RU2765271C1 - Apparatus for searching and determining the location of throw jammers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of radio engineering and, specifically, to a system for determining the location by radio engineering complexes and is intended for prompt search, determining of location, and spatial resolution of thrown jammers (TJs) creating active noise interference to the operation of radio engineering means (REMs). The apparatus for searching and determining the location of thrown jammers comprises two fixed receiving points - central and side ones, wherein each point includes an antenna system and a radio receiver of quasi-continuous emissions of thrown jammers. The central and side receiving points are united by a communication line. The central collection point includes a TJ coordinate evaluation unit calculating the trace

of a differential correlation matrix R_xx(m) of signals of the input quasi-continuous TJ signal and mutual correlation function of the trace

of difference correlation matrices of TJ signals, an additional noise-suppressing procedure is performed based on a discrete S-transform of the resulting dependence of the trace of differential correlation matrices of TJ signals, the path difference is determined for each position from the maximum of the envelope thereof and the coordinates of the TJ are estimated by the range-difference method based on the analysis of the time dependence of the trace of differential correlation matrices of TJ signals. The trace of the

differential correlation matrix R_xx(m) of signals of the input quasi-continuous TJ signal is formed in the antenna elements of the central and side receiving points.

EFFECT: increase in the accuracy and reduction in the time for determining the location of each of several TJs operating at the same frequency.

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Description

Application area

The device for searching and locating thrown jammers (ZPP) refers to the field of radio engineering and, specifically, to the positioning system of radio-technical complexes and is intended for operational search, location and spatial resolution of ZPP that create active noise interference with the operation of radio electronic equipment (RES).

State of the art

Known devices for measuring the coordinates of objects that are sources of radio emission. Among them, devices based on the use of triangulation, goniometric-difference-rangefinder and difference-rangefinding methods for measuring coordinates have received the widest application [Kondratiev, B.C. Multiposition radio systems / B.C. Kondratiev - M .: Radio and communication, 1986. - 264 p.].

The disadvantages of systems for determining the location of radio-emitting objects using these methods [Certificate of registration of the computer program No. 2019661892 Program for modeling the processes of determining the location of thrown jammers / P.P. Mukhamedov, V.V. Utkin, D.S. Voinov, R.A. Zemlyakov, application 2019616262, received on May 29, 2019, registered on September 11, 2019.], are:

low accuracy of direction finding of several sources of radio emission equivalent in power;

ambiguous determination of the location of radio-emitting objects, if their number is more than one.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the proposed device is [US Pat. for invention No. 2620607 Russian Federation Search device for thrown jamming transmitters / A.V. Vasiliev, S.Ch. Ivanovsky, I.V. Kolbasko, - application 2016103831, priority 02/05/2016, registered 05/29/2017.].

The operation of the prototype device is as follows.

The device consists of two receiving points (mobile and fixed) connected by a one-way communication line. Each receiving point has a receiving antenna connected to the input of the location receiver. The signal from the output of the second (fixed) receiving point is transmitted over the communication line to the first receiving point (moving). After conversion to digital form, the signals are transmitted to a tablet computer (PC) located at the operator with a mobile receiving point. In the PC, the signals are fed to the input of the correlator, where the cross-correlation function (CCF) is calculated by calculating the discrete convolution of the received signals.

Further, in the threshold comparison block, the signal delays are estimated, corresponding to the maxima of the CCF in which the threshold was exceeded.

After that, hyperbolic bearings are calculated in the calculator of hyperbolic bearings.

After constructing hyperbolic bearings, the mobile receiving point is moved to a new position, and the procedure described above for processing the received signals and constructing hyperbolic bearings is repeated. The procedure is repeated until sufficient statistics are collected to determine the location of the RFP. Thus, two hyperbolic bearings are sufficient to determine the location of a single FOV, and more hyperbolic bearings are required to locate each of several FOVs operating on the same frequency.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is the relatively low accuracy of determining the location of the RFP, due to the influence of the noise component and the operation of multiple IRI with the same frequency-time parameters of the signals. These shortcomings were confirmed in the course of simulation [Certificate of registration of the computer program No. 2020660272 Program for modeling the processes of determining the location of thrown jammers by the difference-range method / M.E. Kamyshev, P.P. Mukhamedov, V.V. Utkin, D.S. Voinov, R.A. Zemlyakov, application 2020619411, received on 08/24/2020, registered on 09/01/2020.].

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the location of the RFP in the conditions of operation of a plurality of IRI with the same frequency-time parameters of the signals.

The essence of the invention

The technical results of the invention are:

improving the accuracy of determining the location of each of several RFPs operating on the same frequency;

reducing the time to establish the location of each of several FODs.

These technical results are achieved by the fact that in the search device for thrown jammers, containing two receiving points (central and side), each of which contains a receiving antenna system with a radio receiver connected to it, the second receiving point contains a communication line transmitter, the input of which is connected to the output radio receiver of the same point, the first receiving point contains a communication line receiver, additionally introduced into the first receiving point are a two-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an interface unit with an electronic computer (BSEM), a satellite radio navigation system (SRNS) signal receiver, a position estimation unit ZPP (BOK-Z) and an indication unit, the first input of the two-channel ADC is connected to the output of the receiver of the communication line, and the second to the output of the radio receiver of the first receiving point, the outputs of the two-channel ADC are connected to the inputs of the BSEVM, the output of which is connected to the software-implemented series-connected two-channel block m blocking powerful pulses (BBMI), BOK-Z and the indication unit, the SRNS signal receiver is connected to the BOK-3 and the indication unit, the antenna of the transmitter of the communication line and the transmitter of the communication line are introduced into the second receiving point.

The FOD search device is controlled by one operator. The operator is the user located directly at the first (central) receiving point.

The first receiving point is central, the second is lateral.

The determination of the coordinates of the RFP is carried out by an improved method for determining the location of a quasi-continuous source of radio emission based on the calculation of the trace of the difference correlation matrix of signals [US Pat. for invention No. 2733860 Russian Federation An improved method for determining the location of a quasi-continuous source of radio emission / D.S. Voinov, A.A. Druzhkov, P.P. Mukhamedov, S.A. Muschenko, V.V. Utkin - application 2020119704, priority 06/08/2020, registered 10/07/2020.]. Based on the results of calculating the trace of the difference-correlation matrix of signal reception, the bearings are calculated corresponding to the possible positions of the RFP. The intersection point of the two bearings allows you to determine the location of the RFP. The coordinates of the central and side receiving points are determined using the SRNS signal receiver. Two bearings are sufficient to determine the location of a single RFP. More bearings are required to determine the location of each of the several POIs.

The side receiving point, the structural diagram of which is shown in (Fig. 1), consists of a receiving antenna system 1, a radio receiver 2 and a communication line transmitter 3. The radio receiver consists of a band-pass filter 4, a radio signal amplifier 5, a mixer 6 with a local oscillator 7 and a band-pass filter 8. The transmitter of the communication line 3 is connected to the antenna of the transmitter of the line 9.

The central receiving point, the structural diagram of which is shown in (Fig. 2), consists of a receiving antenna system 10, a radio receiver 11, a communication line receiver antenna 12, a communication line receiver 13, a two-channel ADC 14, an BSEM 15, an electronic computer (computer) 16 with a built-in signal receiver SRNS 17, as well as a two-channel BBMI 18, BOK-Z 19 and a display unit 20 connected in series. The radio receiver 11 consists of a bandpass filter 21, a radio signal amplifier 22, a mixer 23 with a local oscillator 24 and a bandpass filter 25 connected in series.

The central and side receiving points have identical receiving antenna systems 1 and 10 and radio receivers 2 and 11. The operating frequency of the tuning and the bandwidth of the radio receivers correspond to the operating frequency and bandwidth of the RES receiver, which is interfered with by the RFP. Regardless of the frequency range of the search for the RFP, non-directional receiving antennas 1 and 10 are used, which ensures the reception of signals from all azimuthal directions.

The communication line consists of a transmitter 3 with an antenna 9 and a receiver 13 with an antenna 12.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

Fig. 1. Structural diagram of the side receiving point.

The numbers indicate:

1 - receiving antenna system;

2 - radio receiver;

3 - communication line transmitter;

4 - bandpass filter;

5 - radio signal amplifier;

6 - mixer;

7 - heterodyne;

8 - band pass filter;

9 - antenna of the transmitter of the communication line.

Fig. 2. Block diagram of the central receiving point.

The numbers indicate:

10 - receiving antenna system;

11 - radio receiver;

12 - antenna of the receiver of the communication line;

13 - communication line receiver;

14 - two-channel ADC;

15 - block for interfacing with a computer (BSEVM);

16 - computer;

17 - SRNS signal receiver;

18 - two-channel high-power pulse blocking block (BBMI);

19 - block for assessing the coordinates of the ZPP (BOK-Z);

20 - indication block;

21 - bandpass filter;

22 - radio signal amplifier;

23 - mixer;

24 - local oscillator;

25 - bandpass filter.

Fig. 3. An example of displaying information on a computer screen

Conventional symbols are indicated:

triangles - positions of receiving points;

inverted triangles - placement points of detected FODs;

dotted lines - bearings;

Fig. 4. Appearance of the central collection point.

The numbers indicate:

10 - receiving antenna system;

12 - antenna of the receiver of the communication line;

16 - computer;

26 - housing with equipment;

27 - rod;

28 - microwave cable.

Fig. 5 External view of the side reception point.

1 - receiving antenna system;

9 - antenna of the transmitter of the communication line;

29 - case with equipment;

30 - bar.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Installation of the side receiving point is carried out by deepening the rod 30 into the ground. After installing and turning on the side receiving point, the central receiving point is turned on. The distance between the receiving points can be from 10 to 2000 meters, which is determined based on the analysis of the simulation results obtained using special software that has passed state registration - [Computer program registration certificate No. D.S. Voinov, V.V. Utkin, P.P. Mekhamedov, application 2019616262, received on May 29, 2019, registered on September 11, 2019]. The central and side receiving points automatically determine the coordinates using the signal receiver SRNS 17 and memorize them, thus, the coordinates of the position of the side receiving point are entered into the central receiving point. At the same time, the RFP signals are received by both receiving points, the received signal is transmitted from the side to the central receiving point.

The side receiving point produces interval reception of signals with τ=1 ms and their transmission over the communication line to the central receiving point. The central receiving point, similarly to the side one, constantly receives signals. The received signals may contain interference signals generated by the RFP, as well as pulsed signals of the RES, which are interfered with by the RFP. The received signals are converted into digital form using a two-channel ADC 14.

The block diagram of the side receiving point is shown in (Fig. 1). The signal received by the receiving antenna system 1 of the side receiving point enters the radio receiver 2, where it is filtered by a bandpass filter 4, amplified by a radio signal amplifier 5, transferred to an intermediate frequency using a mixer 6 with a local oscillator 7, filtered by a bandpass filter 8. From the output of the radio receiver 2, the signal arrives into the transmitter of the communication line 3 and further into the antenna of the transmitter of the communication line 9. Antennas 1 and 9 are omnidirectional.

The signal emitted by the antenna of the transmitter of the communication line 9 is received by the antenna of the receiver of the communication line 12 of the central receiving point, the block diagram of which is shown in (Fig. 2). The signal received by the receiving antenna system 10 of the central receiving point enters the radio receiver 11, where it is filtered by a bandpass filter 21, amplified by a radio signal amplifier 22, transferred to an intermediate frequency using a mixer 23 with a local oscillator 24, filtered by a bandpass filter 25. Then both signals (received from side receiving point and received by the central receiving point) are fed to the inputs of the two-channel ADC 14. From the output of the two-channel ADC 14, the signals through the BSEM 15 are fed to the computer 16.

On the computer 16 using special software is the following processing of the received signals.

In accordance with the results obtained in [US Pat. for invention No. 2733860 Russian Federation An improved method for determining the location of a quasi-continuous source of radio emission / D.S. Voinov, A.A. Druzhkov, P.P. Mukhamedov, S.A. Muschenko, V.V. Utkin - application 2020119704, priority 06/08/2020, registered 10/07/2020.] BOK-Z 19 implements an algorithm for calculating the trace of the difference correlation matrix and estimating the FZP coordinates, in which:

интервалы наблюдения длительностью t_н, на которых рассчитывается корреляционная матрица сигналов R_xx(m) входной реализации квазинепрерывного сигнала ЗПП по формуле:1. Formed

observation intervals of duration t _n , on which the correlation matrix of signals R _xx (m) of the input implementation of the quasi-continuous signal of the FDD is calculated according to the formula:

- дисперсия шума;

,

, i≠j, - фазовые сдвиги в антенных элементах: где d₀ - расстояние между антенными элементами решетки; i, j - номера антенных элементов; λ - длина волны сигнала; φ - угол прихода волны от ЗПП;where |x _m | - amplitude of the signal FOD;

- noise dispersion;

,

, i≠j, - phase shifts in the antenna elements: where d ₀ - the distance between the antenna elements of the array; i, j - numbers of antenna elements; λ - signal wavelength; φ - angle of arrival of the wave from the RFP;

с последующим формированием и нормированием зависимости

в интересах построения линий положений;2. The trace of the difference correlation matrix is calculated

with the subsequent formation and normalization of dependence

in the interests of constructing lines of provisions;

по формуле:

3. The cross-correlation function of the dependence is calculated

according to the formula:

4. An additional operation of the noise reduction procedure based on the discrete S-transform is performed;

5. The path differences for each position are determined by the maximum of the envelope of the cross-correlation function by the cross-correlation processing system;

6. The coordinates of the source of the quasi-continuous signal are estimated by the difference-range method based on the analysis of the time dependence of the trace of the difference-correlation matrices of signals formed in the antenna elements of the central and side receiving points.

The bearings are indicated by the display unit 20. In addition to the bearings, the display unit 20 on the computer screen 16 displays the current positions of the side and central receiving points shown in (Fig. 3).

The origin of the bearing display system is the position of the central receiving point.

The two-channel BBMI 18, BOK-Z 19 and the display unit 20 are implemented as special software on the computer 16.

On (Fig. 3) shows an example of displaying information on the screen of the computer 16. In a rectangular coordinate system of the plane (terrain) are given: the positions of the receiving points (triangles), the location of the RFP (inverted triangles) and bearings (dotted lines). On the left in (Fig. 3) the control panel of the operator of the central reception point is displayed. As can be seen from (Fig. 3), the bearings intersect at the points where the FOD is located.

Detection and determination of an unambiguous location of several FGDs occurs simultaneously, which results in a reduction in the time to establish the location of each FGD (Fig. 6), which was confirmed during a full-scale experiment (Fig. 7, 8). The pulse signals of the RES do not affect the search for the RFP, thanks to the operation of the BBMI 18. The location of the source is determined by two fixed points of reception.

The side receiving point (Fig. 5) structurally consists of a housing with equipment 29 with a receiving antenna system 1 located in its upper part and a communication line transmitter antenna 9. A rod 30 is fixed in the lower part of the housing with equipment 29. Rod 30 is a piece of pipe with a length 1-2 m with a pointed lower end. Installation of the side receiving point is carried out by deepening the rod 30 into the ground in a vertical position. In the case with the equipment 29 there is a radio receiver 2, a communication line transmitter 3 and an autonomous power supply.

The central receiving point (Fig. 4) structurally consists of a receiving antenna system 10, a housing with equipment 26 and a computer 16. The housing with equipment 26 is fixed to a rod 27 1-2 m long with a pointed lower end; ground rod 27 in a vertical position. In the upper part of the housing, a receiving antenna system 10 and a communication line receiver antenna 12 are fixed. The housing contains: a radio receiver 11, a communication line receiver 13, a two-channel ADC 14, an BSEM 15 and an autonomous power supply.

Thus, the device for searching and locating thrown jammers makes it possible to unambiguously determine the location of each of several RFPs operating at the same frequency with increased accuracy against the background of pulsed signals of the RES by two fixed points by calculating the trace of the difference correlation matrix, implemented in the form of special software in BOK-Z 19, developed on the basis of [US Pat. for invention No. 2733860 Russian Federation An improved method for determining the location of a quasi-continuous source of radio emission / D.S. Voinov, A.A. Druzhkov, P.P. Mukhamedov, S.A. Muschenko, V.V. Utkin - application 2020119704, priority 06/08/2020, registered 10/07/2020.], which allows to achieve the stated technical results.

Claims (1)

A device for searching and locating abandoned jammers, containing two fixed receiving points - a central and a side one, each of which includes an antenna system and a radio receiver of quasi-continuous emissions of thrown jammers (ZPP), and interconnected by a communication line, characterized in that in the central receiving point includes a block for estimating the coordinates of the FZP, made with the possibility of calculating the trace

difference correlation matrix R _xx (m) of signals of the input quasi-continuous signal of the RFP formed in the antenna elements of the central and side receiving points, and the cross-correlation function of the trace

difference-correlation matrices of the FDD signals, performing an additional noise reduction procedure based on the discrete S-transform of the obtained dependence of the trace of the difference-correlation matrices of the FDD signals, determining the path difference for each position by the maximum of its envelope and estimating the coordinate of the FDD using a difference-range method based on the analysis of the time dependence a trace of difference-correlation matrices of the FDD signals.

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