RU2764619C1 - Method for exposing a biological object to a cold plasma jet and unit for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to medicine, namely, to a method for exposing a biological object to a cold plasma jet and a unit for implementation thereof. The plasma jet is therein pumped through a generator via a dielectric channel of the working gas supplied to the channel through an inlet. A gas discharge is ignited in the channel by means of electrodes forming a discharge structure. A high-voltage voltage is applied to the electrodes, providing discharge and plasma formation and obtaining a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel. The plasma jet is directed at the object. The object is exposed to active forms: radicals and/or ions generated as a result of a gas discharge. An electric field is created in the spatial gap wherein the flowing plasma jet is localised and the object of exposure is located, configured to change the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the jet. By changing the distribution of the electric field in the spatial gap, the energy distribution of electrons is controlled. The unit comprises a working gas supply system, a high-voltage power supply, a plasma jet generator with a dielectric tubular body with an internal volume, wherein a channel for pumping the working gas, igniting a gas discharge therein and forming plasma is implemented, communicating with the working gas supply system via an inlet in the body. The plasma jet generator is equipped with a discharge structure composed of high-voltage discharge electrodes electrically connected with the high-voltage power supply, configured to form a discharge circuit. One of the electrodes is located outside of the body, configured to encircle the body, and the other electrode is located in the internal volume of the body. The installation is equipped with an auxiliary electrode brought into contact with the affected object and located at the required distance relative to the outlet for the plasma jet, which sets the spatial gap in which the expiring plasma jet and the affected object are located. In addition, the installation can be equipped with a pair of auxiliary electrodes, one of which, as indicated, is brought into contact with the affected object and is located at a distance from the outlet, setting the specified gap, and the second encircles the plasma jet, ensuring its passage through it without interaction with it, while maintaining the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it in relation to the electric field of the gap.

EFFECT: control of the quantitative content of active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) in a cold plasma jet, control of the distribution of active forms along the length of the jet, and control of the composition of active forms with a dominant effect on the object are achieved.

9 cl, 13 dwg, 15 ex

Description

The technical solution relates to medicine, to plasma technology, namely to devices for generating flows containing charged particles, such as sources (generators) of plasma, a cold plasma jet with active radicals, in particular, having the ability to deactivate infectious agents, influence biochemical and physiological processes that determine the vital activity of cells and tissues that have an overwhelming effect on cancer cells.

The method for the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object and the installation for its implementation were developed in connection with the work under the Russian Science Foundation grant 19-19-00255.

A cold (low-temperature) plasma jet, formed by a gas discharge device - a plasma jet generator, is a sequence of streamers that propagate in the environment in a gas flow pumped through a generator (F. Fanelli, F. Fracassi, Surface & Coating Technology, 2017, 322: 174-201; S. Reuter et al. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2018, 51: 233001).

When exposed to an object, the plasma jet delivers an electric field and a high concentration of energetic electrons to it, which ensures the generation of active radicals and ions in the atmosphere surrounding the object. The generated radicals and ions actively affect the object without a significant increase in temperature in the contact zone of the plasma jet with the object. Thus, it does not exceed a few degrees (S. Reuter et al., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2018, 51: 233001).

It was found that exposure to a cold plasma jet on cancer cells of various nature leads to the suppression of their vital activity - to programmed death (apoptosis) (G. Fridman, et al., Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 2007, 27 (2): 163-176 ; HJ Lee, et al., New Journal of Physics, 2009, 11 (11): 115026; GC Kim, et al., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2009, 42 (3): 032005; M Vandamme, et al., Plasma medicine, 2011, 1 (1): 27-43 M. Keidar, et al., British journal of cancer, 2011, 105 (9): 1295-1301, H. Tanaka, et al., Plasma Medicine, 2011, 1 (3-4): 265-277, L. Brulle, et al., J. PloS one, 2012, 7 (12): e52653, M. Vandamme, et al., International journal of cancer, 2012, 130 (9): 2185-2194, M. Keidar, et al., Physics of Plasmas, 2013, 20 (5): 057101, J. Schlegel, et al., Clinical Plasma Medicine, 2013, 1 (2): 2-7; NK Kaushik, et al., Molecules, 2013, 18 (5): 4917-4928; D. Yan, et al., Oncotarget, 2017, 8 (9) 15977; M. Keidar , D. Yan and JH Sherman, Cold Plasma Cancer Therapy , 2019, Morgan & Claypool Publishers; Acta Naturae, 2019; 11, no. 3 (42): 16-19; Applied Sciences, 2019; 9 (21): 4528 and others). When a biological object is exposed to a plasma jet, through which charged particles are generated and transported to the plasma-object interface, chemical reactions are stimulated in the atmosphere surrounding the object, in its immediate vicinity, as well as in the liquid, if the object is in contact with the latter, in the object itself. At the same time, the main chemical reagents include those that contain various reactive oxygen species - OH hydroxide, peroxide H ₂ O ₂ , singlet oxygen ¹ O ₂ , ozone O ₃ (S. Kalghatgi, et al., J. PloS one, 2011;6(1):e16270), etc. It has been established that oxygen/nitrogen-containing radicals and ions have an active influence on processes in biological cells. Efficiency in anticancer therapy of increased intracellular content of reactive oxygen species, achieved by using a low-temperature plasma jet, has been confirmed by studies carried out to date.

It has been experimentally shown (D. Yan, et al., Biointerphases, 2015; 10 (4): 040801) that after plasma treatment of biological objects in their cells, including cancer cells, a significant increase in the concentration of reactive oxygen species is observed. Although to date the chemical composition in cells after plasma treatment has not been studied in detail, nevertheless, it is confidently assumed that OH, H ₂ O ₂ and O ₂ are the main active forms that determine the increased level of reactive oxygen species in cells treated with a low-temperature plasma jet. .

The fact of the effectiveness of low-temperature plasma jet exposure has been established, which is expressed in the fact that the rate of division of cancer cells decreases significantly if cancer cells are treated with intracellular acceptors of reactive oxygen species (H.J. Ahn, et al., J. PloS one, 2011, 6 (11 ): e28154). Thus, increasing the rate of generation of active particles, in particular, OH radicals, in plasma sources is a way to intensify the processes of cold plasma jet impact on biological objects.

A known method of exposure to a biological object with a cold plasma jet (application publication US 2017/0354453 A1 dated 12/14/2017), including pumping through the plasma jet generator through the dielectric channel of the working gas supplied to the channel through its inlet, ignition in the channel when pumping the working gas gas discharge by using electrodes configured to form a discharge structure when a high-voltage voltage is applied to them, which ensures the formation of a plasma resulting in a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel, which is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active radicals generated by through a gas discharge. The length of the outflowing plasma jet is from 2 to 20 mm. A mixture of neon and argon gases is used as a working gas, or a mixture of helium with nitrogen and/or oxygen is used. The supply of high-frequency voltage pulses is carried out with a frequency of 0.5 to 10 MHz at a voltage amplitude of 0.5 to 2 kV, with a pulse duration of 400 to 800 ms. Form a plasma with a temperature of 25 to 50°C.

As the closest analogue, the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet was chosen (application publication US 2019/0328440 A1 dated October 31, 2019), which consists in pumping through the plasma jet generator through its dielectric channel the working gas supplied to the channel through its inlet, and ignition in the channel when pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by means of electrodes made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure, in which one of the electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis, and the second electrode is placed outside the generator, encircling the channel, in relation to which the supply is carried out high-voltage voltage, providing discharge and plasma formation, resulting in a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel equipped with a stainless steel capillary, which is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active radicals generated as a result of the gas discharge. Helium is used as the working gas. A sinusoidal voltage is applied with a peak value of up to 8 kV, with a frequency of 16 kHz. Form a plasma with a temperature of 25 to 50°C. The working gas is pumped through the dielectric channel at a rate of 0.2 l/min.

The document, revealing the essence of the closest analogue, presents the spectra of optical radiation of the generated cold plasma jet in the wavelength range λ equal to 200-850 nm, which demonstrate the presence of spectral lines belonging to nitrogen N ₂ , nitric oxide NO, molecular nitrogen ion N ₂ ⁺ and OH hydroxide. In addition, the results showing the relative content of OH and O ₂ ^- hydroxide, as well as the absolute values of the concentration of H ₂ O ₂ , NO ₂ ^- in the culture medium exposed to a cold plasma jet, which show the variety of short- and long-lived active forms of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing radicals.

A known installation for the implementation of the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object (publication of the description of the patent US 8460283 B1 dated 06/11/2013), containing a plasma jet generator with a dielectric tubular body with a hollow internal volume, in which at least one channel with an inlet for pumping working gas with its location at one end of the tubular housing, and at least one outlet pipe with an aperture is made with their location at the second end of the tubular housing, through which the outflow of the plasma jet is organized, the generator is equipped with a discharge structure as part of high-voltage electrodes - an anode and a cathode in addition, the installation is equipped with a high-voltage power source, with which high-voltage electrodes - an anode and a cathode, are electrically connected, providing ignition in the internal volume of the case when pumping the working gas of a gas discharge to form a plasma jet.

As the closest analogue, a setup was chosen for implementing the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object (application publication US 2018/0271579 A1 dated September 27, 2018), containing a working gas supply system, a high-voltage power source, a plasma jet generator with a dielectric tubular housing with an internal volume, in which at least one channel with a cross-sectional diameter of more than 1 mm is implemented for pumping the working gas, igniting a gas discharge in it and forming a plasma, communicating with the working gas supply system through an inlet in the housing, in addition, in the housing, in its at the end, the number of outlets for the outflow of the plasma jet is made corresponding to the number of channels, designed in the form of a nozzle by means of a capillary tube located outside the channel with a diameter of less than 500 μm, which acts as a nozzle for the outflow of the plasma jet, in addition, the plasma jet generator is equipped with a discharge structure as part of a high-voltage th discharge electrodes electrically connected to a high-voltage power source with the possibility of forming a discharge circuit, with the location of one of the electrodes outside the housing - with the possibility of encircling the housing with an internal volume in which at least one channel is implemented, and the other electrode - in the internal volume of the housing, wherein the electrode, located in the internal volume of the body, is made in the form of a set of electrically connected subelectrodes with the correspondence of their number in the set to the number of channels in the internal volume of the body, with the placement of the subelectrodes on the axes of the respective channels.

This information source also provides information on the use of the above device in order to influence glioblastoma tumors in the mouse brain. The spectrum of optical radiation in the wavelength range 250-850 nm of a cold plasma jet produced by the device is presented. The spectrum demonstrates the presence of spectral lines belonging to nitrogen N ₂ , nitric oxide NO, molecular nitrogen ion N ₂ ⁺ and hydroxide OH. Data are presented on the relative content of OH and O ₂ ^- hydroxide and on the absolute values of the concentration of H ₂ O ₂ , NO ₂ ^- in the culture medium after exposure to a cold plasma jet. A variety of generated short-lived and long-lived active forms of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing radicals is shown. It is noted that the increase in the concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the aquatic environment depends on the length of the treatment time. A decrease in the viability of glioblastoma cells was demonstrated under the direct and indirect effects of a plasma jet on cancer cells.

The considered known methods and devices for their implementation do not solve the technical problem of achieving an increase in the efficiency of the impact of a plasma jet on objects, primarily on biological objects in order to conduct anticancer therapy.

Their fundamental disadvantage is the absence of any control and regulation of the concentration of active forms-radicals in a cold plasma jet, especially in that part of it that affects a biological object, and as a result, the impossibility of controlling the dynamics of changes caused in objects, in particular, control dynamics of apoptosis of cancer cells.

The development of the proposed method for the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object and installations for its implementation is aimed at solving the technical problem of achieving an increase in the efficiency of the plasma jet in relation to any objects, and first of all, in relation to biological objects during anti-cancer therapy due to the achieved technical result.

The technical result is expressed in achieving:

- controlling the quantitative content of active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) in the cold plasma jet;

- controlling the distribution of active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) along the length of the jet;

- managing the composition of active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) that have a dominant effect on the object.

The technical result is achieved in the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, which consists in pumping through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, the working gas supplied to the channel through its inlet, and igniting the channel when pumping the gas discharge working gas by using electrodes made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure, in relation to which a high-voltage voltage is applied, providing a discharge and plasma formation, resulting in a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel, which is directed at the object and the object is exposed to active forms - radicals and / or ions generated as a result of a gas discharge, while in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution By varying the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the jet propagation direction, by changing the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial gap, the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active radical forms and/or ions is controlled.

In the method, ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes configured to form a discharge structure, in which one of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it, and the second discharge electrode is placed outside the generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded, and in the spatial gap, in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, and changing the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial the gap controls the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms-radicals and/or ions, due to the fact that an auxiliary electrode is used, which is brought into contact with o an object to which an equal, or negative, or positive potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, or the energy distribution of electrons is controlled, delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active radical forms and / or ions, due to the fact that they use a pair of auxiliary electrodes - an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with an object, which is supplied with an equal, or negative, or positive potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, and an auxiliary electrode, encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, which is supplied with an equal, or positive, or negative potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, and with respect to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the cross-sectional geometry is selected, including its dimensions, providing the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it relative to the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located.

In the method, the auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, is supplied with a potential from "minus" 1500 V to "plus" 1500 V, while it is set so that the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, and an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in the direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, is equal to from 15 to 20 mm, and the potential from "minus" 2500 V to "plus" 2500 V is applied to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet.

In the method, the auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, is made in the form of a flat plate of an electrically conductive material, and relative to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, it is made in the form of a flat plate of an electrically conductive material with a hole, while choosing the geometry of the hole, including its dimensions, which ensure, firstly, the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it relative to the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, namely , are made with a round hole with a diameter of 8 to 14 mm or 27 to 30 mm, or a rectangular hole with a size of 14 mm × 45 mm or 40 mm × 45 mm.

The technical result is achieved in an installation for implementing the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object, containing a working gas supply system, a high-voltage power source, a plasma jet generator with a dielectric tubular body with an internal volume, in which at least one channel is implemented for pumping the working gas, ignition a gas discharge and plasma formation in it, which communicates with the working gas supply system through the inlet in the housing, in which at its end there is also a number of outlets corresponding to the number of channels for the outflow of the plasma jet, while the plasma jet generator is equipped with a discharge structure as part of high-voltage discharge electrodes electrically connected to a high-voltage power source with the possibility of forming a discharge circuit, with the location of one of the electrodes outside the housing - with the possibility of encircling the housing with an internal volume, in which at least one channel, and the other electrode - in the internal volume of the housing, while the electrode located in the internal volume of the housing is made in the form of a set of electrically connected subelectrodes with their number in the set corresponding to the number of channels in the internal volume of the housing, with subelectrodes placed on the axes of the corresponding channels, in addition, the installation is equipped with an auxiliary electrode grounded or connected to an auxiliary power source, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of action are located, or the installation is equipped with a pair of auxiliary electrodes - an auxiliary electrode grounded or connected to an auxiliary power source, configured to drive contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of its location at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which defines the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of influence are located, and another auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the jet, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, and in relation to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions, is characteristic, providing, firstly, the passage a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located.

In the installation, an auxiliary electrode is made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of influence are located, equipped with means of its movement and positioning in space.

In the installation, an auxiliary electrode is made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, with a characteristic geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions, providing, firstly, passing through of the plasma jet without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located is equipped with means for moving and positioning it in space.

In the installation, an auxiliary electrode is made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of influence are located, made of electrically conductive material in the form of a flat plate.

In the installation, an auxiliary electrode is made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, with a characteristic geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions, providing, firstly, passing through of the plasma jet without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located is made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a flat plate in which a hole is cut round or rectangular, depending on the geometry of the cross section of the plasma jet, in the case of a round hole, its size in diameter is from 8 to 14 mm or from 27 to 30 mm, depending on the diameter of the cross section of the plasma jet, in the case of a rectangular hole e its size is 14 mm × 45 mm or 40 mm × 45 mm, depending on the size of the plasma jet cross section, or made of wire bent into a ring or rectangle to form a hole of the specified size.

The essence of the claimed is explained by the following description and the attached figures.

On FIG. Figure 1 presents in the form of block diagrams, in general terms, several options for implementing the installation in which the method of cold plasma jet exposure to a biological object is carried out, indicating its main functional units illustrating the operation of the method - a) options using grounded auxiliary electrodes, b ) a variant with the use of an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a continuous plate under potential, and with the absence of an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole for the jet, c) a variant with the use of an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole for a jet under potential, and using an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a solid plate when it is grounded, where 1 is the plasma jet generator; 2 - gas supply system; 3 - high-voltage power supply; 4 - plasma jet; 5 - object of influence; 6 - auxiliary electrode; 7 - auxiliary electrode; 8 - auxiliary power supply; 9 - auxiliary power supply.

On FIG. 2 schematically shows the implementation of a plasma jet generator based on a coaxial discharge cell in the embodiment with one cell (left side of the figure) and in the embodiment with N>1 cells (right side of the figure), where: 10 - case; 11 - bit channel; 12 - bit electrode; 13 - dielectric insert; 14 - insulator; 15 - bit electrode; 16 - inlet.

On FIG. Figure 3 schematically shows the implementation of a plasma jet generator based on a rectangular discharge cell in cross section with variants of execution consisting of one cell (left side of the figure) and N>1 cells (right side of the figure), where: 10 - case; 11 - bit channel; 12 - bit electrode; 13 - dielectric insert; 14 - insulator; 15 - bit electrode; 16 - inlet.

On FIG. Figure 4 shows the measured voltage and current oscillograms of the plasma jet generator for various voltage amplitudes, durations, and voltage pulse shapes.

On FIG. Figure 5 shows the emission spectrum of a cold (low-temperature) plasma jet at atmospheric pressure in the case of using helium as the working gas, measured at a point at half the length of the jet, when a high-voltage power source is supplied to the generator electrodes U = 5 kV and at a gas flow rate through the generator housing plasma jet υ=9.4 l/min, without the use of auxiliary electrodes.

On FIG. Figure 6 shows graphs concerning the radiation intensity of the OH radical: a) the distribution of radiation intensity at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm along the length of the plasma jet at a flow rate of the working gas of helium gas υ=3 l/min and supply from a high-voltage power source to the generator electrodes (voltage combustion) U=4.9 kV; b) change in the intensity of radiation at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm on the voltage of combustion at a flow rate of the working gas helium υ=3 l/min; c) change in the intensity of radiation at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm on the flow rate of the helium working gas when supplied from a high-voltage power source to the electrodes of the generator U=4.9 kV.

On FIG. Figure 7 shows the distribution of the electric field in the gap in which the plasma jet outflows, in the direction of its outflow (the direction coinciding with the direction of the z axis), when a high-voltage power supply is supplied to the generator electrodes U = 4.5 kV: a) using a grounded auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate, which is in contact with the object of influence; b) without using an auxiliary electrode.

On FIG. Figure 8 shows data on the radiation intensity of the OH radical of the jet, obtained by measurements in its most remote part from the generator outlet (above the target), - a) demonstrating the effect of the use of an auxiliary electrode in contact with the target on the emission intensity of the spectrum fragment in the UV range at using helium as a working gas to obtain a plasma jet, at a flow rate in the generator channel υ=3 l/min, supply from a high-voltage power source to the generator electrodes U=4.9 kV, b) dependence of the ratio of the radiation intensities of the OH radical on the high-voltage voltage generator electrode power source - the intensity obtained when using a grounded auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate that is in contact with the object of influence, to the intensity obtained without the specified auxiliary electrode, when using helium working gas at a flow rate in the generator channel υ = 3 l / min , n and wavelength λ≈309 nm, where: 17 - curve obtained using a grounded auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate; 18 - curve obtained without the use of an auxiliary electrode in the form of a continuous plate.

On FIG. Figure 9 shows data on the radiation intensity of the OH radical of the jet, obtained by measurements near the jet exit from the generator, demonstrating the effect of using an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet on the radiation intensity of a fragment of the spectrum in the UV range in cases of using an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a continuous plate , which is grounded, together with the auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, which is under the potential encircling the plasma jet, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, and without the latter, when used to obtain a plasma jet as a working gas of helium, its flow rate through the channel in the generator housing υ=3 l/min, supply from a high-voltage power source (combustion voltage) to the generator electrodes U=5.2 kV, at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm, where: 19 is a curve obtained without using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which made a hole under the plasma th jet; 20 - curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage on it U=0 V, located in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half; 21 - a curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage on it U = 2500 V, located in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half.

On FIG. Figure 10 shows the dependences of the ratio of the luminescence intensities of the OH radical on the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, installed in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half - the intensity obtained when the use of an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a continuous plate, which is grounded, together with an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate under potential, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, to the intensity obtained by using only the auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a solid plate, which is grounded, without an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet under potential in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm , near the outlet of the jet from the generator, when using helium as a working gas, at a flow rate through a channel made in the generator housing, υ=3 l/min, when the generator electrodes are supplied from a high-voltage power source U=5.2 kV, where the curve marked +U corresponds to the voltage supply to the auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, of positive polarity, and the curve marked -U corresponds to the voltage supply to the auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which the hole for the plasma jet is made, negative polarity.

On FIG. 11 shows the effect of the use of an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the emission spectrum of a cold (low-temperature) plasma jet of atmospheric pressure, obtained using a working helium gas, measured near the jet exit from the generator, when the generator electrodes are supplied from a high-voltage power supply U=5, 2 kV, at a rate of helium flow through a channel made in the generator housing, υ=3 l/min when using both auxiliary electrodes - an auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate that is in contact with the object of influence, which is grounded, and an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole installed in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half, as well as when using only one auxiliary electrode - an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a solid plate, which is grounded, without an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole, where 22 is a curve obtained without using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made; 23 - a curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage on it U=0 V; 24 - a curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage U = 2500 V on it.

On FIG. 12 shows the effect of the use of an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the emission spectrum of a cold (low-temperature) plasma jet of atmospheric pressure, obtained using the working helium gas, measured near the water surface covering the biological object, when the generator electrodes are supplied from a high-voltage power supply U= 5.2 kV, at a rate of helium flow through the channel made in the generator housing, υ=3 l/min, when using both auxiliary electrodes - an auxiliary electrode in contact with the target in the form of a solid plate, which is grounded, and an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole installed in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half, as well as when using only one auxiliary electrode - an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a continuous lastina, which is grounded, without an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form of a plate with a hole, where 25 is a curve obtained without using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made; 26 - curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage on it U=0 V; 27 - curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a negative voltage U=-1500 V; 28 - curve obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a positive voltage across it U=+1500 V.

On FIG. 13 shows data on the survival of A549 cancer cells in the form of time dependences of values characterizing the number of living cells in relative units, after exposure to plasma without using an auxiliary electrode - a) and after exposure to plasma using an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence, which was grounded, - b), where: 29 - dependence for control A549 cells; 30 - dependence for A549 cells exposed to a plasma jet when helium was used as a working gas, pumped through the generator channel at a speed of υ=5 l/min, at a combustion voltage of U=4.2 kV, without using an auxiliary electrode; 31 - dependence for A549 cells exposed to a plasma jet when using argon pumped through the generator channel υ=3 l/min as a working gas, at a combustion voltage of U=3.6 kV, without using an auxiliary electrode; 32 - dependence for A549 cells exposed to a plasma jet obtained by using helium as a working gas, pumped through the generator channel at a speed of υ=5 l/min, at a combustion voltage of U=4.2 kV, using a grounded auxiliary electrode, in contact with the object of influence; 33 - dependence for A549 cells exposed to a plasma jet using argon as a working gas, pumped through the generator channel at a speed of υ=3 l/min, at a combustion voltage of U=3.6 kV, using a grounded auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence.

The use of a cold plasma jet in order to obtain changes in biochemical and physiological processes in cells and tissues is based on the ability of a low-temperature (cold) plasma jet of atmospheric pressure, when it propagates in free space towards an object, to deliver electric fields and a high concentration of energetic electrons to it, what ensures the generation of active forms - active radicals and/or ions and the achievement of an active effect on the object. The indicated characteristic ability of the plasma jet is the basis on which both the above analogues and the proposed group of technical solutions function.

The distinctive features of the proposed group of technical solutions in comparison with the prior art are as follows.

In the proposed method of exposure to a biological object with a cold plasma jet in a spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 is localized and the object of influence 5 is located (see Fig. 1), an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction that is parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. The change in the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial gap in the direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation controls the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet 4 to the target 5 and generating active forms.

In the proposed installation for the implementation of the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object (see Fig. 1), an auxiliary electrode / electrodes (auxiliary electrode 6 or auxiliary electrode 6 and auxiliary electrode 7) are made with grounding (see Fig. 1, a) or with potential supply (see Fig. 1b) and c) from an auxiliary power source (auxiliary power source 8 (see Fig. 1b), auxiliary power source 9 (see Fig. 1c). Thus, in one embodiment, the installation is equipped with a grounded ( see Fig. 1a), its left side) or connected to an auxiliary power source 8 (see Fig. 1b) auxiliary electrode 6, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence 5 and with the possibility of placing it on the required for the implementation of the impact to the object at a distance relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet 4, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 is localized and the object is located in action 5 (see Fig. 1a) and b). In another version, the installation is equipped with a pair of auxiliary electrodes - an auxiliary electrode 6 grounded or connected to an auxiliary power source 8, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of action 5 and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for expiration plasma jet 4, which defines the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 and the object of action 5 are located, and another auxiliary electrode 7, made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet 4 and with the possibility of moving in a direction that is parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, which is grounded or connected with another auxiliary power source 9 (see Fig. 1a), its right side, and Fig. 1c).

The influence of the above differences, which is expressed in the implementation of the possibility of controlling the quantitative content of active forms - active radicals and/or ions in a cold plasma jet, controlling the distribution of active radicals and/or ions along the length of the jet, and controlling the composition of active radicals and/or ions that have a dominant effect on object is explained as follows.

The method of exposure to a cold plasma jet on a biological object is implemented by means of an installation that, taking into account all the embodiments described in the present description, includes a plasma jet generator 1, a gas supply system 2, a high-voltage power source 3, an auxiliary electrode 6, an auxiliary electrode 7, an auxiliary power source 8 , auxiliary power supply 9 (see Fig. 1).

Just as in the above analogues, realizing the impact, they fill in the one made according to the one shown in Fig. 2 and 3 bit cell - plasma jet generator 1 (see Fig. 1) with working gas through the inlet (inlet 16, see Fig. 2 and 3) and the working gas is pumped through the discharge channel 11 of the generator located in the housing 10 with a speed set above a certain threshold value by the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. 1), which is configured to control the gas flow rate. Also applied between the electrodes (discharge electrode 12 and discharge electrode 15, see Fig. 2 and 3) of the discharge cell high-voltage voltage from a high-voltage power source 3 (see Fig. 1) with a value exceeding a certain threshold value and providing a discharge and plasma formation . As a high-voltage power source 3, any means can be used that provide a voltage with a value necessary and sufficient for the breakdown of the discharge gap, specified by the location of the discharge electrodes, and leading to the development and formation of a discharge. On FIG. Figure 4 shows typical oscillograms of the voltage and current of the discharge cell of a low-temperature plasma jet at atmospheric pressure, which were measured at various values of the amplitude, duration, and shape of the voltage pulse. It can be seen from the oscillograms that the current generation occurs on the positive half-wave of the voltage. Under all investigated conditions, the current of the plasma jet, fixed when it was connected to an external metal collector and simultaneously recorded by the Rogowski coil, did not exceed 10–15 mA.

As a result of these actions, a plasma jet 4 is formed flowing from the outlet of the discharge channel 11, propagating in free space, directed to the object of action 5 (see Fig. 1-3) for processing it with active forms-radicals and/or ions generated in the result of a gas discharge. On FIG. Figure 5 shows the emission spectrum measured at a point located at half the length of the plasma jet 4 with identified spectral lines when the working gas of helium is pumped through the discharge channel 11 and voltage is applied to the discharge electrodes 12 and 15 (see Figs. 2 and 3), but without use of auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7 (see Fig. 1). This spectrum demonstrates, in addition to the emission lines of the working gas - helium, the presence in the plasma jet of the lines of the hydroxyl radical OH, molecular nitrogen N ₂ , molecular nitrogen ions N ₂ ⁺ , nitrogen oxide NO and the Balmer series of hydrogen. In the ultraviolet range, weak O ₂ and O ₂ ⁺ lines are observed.

To demonstrate the fundamental possibility of achieving a technical result, consider the changes regarding the OH hydroxyl radical, which cause the above differences in the proposed technical solutions.

The study of the spatial distribution in the plasma jet of the OH hydroxyl radical, which is characterized by an intense luminescence line with λ≈309 nm (see Fig. 5), showed that the luminescence intensity corresponding to the OH radical, reflecting the quantitative content of active form-radicals of OH, is maximum directly on exit from the discharge channel 11 - at the beginning of the jet and significantly decreases towards its end - in its most remote part relative to the exit from the discharge channel 11 (Fig. 6a). In this case, the intensity of the glow sublinearly increases with an increase in the discharge burning voltage (Fig. 6b). At a flow rate of the working gas of helium of 3-4 l/min, the intensity corresponding to the glow of the OH hydroxyl radical is maximum and sharply decreases with an increase in the flow rate (Fig. 6c). As a rule, the described situation is also characteristic of the prior art.

If a plasma jet is applied to a biological object in a saline solution or culture medium, a change in the emission spectra is observed. In particular, the luminescence lines of the OH hydroxyl radical are enhanced and the spectral lines characteristic of molecular nitrogen N ₂ appear.

The plasma jet affects the biological object and leads to the flow of chemical and biological reactions in cells, changing their viability. Water evaporates from the surface of the physiological fluid, the humidity of the air becomes higher as it approaches the surface. Increasing the humidity changes the characteristics of the plasma and increases the rate of generation of OH hydroxyl radicals. As radicals and ions diffuse into or form in the liquid (solvated species), water-related chemical reactions are set in motion. Many reactions, such as electron solvation and charge exchange, have characteristic times of the order of tens of nanoseconds. However, the chain of reactions initiated in a liquid by plasma can develop over several seconds or even minutes. There are long-lived radicals. In particular, hydrogen peroxide H ₂ O ₂ , the formation of which occurs as a result of the reaction of two OH hydroxyl radicals, which, in turn, are formed as a result of the solvation of OH in water. In addition, aqueous ozone O ₃ formed as a result of the solvation of gaseous O ₃ . Both H ₂ O ₂ and O ₃ can remain in water for up to a day. The presence of these long-lived radicals partially explains the chemical reactivity that persists after exposure to plasma for a long time (M. J. Traylor, M. J. Pavlovich, S. Karim, P. Hait, Y. Sakiyama, DS Clark, DB Graves, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 2011, 44: 472001).

However, in addition to the possibilities discussed above, leading to changes in the emission spectra of active radicals, which are the result of corresponding changes in the composition and concentration of active particles, another possibility has been revealed. This possibility is associated with the use of an additional electric field, which influences the composition, content of active particles, their distribution along the length of the jet, which is reflected in changes in the spectral characteristics. An additional electric field, using specially designed electrodes, is created in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 is localized and the target 5 is located (see Fig. 1). By creating an additional electric field, the distribution of the existing electric field is changed in a direction parallel to the direction of jet propagation. The change in the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial interval controls the distribution of electrons in energy, delivered by the plasma jet to the object, through which the generation of active forms-radicals and/or ions is ensured. To accomplish this, auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7 specially designed for this purpose are used (see Fig. 1). The fact that the distribution of the electric field changes in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized is confirmed by the measurements of the distribution of the electric field when using an auxiliary electrode (Fig. 7, a) and in the absence of an auxiliary electrode (Fig. 7, b).

On FIG. Figure 7 shows the measurement data of the distribution of the electric field when applied to the generator electrodes from a high-voltage power source 3 U=4.5 kV using an auxiliary electrode 6 (see Fig. 7, a), which is grounded, and without it (see Fig. 7 , b). Experiments have shown that in the case of using an auxiliary electrode 6 (see Fig. 7, a), the electric field strength, in particular, at the most distant point from the generator outlet (z=20 mm), lying on the jet axis (x=0 mm ), which doubles as a result. The electric field in the radial direction is distributed from the x-axis at a smaller distance, compared with the case of the absence of the auxiliary electrode 6. It is enhanced, characterized by a greater concentration. Calculations show that the use of an auxiliary electrode can provide an increase in the electric field strength by a factor of 3, and an increase in the ionization rate by a factor of 4.6 (I. Schweigert, Dm. Zakrevsky, P. Gugin, E. Yelak, E. Golubitskaya, O. Troitskaya, and O. Koval, Appl Sci., 2019, 9: 4528).

An additional electric field in the specified spatial gap when the plasma jet 4 acts on the - object is created by means of an auxiliary electrode 6 (for example, which is made in the form of a solid plate), which is brought into contact with the target 5. The auxiliary electrode 6 is installed motionless. The possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the plasma jet 4 is realized by applying a certain potential value to the auxiliary electrode 6. An equal potential is applied to the auxiliary electrode 6 relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, that is, the zero auxiliary electrode 6 is grounded (Fig. 1, a). If a negative potential is applied to the auxiliary electrode 6 relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded (Fig. 1b), that is, the potential of the opposite polarity relative to the polarity of the potential on the discharge potential electrode located in the discharge channel, near the auxiliary electrode 6, the field is enhanced.

By changing the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial gap due to the supply of potential to the auxiliary electrode 6, including the zero one, the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object is controlled, through which the generation of active particles is ensured. As a consequence, a change in the electron energy distribution provides a change in the composition, quantitative content of active particles, and their distribution along the length of the jet.

Placing a biological object under exposure to a plasma jet 4 on an auxiliary electrode 6 with a potential U=0 (the electrode is grounded) or with a negative potential U<0 (for example, from 0 to "minus" 5 kV), formed by a separate auxiliary power source 8 ( see Fig. 1b), and this potential can be applied both in a continuous mode and in a pulsed mode, leads to an increase in the electric field strength, in particular, at the target 5 and, accordingly, to an increase in the local electron temperature (energy) electrons, which in turn leads to the acceleration of ionization processes with the participation of electrons, in particular, the passage of the reaction of generation of the OH hydroxyl radical from H ₂ O molecules, followed by the reaction of the synthesis of H ₂ O ₂ peroxide.

The increase in the generation of the OH hydroxyl radical in the case of using the auxiliary electrode 6, located, for example, at a distance of 20 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator, to enhance the electric field in the indicated gap is confirmed by the measurement data of the radiation intensity of the OH radical, in particular, in the furthest from the outlet generator holes to the point of the plasma jet (see Fig. 8, a). On FIG. 8a) shows a fragment of the emission spectrum of a plasma jet corresponding to the UV range in the case of a working gas of helium over a biological object located in a culture medium, related to the OH hydroxyl radical with an emission line corresponding to a wavelength of λ≈309 nm, measured in the case of using an auxiliary electrode 6 - curve 17 obtained using a grounded auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate, that is, in the mode of enhanced electric field, and measured without using the auxiliary electrode 6 - curve 18 obtained without using a grounded auxiliary electrode in the form of a solid plate, that is, in the mode without amplifying the electric field. If in the absence of amplification of the electric field by applying a potential to the auxiliary electrode 6, as can be seen from the graph of the distribution of radiation intensity at a wavelength of λ≈309 nm along the length of the plasma jet at a flow rate of the working gas of helium gas υ=3 l/min and supply from the source high-voltage power supply to the generator electrodes (burning voltage) U = 4.9 kV (see Fig. 6a), the intensity of the glow of the OH radical at the point of the plasma jet that is most remote from the generator outlet is significantly reduced, which indicates a decrease in the generation of this radical, then at appropriate measures to enhance the electric field, the situation changes. In the case of amplification of the electric field by using the auxiliary electrode 6, it is easy to see above the surface of the biological object a significant increase in the luminescence related to the line of the OH hydroxyl radical. At the same time, it was established (see Fig. 8b) that the ratio of the luminescence intensities for the line of the OH hydroxyl radical, defined as the ratio of the intensity measured using a grounded auxiliary electrode 6 in the form of a solid plate, to the intensity measured without using the specified electrode, can reach twelve depending on the magnitude of the voltage supplied from the high-voltage power source 3 to the discharge electrodes of the generator. Thus, the electric field amplification factor is superimposed on the sublinear increase in the glow intensity with increasing discharge burning voltage (Fig. 6b).

Next, it should be considered that to change the distribution of the electric field in the spatial gap in which the plasma jet 4 and the object of influence 5 are localized, and, therefore, to control the distribution of electrons in energy delivered by the plasma jet to the object, through which the generation of active form-radicals and / or ions can be not one auxiliary electrode, but a pair of auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7 (see Fig. 1).

In this case, the distribution of the electric field in the spatial gap under consideration, when exposed to the plasma jet 4 on the object, is changed by means of the auxiliary electrode 6, which is brought into contact with the object of influence 5, and which is fixed, and through which the change in the field distribution is set with its amplification in the most remote part of the jet from the outlet of the generator, as discussed above, and the auxiliary electrode 7, which surrounds the plasma jet 4 (for example, which is made in the form of a plate with a hole for the plasma jet) and which is implemented with the ability to move in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. The movable auxiliary electrode 7 is set in the position that is necessary to ensure, as a result, the required distribution of the electric field in the gap plasma jet 4 - the object of influence 5 - in particular, to strengthen the field in the corresponding part of the jet, in relation to which there is a need for its amplification, the final the purpose of which is to enhance the generation of active particles of a certain type.

The possibility of changing the distribution of the electric field in the direction of propagation of the plasma jet 4 is implemented by applying to the auxiliary electrode 6 a certain potential value - a potential equal to the potential of the discharge electrode 15 covering the generator housing (see Fig. 2 and 3), which is grounded (respectively, zero potential is applied to auxiliary electrode 6), or in particular a negative potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode 15, which is grounded. In this case, in relation to the auxiliary electrode 7, a zero potential is applied, that is, the electrode is grounded (see Fig. 1, a), its right side). Alternatively, the auxiliary electrode 7 is supplied, in particular, with a positive potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode 15, which is grounded, connecting the auxiliary electrode 7, respectively, with the auxiliary power source 9 (see Fig. 1c).

Experimental confirmation has been obtained that the use of a movable auxiliary electrode 7 provides the realization of the possibility of changing the distribution of the electric field, in particular, with an increase in the electric field in the region of the outlet of the plasma jet generator - in the region located between the outlet of the plasma jet generator and the auxiliary electrode 7.

Thus, the enhancement of the generation of the OH hydroxyl radical in the region of the jet near the outlet of the generator at a distance of 3 mm from it, in the case of using auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7 to enhance the electric field in the specified gap, confirms the measurement data of the radiation intensity of the OH radical of the plasma jet (see Fig. Fig. 9). The measurements were made for the case of using helium as a working gas for generating a plasma jet, pumped at a speed through a channel in the generator housing υ=3 l/min, when supplied from a high-voltage power source (combustion voltage) to the generator electrodes U=5.2 kV, when the auxiliary electrode 6 is located at a distance of 20 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator 1, and the auxiliary electrode 7 is in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half. The auxiliary electrode 7 used is a plate with a round hole 12 mm in diameter, through which the plasma jet 4 passes, and is located at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. Comparison of the obtained curves of changes in the luminescence intensity in the corresponding spectral range (see Fig. 9) - curve 19 obtained without using the auxiliary electrode 7 moving along the jet in the form of a plate in which a hole is made for the plasma jet; curve 20 obtained by using the auxiliary electrode 7 in the form of a plate with a hole for the plasma jet, with a voltage on it U=0 V; curve 21, obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage on it U = 2500 V - shows an increase in the luminescence intensity and, consequently, the generation of the OH hydroxyl radical, in particular, at a point located on distance of 3 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator, in cases where auxiliary electrode 7 is used.

When moving the auxiliary electrode 7 and installing it closer to the object of influence 5 (in particular, at a distance of 3 mm from the object), which corresponds to an increase in the width of the region located between the outlet of the plasma jet generator and the auxiliary electrode 7, as spectral measurements show, a change occurs distribution of the electric field, which leads to a decrease in the intensity of the luminescence of the hydroxyl radical OH (309) over the object of influence 5 and, consequently, to a decrease in its generation.

With regard to the polarity of the potential applied to the auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7, which are respectively, as described in the cases described above, served with a negative and positive potential, the following should be noted.

If, when applied to the auxiliary electrode 6 (see Fig. 1), a potential of negative polarity is applied, then in this case an additional electric field that changes the distribution of the existing electric field in the direction of the jet propagation ensures its change in the spatial gap plasma jet 4 - the object of action 5 , which is expressed in the enhancement of the field in the near-surface region of the object. This leads to the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals, in which the generation of the latter is enhanced over the target 5.

Otherwise, if a potential of positive polarity is applied to the auxiliary electrode 6, then, accordingly, an additional electric field that changes the distribution of the existing electric field in the direction of the jet propagation ensures its change in the spatial gap plasma jet 4 - the object of action 5 with weakening in the near-surface region of the object , and, ultimately, instead of strengthening, there is a weakening of the generation of active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals.

Thus, by applying a negative potential to the additional electrode 6, the content of active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals in the near-surface region of the target is increased, and vice versa, by applying a positive potential to the additional electrode 6, the content of active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals is reduced. in the near-surface region of the target, realizing the possibility of controlling the content of active forms in the cold plasma jet above the target.

When used together with the auxiliary electrode 6, which is fixed in a fixed position, moving along the direction of propagation of the auxiliary electrode 7 jet, as shown above, the control possibilities of the generated active forms are expanded.

If the auxiliary electrode 7 is shifted along the direction of the jet propagation to the outlet of the generator and at the same time a positive polarity potential is applied to the auxiliary electrode 7 (see Fig. 1), in this case an additional electric field that changes the distribution of the existing electric field in the direction of the jet propagation, its change in the spatial gap is ensured by the plasma jet 4 - the object of action 5, which is expressed in the field enhancement in the area corresponding to the shift of the electrode to the generator outlet - in the area located between the auxiliary electrode 7 and the outlet of the plasma jet generator. This leads to such a distribution of electrons over the energy of the plasma jet, generating active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals, in which the generation of the latter is enhanced in the indicated region - between the outlet of the plasma jet generator and auxiliary electrode 7.

When the auxiliary electrode 7 is shifted along the direction of the jet propagation to the outlet of the generator and a potential of negative polarity is applied to it, an additional electric field that changes the distribution of the electric field in the direction of the jet propagation ensures its change in the spatial gap plasma jet 4 - the object of action 5, expressed in weakening field in the area corresponding to the shift of the electrode to the outlet of the generator - in the area located between the auxiliary electrode 7 and the outlet of the plasma jet generator. Accordingly, there is a change in the distribution of electrons over the energy of the plasma jet, generating active forms, in particular, OH hydroxyl radicals in such a way that the generation of the latter is weakened in the region corresponding to the shift of the electrode to the generator outlet - in the region located between the auxiliary electrode 7 and the outlet plasma jet generator.

Experimental curves (see Fig. 10), measured under the same conditions under which the experimental data were obtained, confirming the possibility of controlling the content of active radicals in a cold plasma jet and the distribution of active radicals along the length of the jet by applying to the auxiliary electrode using the example of the OH hydroxyl radical 7 potential of positive polarity (see Fig. 9), illustrate through the dependence of the ratio of luminescence intensities of the OH radical on the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode 7 of positive and negative polarity, the possibility of enhancing and weakening the generation of active forms. The dependence indicated by "+U" corresponds to the supply of voltage to the auxiliary electrode 7 of positive polarity, and the dependence indicated by "-U" corresponds to the supply of voltage to the auxiliary electrode 7 of negative polarity. When the grounded auxiliary electrode 6 is located at a distance of 20 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator 1, and the auxiliary electrode 7 is in a plane that intersects the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and divides it in half, measuring the intensity values in the jet near the outlet of the generator at a distance from it, equal to 3 mm, the ratio of intensities, defined as the ratio of the intensity measured using auxiliary electrode 7, to the intensity measured without auxiliary electrode 7, increases with an increase in the positive potential at auxiliary electrode 7, which indicates an increase in the generation of OH radicals at the indicated point . When a negative potential is applied to the auxiliary electrode 7, with an increase in its value, under otherwise equal conditions, the opposite situation is observed - the ratio of intensities decreases, which indicates a weakening of the generation of OH radicals.

Thus, using the example of the OH hydroxyl radical, using the above experimental data, the possibility of controlling the content of active radicals in a cold plasma jet and the distribution of active radicals along the length of the jet has been demonstrated.

With respect to other forms, in addition to the hydroxyl radical OH, as shown by spectral measurements, the use of auxiliary electrodes 6 and 7 provides the realization of the same possibilities.

In addition, the implementation of the possibility of controlling the composition of active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) that have a dominant effect on the object is achieved.

Thus, the emission spectrum of a cold (low-temperature) plasma jet (see Fig. 11), measured under the same conditions under which experimental data were obtained, confirming, using the example of the OH hydroxyl radical, the possibility of controlling the content of active radicals in a cold plasma jet and the distribution of active radicals along the length of the jet by applying a potential to the auxiliary electrode 7 (see Fig. 9 and 10), namely, in the area of the jet near the generator outlet at a distance of 3 mm from it, when helium is used as a working gas to generate a plasma jet pumped at a speed through the channel in the generator housing υ=3 l/min, when supplied from a high-voltage power supply (combustion voltage) to the generator electrodes U=5.2 kV, when the grounded auxiliary electrode 6 is located at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet plasma jet 1, and the auxiliary electrode 7, which is a plate with a round hole f form with a diameter of 12 mm, through which the plasma jet 4 passes, - in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half, that is, at a distance from the generator outlet equal to 10 mm, with a potential equal to zero applied to it ( electrode is grounded) or positive polarity value of 2500 V, shows the following.

When comparing the obtained curves of changes in the luminescence intensity in the corresponding spectral range, characterized by a wavelength from 300 to 450 nm (see Fig. 11), - curve 22, obtained without using the auxiliary electrode 7 moving along the jet; curve 23, obtained by using the auxiliary electrode 7 with the voltage on it U=0 V; curve 24, obtained using auxiliary electrode 7 with a voltage on it U=2500 V - it can be seen that in the presence of auxiliary electrode 7, the intensity of luminescence increases and, consequently, the generation of not only the OH hydroxyl radical, but also N ₂ at λ≈315 nm , at λ≈336 nm, at λ≈357 nm, at λ≈375 nm. At the same time, with the supply of a positive potential to the auxiliary electrode 7 relative to the luminescence of the N ₂ ⁺ ion by λ≈391 nm, a decrease in its intensity and, consequently, the generation of N ₂ ⁺ is noted at λ≈427 nm, and relative to the luminescence of the N ₂ ^{+ ion} at λ≈380 nm - a slight increase in intensity and, consequently, the generation of N ₂ ⁺ .

The spectra measured when applying to the auxiliary electrode 7 potential of negative polarity of the same value (not shown in the figures) under otherwise equal conditions, show that the situation is changing in the opposite direction. There is a weakening of the luminescence intensity and, consequently, the generation of the hydroxyl radical OH, N ₂ at λ≈315 nm, at λ≈336 nm, at λ≈357 nm, at λ≈375 nm. With respect to the luminescence of the N ₂ ⁺ ion at 1 nm, at λ≈427 nm, an increase in its intensity is observed and, as a result, an increase in the generation of N ₂ ⁺ with the negative potential U = 2500 V applied to the auxiliary electrode 7.

Spectra measured near the water surface covering the biological object, at a point lying at a distance of 3 mm from the specified surface, in relation to the atmospheric pressure plasma jet obtained using the working gas helium, passed through a channel made in the generator housing, with a speed υ= 3 l / min, when the generator electrodes are supplied from a high-voltage power supply voltage U = 5.2 kV, when both auxiliary electrodes are used - an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a solid plate, which is grounded, and an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet in the form a plate with a hole installed in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half, as well as when using only one auxiliary electrode - an auxiliary electrode in contact with the object of influence in the form of a solid plate, which is grounded, without encircling the plasma jet in auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate with a hole, which are shown in Fig. 12 show the following.

When the auxiliary electrode 7 is located, which is a plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm, through which the plasma jet 4 passes, in a plane crossing the jet perpendicular to the direction of its outflow and dividing it in half, that is, at a distance from the generator outlet, equal to 10 mm, when a potential equal to zero (the electrode is grounded), a positive potential, a negative potential is applied to it, and when the grounded auxiliary electrode 6 is located at a distance of 20 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator 1 (see Fig. 1), changes in the luminescence intensity are observed in a point lying at a distance of 3 mm from the water surface covering the biological object. So, in particular, with respect to the OH hydroxyl radical, the luminescence intensities corresponding to the measured curves - curve 26, obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a voltage across it U=0 V, and curve 27 , obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, with a negative voltage on it U = -1500 V, curve 28, obtained using an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, s positive voltage on it U=1500 V, curve 25, obtained without the use of an auxiliary electrode in the form of a plate, in which a hole for the plasma jet is made, differ (see Fig. 12). The luminescence intensity of the OH (309) radical is maximum in the absence of auxiliary electrode 7 in the form of a plate in which a hole for the plasma jet is made. In cases where auxiliary electrode 7 is used with a voltage across it U=0 V (curve 26) or with a negative voltage across it U=-1500 V (curve 27), the luminescence intensity of the OH (309) radical decreases by almost a factor of 2 and, accordingly, the content of the hydroxyl radical OH at the specified point above the object of action 5. In this case, curves 26 and 27 in the region of the spectrum related to the hydroxyl radical OH (309) practically coincide. Applying a positive voltage to auxiliary electrode 7 of the same value (U=+1500 V) leads to an even greater decrease in the luminescence intensity of the OH (309) radical (curve 28), by a factor of 3–4, compared with the absence of auxiliary electrode 7 (curve 25 ), causing a corresponding decrease in the content of the OH hydroxyl radical.

The use of auxiliary electrode 7, as shown by experimental data, makes it possible to reduce the luminescence intensity of active particles. Moving the auxiliary electrode 7 in the direction of the jet propagation from the output of the plasma jet generator 1 to the target 5 (see Fig. 1) leads to a decrease in the luminescence intensity of the active forms (radicals, ions, radicals and/or ions) above the target and, therefore, to reduce their content.

Experimental confirmation of the technical problem being solved, which is expressed in achieving an increase in the efficiency of the plasma jet exposure to any objects, and primarily to biological objects during anti-cancer therapy, due to the specified technical result, provides the obtained data on the survival of A549 cancer cells, presented on Fig. 13 illustrating the controllability of apoptosis dynamics in A549 cancer cells. Comparison of the dependencies shown in Fig. 13a) and 13b) shows that the use, in particular, of a grounded auxiliary electrode 6 in contact with the object of action 5 (see Fig. 1) leads to a greater efficiency of the plasma jet impact on the object (dependence 32 and dependence 33).

The installation for implementing the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object in variants of the generalized case of execution (see Fig. 1) contains: a plasma jet generator 1, a working gas supply system 2, a high-voltage power source 3, an auxiliary electrode 6, which is grounded (see Fig. 1). 1a) left side); or a plasma jet generator 1, a working gas supply system 2, a high-voltage power source 3, an auxiliary electrode 6, which is grounded, an auxiliary electrode 7, which is grounded (see Fig. 1a) right side); or plasma jet generator 1, working gas supply system 2, high-voltage power supply 3, auxiliary electrode 6, auxiliary power supply 8 (see Fig. 1b); or plasma jet generator 1, working gas supply system 2, high voltage power supply 3, auxiliary electrode 6, which is grounded, auxiliary electrode 7, auxiliary power supply 9 (see Fig. 1c); or a plasma jet generator 1, a working gas supply system 2, a high-voltage power source 3, an auxiliary electrode 6, an auxiliary electrode 7, an auxiliary power source 8, an auxiliary power source 9 (this embodiment of the installation is not shown in Fig. 1).

The plasma jet generator 1 may contain one (Fig. 2 and 3, their left parts) or N>1 (Fig. 2 and 3, their right parts) bit cells (bit channels 11).

The plasma jet generator (see Figs. 2, 3) is made with a dielectric tubular body 10 with an internal volume, in which at least one discharge channel 11 is implemented for pumping the working gas, igniting the gas discharge in it and forming the plasma. The discharge channel 11 communicates with the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. 1) through the inlet (inlet 16) in the housing 10. At the end of the housing 10 is also made corresponding to the number of channels 11, the number of outlets (item not shown) for the outflow of the plasma jet . At the same time, the plasma jet generator is equipped with a discharge structure as part of high-voltage discharge electrodes 12 and 15. These discharge electrodes are electrically connected to a high-voltage power source 3 (see Fig. 1) with the possibility of forming a discharge circuit, with the location of one of the electrodes 15) outside the housing 10 - with the possibility of encircling the housing 10 with an internal volume in which at least one channel is implemented, and the other electrode (discharge electrode 12) - in the internal volume of the housing 10. In this case, the specified electrode (discharge electrode 12) , located in the internal volume of the housing 10, is made in the form of a set of electrically connected subelectrodes. The number of subelectrodes in the set corresponds to the number of channels (discharge channels 11) in the internal volume of the housing 10. The discharge electrode 12 is placed with its subelectrodes in each of the discharge channels 11 on the axes of the corresponding channels (see Fig. 2 and 3).

The installation is equipped with an auxiliary electrode 6 grounded or connected to the auxiliary power source 8. The auxiliary electrode 6 is made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence 5 and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet 4. Said distance defines a spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 and the target 5 are located (see Fig. 1).

In another implementation of the installation, it is equipped with a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them - auxiliary electrode 6 is grounded or connected to an auxiliary power source 8. Auxiliary electrode 6 is made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence 5 and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet 4. The indicated distance defines the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet 4 and the object of action 5 are located. with auxiliary power supply 9.

The plasma jet generator 1 can be implemented in the following ways (FIGS. 2 and 3).

So, in one of the options, the body 10 (see Fig. 2, left side) is made in the form of a straight circular cylinder with an outer diameter of, for example, 14 mm from a dielectric material, such as quartz or ceramics. In the internal volume of the housing 10, in particular, when implementing one discharge cell, one discharge channel 11 is made, for example, 100 mm long and 10 mm in diameter. The discharge electrode 12 is located on the cylinder axis of the discharge channel 11, is made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a rod, for example, copper, or stainless steel, or titanium, 50 mm long and 2 mm in diameter or less. The discharge electrode 12 is installed to be placed in the discharge channel 11 in one end of the housing 10 using an insulator 14 to prevent the development of a discharge along the wall of the housing 10. in the form of a nozzle due to the placement in the discharge channel 11 of a dielectric insert 13 with a capillary, which is a sleeve, with a capillary diameter of 0.5 to 4 mm and an insert length of 3 to 6 mm. Outside the housing 10 there is a discharge electrode 15, made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a ring, with an inner diameter that allows tight coverage of the housing 10. The inlet (inlet 16), through which the volume of the discharge channel 11 communicates with the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. Fig. 1) and the working gas for plasma formation enters the discharge channel 11, is made in the housing 10 from the side of the potential electrode - the discharge electrode 12.

For the described design of the plasma jet generator (see Fig. 2, left side) is characterized by the area of the impact zone of the plasma jet from 1 to 4 mm ² , which is determined by the cross-sectional area of the flowing jet.

In another embodiment of the plasma jet generator, the body 10 (see Fig. 2, right side) is made in the form of a straight circular cylinder made of a dielectric material, such as quartz or ceramic. In the internal volume of the housing 10, in particular, when implementing thirteen bit cells densely located in it, thirteen bit channels 11 are made in the form of a straight circular dielectric cylinder (as shown in Fig. 2, right side), for example, 50 mm long, 2 mm inner diameter and 4 mm outer diameter. The discharge electrode 12 installed at one end of the body 10 with its subelectrodes, each of which is made in the form of a rod, for example, made of copper, or stainless steel, or titanium, 20 mm long and 0.5 mm in diameter or less, is located on the axis of the cylinder of each discharge channel 11. The discharge electrode 12 with its subelectrodes is installed to be placed in each discharge channel 11 at the end of the housing 10 using an insulator 14 with the possibility of preventing the development of a discharge along the wall of the housing 10. An outlet (position not shown) for the outflow of the plasma jet of each discharge channel 11 , located at the other end of the housing 10, is designed in the form of a nozzle due to the placement in each discharge channel 11 of a dielectric insert 13 with a capillary, which is a dielectric bushing. The capillary diameter is from 0.1 to 1 mm, and the length of the insert is from 3 to 6 mm. Outside the housing 10 there is a discharge electrode 15, made of an electrically conductive material, for example, copper, in the form of a ring, with an inner diameter that makes it possible to make a tight grip on the housing 10 and, thus, cover a set of discharge channels 11 densely located in the housing (as shown in Fig. Fig. 2, in its right part). Another implementation of the discharge electrode 15 is also possible - with an annular coverage of each discharge channel 11. The inlet (inlet 16), through which the volume of each discharge channel 11 communicates with the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. 1) and enters the discharge channels 11 the working gas for the formation of plasma, is made in the housing 10 from the side of the location of the potential electrode - the discharge electrode 12 with its subelectrodes.

The given design of the plasma jet generator (see Fig. 2, right side) is characterized by an increase in the area of the plasma jet impact zone, which is proportional to the number of discharge channels 11. For example, when seven discharge channels 11 are placed in the housing 10, the impact area reaches 30 mm ² .

The plasma jet generator 1 can be implemented not only using the geometric configuration for the body 10 and the discharge channel 11 of a straight circular cylinder, as discussed above. In particular, the housing 10, the discharge channel 11 may have a rectangular configuration (Fig. 3).

So, in a plasma jet generator implemented with a single discharge cell (see Fig. 3, left side), the housing 10 is made of dielectric plates, for example, quartz or ceramics, rectangular in shape 40 mm long, limiting the internal volume of a slit-like shape with a rectangular transverse with a cross section of 30 mm × 2 mm, which is a discharge channel 11. The discharge electrode 12 is located on the axis of the discharge channel 11, is made in the form of a multipoint electrode, for example, from an electrically conductive sheet material: copper, or stainless steel, or titanium, or tantalum. The multi-pointedness of the electrode is obtained by the fact that one of the sides of the cut-out rectangle made of sheet material, which, when the electrode is located in the discharge channel, is oriented in the plane of its cross section, is given a regular notched-toothed shape with the location of all the vertices of the teeth, which are points, in the same plane of the channel cross section , and all the depths of the recesses - in another plane of the cross section of the discharge channel. For the discharge electrode 12, sheet material with a thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm can be used. The cut out rectangle blank for the discharge electrode 12 can be up to 25 mm×20 mm in size. For the side of the rectangle, which is given a regular notched-toothed shape, the number of teeth (points) is, for example, in linear units from 0.2 to 2 pieces / mm or in absolute units from 1 tooth (point) over a length of 0.5 mm up to 1 tooth (point) on a length of 5 mm. When installing the discharge electrode in the channel, it is placed in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the larger side of the channel cross section and perpendicular to the plane of the smaller side of the channel cross section. The discharge electrode 12 is installed to be placed in the discharge channel 11 in one end of the housing 10 using an insulator 14 to prevent the development of a discharge along the wall of the housing 10. A rectangular outlet (item not shown) for the outflow of a plasma jet located in the other end of the housing 10 , designed in the form of a nozzle due to the placement in the discharge channel 11 of the dielectric insert 13, made as part of a pair of dielectric plates. The thickness of these plates is chosen based on the condition of reducing the cross-sectional area of the discharge channel in the area of the plates by 30 to 50%. The plates are installed adjoining them to the inner surfaces of the body walls of a larger area, made of a rectangular shape, with a width equal to the width of the inner surface of the body walls of a larger area, to which the plates adjoin, and the length is, for example, from 3 to 6 mm. Outside the housing 10, there is a discharge electrode 15 made of an electrically conductive material, made with a geometric configuration corresponding to the configuration of the housing 10, which makes it possible to tightly embrace the housing 10. The inlet (inlet 16), through which the volume of the discharge channel 11 communicates with the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. Fig. 1) and the working gas for plasma formation enters the discharge channel 11, is made in the housing 10 from the side of the potential electrode - the discharge electrode 12.

For the considered design of the plasma jet generator (see Fig. 3, left side), the area of the plasma jet impact zone is 40 mm ² , which is determined by the cross-sectional area of the jet.

In another embodiment of the plasma jet generator in the housing 10 (see Fig. 3, right side) is made, for example, three discharge cells - three discharge channels 11.

The case 10 is made of dielectric plates, for example, quartz or ceramics, of a rectangular shape 40 mm long, limiting the internal volume, which is divided by rectangular plates-inserts of the same dielectric located between two opposite sides of the case 10 into three identical, parallel relative to each other , slit-like channel. Each of these channels is characterized by a rectangular cross section of 30 mm × 2 mm. From one end of the housing 10, the discharge electrode 12 is located with its subelectrodes on the axis of each discharge channel 11 of a slit-like shape. Each of the sub-electrodes is made multi-pointed, for example, from an electrically conductive sheet material: copper, or stainless steel, or titanium, or tantalum. Each of the multi-pointed subelectrodes is obtained by the fact that one of the sides of a cut rectangle made of sheet material, which, when the subelectrode is located in the discharge channel, is oriented in the plane of its cross section, is given a regular notched-toothed shape with the location of all the vertices of the teeth, which are points, in one transverse plane. section of the channel, and all the depths of the recesses - in another plane of the cross section of the discharge channel. For the discharge electrode 12, sheet material with a thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm can be used. The cut rectangle—the blank of the sub-electrode of the discharge electrode 12 can be up to 25 mm×20 mm. For the side of the rectangle, which is given a regular notched-toothed shape, the number of teeth (points) is, for example, in linear units from 0.2 to 2 pieces / mm or in absolute units from 1 tooth (point) over a length of 0.5 mm up to 1 tooth (point) on a length of 5 mm. When installing each subelectrode in the channel corresponding to it, it is placed in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the larger side of the channel cross section and perpendicular to the plane of the smaller side of the channel cross section. The discharge electrode 12 is installed with its subelectrodes to place it in the discharge channel 11 in one end of the housing 10 using an insulator 14 with the possibility of preventing the development of a discharge along the wall of the housing 10 and along the walls of rectangular plates-inserts, which, to form discharge cells in the housing 10, are located between two its opposite sides. Rectangular outlet of multi-slit type (item not shown) for outflow of plasma jet, located at the other end of housing 10, is designed in the form of a nozzle by placing a dielectric insert 13 in each discharge channel 11, made as part of a pair of dielectric plates. The thickness of these plates is chosen based on the condition of reducing the cross-sectional area of the discharge channel in the area of the plates by 30 to 50%. The plates are installed adjoining them to the inner surfaces of the body walls of a larger area and/or to the surfaces of rectangular insert plates, made of a rectangular shape, with a width equal to the width of the inner surface of the body walls of a larger area and/or the width of the surface of the rectangular insert plates, to which the plates adjoin, and length - for example, from 3 to 6 mm. Outside the housing 10, there is a discharge electrode 15 made of an electrically conductive material, made with a geometric configuration corresponding to the configuration of the housing 10, which makes it possible to tightly embrace the housing 10. The inlet (inlet 16), through which the volume of the discharge channel 11 communicates with the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. Fig. 1) and each discharge channel 11 receives the working gas for plasma formation, is made in the housing 10 on the side of the location of the potential electrode - the discharge electrode 12.

For the given design of the plasma jet generator (see Fig. 3, right side), the area of the plasma jet impact zone is determined by the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from each discharge channel, equal to 40 mm ² multiplied by the number of discharge cells, for the considered embodiment of the plasma generator jet equal to 120 mm ² .

To implement the gas supply system 2 (see Fig. 1), devices are used that provide the supply of working gas at a rate of 0.1 to 15 l/min. As such, commercially available products can be used, for example, regulators of the rate of gas flow pumped through a gas discharge device - a plasma jet generator: rotameters for gas control of various series from Mera and Yuyao Kingtai Instrument Co. Ltd. (http://www.rotametrs.ru/rotametr.htm), program-controlled gas mass flow controllers, for example, RRG-12 from Eltochpribor (http://www.eltochpribor.ru/).

To implement a high-voltage power source 3 (see Fig. 1) associated with the discharge electrodes of the plasma jet generator, high-voltage sources are used that provide a sinusoidal voltage with a pulse repetition rate of 1-100 kHz with a voltage amplitude of 1-10 kV. Commercially available sinusoidal voltage power supplies can be used as such sources (http://www.cled.ru/catalog/neon/neon_transformers_crystalight_litebox/): electronic transformer Crystalight Litebox 06 kV, 30 mA, 36 kHz; electronic transformer Crystalight Litebox 08 kV, 30 mA, 31 kHz. In addition, to excite the plasma jet, pulsed voltage sources can be used that supply pulsed voltage to the discharge electrodes with a frequency of 0.01 to 100 kHz with a voltage amplitude of 1-100 kV. As such sources, it is possible to use standard devices - low-power and high-power nanosecond pulse generators from Eagle Harbor Technologies (ENT) Inc. (www.eagleharbortech.com/product-categories/nanosecond-pulsers/low-power-nanosecond-pulsers/). In addition, products from the Mantigora company - high-voltage pulse generators of the PHV and PHVD series (http://mantigora.ru/products.htm) can be used.

The auxiliary power supply 8 and the auxiliary power supply 9 are electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode 6 and the auxiliary electrode 7, respectively, to supply said electrodes with a potential of positive or negative polarity. In order to fulfill their function, as these sources, the simplest DC-DC voltage sources of their own assembly, designed on the basis of elementary knowledge of general physics, or commercially available devices, for example, from the Mantigora company - a high-voltage voltage converter of the M2, MT series (high-voltage DC-DC converter , http://mantigora.ru/HV.htm#nastol).

Auxiliary electrode 6, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which sets the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of influence are located, auxiliary electrode 7, made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction that is parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, to realize their positioning capabilities, including the possibility of movement, are connected with the means of movement and positioning, which are precision mechanics devices, for example, from the manufacturer STANDA (http://www.standa.lt):

a) 7T173 Narrow aluminum linear translator

b) 7T173-20-50 Narrow aluminum linear translator

In addition, linear translators from Thorlabs (https://www.thorlabs.com/navigation.cfm?guide_id=2) can be used as such.

Auxiliary electrode 6 and auxiliary electrode 7 can be made of electrically conductive sheet material, from which the discharge electrode 12 is made in the case of a plasma jet generator in versions using a rectangular configuration of the housing 10 and the discharge channel 11. Thus, the auxiliary electrode 6 can be a solid flat plate, which is the basis for placing the object of influence. The main function of the auxiliary electrode 6 is to provide contact with the target and influence the existing electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the target is located.

Auxiliary electrode 7 can be made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a flat plate, in which a hole is cut for the passage of the plasma jet. In the case of the implementation of the plasma jet generator in the execution with one discharge cell using a geometric configuration of a straight circular cylinder (with one discharge channel 11, as shown in Fig. 2 in its left part), causing an outgoing plasma jet with a diameter of 1 to 4 mm, the hole cut out in a round shape with a diameter of 8 to 14 mm, in the optimal case from 10 to 12 mm. If the plasma jet generator is implemented, for example, in a seven discharge cell version with a straight circular cylinder geometrical configuration, the circular hole is made with a diameter of 27 to 30 mm. When implementing a plasma jet generator in a design with a single discharge cell using a rectangular configuration (with one slit-type discharge channel 11, as shown in Fig. 3 in its left part) and the geometric dimensions of the cell, providing a cross-sectional area of the jet of 40 mm ² , the hole in the plate, a rectangular type is made in the form of a slot measuring 14 mm × 45 mm. If the plasma jet generator is implemented, for example, in a design with three discharge cells of a rectangular configuration (with three slot-type discharge channels 11, as shown in Fig. 3 in its right side), the geometric dimensions of each of which provide the cross-sectional area of the flowing from each cell plasma jet 40 mm ² , then the hole in the plate is made rectangular in size 40 mm × 45 mm. The electrode, the construction of which is considered, can be made of a wire bent in an appropriate geometric shape, providing, in particular, each of the given geometric opening configurations and dimensions. In addition, the geometric dimensions of the opening of the auxiliary electrode 7 may differ from the indicated dimensions, if only because of the use of a plasma jet generator that provides its other parameters - in relation to the cross section. The main function of the auxiliary electrode 7 is to ensure the passage of a jet through it with an impact on the existing electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located. On the one hand, the opening of the auxiliary electrode 7 must be sufficient to let charged particles through, preventing them from being attracted to the electrode or, conversely, repulsed. On the other hand, the hole should not be excessive in order to avoid a situation in which the potential of the auxiliary electrode 7 will be ineffective for influencing the field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the target is located. Thus, the geometry of the cross section of the auxiliary electrode 7 encircling the plasma jet, including its dimensions, is selected from the condition that the plasma jet passes through the auxiliary electrode 7 in the absence of interaction with the auxiliary electrode 7 and the presence of the effect of the potential of the auxiliary electrode 7 on the field in the spatial gap, in where the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located.

The operation of the proposed installation with the achievement of the specified technical result is demonstrated by the following examples of the implementation of the method of exposure to a biological object with a cold plasma jet.

Example 1

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A single discharge cell plasma jet generator with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, setting it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The specified auxiliary electrode controls the distribution of electrons by energy delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining an increase in the electric field over the object of influence and, as a result, an increase in the content of OH radicals by 11 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 2

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, helium, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (380) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, setting it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The indicated auxiliary electrode controls the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - N ₂ ⁺ (380) ions, obtaining an increase in the electric field over the object of influence and, as a result, an increase in the content of N ₂ ⁺ (380) ions in 2 .25 times in comparison with the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 3

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A single discharge cell plasma jet generator with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, which is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm serves an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded second auxiliary electrode is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, resulting in a weakening of the electric field over the target and, as a result, a decrease in the content of OH radicals by 2.3 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 4

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, helium, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (380) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm serves an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded second auxiliary electrode is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - N ₂ ⁺ (380) ions, obtaining a weakening of the electric field over the object of influence and, as a result, a decrease in the content of N ₂ ⁺ (380) ions in 1 .7 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 5

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A single discharge cell plasma jet generator with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm, a negative potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a second auxiliary electrode with a potential of minus 2000 V is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the outlet generator and, as a result, a decrease in the content of OH radicals by 1.9 times compared with the case in which there are no measures to create an additional field.

Example 6

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A single discharge cell plasma jet generator with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm, a positive potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a second auxiliary electrode with a plus potential of 2000 V is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining an amplification of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the outlet generator and, as a consequence, an increase in the content of OH radicals by 1.9 times compared with the case in which there are no measures to create an additional field.

Example 7

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, helium, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms-ions N ₂ ⁺ (391) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm, a negative potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a second auxiliary electrode with a potential of minus 2000 V is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (391), obtaining an increase in the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator and, as a result, an increase in the content of N ₂ ⁺ (391) ions by 1.3 times compared with the case in which there are no measures to create an additional field.

Example 8

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, helium, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (391) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm, a positive potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a second auxiliary electrode with a plus potential of 2000 V is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (391), obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the outlet of the plasma jet generator and, as a result, a decrease in the content of N ₂ ⁺ (391) ions by 1.4 times compared with the case in which there are no measures to create an additional field.

Example 9

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A single discharge cell plasma jet generator with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of influence is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. A positive potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, an auxiliary electrode with a plus potential of 1500 V is used. The second of the electrodes - an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm serves an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, use the second auxiliary electrode grounded. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the target and, as a result, a decrease in the content of OH radicals by 3.8 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 10

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, helium, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 3 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.2 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - N ₂ ⁺ ions (380) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. A positive potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, an auxiliary electrode with a plus potential of 1500 V is used. The second of the electrodes - an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 12 mm serves an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded second auxiliary electrode is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - the N ₂ ⁺ ion (380), obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the object of influence and, as a result, a decrease in the content of N _{2 ions} ⁺ (380) by 2.1 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 11.

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 15 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 7 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with seven discharge cells with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the total outflowing plasma jet is 6 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, setting it motionless at a distance of 15 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The specified auxiliary electrode controls the distribution of electrons by energy delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining an increase in the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the target and, as a result, an increase in the content of OH radicals by 3 times compared to with a case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 12.

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 15 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 7 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with seven discharge cells with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the total outflowing plasma jet is 18 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 15 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded.

That is, an auxiliary electrode is used, which is grounded. The second of the electrodes - an auxiliary electrode, encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, is installed at a distance of 7.5 mm from the generator outlet. On the specified second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a round hole with a diameter of 30 mm serves an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded second auxiliary electrode is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309), obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the object of action and, as a result, a decrease in the content of hydroxyl radicals OH ( 309) by 1.3 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 13

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - helium - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 15 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 13 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 7 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with one slit-type discharge cell is used, with a geometric configuration of the cross-section of a rectangular discharge channel. The size of the cross section of the outflowing plasma jet is 20 mm × 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use a pair of auxiliary electrodes. One of them is an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object by placing it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, an auxiliary electrode is used, which is grounded. The second of the electrodes is an auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, made with the possibility of moving in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the generator outlet. Said second electrode in the form of a flat plate with a rectangular hole measuring 14 mm × 43 mm is supplied with an equal potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded second auxiliary electrode is used. These auxiliary electrodes control the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309), obtaining a weakening of the electric field at a point at a distance of 3 mm from the object of action and, as a result, a decrease in the content of hydroxyl radicals OH ( 309) by 1.5 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 14

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas, argon, is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 4 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 40 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.6 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms-ions N ₂ ⁺ (380) generated as a result of the gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, setting it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The indicated auxiliary electrode controls the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active N ₂ ⁺ (380) ion forms, obtaining an increase in the electric field over the target and, as a result, an increase in the content of N ₂ ⁺ ions (380), in 2 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Example 15

When implementing the method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, the working gas - argon - is pumped through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, which is a discharge channel. The working gas is fed into the channel through the inlet at a rate of 4 l/min. Ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes (discharge electrodes) configured to form a discharge structure. One of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and a positive potential is applied to it. The second discharge electrode is placed outside the plasma jet generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded. To ignite the discharge in the discharge channel in relation to the discharge electrodes, a high-voltage voltage of a sinusoidal type is applied with a pulse repetition rate of 40 kHz and a voltage amplitude of 5.6 kV. As a result, a discharge and plasma formation are provided and a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel is obtained. A plasma jet generator with a single discharge cell with a straight circular cylinder geometric configuration is used. The cross-sectional diameter of the outflowing plasma jet is 1 mm. The jet is directed to the object and the object is exposed to active forms - hydroxyl radicals OH (309) generated as a result of a gas discharge.

In the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation. To do this, use an auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, setting it motionless at a distance of 20 mm from the generator outlet. An equal potential is applied to said electrode in the form of a flat plate relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded. That is, a grounded auxiliary electrode is used. The specified auxiliary electrode controls the distribution of electrons by energy delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms - OH hydroxyl radicals, obtaining an increase in the electric field over the object of influence and, as a result, an increase in the content of OH radicals by 8 times compared to the case in which there are no measures regarding the creation of an additional field.

Claims (9)

1. A method of influencing a biological object with a cold plasma jet, which consists in pumping through the plasma jet generator, along its dielectric channel, the working gas supplied to the channel through its inlet, and igniting the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by means of the use of electrodes made with the possibility of forming a discharge structure, in relation to which a high-voltage voltage is applied, providing a discharge and plasma formation, resulting in a plasma jet flowing from the outlet of the channel, which is directed at the object and exposed to the object with active forms-radicals and / or ions generated as a result of a gas discharge, characterized in that in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing ing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, a change in the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial gap controls the energy distribution of electrons delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms-radicals and/or ions. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the ignition is carried out in the channel while pumping the working gas of the gas discharge by using electrodes configured to form a discharge structure, in which one of the discharge electrodes is placed inside the channel on its axis and positive is applied to it potential, and the second discharge electrode is placed outside the generator, encircling the channel, and it is grounded, and in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation jets, and a change in the distribution of the electric field in the specified spatial interval controls the distribution of electrons in energy, delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms-radicals and/or ions, due to the fact that an auxiliary electrode is used, which is brought into contact with an object to which an equal, or negative, or positive potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, or the distribution of electrons in energy is controlled, delivered by the plasma jet to the object and generating active forms-radicals and/or ions, for due to the fact that a pair of auxiliary electrodes are used: an auxiliary electrode that is brought into contact with an object to which an equal, or negative, or positive potential is applied relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, and an auxiliary electrode that surrounds the plasma jet, made with the possibility of movement in directions along the outflowing plasma jet, which is supplied with an equal, or positive, or negative potential relative to the potential of the discharge electrode, which is grounded, and with respect to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the cross-sectional geometry is selected, including its dimensions, which ensure the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it, and the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it relative to the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, is supplied with a potential from "minus" 1500 V to "plus" 1500 V, while it is set so that the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, and an additional electric field is created with the possibility of changing the distribution of the existing electric field in the direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, is equal to from 15 to 20 mm, and the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet is supplied with a potential from "minus » 2500 V to plus 2500 V. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, which is brought into contact with the object, is made in the form of a flat plate of electrically conductive material, and relative to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, it is made in the form of a flat plate of electrically conductive material with a hole, while choosing the geometry of the hole, including its dimensions, providing, firstly, the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it relative to the electric field in the spatial gap in which the the outflowing plasma jet and the object of action is located, namely, it is made with a round hole with a diameter of 8 to 14 mm or from 27 to 30 mm, or a rectangular hole with a size of 14 mm × 45 mm or 40 mm × 45 mm. 5. Installation for the implementation of the impact of a cold plasma jet on a biological object, containing a working gas supply system, a high-voltage power source, a plasma jet generator with a dielectric tubular body with an internal volume in which at least one channel is implemented for pumping the working gas, ignition in it gas discharge and plasma formation, which communicates with the working gas supply system through the inlet in the housing, in which at its end there is also a number of outlets corresponding to the number of channels for the outflow of the plasma jet, while the plasma jet generator is equipped with a discharge structure as part of high-voltage discharge electrodes, electrically connected to a high-voltage power source with the possibility of forming a discharge circuit, with the location of one of the electrodes outside the housing - with the possibility of encircling the housing with an internal volume, in which at least one channel is implemented, and the other electrode - in the internal volume of the housing, while the electrode located in the internal volume of the housing is made in the form of a set of electrically connected subelectrodes with their number in the set corresponding to the number of channels in the internal volume of the housing, with the subelectrodes placed on the axes of the corresponding channels, characterized in that the installation is equipped with a grounded or an auxiliary electrode connected to an auxiliary power source, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the influence on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is located and the object of influence, or the installation is equipped with a pair of auxiliary electrodes: an auxiliary electrode grounded or connected to an auxiliary power source, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object volume of impact and with the possibility of its location at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which specifies the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of influence are located, and another auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the ability to move in a direction parallel to the direction of the jet propagation, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, and in relation to the auxiliary electrode encircling the plasma jet, the geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions, is characteristic, which ensures, firstly, the passage of the plasma jet through it without interaction with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located. 6. Installation according to claim. 5, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of placing it at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which sets the spatial gap, in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of action are located, is equipped with means for its movement and positioning in space. 7. Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the jet, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, with a characteristic geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions, providing, firstly, the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, is equipped with means for its movement and positioning in space. 8. Installation according to claim. 5, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility of bringing it into contact with the object of influence and with the possibility of its location at the distance required for the implementation of the impact on the object relative to the outlet for the outflow of the plasma jet, which sets the spatial gap, in which the outflowing plasma jet and the object of action are located, is made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a flat plate. 9. Installation according to claim. 5, characterized in that the auxiliary electrode, made with the possibility of encircling the plasma jet and with the possibility of moving in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the jet, which is grounded or connected to another auxiliary power source, with a characteristic geometry of the electrode, including its dimensions that ensure, firstly, the passage of a plasma jet through it without interacting with it and, secondly, the effectiveness of the influence of the potential applied to it on the electric field in the spatial gap in which the outflowing plasma jet is localized and the object of action is located, is made of an electrically conductive material in the form of a flat plate, in which a round or rectangular hole is cut, depending on the geometry of the plasma jet cross section, in the case of a round hole, its size in diameter is from 8 to 14 mm or from 27 to 30 mm, depending on the diameter of the cross section plasma jet, in s In the beam of a rectangular hole, its size is 14 mm × 45 mm or 40 mm × 45 mm, depending on the size of the cross section of the plasma jet, or it is made of wire bent into a ring or rectangle to form a hole of the specified size.

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