling is transmitted to a remote user computer via a radio modem via a wireless protocol. In the lower part of the container on the side wall there is a piezoelectric generator connected to a steel plate; output contacts of the piezoelectric generator are connected to the power supply module.

EFFECT: invention provides higher accuracy of determining the moment of filling a garbage container and increased time of autonomous operation of the system.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of public utilities, in particular to remote monitoring of the state of garbage containers. The invention can be used to control the overflow, emptying and ignition of garbage containers.

Known container grinder for the selective collection of municipal solid waste (patent for invention RU 2468868 C2, publ. 10.12.2012). Container-grinder contains a rectangular frame located on the upper part of the container tank, two side gear drums located on the right and left side walls of the container with the possibility of rotation on their own axes, a lid with gear racks located on the left and right on the lower side of the lid, upper axes with upper blades for feeding waste and lower axles with lower blades for shredding waste, lid opening mechanism. Inside the drums there are gears fixed at the ends of each of the axles with the possibility of interacting with the teeth of the drums. The lid opening mechanism contains gear wheels, which in the manual version are driven by a pedal. This drive system rotates the cover with racks, which, interacting with the upper teeth of each of the drums, cause the drums to rotate. Toothed drums serve as a drive for gears located inside the side drums, which rotate the axles with knives. For each type of waste, different types of knives and hammers are used. A variant of the implementation of the container-grinder with an electric drive is possible. The container-chopper contains scales with an electronic weight indicator, which are installed between the bottom tray and the bottom of the container, and the power source of the scales can be a simple battery or a dynamo, which is charged during rotation and is installed along the edges of the axes of the knives on the axes of the side drums, and the electronic indicator The weight can be set at any viewing point in the container so that conventional memory devices show the weight of each loaded batch of waste.

The disadvantage is the presence of scales in the container, which leads to inaccuracy in determining the moment of filling the container.

Known system for remote control of garbage containers (patent for invention RU 2381162 C1, publ., 07.11.2010). Identification blocks, a measuring and transmitting unit, including signal sensors, a GPS signal receiver, an information conversion unit, a control unit, a duplexer, a receiving-transmitting antenna, an electromagnetic signal transmitter and receiver, as well as an autonomous power source, are installed on the waste containers of the system. The measuring-transmitting unit is located in a socket made in the flange stiffening element of the housing or in the projection of the housing. The nest is a cup-shaped or bath-shaped recess, which is located between the stiffeners of the flange element. The nest is closed with a lid, while the lid is rigidly connected to the edges of the nest by gluing or welding around the entire perimeter. Alarm sensors detect container overflow, garbage fire, unauthorized access, etc. factors. Information about the state of the container and its location is sent to the control panel via radio communication, which is determined using the PS system for remote control of the operating conditions of the containers, as well as the places of their loading and emptying.

The disadvantage is the presence of one signal sensor for filling control and a sensor for weight control, which leads to inaccuracy in determining the moment of filling the container and possible false messages about the filling of the container, as well as the presence of an autonomous power source without the possibility of recharging.

A device and system of an intelligent fill level sensor is known (patent for invention EP 2641851 A1, publ. 03/07/2013). The waste container contains a level meter with four distance sensors. Distance sensors are installed on the upper surface of the container. Four sensors are distributed over the entire internal volume of the container, each sensor measures an area of a certain diameter. With the help of sensors, the filling level of the container is determined in centimeters or in percent. Each sensor is a stand-alone unit. The measurement can be carried out using ultrasound with a vertical direction of the signals deep into the container and the study of a limited area by each sensor. Data on the filling level of the container is transmitted to the control center with the help of a communication unit. In addition to the filling level, other parameters of the container can be examined, such as humidity, material properties, temperature.

The disadvantage is the presence of four sensors located on the upper surface of the container, since the operation of this device requires a container with a lid, as well as the presence of batteries without the possibility of recharging.

A modular platform for the separate collection and transportation of waste is known (patent for invention RU 2646886 C1, publ. 03/12/2018). The modular platform represents the modules connected among themselves by devices of connection of modules. Each module has connectors in which containers for separate collection of waste are installed, and is also equipped with a device for monitoring and transmitting data on the location of the platform and the degree of filling of the container. The control and data transmission device is a filling control sensors, for example, strain gauges, built-in, in particular, into connectors or containers for separate collection of waste, an autonomous power supply unit with the possibility of recharging, including from solar energy, a microcontroller with an integrated signal converter, a satellite system module navigation and a data transmission module that transmits data on the degree of filling of containers and the position of the modular platform to the surveillance service.

The disadvantage is the presence of a filling control sensor, which are sensors for measuring the weight of the container, which leads to inaccuracy in determining the moment of filling the container.

An automated system for controlling the export of solid waste is known (Smart trash cans | IT Smart City [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https://unilight.ru/resheniya/umnye-musornye-baki/. - Access date: 05/18/2021). The automated system for controlling the removal of solid waste contains sensors for filling the garbage can, software and a remote user computer (workstation of the dispatcher). The garbage can full sensor consists of a microcontroller, one built-in ultrasonic distance sensor, an overturn sensor, a real-time clock, it is possible to install a temperature sensor, an RFID system, a GPS / GLONASS module, and an opening sensor. As a power source, a rechargeable battery is used, located in the housing of the sensor for filling the trash can. The housing of the garbage can full sensor is made of impact-resistant plastic with a degree of protection of at least IP66, designed to operate in the temperature range from -40°C to +55°C. The dustbin full sensor can be installed on the inner wall of the trash can or on the lid. Information about the percentage of container fullness at configurable time intervals is transmitted wirelessly, for example, through a LoRaWAN radio modem, or an NB-IoT module, or a 2G modem, to the network server through the base station. The network server is connected to the application server, which is connected to the user's remote computer.

The disadvantage is the presence of a garbage can full sensor, consisting of one built-in ultrasonic distance sensor, which leads to inaccuracy in determining the moment the container is full and possible false messages about the full container, as well as the presence of a battery without the possibility of recharging.

The technical result is to increase the accuracy of determining the moment of filling the garbage container and increase the battery life of the system.

The technical result is achieved by additionally installed in a protective box, which is fixed on adjacent inner side walls of the container, distance sensors, the outputs of which are connected via a cable to the input/output ports of the microcontroller, and in the lower part of the container on the side wall, a plate is rigidly fixed which is placed parallel to the bottom of the container, a piezoelectric generator is rigidly fixed on it, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the power supply module.

The remote control system for garbage containers is illustrated by the following figures:

fig. 1 - diagram of the end node of the remote control system for garbage containers;

fig. 2 - block diagram of the remote control system for garbage containers, where:

1 - container;

2 - distance sensor;

3 - data transmission module;

4 - protective box;

5 - piezoelectric generator;

6 - plate;

7 - end node;

8 - base station;

9 - network server;

10 - application server;

11 - user's remote computer.

The remote control system for garbage containers consists of end nodes 7, which include a container 1 on the upper part of the inner wall of which a data transmission module 3 is fixed with the possibility of removal. IP66. A power supply module, a microcontroller and an overturn sensor, a real-time clock, a temperature sensor, an RFID system, a GPS/GLONASS module, a tamper sensor, and a radio modem are installed inside the case. The power input of the microcontroller is connected to the output of the power module. The antenna is fixed inside the housing of the data transmission module 3 and is connected to the antenna socket of the radio modem. The output terminals of the storage battery installed inside the housing of the data transmission module 3 is connected to the input of the power supply module. On the outer wall of the housing of the data transmission module 3 there are control buttons and LED indication, connected to the input/output ports of the microcontroller. At least six distance sensors 2 are installed on two adjacent side inner walls of the container 1 at a distance of at least 5 cm from the upper edge in the protective box 4. As distance sensors 2, ultrasonic sensors can be used, for example. Distance sensors 2 are installed in the protective box 4, the outputs of which are connected by cables located in the protective box 4 to the input/output ports of the microcontroller. One side face of the plate 6, made, for example, of steel, is rigidly fixed on one of the inner walls of the container 1, while the plate 6 is placed parallel to the bottom of the container 1 and at a distance of not more than 5 cm from the bottom. A piezoelectric generator 5 is rigidly fixed on the plate 6. The output contacts of the piezoelectric generator 5 are connected to the input of the power supply module by a cable or wires located in a protective box 4. The radio modem as part of the data transmission module 3 is connected to the base station 8, installed at a distance of no more than 10 km from end nodes 7, via a wireless protocol, for example, LoRaWAN. The base station 8 is connected to a network server 9, which is connected to an application server 10, which is connected to a remote user computer 11. Connections between the base station 8, the network server 9, the application server 10 and the remote user computer 11 are made via wired Ethernet connections or wireless networks 3G, 4G or WiFi.

The system works as follows. After installing the data transmission module 3, protective boxes 4, distance sensors 2, piezoelectric generator 5 and plate 6 inside the container 1 and making the appropriate connections, pressing the control button on the body of the data transmission module 3 starts the initialization mode, after double pressing the control button, distance measurement starts from each distance sensor 2 to the opposite inner wall of the container 1. Distance data are accepted as reference, their values, date and time information are recorded and stored in the memory of the microcontroller and then transmitted by the data transmission module 3 via a radio modem to the network server 9 via the base station 8. Data the date and time is the moment when the container is empty. The system then automatically switches to operating mode. In operation mode, for each distance sensor 2, automatically, at least once per hour, the distance to the opposite wall of the container 1 is measured. As soon as an obstacle in the form of municipal solid waste appears between one of the distance sensors 2 and the opposite inner wall of the container 1, the measured distance becomes different from the reference distance, or the reflected signal is scattered. When the distance measured by each distance sensor 2 to the opposite inner wall of the container 1 becomes less than 1/4 of the reference distance, the moment of container 1 filling is recorded. As soon as the container 1 is empty, the distances measured by the distance sensors 2 become equal to the reference. The values of these distances are transmitted by the data transmission module 3 via a radio modem to the network server 9 through the base station 8. , the microcontroller as part of the data transmission module 3 via a radio modem transmits an alarm signal to the network server 9 through the base station 8 to prevent a fire inside container 1. Information about the temperature in container 1 is used when processing information about the filling of container 1 to correct the results of measuring distances by distance sensors 2 The information collected in operation mode on the network server 9 is transmitted to the application server 10, with which the user's remote computer 11 communicates. collected waste, alarms. In the process of filling the container 1 with solid household waste, objects fall on the plate 6, causing its vibrations, which are transmitted to the piezoelectric generator 5. The piezoelectric generator 5 converts the mechanical energy of vibrations into electrical energy, which is transmitted to the power supply module as part of the data transmission module 3 to recharge the battery batteries.

Increasing the accuracy of determining the moment of filling the garbage container is achieved through the use of at least six distance sensors, in contrast to the use of one distance sensor. In the case of using one distance sensor, there is a possibility that it will be covered with solid household waste, including large ones, if the container is not actually filled, which will send a false message to the server about the container being filled. The use of at least six sensors evenly distributed over two adjacent inner walls of the container will allow dividing the monitored area into sections. When the distance measured by each distance sensor to the opposite inner wall of the container becomes less than 1/4 of the reference distance, the moment of container filling is recorded, i.e. when the container is full. Increasing the time of autonomous operation of the system is achieved through the use of a piezoelectric generator that converts the mechanical energy of the plate vibrations from the feed objects into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric generator is used to recharge the battery.

Claims (1)

Remote control system for garbage containers, including a microcontroller, to which the overturn sensor, real-time clock, temperature sensor, radio frequency identification system, GPS / GLONASS module, tamper sensor, power module and radio modem are connected by separate lines, the power module is connected to the battery, and the radio modem is connected wirelessly to the base station, which is connected to the network server connected to the application server connected to the user's remote computer, characterized in that they are additionally installed in a protective box, which is fixed on adjacent inner side walls of the container, distance sensors, outputs of which are connected via a cable to the input/output ports of the microcontroller, and in the lower part of the container on the side wall a plate is rigidly fixed, which is placed parallel to the bottom of the container, a piezoelectric generator is rigidly fixed on it, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the power supply module. ania.

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