CN113550722B - Perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113550722B CN113550722B CN202010271327.8A CN202010271327A CN113550722B CN 113550722 B CN113550722 B CN 113550722B CN 202010271327 A CN202010271327 A CN 202010271327A CN 113550722 B CN113550722 B CN 113550722B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/084—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with means for conveying samples through pipe to surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention relates to a perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and a construction method thereof, wherein at least two layers of perforation implementation pipe columns are arranged in the pipe column, after the pipe column is put into a well, each layer of perforation implementation pipe column corresponds to a reservoir stratum to be exploited, the perforation implementation pipe column positioned at the top layer in the pipe column is sealed by an upper-layer packer to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a bypass valve is arranged in the upper-layer packer, and a pressure transmission pipe is arranged in the bypass valve; each layer of perforation implementation pipe column positioned below the top layer of perforation implementation pipe column is sealed by a lower layer packer to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a communicating valve is arranged in the lower layer packer, and a pressure transmitting pipe is arranged in the communicating valve; the upper surfaces of sliding sleeves in tappers of perforating implementation tubular columns at all layers are provided with layer changing tracks, rupture discs in the interply preset communicating devices can be broken according to preset layer changing pressure, pressure of pressure transmission pipes in the top layer perforating implementation tubular column can enter the perforating implementation tubular columns at all layers below through a control pipeline and a communicating valve, and the process of perforating, testing and flowback of a reservoir to be mined can be realized by running the tubular column once.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction pipe column and a construction method of a petroleum industry test well, in particular to a perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and a construction method thereof.
Background
In the exploration and development process of various oil fields, in order to obtain the data of the property of formation fluid, the yield of various fluids, the formation pressure, the pressure change in the fluid flowing process and the like, and obtain various physical parameters of a reservoir through the analysis and processing of the data, the formation is evaluated, so that a reliable basis is provided for the development of the oil field, and therefore, the oil testing operation is required to be carried out before the production operation of the oil field.
At present, in the domestic formation oil testing operation, the conditions of oil water and pressure of a production layer are usually realized by adopting a perforation-testing combined operation method, the common perforation testing combined operation is that a one-trip pipe column is put in to shoot one layer and test one layer, the perforation testing combined operation pipe column is internally provided with a gas lifting working barrel, a positioning short joint, a test valve, a pressure gauge supporting barrel, a safety joint, a hole digger, a sieve pipe, a shock absorber, an exploder and a perforation gun, the hole digger is connected in the sieve pipe, and the gas lifting working barrel, the positioning short joint, the test valve, the pressure gauge supporting barrel and the safety joint are sequentially connected through an oil pipe. One trip is made and only one layer can be shot and tested.
The construction pipe column has the following defects: if the number of thin layers in the reservoir is large, if each layer needs perforation testing, multiple times of pipe columns need to be put in, and the construction cost is greatly increased. Therefore, the time for pulling out and putting in the pipe column is longer, and the construction cost is greatly increased. Yield loss if some thin layers are discarded; if a plurality of thin layers are perforated together, not only can dry layers which are not needed to be used be perforated simultaneously, but also interlayer interference can be generated; if there is a water layer in the jetted thin layer, the development benefit will also be reduced.
In view of the above, there remains a need for an improved perforating test multi-string.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and a construction method thereof, which mainly aim at wells with more thin layers in a reservoir and needing perforation and test on each layer, only need to put in the pipe column once, realize layered perforation, test and flowback, avoid interlayer interference, save the operation cost and the construction time, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and improve the oil testing efficiency and the oil testing cost.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a perforation, test, integrated multi-functional tubular column of the flowback includes the gas lift working barrel, positions the short circuit, the test valve, pressure gauge supporting cylinder, safe joint, perforator, perforated screen pipe, snubber, blaster and perforating gun, the perforator is connected in the perforated screen pipe, the gas lift working barrel, position the short circuit, test valve, pressure gauge supporting cylinder and safe joint to loop through the connection of the oil line, its characteristic is, there are two layers of perforation that implement the tubular column at least in the integrated multi-functional tubular column, after putting into the well, each layer of perforation implements the tubular column and corresponds to the reservoir bed to be exploited, the perforation that locates at the top layer in the tubular column implements the tubular column and seals the oil jacket annular space and installs the bypass valve in the upper packer by the upper packer, the bypass valve is equipped with the pressure-transmitting pipe; each layer of perforation implementation pipe column positioned below the top layer of perforation implementation pipe column is sealed by a lower layer packer to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a communicating valve is arranged in the lower layer packer, and a pressure transmitting pipe is arranged in the communicating valve; the middle layers of perforating implementation pipe columns are sequentially connected with a sieve pipe provided with a hole puncher, a shock absorber, an upper control pipeline bypass joint, an interlayer preset communicating device, an exploder, a perforating gun and a lower control pipeline bypass joint, and the upper control pipeline bypass joint is communicated with the lower control pipeline bypass joint through a control pipeline; the perforation implementation pipe column positioned at the bottommost layer can be provided with no control pipeline upper bypass joint, no control pipeline lower bypass joint, no control pipeline and no interlayer preset communicating vessel; the lower ends of pressure transmission pipes connected in the bypass valve and the communicating valve are both arranged above the shock absorber; the upper surfaces of sliding sleeves in the tappers of the perforating implementation pipe columns of all layers are provided with layer changing tracks, rupture discs in the interply preset communicating devices can be broken according to preset layer changing pressure, and pressure from pressure transmission pipes in the perforating implementation pipe column of the top layer can enter the perforating implementation pipe columns of all layers below through control pipelines and communicating valves.
The layer changing track is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve and is an axial N-shaped long and short combined track; and a connecting pin is inserted into the layer changing track, the other end of the connecting pin is arranged in the rotating ring, and the connecting pin is positioned in the short track of the layer changing track when the hole digger goes into the well.
The rotating ring is provided with a radial pin hole, a connecting pin is arranged in the radial pin hole, the wall thickness of the rotating ring is equal to the thickness of a groove formed after the spring cylinder and the perforated sleeve are connected, and the rotating ring is clamped in the groove formed after the spring cylinder and the perforated sleeve are connected by the spring cylinder and the perforated sleeve.
Sliding sleeve liquid flow hole and trompil cover liquid flow hole are equipped with respectively in sliding sleeve and the trompil cover, all are equipped with the sealing member at the outer wall of sliding sleeve and lower part inner wall, can form sealedly to sliding sleeve liquid flow hole, trompil cover liquid flow hole and pressure transmission pipe.
The interlayer preset communicating vessel is also provided with an upper communicating vessel joint and a lower communicating vessel joint, the rupture disc is arranged in the stepped inner cavity at the lower part of the upper communicating vessel joint and is in threaded connection with the lower part of the stepped inner cavity, and the upper communicating vessel joint is in threaded connection with the lower communicating vessel joint; the inner cavity of the upper part of the upper joint of the communicating vessel is provided with internal threads, and the outer wall of the lower part of the lower joint of the communicating vessel is provided with external threads which can be connected with an oil pipe or an oil pipe coupling.
The rupture disk is provided with an upper disk body, rupture sheets and a lower disk body, the rupture sheets are tightly pressed between the upper disk body and the lower disk body, and the lower disk body is in threaded connection with the lower part of the upper connector stepped inner cavity of the communicating vessel.
The rupture disc is made of a chromium-nickel alloy material, the thickness of the rupture disc is set to be between 0.5mm and 0.8mm, and the rupture pressure is equal to or greater than the layer changing pressure.
The bypass valve comprises a bypass valve body and a plug screw, an overflowing channel and a bypass channel are arranged in the bypass valve body, the plug screw is connected to the end portion of the outer end of the bypass channel, a pressure transmission pipe is connected to the lower portion of the bypass channel, and a filter screen is arranged in the plug screw.
The bypass passage is provided with an axial hole and a radial hole, the axial hole is not communicated with an upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body, the lower aperture is enlarged and is in threaded connection with the pressure transmission pipe, and the upper end of the axial hole is communicated with the radial hole; the overflowing channel is an annular channel surrounding the periphery of the bypass channel, an upper end port of the overflowing channel is communicated with an upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body, and a lower end port of the overflowing channel is communicated with the lower end of the bypass valve body.
A lateral flow channel and an axial channel are arranged in a valve body of the communicating valve, the axial channel is arranged on the periphery of a central hole of the communicating valve 18, and the upper end of the axial channel is communicated with the lateral flow channel and leads to the outside of the side wall of the communicating valve from the lateral flow channel; at least three axial channels and at least three side flow channels are arranged, and the central holes of the communicating valves can pass through the pressure transmitting pipes.
The construction method for the perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column comprises the following steps:
A. when oil testing operation is required, the integrated multifunctional pipe column is put into a pretreated shaft, at the moment, a test valve and an air-lift working barrel in the pipe column are both in a closed state, a positioning instrument put into a positioning short section is utilized to position each layer of perforation implementation pipe column in the pipe column at a position of a reservoir layer to be mined in the shaft, the pipe column is rotated to seat a lower layer packer and pressurize and seat an upper layer packer, the pipe column is fixed in the shaft, and an oil pipe at the upper end of the pipe column is connected with a well head;
B. opening the test valve to enable the integrated multifunctional pipe column to be communicated up and down;
C. the pressure in the oil sleeve ring air above the upper packer is transmitted to a control pipeline upper bypass joint and transmitted to a control pipeline lower bypass joint by a bypass valve, and finally transmitted to the lower part of the lower packer by a pressure transmission pipe, and the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir stratum to be exploited are completed from bottom to top from the bottom of a shaft;
D. and after the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir to be exploited are finished, starting the integrated multifunctional pipe column to obtain pressure recording data in the pressure gauge support cylinder.
In the process of completing perforation, sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft, firstly starting the hole openers in the perforation implementation pipe columns of all layers, then starting the exploder and the perforation guns in the perforation implementation pipe columns of the bottommost layer, and shooting the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft; after the perforation is finished, the operation of opening and closing the well for many times is carried out according to the operation of the test valve 4, and the test is implemented; after the test is finished, pumping high-pressure gas from the oil sleeve annulus, wherein the high-pressure gas enters the integrated multifunctional pipe column through the gas lift working barrel, is fully mixed with a formation fluid sample in the pipe column, reduces the density of the formation fluid sample, and enables the high-pressure gas to drive the fluid sample to be rapidly discharged to a well head so as to finish the sampling operation; after a fluid sample in the reservoir to be exploited is taken out, stopping pumping high-pressure gas into the oil sleeve annulus, and after the oil sleeve annulus is decompressed, closing the test valve; and acquiring the change of the formation pressure through the pressure gauge supporting cylinder, and completing the sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer.
After the perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoir to be produced at the bottommost layer are finished, pressing the oil sleeve annulus to close a hole opener in the perforation implementation tubular column at the bottommost layer; and continuously pressing, presetting rupture discs in the communicating vessels between the blasting layers, and completing perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoirs to be mined one by one according to the perforation, sampling and testing steps of the reservoirs to be mined at the bottommost layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
the invention is an integrated multifunctional process pipe column capable of simultaneously realizing perforation, formation test and reservoir flowback, can realize that a plurality of thin layers in a reservoir can be perforated one by one and tested one layer by one once running of the pipe column, and can realize gas lifting flowback, thereby not only reducing the labor intensity of workers, but also obviously improving the oil testing efficiency and reducing the oil testing cost. The concrete points are as follows:
1. and the three procedures of perforation, testing and flowback of the reservoir to be mined can be realized by putting the pipe column once.
2. And the packer is connected with the plurality of packers in the tubular column, so that the packer is realized when each layer in the reservoir to be exploited is perforated, tested and drained.
3. Only one layer in the reservoir to be exploited is perforated, tested and flowback at a time, and each layer can obtain more accurate fluid properties.
4. Each layer in the reservoir to be exploited can realize negative pressure perforation, and the oil and gas layer can be effectively induced and jetted.
5. The same pump pressure is applied to shoot through each interval in the reservoir to be produced.
6. Through layered perforation, test and flowback, the properties of each reservoir to be exploited, such as an oil-bearing layer, a water-bearing layer or a gas-bearing layer, can be accurately judged, so that an oil-water interface and an oil-gas interface in a stratum are accurately identified, and a basis is provided for later exploitation measures.
7. The formation pressure is balanced by hydrostatic pressure in the tubular column originally, but in order to clear up porthole and porthole compaction area after the perforation, need let the formation pressure release, just so need reduce the interior hydrostatic column height of tubular column to make the stratum fluid blowout, the induced draft pressure as required can be through the liquid level height in the adjustment oil pipe at the well head, with adjustment hydrostatic column pressure, thereby accurate control formation pressure and hydrostatic column pressure, negative pressure value promptly.
8. The detonator adopts a pressure delay detonator, so that the hole digger can be opened firstly, the stratum and the oil pipe are communicated, then the detonator is started, the perforating gun is activated, and the stratum is shot.
9. The construction period is short, the well-occupying time of construction is saved, the operation cost is saved, and the operation efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the integrated multifunctional pipe column can complete three procedures of perforation, formation pressure change test and flowback only by once tripping operation in the shaft, thereby not only reducing the labor intensity of constructors, but also improving the oil testing operation efficiency, reducing the cost of the oil testing operation and having wide application value and popularization prospect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated multifunctional column according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the gas lift mandrel.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the hole cutter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sliding sleeve in the hole opener.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a screen construction.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an interlayer default connector.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the bypass valve.
Fig. 8 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along the linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the communication valve.
Fig. 10 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along the linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 9.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column comprises a gas lift working cylinder 2, a positioning short circuit 3, a test valve 4, a pressure gauge supporting cylinder 5, a safety joint 6, a hole opener 9, a sieve pipe 10, a shock absorber 11, an exploder 14 and a perforation gun 15, wherein the hole opener 9 is connected in the sieve pipe 10, and the gas lift working cylinder 2, the positioning short circuit 3, the test valve 4, the pressure gauge supporting cylinder 5 and the safety joint 6 are sequentially connected through an oil pipe 1. The integrated multifunctional pipe column is at least provided with two layers of perforation implementation pipe columns, after the pipe column is put into a well, each layer of perforation implementation pipe column corresponds to a reservoir stratum to be mined, the perforation implementation pipe column positioned at the top layer in the pipe column is sealed by an upper-layer packer 8 to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a bypass valve 7 is arranged in the upper-layer packer 8, and a pressure transmission pipe 20 is arranged in the bypass valve 7; each layer of perforation implementation pipe column positioned below the top layer perforation implementation pipe column is sealed by a lower layer packer 19 to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a communicating valve 18 is arranged in the lower layer packer 19, and a pressure transmitting pipe 20 is arranged in the communicating valve 18; the middle layers of perforating implementation pipe columns are sequentially connected with a sieve pipe 10 provided with a hole opener 9, a shock absorber 11, a control pipeline upper bypass joint 12, an interlayer preset communicating device 13, an exploder 14, a perforating gun 15 and a control pipeline lower bypass joint 17, and the control pipeline upper bypass joint 12 is communicated with the control pipeline lower bypass joint 17 through a control pipeline 16; the perforation implementation pipe column at the bottommost layer can be provided with no control line upper bypass joint 12, no control line lower bypass joint 17, no control line 16 and no interlayer preset communicating device 13; the lower ends of the bypass valve 7 and the pressure transmission pipe 20 connected with the communication valve 18 are both arranged above the shock absorber 11; the sliding sleeve 94 in the tapper 9 of each layer of perforation implementation tubular column is provided with a layer changing track, the rupture disk 132 in the interlayer preset communicating device 13 can be broken according to the preset layer changing pressure, and the pressure from the pressure transmission pipe 20 in the top layer of perforation implementation tubular column can enter the perforation implementation tubular column of the lower layer through the control pipeline 16 and the communicating valve 18. The upper end of the shock absorber 11 is connected with the sieve tube 10, the lower end of the shock absorber is connected with the control pipeline upper bypass joint 12, the control pipeline lower bypass joint 17 is connected to the lower part of the perforating gun 15, and the control pipeline upper bypass joint 12 and the control pipeline lower bypass joint 17 are communicated through the control pipeline 16 to transmit pressure; the oil pipe 1 of upper end is connected with the well head in the tubular column, all can realize connecting through oil pipe 1 between each device in the tubular column, can go into the location instrument and fix a position between tubular column and the reservoir that treats to exploit in the location nipple joint 3 of connecting in the tubular column.
On the basis of the first embodiment, the present invention has the following embodiments
Referring to fig. 4, the layer changing track is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 94 and is an axial N-shaped long and short combined track; the layer-changing track is inserted with a connecting pin 96, the other end of the connecting pin 96 is arranged in the rotating ring 95, and the connecting pin 96 is positioned in the short track of the layer-changing track when the hole digger 9 goes down the well.
The rotating ring 95 is provided with radial pin holes, connecting pins 96 are arranged in the radial pin holes, the wall thickness of the rotating ring 95 is equal to the thickness of a groove formed after the spring cylinder 92 and the perforated sleeve 97 are connected, and the rotating ring 95 is clamped in the groove formed after the spring cylinder 92 and the perforated sleeve 97 are connected by the spring cylinder 92 and the perforated sleeve 97.
The sliding sleeve 94 and the perforated sleeve 97 are respectively provided with a sliding sleeve liquid flow hole and a perforated sleeve liquid flow hole, and the outer wall and the lower inner wall of the sliding sleeve 94 are respectively provided with a sealing element, so that the sliding sleeve liquid flow hole, the perforated sleeve liquid flow hole and the pressure transfer pipe 20 can be sealed. The hole digger 9 is also provided with a hole digger upper joint 91, a spring 93, a shearing pin 98 and a hole digger lower joint 99, wherein the hole digger upper joint 91, the spring cylinder 92 and the hole digger sleeve 97 are sequentially connected with the hole digger lower joint 99; the spring 93 and the sliding sleeve 94 are sequentially arranged in the spring barrel 92 and the opening sleeve 97. The sliding sleeve 94 is connected to the rotating ring 95 by a connecting pin 96 and to the perforated sleeve 97 by a shear pin 98. When the pressure from the oil casing annulus is transmitted to the lower end face of the sliding sleeve 94 of the hole opener 9 through the pressure transmission pipe 20 by the side flow passage 181 of the communication valve 18 or the bypass passage 712 of the bypass valve 7, the sliding sleeve 94 is pushed to move upwards. When pressure is applied to the lower end face of the sliding sleeve 94, the shear pin 98 is sheared, and the sliding sleeve 94 can be made to move up to the reversing position of the layer changing track. After pressure relief, the sliding sleeve 94 is pushed into the long track of the layer changing track by the spring 93, the opening sleeve fluid hole of the opening sleeve 97 is communicated with the sliding sleeve fluid hole, and formation fluid in a reservoir to be exploited can enter the oil pipe 1. The screen pipe 10 comprises a screen pipe upper joint 101, a screen pipe sleeve 102, an adjusting ring 103 and a screen pipe lower joint 104, wherein screen holes are formed in the screen pipe sleeve 102 and a screen pipe outer sleeve, the screen pipe sleeve 102 and the screen pipe outer sleeve are sleeved outside the screen pipe upper joint 101 and the screen pipe lower joint 104 and can be adjusted and fixed through the adjusting ring 103 after being sleeved. The outer circle of the lower part of the screen pipe upper joint 101 and the inner cavity of the upper part of the screen pipe lower joint 104 are both provided with threads connected with the hole digger 9, and the hole digger 9 is arranged inside the screen pipe 10.
The interlayer preset communicating vessel 13 is also provided with an upper communicating vessel joint 131 and a lower communicating vessel joint 133, the rupture disc 132 is installed in the stepped inner cavity at the lower part of the upper communicating vessel joint 131 and is in threaded connection with the lower part of the stepped inner cavity, and the upper communicating vessel joint 131 is in threaded connection with the lower communicating vessel joint 133; the inner cavity of the upper connector 131 of the communicating vessel is provided with internal threads, and the outer wall of the lower part of the lower connector 133 of the communicating vessel is provided with external threads which can be connected with the oil pipe 1 or a coupling of the oil pipe.
The rupture disk 132 is provided with an upper disk body, a rupture disk 1321 and a lower disk body, the rupture disk 1321 is tightly pressed between the upper disk body and the lower disk body, and the lower disk body is in threaded connection with the lower part of the stepped inner cavity of the upper connector 131 of the communicating device.
The rupture disc 1321 is made of a chromium-nickel alloy material, the thickness of the rupture disc 1321 is set to be 0.5mm-0.8mm, and the rupture pressure is equal to or greater than the layer replacement pressure. The rupture pressure is generally about 9-15MPa, and the rupture can be broken according to the preset layer-changing pressure.
The bypass valve 7 comprises a bypass valve body 71 and a plug screw 72, wherein an overflowing channel 711 and a bypass channel 712 are arranged in the bypass valve body 71, the plug screw 72 is connected to the end part of the outer end of the bypass channel 712, the pressure transmission pipe 20 is connected to the lower part of the bypass channel 712, and a filter screen is arranged in the plug screw 72.
The bypass passage 712 is provided with an axial hole and a radial hole, the axial hole is not communicated with the upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body 71, the lower aperture is enlarged and is in threaded connection with the pressure transmission pipe 20, and the upper end of the axial hole is communicated with the radial hole; the flow passage 711 is an annular passage surrounding the periphery of the bypass passage 712, an upper end port of the flow passage 711 is communicated with an upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body 71, a lower end port of the flow passage 711 is communicated with a lower end of the bypass valve body 71, and the upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body 71 can be connected with the oil pipe 1.
A lateral flow channel 181 and an axial channel 182 are arranged in the valve body of the communication valve 18, the axial channel 182 is arranged on the periphery of the central hole of the communication valve 18, and the upper end of the axial channel 182 is communicated with the lateral flow channel 181 and leads to the outside of the side wall of the communication valve 18 from the lateral flow channel 181; at least three axial passages 182 and side flow passages 181 are provided, and the central hole of the communication valve 18 can pass through the pressure transmission pipe 20. A pressure transfer tube 20 passes through the interior of the communication valve 18 to transfer pressure from the upper perforation administration string to the lower perforation administration string. The upper inner cavity of the valve body of the communicating valve 18 is provided with threads which can be connected with the oil pipe 1 by threads.
The initiator 14 is a pressure delay initiator; the lower packer 19 is an RTTS type packer.
The construction method for the perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column comprises the following steps:
A. when oil testing operation is required, the integrated multifunctional pipe column is put into a pretreated shaft, at the moment, a test valve 4 and a gas lift working barrel 2 in the pipe column are both in a closed state, a positioning instrument put into a positioning short section 3 is utilized to position each layer of perforation implementation pipe column in the pipe column at a position of a reservoir layer to be mined in the shaft, the pipe column is rotated to seat a lower layer packer 19 and pressurize and seat an upper layer packer 8, the pipe column is fixed in the shaft, and an oil pipe 1 at the upper end of the pipe column is connected with a well head;
B. opening a test valve 4 to enable the integrated multifunctional pipe column to be communicated up and down, wherein the test valve 4 is an LPR-N type valve;
C. the pressure in the oil sleeve annulus above an upper packer 8 is transmitted to an upper control pipeline bypass joint 12 and transmitted to a lower control pipeline bypass joint 17 by a control pipeline 16 by a bypass valve 7, and finally transmitted to the lower part of a lower packer 19 by a pressure transmission pipe 20, and the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir to be exploited are completed from bottom to top from the bottom of a shaft;
D. after the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir to be exploited are finished, the integrated multifunctional pipe column is started to obtain pressure recording data in the pressure gauge support cylinder 5.
In the process of completing the perforation, sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft, firstly starting the hole opener 9 in the perforation implementing pipe column of each layer, then starting the detonator 14 and the perforation gun 15 in the perforation implementing pipe column of the bottommost layer, and shooting the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft; after the perforation is finished, carrying out the operation of opening and closing the well for many times according to the operation of the test valve 4, and carrying out the test; after the test is finished, pumping high-pressure gas from the oil sleeve annulus, wherein the high-pressure gas enters the integrated multifunctional pipe column through the gas lift working barrel 2, is fully mixed with a formation fluid sample in the pipe column, reduces the density of the formation fluid sample, and enables the high-pressure gas to drive the fluid sample to be rapidly discharged to a well mouth to finish the sampling operation; after the fluid liquid sample in the reservoir to be exploited is taken out, the pumping of high-pressure gas into the oil sleeve annulus is stopped, and after the pressure of the oil sleeve annulus is relieved, the test valve 4 is closed; and acquiring the change of the formation pressure through the pressure gauge support cylinder 5, and completing the sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer. In the process, the formation fluid liquid sample in the bottommost reservoir to be produced enters the hole opener 9 through the screen pipe 10 in the lower-layer perforating implementation pipe column, passes through the communication valve 8 to enter the upper part of the lower-layer packer 19, and then flows into the oil pipe 1 to the well head through the screen pipe 10 and the hole opener 9 in the upper-layer perforating implementation pipe column.
After the perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoir to be mined at the bottommost layer are finished, pressing the oil sleeve annulus to close the hole opener 9 in the perforation implementation tubular column at the bottommost layer; and (3) continuously pressing, presetting rupture discs 1321 in the communicating vessel 13 between the blasting layers, and completing perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoirs to be mined one by one according to the steps of perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoirs to be mined at the bottommost layer.
As described above, the construction method of the invention can open and close the test valve 4 for many times in the construction process of each reservoir to be exploited according to the number of the reservoirs to be exploited in the shaft and the actual operation requirements of the site, and can obtain more accurate formation pressure data. The invention can complete the perforation, sampling and testing of a plurality of reservoir stratum to be exploited by only putting the pipe column once, thereby greatly reducing the operation cost.
The gas lift mandrel 2 comprises a mandrel upper connector 21, a hydraulic valve 22, a center sleeve 23, a gas lift valve 24, an outer sleeve 25 and a mandrel lower connector 26. The central sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 25 are connected between the working barrel upper joint 21 and the working barrel lower joint 26 to form an annular space, the hydraulic valve 22 and the gas lift valve 24 are installed in the annular space formed by the outer sleeve 25 and the central sleeve 23, the upper part of the central sleeve 23 is provided with a working barrel liquid outlet hole 27, and the working barrel liquid outlet hole 27, a working barrel liquid inlet hole 28 and a flow channel in the hydraulic valve 22 form a liquid inlet channel. The gas pressure from the oil sleeve annulus enters the annular space formed by the outer sleeve 25 and the central sleeve 23 through the working barrel liquid inlet hole 28, and pushes away the hydraulic valve 22 for plugging the working barrel liquid outlet hole 27, so that the liquid inlet channel is communicated. The upper end of the upper mandrel joint 21 and the lower end of the lower mandrel joint 26 can be connected to the oil pipe 1, respectively.
The embodiments described above are merely exemplary embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without departing from the spirit and teaching of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and inventive concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of protection is therefore not limited to the description above.
Claims (12)
1. A perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column comprises a gas lift working barrel (2), a positioning short joint (3), a test valve (4), a pressure gauge supporting barrel (5), a safety joint (6), a hole opener (9), a sieve pipe (10), a shock absorber (11), an exploder (14) and a perforation gun (15), wherein the hole opener (9) is connected in the sieve pipe (10), the gas lift working barrel (2), the positioning short joint (3), the test valve (4), the pressure gauge supporting barrel (5) and the safety joint (6) are sequentially connected through an oil pipe (1), and the perforation integrated multifunctional pipe column is characterized in that at least two layers of perforation implementation pipe columns are arranged in the integrated multifunctional pipe column, after a well is put down, each layer of perforation implementation pipe column corresponds to a reservoir to be mined, the perforation implementation pipe column on the top layer of the pipe column is sealed by an oil sleeve annulus through an upper packer (8), a bypass valve (7) is arranged in the upper packer (8), and a pressure transmission pipe (20) is arranged in the bypass valve (7); each layer of perforation implementation pipe column positioned below the top layer perforation implementation pipe column is sealed by a lower layer packer (19) to separate an oil sleeve annulus, a communication valve (18) is arranged in the lower layer packer (19), and a pressure transmission pipe (20) is arranged in the communication valve (18); the middle layers of perforating implementation pipe columns are sequentially connected with a sieve pipe (10) provided with a hole opener (9), a shock absorber (11), a control pipeline upper bypass joint (12), an interlayer preset communicating device (13), an exploder (14), a perforating gun (15) and a control pipeline lower bypass joint (17), and the control pipeline upper bypass joint (12) is communicated with the control pipeline lower bypass joint (17) through a control pipeline (16); the perforation implementation pipe column positioned at the bottommost layer can be provided with no control pipeline upper bypass joint (12), no control pipeline lower bypass joint (17), no control pipeline (16) and no interlayer preset communicating vessel (13); the lower ends of a bypass valve (7) and a pressure transmission pipe (20) connected with a communication valve (18) are arranged above the shock absorber (11); a layer changing track is arranged on a sliding sleeve (94) in a perforator (9) of each layer of perforation implementation tubular column, a rupture disc (132) in a preset communicating device (13) between layers can be broken according to preset layer changing pressure, and the pressure of a pressure transfer pipe (20) in the top layer of perforation implementation tubular column can enter the perforation implementation tubular column of each layer below through a control pipeline (16) and a communicating valve (18); the layer changing track is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (94), is an axial N-shaped long and short combined track, and is provided with a sliding sleeve liquid flow hole and a perforated sleeve liquid flow hole respectively in the sliding sleeve (94) and the perforated sleeve (97); a connecting pin (96) is inserted into the layer changing track, the other end of the connecting pin (96) is installed in the rotating ring (95), and the connecting pin (96) is positioned in a short track of the layer changing track when the hole digger (9) goes into the well; the hole digger (9) is also provided with a hole digger upper joint (91), a spring (93), a shearing pin (98) and a hole digger lower joint (99), the hole digger upper joint (91), the spring cylinder (92) and the hole digger sleeve (97) are sequentially connected with the hole digger lower joint (99), and the spring (93) and the sliding sleeve (94) are sequentially arranged in the spring cylinder (92) and the hole digger sleeve (97); the sliding sleeve (94) is connected with the rotating ring (95) through a connecting pin (96) and connected with the perforated sleeve (97) through a shearing pin (98); when pressure acts on the lower end face of the sliding sleeve (94), the shearing pin (98) is sheared, and the sliding sleeve (94) can move upwards to the reversing position of the layer changing track; after pressure relief, the sliding sleeve (94) is pushed into a long track of the layer changing track by a spring (93), and the hole-opening sleeve liquid flow hole of the hole-opening sleeve (97) is communicated with the sliding sleeve liquid flow hole.
2. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rotating ring (95) is provided with radial pin holes in which the connecting pins (96) are installed, the wall thickness of the rotating ring (95) is equal to the thickness of the groove formed after the spring cylinder (92) and the perforated sleeve (97) are connected, and the rotating ring (95) is clamped in the groove formed after the spring cylinder (92) and the perforated sleeve (97) are connected by the spring cylinder (92) and the perforated sleeve (97).
3. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multi-functional string as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer wall and the lower inner wall of the sliding sleeve (94) are provided with sealing elements capable of sealing the sliding sleeve fluid flow hole, the perforated sleeve fluid flow hole and the pressure transfer pipe (20).
4. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interlayer preset communicating vessel (13) is further provided with an upper communicating vessel joint (131) and a lower communicating vessel joint (133), the rupture disc (132) is installed in the stepped inner cavity at the lower part of the upper communicating vessel joint (131) and is in threaded connection with the lower part of the stepped inner cavity, and the upper communicating vessel joint (131) is in threaded connection with the lower communicating vessel joint (133); the inner cavity of the upper connector (131) of the communicating vessel is provided with internal threads, and the outer wall of the lower part of the lower connector (133) of the communicating vessel is provided with external threads which can be connected with an oil pipe (1) or an oil pipe coupling.
5. The perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional string as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the rupture disc (132) is provided with an upper disc body, a rupture disc (1321) and a lower disc body, the rupture disc (1321) is compressed between the upper disc body and the lower disc body, and the lower disc body is in threaded connection with the lower part of the stepped inner cavity of the upper connector (131) of the communicating device.
6. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the rupture disc (1321) is made of chrome-nickel alloy material, the thickness of the rupture disc (1321) is set between 0.5mm and 0.8mm, and the rupture pressure is equal to or greater than the layer-changing pressure.
7. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional string as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bypass valve (7) comprises a bypass valve body (71) and a plug screw (72), the bypass valve body (71) is provided with a flow passage (711) and a bypass passage (712), the plug screw (72) is connected to the outer end of the bypass passage (712), the pressure transfer pipe (20) is connected to the lower part of the bypass passage (712), and the plug screw (72) is provided with a filter screen.
8. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the bypass passage (712) is provided with an axial hole and a radial hole, the axial hole is not communicated with the upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body (71), the lower aperture is enlarged and is connected with the pressure transfer pipe (20) by screw thread, and the upper end of the axial hole is communicated with the radial hole; the overflowing channel (711) is an annular channel surrounding the periphery of the bypass channel (712), the upper end port of the overflowing channel (711) is communicated with the upper inner cavity of the bypass valve body (71), and the lower end port of the overflowing channel (711) is communicated with the lower end of the bypass valve body (71).
9. A perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional string as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the communicating valve (18) has a lateral flow passage (181) and an axial passage (182) in the body, the axial passage (182) is arranged at the periphery of the central hole of the communicating valve (18), the upper end of the axial passage (182) is communicated with the lateral flow passage (181) and is led to the outside of the side wall of the communicating valve (18) from the lateral flow passage (181); at least three axial passages (182) and at least three side flow passages (181) are provided, and the central hole of the communicating valve (18) can pass through the pressure transmitting pipe (20).
10. The construction method for the perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column in claim 1 comprises the following steps: A. when oil testing operation is required, the integrated multifunctional pipe column is put into a pretreated shaft, at the moment, a test valve (4) and an air lift working barrel (2) in the pipe column are both in a closed state, a positioning instrument put into a positioning short circuit (3) is utilized to position each layer of perforation execution pipe column in the pipe column at a position of a reservoir layer to be mined in the shaft, the pipe column is rotated to seat a lower layer packer (19) and pressurize a seat to seal an upper layer packer (8), the pipe column is fixed in the shaft, and an oil pipe (1) at the upper end of the pipe column is connected with a well head; B. opening the test valve (4) to enable the integrated multifunctional pipe column to be communicated up and down; C. the pressure in the oil sleeve annulus above an upper packer (8) is transmitted to an upper control pipeline bypass joint (12) and transmitted to a lower control pipeline bypass joint (17) by a bypass valve (7) through a control pipeline (16) and finally transmitted to the lower part of a lower packer (19) through a pressure transmission pipe (20), and the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir to be exploited are completed from bottom to top from the bottom of a shaft; D. after the perforation, sampling and testing of each reservoir to be exploited are finished, the integrated multifunctional pipe column is started to obtain pressure recording data in the pressure gauge support cylinder (5).
11. The construction method of the perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that in the process of completing the perforating, sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft, the tappers (9) in the perforating implementation tubular columns of each layer are started first, then the initiators (14) and the perforating guns (15) in the perforating implementation tubular columns of the bottommost layer are started to shoot out the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer of the shaft; after the perforation is finished, carrying out a plurality of times of well opening and closing operations according to the operation of the test valve (4) to implement the test; after the test is finished, pumping high-pressure gas from the oil sleeve annulus, wherein the high-pressure gas enters the integrated multifunctional pipe column through the gas lift working barrel (2), is fully mixed with a formation fluid sample in the pipe column, reduces the density of the formation fluid sample, and drives the fluid sample to be quickly discharged to a well mouth by the high-pressure gas to finish the sampling operation; after the fluid sample in the reservoir to be exploited is taken out, the pumping of high-pressure gas into the oil sleeve annulus is stopped, and after the oil sleeve annulus is decompressed, the test valve (4) is closed; and acquiring the change of the formation pressure through a pressure gauge support cylinder (5) to complete the sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be exploited at the bottommost layer.
12. The construction method of the perforating, testing and flowback integrated multifunctional tubular column as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that after the perforating, sampling and testing work of the reservoir to be produced at the bottommost layer is completed, a perforator (9) in the perforating implementation tubular column at the bottommost layer is pressed and closed to the oil casing annulus; and continuously pressing, presetting rupture discs (1321) in the communicating vessel (13) between the blasting layers, and completing perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoirs to be mined one by one according to the steps of perforation, sampling and testing of the reservoirs to be mined at the bottommost layer.
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| CN202010271327.8A CN113550722B (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and construction method thereof |
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