RU2763457C1 - Hydro wind power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power mechanisms, namely wind and water engines. The hydro-wind power plant, HWPP, is designed to convert the energy of the water flow of the HPP or the wind of the WPP and contains a base, a bushing rigidly sitting on it, in which a rack is rigidly installed for the HPP freely for the WPP. A housing is mounted on the rack on bearings, on which the sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. A disk with the main and additional cams mounted on it, located inside the case, is rigidly mounted on the rack. The rollers, together with the levers, are fixed on a rotary sleeve having grooves, with the possibility of rolling along the protrusions and depressions of the main cam, overcoming the efforts of the blade rotation lock by 90 degrees and vice versa, installing the blades perpendicular to the flow during the working phase and along the flow during the idle phase.

EFFECT: expansion of the possibility of using the installation, increasing the efficiency and ease of using the installation.

9 cl, 18 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of power mechanisms, namely wind and water engines, and can be used to drive a fan when ventilating rooms, a pump when pumping liquids, a ship's propeller, but this invention has the main value, and in the field of electric power when working with an electric generator as a load device connected by the leading element of the installation, for example, an asterisk.

The HVUS hydro-wind power plant can be used both for converting wind energy and for converting the water energy of rivers, seas, outgoing waters after turbines and instead of hydroelectric turbines, where there is only water movement.

A hydro-wind power plant, in principle the same plant, can be used as an APU wind power plant for converting wind energy and as a hydropower HPP for converting water energy, depending on where it is installed in water or on the surface.

Existing installations for converting wind or water energy are structurally complex and inefficient.

The prototype of this solution is the patent of the Russian Federation 2611139 C2 25.02.15. The disadvantage of this invention is that the axes of the blades are located on the rotor, rigidly located on the shaft, this limits the possibility of using installations, as well as the location of the cam on the housing and the contact of the cam with rollers with levers, located outside contributes to an increase in resistance during operation.

The main difference between the proposed invention and the prototype is that the axes of the blades are located in the holes of the body and the location of the cams on the rack and the location of the lever with the roller, allowing the blades to turn 90 ° and back, between the body and the rack, which contributes to compactness and expands the possibilities of application, and namely, it becomes possible to install them on power transmission line poles, on separately standing slender growing trees, on the chimney pipes of a thermal power plant.

The installation is made with the possibility of transportation by air, for which a cable is passed inside the rack, this is especially true in emergency cases. The blades can be made of a flexible material, for example, fabric, in this case the design is simplified and, with a weak stretch, the windage increases, resulting in increased efficiency.

During the search, patents were analyzed:

RU 2462612 C1 27.09.2011

RU 2466293 C1 10.11.2012

RU 2487265 C1 10.07.2013

RU 2498107 С110.11.2013

RU 2502892 C1 12/27/2013

RU 2561051 C1 20.05.2014

RU 2539250 C2 20.01.2015

RU 2587731 C2 06/26/2014

RU 2611139C2 25.02.2015

RU 2689650 C1 17.04.2018

The invention is aimed at creating a powerful and easy-to-use installation.

Description of the invention

The hydrowind power plant contains a base, a sleeve rigidly sitting on it, in which a rack is installed rigidly for the HSU and freely for the APU, on which a housing sits on bearings with holes located perpendicular to the axis of rotation of its equal number of blades in the housing holes, rotary bushings sit, for quick assembly and disassembly with the ability to rotate around its axis, have grooves that include stops that limit rotation by more than 90 ° and exclude longitudinal movements, the axis of the blades sit rigidly in the rotary bushings, levers with rollers and springs with springs are rigidly installed on the rotary bushings, not indicated in the drawing, for example torsion. A disk with cams sits on the rack rigidly, with the possibility of regulation, for the HSU and APU, but rigidly connected to the weather vane, the roller rolling along the main cam, running into the protrusions and depressions along with the lever, overcoming the resistance of the spring (not indicated in the drawing) and the latch, rotates the blades by 90 ° and back, namely, they are installed perpendicular to the flow of water and wind, working in part of the trajectory like a sail, creating maximum torque during the working phase, and not working, being installed along the flow and wind, create minimal resistance. The torque generated by the blades is transmitted through the body of the rack-mounted, for example, sprocket, which is rigidly seated at the other end of the body, the chain drive and the driven sprocket, drives the load device, for example, a generator to generate electrical energy.

The hydrowind power plant is designed to work on horizontal and vertical planes with the location of the blades and cams at both ends (see Fig. 9) and the ability to rotate the stator and armature in different directions, increasing the effect of using the flow and only the stator can rotate.

The hydrowind power plant is made with the possibility of placing on one rack one above the other 2 or more HPUs in the water and 2 or more APUs on the surface, operating on a vertical plane, and 2 or more HPUs and APUs operating on a horizontal plane, creating high power in one place .

The hydrowind power plant can be installed permanently, i.e. one installation of GSU or APU, 2 or more pcs. on one platform of HSU or APU, 2 or more coupled HSUs in the water at the top of the APU on one platform - combinations may be different.

The installation is designed to be used instead of HPP turbines, because allows you to make better use of the water column, namely, to position the power take-off shaft closer to the lower water level, because in the transition zone from working to non-working and reverse resistance, minimum instead of turbines, HPUs can be used, both operating on a vertical plane and on a horizontal one.

The hydrowind power plant, the load device can be located outside the installation, and on the side, for example, the HSU is in the water or under water, under the ice, and the load device is on the shore, and the movement is transmitted, for example, by a flexible shaft.

Hydrowind power plants can be installed both stationary and on moving vehicles that move at low speed, for example, on excavators when loading ore or digging trenches, agricultural machines, on water vehicles: barges, rafts, platforms during mining minerals, ships, ships to drive a propeller or to generate electricity, drive a pump, aircraft, such as airships, balloons. APU can be installed on buildings and structures and on houses, where there is a possibility in terms of strength characteristics and roof structure.

Hydrowind power plants can be collapsible and portable for tourists, geologists, fishermen, since the installation, with its small dimensions, creates large capacities.

Can be installed at polar stations.

The HSU is designed to be used on small rivers with shallow depth and will be widely used.

For high-power installations, a rim-cam with a cross-section is provided, for example, U-shaped, rigidly connected to the main cam, working synchronously with it for stability of the blades and turning them from both ends, the main one at the attachment point and at the periphery, for which an axis is rigidly fixed at the end of the blade , a carriage with rollers is located on it, a spring, for example, torsion, an emphasis that allows the axis to turn 90 and back, a lever with a roller sits rigidly on the axis, the lower shelf is partially removed at the cam rim, and in the transitional place, for example, from the working phase on the non-working, part of the shelf is bent and reinforced with a scarf, creating a cam, where the roller runs with a lever rigidly sitting on the axis, turns the blade, taking into account the direction of the wind, because the main cam and the rim-cam are rigidly connected by a weather vane - they sit on the rack.

The location of the disk with cams, the main one for turning the blades by 90 and an additional one for returning back, and the angles of elevation in the initial part are minimal to facilitate the release of the rotary sleeve together with the blade, increases the compactness of the design, since the cams levers with rollers are hidden inside the body, and also expands the structural the possibility of application, for example, on a plant with a vertical arrangement of blades, the number of blade groups is doubled compared to the prototype. The installation is made with the possibility of turning the blades by 90 ° and back of the second group using levers and rods installed on the first, as well as with the possibility of rotating the armature in the opposite direction of the stator from the wheel of the stator rigidly seated on the stator housing, satellites freely seated on the disk rigidly seated on the main axis and wheels rigidly connected with an anchor sitting on bearings on the main axle.

The installation is made with the possibility of transportation by air, this is especially important in case of unforeseen situations, and the installation also contains ties mounted on traverses, sitting on a bushing, sitting on bearings on a rack, this is especially true when placing installations on the roofs of houses, buildings and structures. To fix the rack in a certain place, a stopper is provided, and a brake-lock is provided for braking and fixing the sprocket (installation), (see Fig. 12).

The APU wind power plant is designed to be installed on the trunk of a free-standing, slender, growing tree, where the outer and inner pipes (body, stand) are made of at least two sections with refinement in place, the body and stand below rest on rollers located on the platform , at the top, the body and the rack rest on rollers, this design allows a growing tree to grow, and the connection between the tree and the metal structure of the installation is made by a flexible element, for example, foamed (see Fig. 13).

The APU wind power plant is designed to be installed on power line poles of power transmission lines, on wind turbine poles, outside the range of blades, on CHP chimneys, fastened with clamps, with support from below and without, where the rack and housing are made of at least two parts with revision in place, (see Fig. 15).

The units are made with the possibility of installation on piles driven on the water, where there is water movement, and protruding above the water, at the bottom there is a hydraulic power unit of the GSU, in this case the stand is made of a pipe and is directly attached to the base, and the APU wind power unit is installed at the top. The unit can be equipped with a water purification plant according to patent No. 2668924 application No. 2017101173 dated 01/13/2017 with clean water supplied to a high-lying reservoir (reservoir) of the HPP and used for drinking and household needs.

Wind power plants of the APU can be equipped with casings, guides, and for the GSU, the floats can be in the form of a guide to direct the flow to the blades (not shown in the drawing).

Wind turbines can be installed on air tanks from above ..., for example, cubic, filled with light gas and on the central tie of the holding tank, and the tank can be made from individual cells like a honeycomb of bees.

The blades can be perforated to improve efficiency. The number of perforations and size is determined by experience.

The installation is made collapsible.

The hydrowind power plant can be made in a toy version.

Description of the design of the hydrowind power plant

On the base 1, a bushing 2 is rigidly fixed, in which a rack 3 is installed rigidly for the HSU and freely for the APU, on which the housing 4 is mounted on bearings, on which the bushing 5 is welded, in which the blade with the axis 7 sits and is fixed with a screw 8, the rotary bushing has a groove, where the limiter 9 enters with a bearing sleeve 10 freely sitting on it, a latch 11 is installed on the sleeve 5, for which there are notches at the fixing points at the rotary sleeve, with the help of a screw 12 and a clamp 13 to the rotary sleeve 6, a lever 14 is attached, on which the axis 15 sits rigidly, on which the main roller 16 and additional 17 sit on bearings, which, rolling along the main cam 18, additional 19 and getting on the ledge and depressions, use the lever 14 to turn the intermediate sleeve 6 and with it the blade 90 ° and back due to the groove on the swivel sleeve.

The main cam is mounted rigidly, with the possibility of regulation, on the disk 20 rigidly seated on the rack 3. An asterisk 21 is rigidly mounted on the body and through chain drives and sprockets 22, 23, 24, the torque created by the blades 7 is transmitted to the load element, for example, the generator 25 for a casing 26 is provided for protection of moving parts and a beacon 27 is provided for warning. Buoyancy is provided by a float 28. The wind power plant is mounted on a mast 29. A stator 30 is rigidly installed in the housing 4, and a weather vane 32 is rigidly mounted on the rack 3 and on it a weather vane 32 is rigidly connected with spokes 33 with a rim-fist 34 for high powers, where using a lever 35 with a roller 36 rigidly seated on the axis 37, rigidly fixed on the periphery of the blade 7, a carriage 38 with a roller 39, a spring 40, a stop 41 is installed on the axis, allowing the axis 37 to rotate 90° and back.

Axis 3 is installed in the sleeve 2 with the ability to rotate.

Wind power plant operating on a vertical plane.

The central axis 42 is rigidly fixed on the rod 43, installed in the sleeve 44, rigidly fixed on the mast 29 with the clamp 45, on which the weather vane 32 is rigidly fixed with the help of the connecting pipe 46.

The end wall 47 of the housing 48 is mounted on bearings on the axis 42.

Sleeve 49 is installed on wall 47, in which blade 7 is installed, stator 30 is mounted on cylinder 50, and anchor 31 is mounted on cylinder 51 for ease of assembly. On the right side, a variant with a movable anchor rotating in the opposite direction to the stator is made; for this, a wheel 52 is fixed in the housing, a disk 53 is rigidly fixed on the axis 42, on which a satellite wheel 54 is installed, which rotates the wheel 55, which is rigidly seated on the sleeve 56, rigidly connected by an anchor 31. The sleeve 56 sits, for example, on needle bearings 57. On the intermediate sleeve 6, a thrust 58 is installed using a lever 59, fixed with a screw 60, turns the second blade 90 ° and back. The moving parts are protected by casings 61 and 62 on the rack 3 with a pin 63, and with the help of a clamp 45, the axle 42 is rigidly fixed, on which the housing 64 is mounted on bearings, on which the bevel wheel 65 is rigidly seated in tandem with the bevel wheel 66, which is rigidly seated on the housing 4. The bevel wheel 66 is driven by two conical wheels 65 rotating in opposite directions. Bearing bushing 67 sits on rack 3, and bushing 68 sits on housing 4, ensuring the alignment of rack 3 and housing 4, the moving parts are closed by casing 69.

On the axle 42, the housing 70 with its blade group is mounted on bearings. Rotating on different sides and sprockets 21, rigidly sitting on the body through chain drives, each rotate its own generator 25, mounted on different sides of the bushing 44, rotating in different directions for a symmetrical wind load.

In the embodiment of the installations with the possibility of accommodating two or more blade groups, bearing rings 72 and 73 are rigidly mounted on the sleeve 71, sitting on the base 1, working in tandem with the sleeves 74 and 75, as bearings rigidly seated on the rack 3, on which the a sleeve with a shoulder 76 sits, resting on a bearing disk 77, located on a sleeve with a shoulder 78, from the longitudinal movement of the column 3 is fixed by the sleeve 79 rigidly sitting on it, in the upper part of the column 3, the sleeve 80 sits rigidly, on which the sleeve 81 sits on the bearings , on which the disk 82 is rigidly mounted, on which the upper section of the housing 4 is rigidly mounted, a pad 83 is welded on it to reinforce the sleeve 5, the lower section of the housing 4 is rigidly fixed to the flywheel with an asterisk 21, which sits rigidly on the sleeve 84, which sits on bearings, on bushing 71.

Washer 85 and nut 86 are provided to exclude longitudinal movement of the flywheel with an asterisk.

For transportation of the installation through the air inside the rack, a cable 87 is passed, mounted on an axis 88, sitting on a sleeve 89, sitting freely with a gap in the glass 90, a stopper 91 is provided to lock the rack 3 at a certain position, a brake-lock 92 is provided for braking and fixing the sprocket .

To ensure the stability of the installation, couplers 93 are provided, connected by traverses 94, sitting on bearings, on the rack 3.

A wind power plant mounted on a free-standing, growing tree.

On the tree 95 with the help of flexible elements 96 and 97, for example, they are foamed, rings 98 and 99 are attached, a platform 100 is attached to the lower ring 98, consisting of at least two parts and is rigidly fixed, and supports 101 are supported, a flooring 102 is laid on the platform, on on which the inner rollers 103 are installed, on which the shell is supported from the corner 104 rigidly installed on the lower section of the inner pipe 105, each section consists of at least two halves, cams 18 are installed on the next sections of the inner pipe, on technological pins 106, on the last section of the inner pipe rigidly disc 107 is fixed, on which cylinder 108 is rigidly fixed, on which disc 109 is rigidly fixed, on which cylinder 110 is rigidly fixed, on which rollers 111 are rigidly mounted, which roll along ring 99, casing 112 and weather vane 32 are rigidly fixed to cylinder 110.

On the lower section of the outer pipe 113, a shell from the corner 114 is rigidly fixed, which rests on the rollers 115, which are rigidly seated on the deck 102; the transmission is rotated by the generator 25, the blades 7 are installed on the intermediate sections, the disk 118 is rigidly fixed on the last section of the outer pipe 113, on which the cylinder 119 is rigidly mounted, on which the roller 120 is rigidly fixed, which rolls along the lining 121 rigidly seated on the cylinder 108 for reinforcement and more accurate centering, the casing 122 is rigidly fixed on the cylinder 119, the limiter 123 is rigidly fixed on the flooring 102.

Positions 99, 104, 114, 117, 121 must be carefully sealed after installation.

The option of installing the APU on the pole of the power line of the power transmission line on the existing pole 124, the lower insulator 125 and the conductor 126 are installed.

Clamps 127 are fixed to column 124 cylinder 128 on which platform 100 is installed, on which casings 129 and 130 are fixed, on the upper part with clamps and 131 cylinder 132 is fixed to the column along which roller 111 rolls mounted on cylinder 110, on which casing 133 is fixed for reliability platform 100 is supported by prop 134. APU can be installed on houses, buildings and structures. For stability, the installation is pulled together with a coupler 93 through a traverse 94 sitting on bearings on a rack.

With the option of using a HSU instead of HPP turbines, an installation of two groups of blades is shown. The axis 42 is mounted on the support 135 and pressed by the clamp 136. The rotation of the second blade from the first is carried out through the rod 58.

Explanation of the drawings of the hydro-wind power plant

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

On FIG. 1 shows a general view of the HSU hydraulic power plant with a partial cutout of the casing and body for clarity, and where the river level is indicated by the letter S, the bottom level by the letter R.

On FIG. 2 is also a section A-A of the arrangement of levers with rollers in different positions.

On FIG. 3 is also node I, indicating the fixation of the cam axis on the rotary sleeve, the rotary sleeve in the housing sleeve, the rotary sleeve retainer, the attachment of the lever to the rotary sleeve, the fastening of the rollers on the lever and the location of the rollers relative to the cam.

On FIG. 4 is also a section B-B, indicating the slot of the swivel sleeve for the ability to turn 90 ° and back, and indicating the position of the latch.

On FIG. 5 is also a section G-D with a hexagonal section of the lever clamp and the rotary sleeve.

On FIG. 6 shows a general view of a hydropower HSU and a wind power APU of installations operating on a horizontal plane, located on the same base, located one above the other with a partial cutout of the body for clarity.

On FIG. 7 is also view D with a partial cutout of the rim-cam and spokes for clarity.

On FIG. 8 is also a section E-E with a review of the cam rim in the transition phase.

On FIG. 9 shows a vertical section of the general view of the APU wind power plant operating on a vertical plane, where on the left half of the installation the armature is stationary relative to the stator, and on the right half the armature is made rotating relative to the stator, and the rotation is received through the gear with internal teeth located in the housing through satellites and the wheel is rigidly connected with an anchor, as well as the second blade receives a turn of 90 ° and back through the thrust from the first.

On FIG. 10 view G showing the thrust work.

On FIG. 11 shows a vertical section of a general view of a hydropower HSU and a wind power APU of installations operating on a vertical plane, located on the same base one above the other, where the water level is indicated by the letter S.

On FIG. 12 shows a vertical section of the wind power plant of the APU, indicating the fastening of the cable for possible air transfer and indicating the location of the traverse and ties to ensure stability during operation, especially at high wind speeds.

On FIG. 13 shows a general view of the APU wind power plant with a partial cut of the outer casing and the inner pipe-rack located on a growing tree, where the outer and inner pipes consist of separate sections, the upper crown is left on the tree.

On FIG. 14 is also node II, indicating the connection of sections.

On FIG. 15 shows a general view with a partial section of the APU wind power plant installed on a power transmission line pole, where the base and upper cylinder are fastened with clamps and dowels, and can be supported by props from below.

On FIG. 16 shows the APU wind power plant on the roof of the house, indicating the traverse and ties for stability.

On FIG. 17 shows a variant of using HSU instead of HPP turbines, a cross-section and a variant of using HSU at the site of outgoing waters after HPP turbines.

On FIG. 18 is also an I-I section, a variant of paired installations on a common axis with a drive for turning the second group through a rod.

Claims (9)

1. An installation designed to convert the energy of a water or wind flow, containing a base, a sleeve rigidly sitting on it, in which a rack is installed rigidly for the HSU and freely for the APU, blades installed with the possibility of changing their position with respect to the flow, a load device, chain transmission of rotation to the load device from the blades, characterized in that the blades are installed in rotary bushings perpendicular to the openings of the housing, sitting on bearings on a rack on which the disk is rigidly mounted with the main and additional cams installed on it, located inside the housing, rollers together with levers fixed on a rotary sleeve having grooves, with the possibility of rolling along the protrusions and cavities of the main cam, overcoming the efforts of the lock for turning the blades by 90 degrees and back, setting the blades perpendicular to the flow during the working phase and along the flow - during the non-working phase. 2. Installation according to claim. 1, characterized in that when converting the flow of wind energy, the installation is equipped with a weather vane, rigidly, with the possibility of regulation, mounted on a rack. 3. Installation according to claim. 2, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of turning the blades from both ends and is equipped with an additional axis on which a carriage with rollers, a spring, an emphasis and a cam rim with a U-shaped section is installed, while the rim cam is rigidly connected to the main cam, since both of them are mounted on a rack and are rigidly connected to the weather vane, and an additional axle is rigidly fixed at the end of the blade and a carriage with rollers, a spring, an emphasis is installed on it with the ability to rotate 90 degrees and back, and of the rim-cam, the lower shelf is partially removed, and at the place of transition from the working to the non-working phase, part of the lower shelf is bent and reinforced with a scarf, and the roller with the lever, running onto the main cam, is installed with the ability to rotate 90 degrees and back. 4. Installation according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of transportation by air, for which a cable is installed inside the rack. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the blades by 90 degrees and back of the second group is made using levers and rods installed on the first. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of rotating the armature in the opposite direction of the stator from the wheel rigidly seated on the stator housing, satellites and the wheel rigidly connected to the anchor seated on bearings on the axle. 7. Installation according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of installation on the trunk of a free-standing, slender growing tree, where the rack and body are made of at least two sections with finalization on site. 8. Installation according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of installation on the poles of power transmission lines, on the supports of wind turbines, on the chimneys of a thermal power plant with fastening with clamps, with and without support from below, where the rack and housing are made of at least two parts with finalization on the spot. 9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is collapsible.

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