RU2764426C1 - Controlled bypass valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of the oil and gas industry, in particular to devices for extracting gel residues after hydraulic reservoir fracturing (hereinafter – HRF), reaction products after acid treatment, well development, geophysical studies of a reservoir by compression, well jamming, and it can also be used to extract well fluid by the gas lift method. A controlled bypass valve consists of a case with an internal channel. At ends of the case, there is thread for screwing a pump and compressor pipe (hereinafter – PCP) into an elevator, a filter and a valve block are sequentially fixed inside the case. The internal channel of the valve block communicates with the channel of the case and provides hydraulic connection of the valve block to the pipe PCP space. The valve block contains a control unit of valve opening, an HRF valve, a working valve, and a jet located sequentially inside the valve block. The control unit of valve opening opens the HRF valve channel only after a series of pressure pulses of a given amplitude, duration and frequency generated in the annular space.

EFFECT: increasing the reliability of the shut-off mechanism of the valve and ensuring the possibility of HRF passage through the valve, thereby reducing the number of descent and lifting operations for a column of pump and compressor pipes.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of the oil and gas industry, in particular to devices for extracting gel residues after hydraulic fracturing (HF), reaction products after acid treatment, well development, geophysical studies of the formation by compression, well killing, and can also be used for production well fluid by gas lift method.

A controlled bypass valve is known (patent for invention No. RU2730156, published on 08/19/2020), including a housing with an annular protrusion on the inner surface and drain radial channels, a spool that is limited in the axial direction, blocking the drain channels when moving up and opening the drain channels when moving down , and a compression spring, moreover, the spool is provided with a through axial channel - a seat, in which the shut-off element of the check valve is located, the annular protrusion is located below the drain channels, the spring is installed between the annular protrusion and the spool, which is made with the possibility of a snug fit to the inner surface of the body, moreover, the spool equipped with externally located diagonally radial pins, which, to limit the longitudinal movement, are inserted into the internal looped groove of the body, which is made of symmetrical alternating short and long longitudinal samples, connected by a figured groove, which allows reciprocating movement in the spool body under the action of pressure and a spring, be sequentially located with the corresponding pins in long samples to close the drain channels and short samples to open the drain channels, while the spring force is higher than the force of the liquid column pressing on the spool.

The disadvantages of the known device are:

- initiation of the valve by a ball, due to the narrowing of the internal passage channel, which is unacceptable during large-scale hydraulic fracturing;

- location of the mechanism inside the bore of the valve body, which can lead to clogging or wear by abrasive particles;

- valve control occurs when pressure is created in the tubing;

- the inability to regulate the through passage of the valve with the help of jets;

- the impossibility of installing several valves in the tubing lift for conducting geophysical surveys by compression or gas lift production.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a starting clutch with a valve (utility model patent No. RU140103, published on April 27, 2014), placed in the tubing string and rigidly connecting the upper and lower parts of the string relative to the starting clutch, made in in the form of an axisymmetric hollow body of rotation with a thread at the ends, in the side wall of which at least one valve is installed, containing a body, an emphasis, a seat with a central hole installed in the recess of the body, and a locking element made in the form of a rigid ball with the possibility of its movement inside the cylindrical channel, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the ball and the diameter of the central hole of the seat in the place of its contact with the body, which communicates the internal cavity of the coupling with the annulus, while the parts of the cylindrical channel facing the annulus and the internal cavity of the starting clutch are made with smaller diameters than the diameter of the ball a, part of the cylindrical channel facing the internal cavity of the starting clutch communicates with it through additional channels made along the periphery of the cylindrical channel, the part of the central hole of the valve seat adjacent to the stop is made with a smaller diameter than the diameter of the ball, and the valve seat is made of elastomeric material.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- no possibility of pressuring the packer or creating back pressure during hydraulic fracturing;

- the inability to open the valve with the help of control;

- the lack of the possibility of backwashing the well.

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The technical result to be achieved by the present invention is to enable hydraulic fracturing through the valve, thereby reducing the number of tripping operations for the tubing string, increasing the reliability of the valve locking mechanism.

To achieve the specified technical result, a controlled bypass valve is proposed, consisting of a body with an internal channel, at the ends of which a thread is made for screwing into the tubing lift, a filter and a valve block are fixed in series inside the body, the internal channel of the valve block communicates with the body channel and provides hydraulic connection of the valve unit with tubing space, wherein the valve unit contains a valve opening control unit, a hydraulic fracturing valve, a working valve, a jet located in series inside the valve unit, and the valve opening control unit opens the hydraulic fracturing valve channel only after a series of pressure pulses of a given amplitude, duration and frequency, created in the annulus.

The claimed result is achieved by means of the claimed controllable well development and killing valve installed in the tubing string during hydraulic fracturing. In this case, both one and several sequentially located valves can be installed in the tubing string.

The controllable bypass valve is a structurally independent product, separately installed in the hydraulic fracturing equipment layout, containing a valve block that provides unidirectional hydraulic connection (flow of well fluid and gas) from the outer (annulus) space of the tubing string to the pipe (internal) space at a given excess pressure in the annulus, and reliably blocking the reverse flow of well fluid and gas during hydraulic fracturing.

The valve body is made in the form of a branch pipe and has two threads, with which the valve is screwed into the tubing lift, also has a longitudinal bed on the outer surface for the valve block and a channel that connects to the valve block. The valve block is screwed separately to the body, which makes it convenient for revision, repair and adjustment. The valve block contains a filter located in series inside the body of the valve block, designed to purify a liquid or gas in order to prevent contamination of the valves and jet during operation, a jet, a working valve and a hydraulic fracturing valve, which can be represented in particular by a spool valve, designed to reliably hold the differential pressure during hydraulic fracturing, a valve opening control unit designed to close the valve channel before it is put into operation. The start valve design uses a ball operating valve to control the differential pressure that opens the channel between the annulus and tubing. The jet regulates the flow of liquid or gas, and can also regulate the flow of air for well compression or gas lift production.

The valve opening control unit can be mechanical, hydraulic or electronic. The valve opening control unit opens the valve channel only after a series of pressure pulses of a given amplitude, duration and frequency generated in the annulus, while it is tuned in advance on the surface to a specific code created by the amplitude, duration and frequency of pressure pulses received from the annulus.

To protect the valve block from mechanical impurities contained in the well fluid, the valve structurally provides for the installation of an inlet filter, while, depending on the nature of the work performed, the volume and purity of the pumped well fluid, it is allowed to install a filter both in common with the valve block in the housing bed, and and in additional.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

The figure 1 shows the body of the starting valve, the figure 2 shows the valve body with the valve block, the figures 3, 4 show the valve block, where:

1 - valve body;

2 - valve block;

3 - body of the valve block;

4 - filter;

5 - jet;

6 - working valve;

7 - spool valve;

8 – valve opening control unit;

9 - thread.

The starting valve consists of a body 1, on the surface of which a thread 9 is made for screwing into the tubing lift, a filter 4 and a valve block 2 are fixed inside the body 1, while the valve block 2 contains a jet 5, a ball operating valve 6, located in series inside the body of the valve block 3 , spool valve 7, valve opening control unit 8.

The device works as follows.

The valve body 1, with the valve block 2 installed in it, is screwed onto the threaded connection in the tubing string, together with the tubing is lowered into the well and positioned at the required depth. During hydraulic fracturing, high pressure is created in the tubing cavity and the internal cavity of the valve body 1, while the ball operating valve 6 is closed and the spool valve 7 is also closed. Both valves duplicate each other, increasing the degree of reliability of the design. As a rule, before hydraulic fracturing, it is necessary to pressurize the packer, which seals the space between the tubing and production string, and also, in the process of hydraulic fracturing, back pressure is created on the packer through the annulus between the tubing and production string, for this a certain pressure is created in the annulus. To ensure that during these and similar operations the valve channel remains in the closed position, which will make it possible not to change the hydraulic fracturing process, the valve block 2 is equipped with a valve opening control unit 9, which is pre-adjusted to a certain signal created by the pressure drop in the annulus. There is no communication between tubular and annulus during all operations related to the preparation and conduct of hydraulic fracturing.

The valve operation is initiated by the creation of pressure pulses in the annulus, while the control unit is activated and the valve channel opens. The spring of the ball operating valve 6 is set to open the valve at a pressure drop of 3-5 atm. between annulus and tubing. When creating a difference of 3-5 atm., liquid or gas through the filter 4 enters the channel of the starting valve, passes through the hydraulic fracturing valve, in particular - the spool valve 7, the operating valve 6, the jet 5 and enters from the annulus into the internal cavity of the tubing, which makes it possible to use the valve for its intended purpose.

The analysis of the patent and scientific and technical literature did not reveal technical solutions with a similar set of essential features, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty".

The claimed essential features, predetermining the receipt of the specified technical result, do not explicitly follow from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention complies with the patentability condition "inventive step".

Claims (4)

1. Controlled bypass valve, consisting of a body with an internal channel, at the ends of which a thread is made for screwing into the tubing lift, a filter and a valve block are fixed in series inside the body, characterized in that the internal channel of the valve block communicates with the body channel and provides hydraulic connection of the valve block unit with tubing space, wherein the valve unit contains a valve opening control unit, a hydraulic fracturing valve, a working valve, a jet located in series inside the valve unit, and the valve opening control unit opens the hydraulic fracturing valve channel only after a series of pressure pulses of a given amplitude, duration and frequency, created in the annulus. 2. Bypass valve controlled according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve opening control unit is made mechanical, hydraulic or electronic. 3. Bypass valve controlled according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing has a longitudinal bed for the valve block. 4. Bypass valve controlled according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing has a bed for the filter.

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