RU2766469C1 - Snow and swamp-going vehicle chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to the chassis of a snow and swamp-going vehicle. The chassis contains a support frame and the first and second screw propellers located along it on its two sides, four double-arm levers, four hydraulic digital actuators. Drives are placed inside the screw propellers. Four double-arm levers are mounted in pairs above the propellers and connected to the frame with the possibility of rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axes of the propellers. The bodies of the actuators are pivotally fixed to the frame.

EFFECT: increase in stability and cross-country ability is achieved.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of transport engineering, namely, to all-terrain vehicles - snow and swamp vehicles with auger propellers, designed for engineering and survey work.

Currently, devices similar to the proposed one are known. These include, in particular, the chassis of the auger all-terrain vehicle ZIL - 4904, described in "www.kolesa.ru/article/kogda-tonut-tanki_-shnekovyj-vezdehod--zil4904-2014-11-24". It consists of a support frame and two parallel hollow cylinders, each of which is covered by a helical spiral band. Outside the cylinders there is a propeller connected to the transfer case. The box has two outlets, each of which is kinematically connected to one of the cylinders (with the axis of one of the covers) through a friction clutch.

The disadvantage of the chassis - analogue are its large overall dimensions and weight, which makes it difficult to use in snow and swamp vehicles for engineering and survey work.

The specified disadvantage is deprived of the chassis of the snow and swamp-going vehicle described in the work “Liberman Ya.L., Zakharova N.A., Sviridov D.V. Small-sized automated snow and swamp-going vehicle for engineering and survey work // Modern equipment and technologies. 2017. No. 4 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://technology.snauka.ru/2017/04/13075”, which we adopted as a prototype. The chassis described in this work contains a support frame and located along it on both sides of the first and second screw propellers with different separate drives inside them. Such a chassis has smaller overall dimensions, and since it does not have a transfer case, its mass is also less than that of analogues.

However, the chassis - the prototype is also not without flaws. Working as part of an all-terrain vehicle - a snow and swamp vehicle, it does not always provide its sufficient stability and maneuverability. If the snow and swamp vehicle operates in open spaces, for example, in the conditions of the Far North, where it is subjected to a large wind load, then, being small and light, it may tip over. In this case, it is required that the distance between the axes of the propellers (the track of the machine) be so large that tipping does not occur. If the snow and swamp vehicle operates in forest thickets or similar conditions, then its track should be small so that the propellers do not interfere with the progress of the vehicle.

In connection with the foregoing, the problem that arises during the operation of the chassis is the lack of stability and maneuverability of snow and swamp vehicles built with its use, and its solution can be provided by adjusting the track width of the machine (the distance between the axles of the propellers). Since snow and swamp vehicles with such a chassis, if necessary, must operate in remote control mode, it is required that this regulation can also be carried out remotely.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the chassis of the snow and swamp-going vehicle, containing the support frame and located along it on both sides of the first and second screw propellers with drives placed inside them, differs from the prototype in that it is equipped with four two-arm levers installed in pairs above the propellers and connected to the frame with the possibility of rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axes of the propellers, and four hydraulic digital actuators, the bodies of which are pivotally mounted on the frame, the first and second actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods to the first arms, respectively, of the first and second levers, the third and the fourth actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods to the first arms of the third and fourth levers, respectively, the second arms of the first and second levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the first mover, and the second arms of the third and fourth levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the second mover.

In FIG. 1 shows a view of the proposed chassis on the left, in Fig. 2 - top, in Fig. 3 - front, in Fig. 4 shows a hydraulic digital actuator, FIG. 5 - hydraulic control circuit of the actuator.

The chassis of the snow and swamp-going vehicle contains a support frame 1 and located along it on both sides of the first 2 and second 3 auger propellers with drives placed inside them (for example, protected by a utility model patent No. 161941 and No. 167625). It is equipped with four two-arm levers 4, 5, 6, 7, installed in pairs above the movers 2 and 3 and connected to the frame 1 with the possibility of rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axes of the movers, and four hydraulic digital actuators 8, 9, 10, 11 (their the principle of operation and the general arrangement are given in the article "Digital actuators, studme.org> tsifrovye ispolnitelnye mehanizmy", Fig. 4.52). Each mechanism consists of three hydraulic cylinders connected in series. The piston 12 of the first cylinder has a stroke length l , the piston 13 of the second cylinder has a stroke length 2 l , the piston 14 of the third cylinder has a stroke length 4 l . In this regard, by supplying liquid to the rodless cavity of one or another cylinder and draining liquid from its rod cavity, it is possible to ensure the corresponding movement of the output rod 15 of the entire mechanism. If, however, fluid is supplied to the combination of cylinders in accordance with the binary code (1 - fluid supply, 0 - drain), then eight different positions of the rod 15 can be obtained. connected to the levers 4, 5, 6, 7. Moreover, the first 8 and second 9 actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods to the first arms, respectively, of the first 4 and second 5 levers, the third 10 and fourth 11 actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods the first arms, respectively, of the third 6 and fourth 7 levers, the second arms of the first 4 and second 5 levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the first mover 2, and the second arms of the third 6 and fourth 7 levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the second mover 3.

Liquid is supplied to the cylinder cavities and liquid is drained from them using electrically controlled spools 18, switched by control units 19. The mechanisms are powered by a hydraulic station, which includes a pump 20, a filter 21 and a safety valve 22.

During the operation of the proposed chassis, in the process of its use, with the help of the control unit 19, binary code combinations are formed that control the digital actuators 8, 9, 10, 11. Depending on the type of combinations, the rods 15 occupy certain positions and set the levers 4 to the appropriate positions, 5, 6, 7. The levers set the corresponding distances between the movers 2 and 3. Thus, depending on the type of binary code combinations, the positions of the movers 2 and 3 set one or another track width of the snow and swamp vehicle. The proposed design makes it possible to obtain eight values of the specified width and thereby ensure its width, the most appropriate in certain operating conditions of the chassis.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the cross-country ability and stability of the snow and swamp vehicle.

Claims (1)

Chassis of a snow and swamp-going vehicle, containing a support frame and located along it on its two sides, the first and second auger propellers with drives placed inside them, characterized in that it is equipped with four two-arm levers, installed in pairs above the propellers and connected to the frame with the possibility of rotation in a plane perpendicular to axes of the propellers, and four hydraulic digital actuators, the bodies of which are pivotally mounted on the frame, the first and second actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods to the first arms, respectively, of the first and second levers, the third and fourth actuators are pivotally connected with their output rods to by the first arms of the third and fourth levers, respectively, the second arms of the first and second levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the first mover, and the second arms of the third and fourth levers are connected to the ends of the axis of the second mover.

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