RU2762867C1 - Material for inclusion in the smoking article - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: smoking products.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a method for reducing the content of one or several tobacco-specific nitrosamines formed by a smoking article during use, to an application of sugars for such a method, to a leaf material suitable for smoking, to a method for producing such material, and to a smoking article containing such leaf material. The method for reducing the content of one or several tobacco-specific nitrosamines formed by a smoking article during use includes application of one or several sugars including one or several representatives selected from: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose and inverted sugar, on a material suitable for smoking, intended for inclusion in a smoking article.

EFFECT: reduction in the content of one or several tobacco-specific nitrosamines formed by the smoking article.

18 cl, 11 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the inclusion of one or more sugars in a smoking article.

State of the art

Sugars are used in combustible products to enhance the taste. Sugars are usually applied in the form of a sugar-containing sauce solution.

The prior art document WO 2015/004483 A1, 15.01.2015, which discloses a smokable material for inclusion in a smoking article, said smoking article containing particles or fragments containing gum arabic, which are intended to reduce levels of tobacco content. specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in mainstream smoke from a smoking article. This document does not mention any sugars and does not disclose that they can be used to reduce TSNA levels in mainstream smoke.

Disclosure of invention

In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for reducing the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) generated by a smoking article during use, comprising applying one or more sugars to a smokable material to be incorporated into the smoking article.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of one or more sugars to reduce the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in mainstream smoke generated during use of a smoking article, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material, intended for inclusion in a smoking article.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars include one or more representatives selected from: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, inverted sugar and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars are applied in the form of a solution or in the form of particles.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, the smokable material contains tobacco.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.

In some embodiments of the first or second aspect of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in an amount of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%. about 9% or about 10% (w / w).

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, the level of one or more TSNA compounds is reduced by at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, by at least about 35%, at least about 40%, or at least about 45% as compared to the control smoking article.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a smokable material for inclusion in a smoking article, said material comprising tobacco and one or more unbound sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, one or more unbound sugars are coated on the tobacco.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, one or more unbound sugars are coated on the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, the smokable material comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, or about 10% of one or more unbound sugars (w / w).

In accordance with a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention.

In a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a smokable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article, the sheet material comprising a filler and one or more unbound sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose , idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

In some embodiments of the fifth aspect of the invention, the filler comprises one or more members selected from a binder, a diluent, and a filler.

In accordance with a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for producing a sheet of smokable material according to the fifth aspect of the invention, comprising preparing, casting and drying a solution or suspension containing a filler and one or more unbound sugars.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNA compounds in the smoke generated during use of a smoking article that includes a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention or a smokable sheet according to the fifth aspect of the invention is reduced compared to what is the case for the control smoking article.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention or a smokable sheet according to the fifth aspect of the invention. In some embodiments, smoking articles according to the seventh aspect have a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in mainstream smoke generated during use of the article.

Brief Description of Drawings

Now, by way of example only, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, including:

fig. 1 is an illustration of a smoking article in accordance with the fourth aspect of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a graph showing the reduction in the amount of certain analytes achieved during use of a smoking article containing Blend A tobacco to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose or D-galactose was applied, compared to what is the case for a smoking article containing a comparable amount of control tobacco mixture A;

fig. 3 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a graph showing the reduction in the amount of certain analyte components achieved during use of a smoking article containing Blend A tobacco to which a 5% or 10% invert sugar solution was applied; or a 10% solution of L-arabinose, as compared to that for a smoking article containing a comparable amount of the control tobacco of Blend A;

fig. 5 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a graph showing the reduction in the amount of certain analytes achieved during use of a smoking article containing Blend B tobacco to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied, compared to that of a smoking article containing a comparable the amount of blend B control tobacco;

fig. 7 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a graph showing the decrease in the amount of certain analytes achieved during use of a smoking article containing Blend C tobacco to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied, compared with that of a smoking article containing a comparable the amount of blend C control tobacco;

fig. 9 shows the tabulated data for FIG. eight;

fig. 10 is a graph showing the decrease in the amount of certain analytes achieved during use of a smoking article containing Blend D tobacco to which a 10% L-arabinose solution has been applied, compared to that of a smoking article containing a comparable the amount of blend D control tobacco;

fig. 11 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 10.

Implementation of the invention

Smoke emitted from a smoking article that contains tobacco is a complex dynamic mixture of more than 5,000 identified constituents. The constituent parts are present in the mainstream smoke (DS) that exits the cigarette mouthpiece, and are also released between puffs as constituents of the sidestream smoke (DS).

The aim of the study may be to reduce the levels of at least some of the constituents of the mainstream smoke, such as one or more members selected from aromatic amines; phenols; carbonyls; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; acrylonitrile; volatile hydrocarbons such as toluene, isoprene, styrene and benzene; nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine; tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) such as N'-nitrosoanabazine (NAB), N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), 4- (methylnitrosamino) -1- (3-pyridyl) -1-butanone (NNK) and N'- nitrosonornicotine (NNN); and inorganic compounds such as ammonia, hydrocyanic acid, nitric oxide (II) and carbon monoxide.

Methods for selectively reducing the number of constituents of mainstream smoke and / or sidestream smoke may include reducing levels of certain compounds from the starting material using, for example, biotechnological methods; mixing different types of tobacco or processing the tobacco prior to its inclusion in a smoking article; reducing the amount of tobacco in a smoking article as a result of the inclusion of diluents or fillers; ventilation of the smoking article, where ambient air is drawn into the smoking article to dilute the OD; and the use of a filter that improves the removal of OA constituents. In addition, attempts have been made to selectively remove or reduce the constituents of cigarette smoke by including sorbents or other materials in the smoking article. One such material is gum arabic, which has been shown to reduce the level of one or more TSNAs in mainstream smoke generated during use of a smoking article.

It is known to add sugars to tobacco and / or smoking articles, usually for the purpose of improving taste, and this is particularly the case with Burley tobacco, where sugars are lost during the simmering of the tobacco. Sugars are usually applied in the form of a sugar-containing sauce solution.

In a review article by Roemer et al. (Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2012; 42 (3): 244-278) evaluated the literature regarding the use of sugars as ingredients in cigarette tobacco and noted that no change in the amount of many constituents of mainstream smoke was found as a result. inclusions of sugars (sucrose, invert sugar, honey, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and / or white and / or brown sugar), including amounts of NNK and benzo [a] pyrene. Two studies reported reductions in NNNs when using cigarettes containing HFCS or sucrose in the ISO smoking regimen, however, these differences were no longer evident with the more intense HCI (Health Canada Intense) smoking regimen.

It has now been found that the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines in the mainstream smoke generated from a smoking article during use can be reduced by the inclusion of one or more sugars in the smokable material intended for inclusion in the smoking article. ...

Many of the reductions in amounts were greater than the corresponding values observed for nicotine, indicating that the reductions were the result of something more than simply diluting the tobacco with sugar (s). In addition, the observed decreases in amounts for some of the tobacco-specific nitrosamines were greater than expected values according to the decreases observed for nicotine-free dry solids (NFDPM).

The term "NFDPM" is a state of the art term defined using a test methodology as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It is defined as the mass of mainstream particulate matter captured on a high-performance particulate filter of the dispersed phase minus the mass of nicotine and water on the filter. This value is usually expressed in mass units in the form of milligrams per cigarette.

In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for reducing the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) generated from a smoking article in use, comprising applying one or more sugars to a smokable material to be incorporated into the smoking article.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of one or more sugars to reduce the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in mainstream smoke generated during use of a smoking article, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material, intended for inclusion in a smoking article.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars include one or more representatives selected from: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, inverted sugar and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

In some embodiments, one or more sugars may be the D isomer; in some embodiments, one or more sugars may be the L isomer; in some embodiments, the one or more sugars include one or more members selected from: L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid, or inverted sugar. In some embodiments, the sugar is arabinose or L-arabinose.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in the form of a solution or in the form of particles. In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in the form of a solution.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, the smokable material contains tobacco.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.

In some embodiments of the first or second aspect of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in an amount of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%. about 9% or about 10% (w / w).

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, one or more sugars for inclusion in the smokable material is one or more unbound sugars.

The term "unbound" (or otherwise "isolated") means sugar in a pure, substantially pure and / or uncombined form.

In some embodiments, implementation corresponding to the first or second aspects of the invention, the level of one or more TSNA compounds is reduced by at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, by at least about 35%, at least about 40%, or at least about 45% as compared to the control smoking article.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a smokable material for inclusion in a smoking article, said material comprising tobacco and one or more unbound sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

The term "unbound" means sugar in pure, substantially pure and / or uncombined form.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, one or more unbound sugars are coated onto the smokable material in solution or particulate form.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, the smokable material comprises tobacco. In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, one or more unbound sugars are coated on the tobacco. In some such embodiments, one or more unbound sugars are coated onto the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments, the amount of one or more unbound sugars added to the tobacco is such that the resulting smokable material remains easy to handle and process. In some embodiments, where one or more unbound sugars are added to the tobacco as a solution, the concentration of the solution is such that the viscosity of the solution is low enough to spray and / or evenly coat the tobacco with the solution, but high enough to avoid significantly extending the time required for drying the resulting smokable material.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, the smokable material comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, or about 10% of one or more unbound sugars (w / w).

In some embodiments, the smokable material according to the third aspect may further comprise one or more components typically found in a tobacco rod of a combustible product, such as a smoking article. These are, for example, tobacco substitutes, filler material, diluents, binders, humectants, flavors or flavors, or an aerosol-forming material. These components can be mixed with tobacco and one or more unbound sugars, or with tobacco coated with one or more unbound sugars.

As used herein, the term "diluent" means a material that can be used to dilute a smokable material. Examples include glycerin, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosane, dotriacontane, eicosan, neophytadiene, heneicosane, gentacosan , nonacosan, octacosan, pentacosan, pentatriacontane, squalene, tetracosan, tetratriacontane, triacetin, triacontane, triacosan, and tritriacontane.

As used herein, the term "aerosol-forming material" means a substance that, when incorporated into a smoking article, rapidly creates an aerosol or promotes its creation when the article is ignited. Examples include polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, and triethylene glycol; triethyl citrate, triacetin or high boiling hydrocarbons.

In some instances, the terms "diluent" and "aerosol-forming material" may be used interchangeably. For example, some substances / materials exhibit the effect of both diluting the smokable material and rapidly creating or promoting aerosolization when incorporated into a smoking article and ignited the smoking article. Examples of such materials are triacetin and glycerin.

As used herein, the terms "flavor" or "flavor" refer to materials that, if permitted by local regulations, can be used to create the desired flavor or aroma in an adult product. These may include extracts (for example, in the case of licorice, hydrangea, magnolia leaf obovate, chamomile, fenugreek, clove, menthol, Japanese mint, aniseed, cinnamon, herbs, wintergreen, cherry, berry, peach, apple, Drambuy ", Bourbon whiskey, Scotch whiskey, American whiskey, curly mint, peppermint, lavender, cardamom, celery, croton tree, nutmeg, sandalwood, bergamot tree, geranium, honey essence, rose oil, vanilla, lemon oil, orange oil, cassia, cumin, cognac, jasmine, fragrant cananga, sage, fennel, clove, ginger, anise, coriander, coffee or peppermint oil from any species of the genus Mentha), enhancers of flavor and aroma characteristics, blockers of active centers of receptors bitter taste, activators or stimulants of active centers of sensory receptors, sugars and / or sugar substitutes (for example, sucralose, acesulfame potassium, aspartame, saccharin, cyclic lactose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol or mannitol) and other additives such as charcoal, chlorophyll, minerals, plant materials or mouth fresheners. They can be artificial, synthetic or natural ingredients, or mixtures thereof. They can be in any form suitable for use, for example in the form of an oil, liquid or powder.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNA compounds in smoke generated during use of a smoking article in which a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention is included is reduced compared to that of a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNA compounds in smoke generated during use of a smoking article incorporating a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention is reduced by at least about 35%, at least about 40%, or at least about 45%, compared to that of the control smoking article.

In some embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, the smokable material comprises gum arabic in addition to one or more unbound sugars.

In some embodiments, the gum arabic may be in particulate or fragmented form. In some such embodiments, the gum arabic fragments or particles can range from 20 microns to 5 mm in diameter; from 100 microns to 4 mm in diameter; from 0.1 mm to 3.5 mm in diameter; from 0.5 mm to 2 mm in diameter; 0.6 mm to 1.8 mm in diameter or 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter. In certain embodiments, the particles are about 0.8 mm (800 microns) in diameter. In some embodiments, the particles or fragments essentially comprise gum arabic or are composed of gum arabic.

In alternative embodiments, the gum arabic can be coated on one or more additional aspects of the smokable material. In some embodiments, the gum arabic is provided as a coating on the tobacco in the smokable material.

In some embodiments, the smokable material comprises gum arabic in an amount ranging from 10 mg to 675 mg, based on 750 mg of the smokable material; 50 mg to 300 mg based on 750 mg of smokable material; or about 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, or 230 mg based on 750 mg of smokable material.

In some embodiments, the application of one or more sugars to the smokable material according to the first or second aspect of the invention, or the inclusion of one or more unbound sugars in the smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention, makes it possible to reduce the level of gum arabic in the suitable smoking the material without adversely affecting the achieved reduction in TSNA. In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of gum arabic may improve the handling and taste of the smokable material.

The smokable material according to the third aspect can be included in a smoking article such as a cigarette. Accordingly, in a fourth aspect, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokable material according to the third aspect of the invention.

The smoking articles of the present invention can be adapted to any size and dimension known for smoking articles. Alternatively, a smoking article according to the invention may comprise a coaxial core including an inner core and an outer ring of smokable materials, wherein the smokable material according to the third aspect may be included in either one or both of the inner core or outer ring. In such embodiments, the smoking article may comprise identical or different wrappers for the inner core and outer ring.

Smoking articles typically contain a filter in a mouthpiece, a plug that contains the smokable material, and paper wrapped around the plug.

The smoking articles of the present invention may comprise any filter configuration known in the art. Filters for smoking articles typically comprise one or more selected from fibrous cellulose acetate, polypropylene material, polyethylene material, or gathered paper material.

Referring to FIG. 1, it illustrates a smoking article 1 comprising a filter 2 and a substantially cylindrical tobacco rod 3 aligned with the filter 2 such that one end of the tobacco rod 3 is located abutting the end of the filter. The tobacco rod 3 has a cut-out area to show the location of the smokable material and one or more unbound sugars. The tobacco rod 3 is conventionally connected to the filter 2 using rim paper.

In a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a smokable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article, the sheet material comprising a filler and one or more unbound sugars selected from the group consisting of arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and their derivatives, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.

In some embodiments of the fifth aspect, the smokable sheeting comprises at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10% unbound sugar (s) by weight.

In some embodiments of the fifth aspect, the smokable sheeting comprises at least 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% filler by weight. In some embodiments of the fifth aspect, the smokable sheeting comprises 20% to 95% filler by weight. In some embodiments of the fifth aspect, the smokable sheeting comprises about 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90% filler when based on weight.

The term “based on weight” means “based on the weight of the smokable sheeting”. In some embodiments, the resulting sheet is not overly brittle, thereby facilitating handling and processing.

In some embodiments, the filler contains one or more members selected from a binder, a diluent, and a filler such as an inorganic filler.

Examples of binders include alginate, pectin, cellulosic compounds, and hydrocolloid-based compounds.

As used herein, the term "diluent" means a material that can be used to dilute a smokable material. Examples include glycerin, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosane, dotriacontane, eicosan, neophytadiene, heneicosane, gentacosan , nonacosan, octacosan, pentacosan, pentatriacontane, squalene, tetracosan, tetratriacontane, triacetin, triacontane, triacosan, and tritriacontane.

Examples of filling agents include calcium carbonate, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, colloidal silicon dioxide, magic oxide, magnesium sulfate, and magnesium carbonate.

In some embodiments, the binder is an alginate such as sodium alginate and / or a gum such as gum arabic; the diluent is glycerin; and the filling agent is chalk. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the filler comprises one or more members selected from an alginate such as sodium alginate, a gum such as gum arabic, glycerin, and chalk. In some embodiments, the filler comprises an alginate, such as sodium alginate, or a gum, such as gum arabic, chalk, and glycerin.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate ranges from about 5% to about 15% based on the weight of the sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of gum arabic ranges from about 5% to about 15% based on the weight of the sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk ranges from about 10% to about 50% based on the weight of the smokable sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerin ranges from about 5% to about 25% based on the weight of the smokable sheeting.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate is about 7.5% by weight of the smokable sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of gum arabic is about 7.5% by weight of the smokable sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk is about 40% by weight of the smokable sheeting. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerin is about 12.5% by weight of the smokable sheeting.

In some embodiments, the smokable sheet material further comprises gum arabic or further comprises an additional amount of gum arabic. In some such embodiments, the smokable sheeting may comprise about 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 40, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, or 85 % gum arabic based on weight.

In some embodiments, the smokable sheet material does not contain tobacco or contains tobacco in an amount of no more than 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1% or 0.5% based on the weight of the sheet material.

In some embodiments, the smokable sheeting does not contain substantially solid or particulate material having a size greater than 800 microns, 700 microns, 600 microns, 550 microns, 500 microns, 400 microns, 200 microns, 180 μm, 100 μm or 50 μm. In some embodiments, the smokable sheeting does not comprise a solid or particulate material having a size substantially greater than 550 microns. In some embodiments, the smokable sheeting does not contain more than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% based on the weight of the solid or particulate material having a size substantially greater than 500 microns.

According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a method of producing a sheet of smokable material for inclusion in a smoking article, the method comprising preparing, casting and drying a solution or suspension containing a filler and one or more unbound sugars.

In some embodiments, the amount of one or more unbound sugars in the solution is at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% based on the solids weight of the solution.

The term "solid content" refers to all components (either dispersible or soluble in a solvent) other than the solvent and constituting the smokable material sheet.

The solution can be prepared using an aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the implementation of the solvent can be water. In some embodiments, the implementation of the water can be distilled or deionized water.

In some embodiments, the solution further comprises a filler. In some embodiments, the filler contains one or more members selected from a binder, a diluent, and a filler such as an inorganic filler. In some embodiments, the binder is an alginate such as sodium alginate and / or a gum such as gum arabic, the diluent is glycerin, and the filling agent is chalk. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the filler comprises one or more members selected from an alginate such as sodium alginate and / or a gum such as gum arabic, glycerin, and chalk. In some embodiments, the filler comprises gum arabic and / or an alginate such as sodium alginate, glycerin, and chalk.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate in the solution ranges from about 5% to about 15% based on the weight of the solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of gum arabic in solution ranges from about 5% to about 15% based on the solids weight of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution ranges from about 10% to about 50% based on the weight of the solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerin ranges from about 5% to about 25% based on the weight of the solids content of the solution.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate in the solution is about 7.5% by weight of the solids content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of gum arabic in solution is about 7.5% based on the solids weight of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution is about 40% based on the weight of the solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerin is about 12.5% based on the weight of the solids content of the solution.

In some embodiments, the amount of tobacco in the solution is no more than 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0 , 5% based on the mass of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the solution does not contain tobacco.

In embodiments where the solution further comprises a component such as a binder, diluent, filler, or tobacco, and one or more of these components are insoluble or only partially soluble in the solvent, a slurry will be obtained. For the case of the solvent being water, the slurry will be an aqueous slurry.

In some embodiments, the resulting solution or suspension prior to casting does not contain a solid or particulate material having a size greater than 800 microns, 700 microns, 600 microns, 550 microns, 500 microns, 400 microns, 200 microns, 180 microns , 100 microns or 50 microns. In some embodiments, the smokable sheeting does not comprise substantially solid or particulate material having a size greater than 550 microns. In some embodiments, the amount of solid or particulate material having a size greater than 550 microns is no more than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% based on the weight of the solid content of the solution.

In some embodiments, the implementation of one or more components can be prepared as one or more separate solutions or dispersions, using a solvent, and then combined. Alternatively, a solution or suspension can be prepared by mixing or kneading one or more components with a solvent and then adding additional components. The components and / or solutions or suspensions containing the components can be prepared using vigorous mixing aids such as high shear mixing aids.

The solution or slurry can be cast using conventional means, for example, on a casting sheet, and dried using conventional means and conditions, for example, in an oven using a temperature of about 80 ° C for about 90 minutes. Thereafter, the resulting sheets can be conditioned using conventional means, such as an air conditioning cabinet, at about 60% relative humidity and 22 ° C for up to about 24 or more as needed, for example 48 hours.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNA compounds in the smoke generated during use of a smoking article incorporating a smokable sheeting according to the fifth aspect of the invention is reduced compared to that of a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNA compounds in smoke generated during use of a smoking article incorporating a smokable sheeting according to the fifth aspect of the invention is reduced by at least 35%, at least 38%, or at least 40% or at least 45% as compared to the control smoking article.

In some embodiments, the inclusion of one or more unbound sugars in the smokable sheet according to the fifth aspect of the invention makes it possible to reduce the level of gum arabic in the smokable sheet without adversely affecting the achieved reduction in TSNA levels. In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of gum arabic may improve the handling and taste of the smokable sheet and as a result of the smokable material in which it is incorporated.

A smokable sheet material containing one or more unbound sugars can be incorporated into a smoking article such as a cigarette. Accordingly, in a seventh aspect, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokable sheeting according to the fifth aspect.

In some embodiments of the seventh aspect, the smokable sheeting is cut, chopped, or otherwise comminuted to a size suitable for use when incorporated into a smoking article. Achievement of size reduction can be achieved using conventional means such as a cutting device. Thereafter, the cut sheet material can be mixed with tobacco and / or other constituents of the smokable material and incorporated into a smoking article.

In some embodiments, the smokable sheet material is disposed within the tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokable sheet material is added to or combined with one or more other components of the smokable material for inclusion in a tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokable material for inclusion in the smoking plug of the smoking article comprises about 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% , 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, or 20% (w / w) of the smokable sheeting according to the fifth aspect of the invention.

In alternative embodiments, the smokable sheeting may be provided as a wrap or cover for other components of the smokable sheet.

In some embodiments, the smoking article according to the seventh aspect of the invention has a reduced level of one or more TSNA compounds in the mainstream smoke generated during use of the articles. In some embodiments, the reduction in the level of one or more TSNA compounds achieved by the smoking article of the seventh aspect of the invention is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30% at least about 35%, at least about 40%, or at least about 45% as compared to the control smoking article.

In some embodiments, the inclusion of a smokable sheeting according to the fifth aspect of the invention makes it possible to reduce the level of gum arabic in any form included in the smokable material without affecting the resulting decrease in TSNA level. In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of gum arabic may improve the handling and taste of the smokable material.

As can be assumed without wishing to be bound by theory, the effects on TSNA levels achieved using the present invention result from the scavenging of TSNA precursors by the combustion products of sugars, thereby disrupting the TSNA synthesis route. The observation of larger reductions compared to expected values as a result of a decrease in the amount of NFDPM may indicate the possibility of synergistic effects in the complex technological processes of dynamic combustion and / or pyrolysis occurring in a smoking article. In addition, the observation that the majority of TSNA reductions exceed nicotine reductions indicate reductions in TSNAs that are the result of more than simply diluting the tobacco with sugar.

In addition, as can be assumed without wishing to be bound by theory, the mechanism for the decrease in the amount of TSNA achieved by the inclusion of one or more sugars or one or more unbound sugars in the smokable material in the present invention may be different from that reducing the amount of TSNA achieved by incorporating gum arabic into a smokable material. It is believed that different kinetics may be involved in the respective reduction processes, which can result in different acceptance mechanisms or changes in the pyrolytic profile of the smokable material.

To illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided, which should not be taken as limiting.

Example 1. Obtaining Processed and Controlled Tobacco

The processed tobacco is obtained by adding a solution of the selected sugar or unbound sugar to the cut tobacco fiber. Four different tobacco blends were used: A, B, C and D.

The selected ratios between solution and tobacco were sufficient so that the viscosity was low enough to spray, and the tobacco was evenly coated with the solution, but the processed tobacco was not wet enough to significantly extend the drying time. Details are presented in Table A.

Table A. Composition of Processed Tobacco

Sample Amount of tobacco (kg) Solution amount (kg) The amount of sugar in the solution (kg) The amount of sugar in the final mixture (kg) Control sample (% purity) 10 0 0 0 L - (+) - arabinose (99.27%) 10 10 0.5 5 L - (+) - rhamnose (99%) 10 10 0.5 5 D - (+) - galactose (98.72%) 10 10 0.5 5 D-glucuronic acid (99.2%) 10 10 0.5 5 L - (+) - arabinose (99.27%) 10 10 1.1 10 Inverted sugar 10 10 1.1 10

Preparing the sugar solution

Sugar was added to the reverse osmotic water container in the amounts specified in Table A. The mixture was stirred until the sugar dissolved (approximately 5 minutes).

Tobacco preparation

The cut tobacco fiber was placed in a large rotating vessel, such as a double cone drum blender (DBM). The sugar solution was poured through a sieve into a device in the form of an injection tank on the BSDK. A pneumatic pressure was created in the tank, and the solution was directed to the BSDK through a tube. The solution entered the BSDK through two small-diameter spray nozzles while rotating the BSDK to apply an even coating from the sugar solution to the tobacco. The technological process continued until the entire solution was applied.

A COMAS tobacco drier was used to remove excess water from the resulting tobacco. The tobacco was weighed and equally divided between drying trays in the tobacco drier. A sample of the chopped fiber was also taken and subjected to a moisture level test to calculate the approximate drying time. The COMAS device was usually set at 37.5 ° C.

Immediately after drying and again one day after drying, moisture level tests were carried out using the Halogen Moisture Analyzer to ensure that moisture levels were maintained. The tobacco was removed from the dryer when the moisture content reached about 12-14% (the recommended level for use in cigarette making). Thereafter, the processed tobacco was incorporated into cigarettes.

Control Option

The control tobacco simply contained a comparable amount of the same cut fiber blend as the amount used to produce the corresponding processed tobacco. The control tobacco was not subjected to any further processing because, as previously stated, treating the tobacco with water alone followed by drying did not affect the mainstream smoke generated compared to comparable but untreated tobacco.

Making cigarettes

Very long (King size) cigarettes were produced using an automated Mk9 machine and had a plug tightness of approximately 72%. Cigarettes included standard 27 mm monoacetate filters, cigarette paper, and rim paper.

Smoking mode and smoke analysis

Cigarettes were smoked using the HCI (Health Canada Intense) smoking regimen, which is detailed in Table B.

Table B

Puff volume (ml) 55 Puff duration (sec) 2 Puff frequency (sec) thirty Ventilation Closed

Analyzed the mainstream of smoke from each cigarette. Five parallel measurements were carried out using five cigarettes smoked per measurement from the parallel measurements. The results were expressed as a percentage change compared to that of the control variant.

Example 2A

Cigarettes were prepared from Blend A tobacco coated with 5% glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose or D-galactose as shown in Example 1 above and Table 1. A control was also prepared using Blend A ...

results

FIG. Figures 2 and 3 demonstrate that cigarettes containing Blend A tobacco coated with a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose and D-galactose have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK in comparison with what is the case for the comparable reference case.

FIG. 2 and 3 also demonstrate that cigarettes containing Blend A to which a 5% solution of L-rhamnose and L-arabinose and D-galactose has been applied have lower nicotine levels compared to comparable control option.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT and NAB decreased for cigarettes containing tobacco blend A, to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose and D-galactose was applied, more than a decrease observed for NFDPM; and the level of NNK decreased for cigarettes containing tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose and L-arabinose was applied, to a greater extent than the decrease observed for NFDPM.

Example 2B

Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend A, to which a 5% invert sugar solution or a 10% invert sugar or L-arabinose solution was applied as shown in Example 1 above and Table 1. A control was also prepared using blend A ...

results

FIG. Figures 4 and 5 show that cigarettes containing Blend A tobacco coated with 5% invert sugar solution or 10% invert sugar or L-arabinose solution have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK and nicotine. versus what is the case for the comparable reference.

In addition, NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK levels were decreased for cigarettes containing Blend A Tobacco, to which 5% invert sugar solution, 10% invert sugar solution or 10% L-arabinose solution was applied , more than the decrease observed for NFDPM.

Example 2C

Cigarettes were prepared from Blend B to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control was also made using Blend B.

results

FIG. 6 and 7 demonstrate that cigarettes containing tobacco blend B to which a 10% L-arabinose solution has been applied have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK compared to the comparable control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK decreased for cigarettes containing tobacco blend B to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied, more than the decrease observed for NFDPM.

Example 2D

Cigarettes were prepared from Blend C tobacco to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control was also made using Blend C.

results

FIG. Figures 8 and 9 show that cigarettes containing Blend C tobacco coated with 10% L-arabinose solution have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK compared to the comparable control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK decreased for cigarettes containing tobacco blend C to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied, more than the decrease observed for NFDPM.

Example 2E

Cigarettes were prepared from Blend D to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control was also made using Blend D.

results

FIG. 10 and 11 show that cigarettes containing Blend D D, to which a 10% L-arabinose solution has been applied, have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK and nicotine compared to the comparable control. option.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK decreased for cigarettes containing tobacco blend D to which a 10% L-arabinose solution was applied, more than the decrease observed for NFDPM.

In order to resolve various issues and the progressive development of the state of the art, the totality of this disclosure of the invention demonstrates, by way of illustration, various embodiments in which the claimed invention (s) can be implemented in practice and can offer an excellent technological process for obtaining a smokable material containing one or more sugars and / or unbound sugars for inclusion in a smoking article. The advantages and features of the disclosure are only intended to be representative of the embodiments and are not intended to be exhaustive and / or exclusive. They are presented only to facilitate understanding and presentation of the stated features. As is to be understood, the advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures, and / or other aspects of the disclosure should not be construed as limiting the disclosure of the invention as defined in the claims, or limiting the equivalents of the claims. and other embodiments may be used, and modifications may be made without departing from the scope and / or spirit of the disclosure. Various embodiments in a suitable case may include the following, consist of, or consist essentially of it: various combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, and the like. In addition, the disclosure includes other inventions not currently claimed, but which may be claimed in the future.

Claims (18)

1. A method of reducing the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) generated by a smoking article during use, comprising applying one or more sugars, including one or more representatives selected from: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose , altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose and inverse sugar, on a smokable material intended for inclusion in a smoking article. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein one or more sugars are applied in the form of a solution or in the form of particles. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the smokable material comprises tobacco. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco. 5. The method according to any one of claims. 1-4, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in an amount of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10% (w / w) ... 6. The method according to any one of claims. 1-5, wherein the level of one or more TSNA compounds is reduced by at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40% or at least 45%, compared to that of a control smoking article that contains a smokable material that has not been treated with arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, or inverted sugar. 7. The use of one or more sugars, including one or more representatives selected from: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose and inverted sugar, to reduce the level of one or more tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in mainstream smoke generated during use of a smoking article, in which one or more sugars are applied to a smokable material intended for inclusion in a smoking article. 8. Use according to claim 7, wherein one or more sugars are applied as a solution or in particulate form. 9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the smokable material comprises tobacco. 10. Use according to claim 9, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco. 11. The use according to any one of paragraphs. 7-10, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the smokable material in an amount of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10% (w / w) ... 12. The use according to any one of paragraphs. 7-11, in which the level of one or more TSNA compounds is reduced by at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40% or at least 45%, compared to that of a control smoking article that contains a smokable material that has not been treated with arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, or inverted sugar. 13. A smokable sheet material intended for inclusion in a smoking article, wherein the sheet material contains a filler and one or more unbound sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose and xylulose. 14. The smokable sheet material of claim 13, wherein the filler comprises one or more members selected from a binder, a diluent, and a filler. 15. Suitable for smokable sheet material according to any one of paragraphs. 13 or 14, in which the level of one or more TSNA compounds in smoke generated during use of a smoking article in which a smokable sheet material is included is reduced compared to that of a control smoking article that contains a smokable sheet. smoking material that has not been treated with arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lixose, ribose, ribulose, sucrose, or xyltyl. 16. A method of producing a sheet of smokable material according to claim 13 or 14 for inclusion in a smoking article, the method comprising preparing, casting and drying a solution or suspension containing said filler and one or more of said unbound sugars. 17. A smoking article containing a smokable sheet material according to any one of claims. 13 or 14. 18. A smoking article according to claim 17, characterized by a reduced level of one or more TSNA compounds in the mainstream smoke generated during use of the article.

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