KR20200096284A - Substances for inclusion in smoking articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the inclusion of one or more sugars or separate sugars in smoking articles.

Description

Substances for inclusion in smoking articles

Technical field

The present invention relates to the inclusion of one or more sugars in smoking articles.

background

Sugar is used in flammable products to improve taste. Sugar is usually applied as a sugar-containing casing solution.

summary

According to a first aspect of the invention, the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) produced by the smoking article in use comprising applying one or more sugars to a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article is measured. A method of reducing is provided.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of one or more sugars to reduce the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in mainstream smoke produced upon use of the smoking article, wherein the one or more sugars comprise inclusion as a smoking article. Applies to hazardous smokeable substances.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the one or more sugars are arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idos, talos, Psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lixose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, invert sugar and derivatives thereof, such as monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. .

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the one or more sugars are applied as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the smokeable material comprises tobacco.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the at least one sugar is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9 % Or about 10% (w/w).

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the level of the one or more TSNAs is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about Reduced by 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45%.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article, the material being tobacco, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, gulose, idos, Talos, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, rixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, such as monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives, at least one isolated sugar selected from the group consisting of.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, one or more separated sugars are applied to the tobacco.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the one or more separated sugars are applied to the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the smokeable material is one of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10%. It contains the above separated sugar (w/w).

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the present invention.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a smokeable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article is provided, wherein the sheet material includes a filler, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, and iso Sus, talos, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, e.g., monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. .

In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the filler comprises one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filler.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a sheet of smokeable material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is prepared, comprising the step of preparing, casting and drying a solution or slurry comprising a filler and one or more separated sugars. A method is provided.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in the smoke generated upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention or a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is compared with a control smoking article. Is reduced by comparison.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising the smokeable material according to the third aspect of the present invention or the smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention. In some embodiments, a smoking article according to the seventh aspect has a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in mainstream smoke produced upon use of the article.

Brief description of the drawing
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, by way of example only:
1 is a representation of a smoking article according to a fourth aspect of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a smoking article comprising a blend A cigarette to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose or D-lactose has been applied compared to a smoking article comprising a similar amount of control blend A cigarettes. Is a graph demonstrating that the reduction of a specific analyte was achieved by.
Figure 3 shows the data in the table of Figure 2.
Figure 4 shows a 5% or 10% solution of invert sugar compared to a smoking article comprising a similar amount of control Blend A cigarettes; Or a graph demonstrating that a reduction of a specific analyte was achieved with a smoking article comprising Blend A tobacco to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied.
5 shows the tabular data of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a graph demonstrating that reduction of certain analytes was achieved by smoking articles comprising Blend B cigarettes to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied compared to smoking articles comprising similar amounts of control Blend B cigarettes.
7 shows the tabular data of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a graph demonstrating that reduction of certain analytes was achieved by smoking articles comprising Blend C cigarettes to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied compared to smoking articles comprising similar amounts of control Blend C cigarettes.
9 shows the tabular data of FIG. 8.
10 is a graph demonstrating that a reduction of certain analytes was achieved with a smoking article comprising Blend D cigarettes to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a similar amount of control Blend D cigarettes.
11 shows the tabular data of FIG. 10.

details

Smoke from smoking articles including tobacco is a complex and dynamic mixture of over 5000 identified ingredients. The ingredients are present in the mainstream smoke (MS) exiting the mouth end of the cigarette, and are also released between the puffs as a component of the sidestream smoke (SS).

At least some of the components of mainstream smoke, such as aromatic amines; phenol; Carbonyl; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Acrylonitrile; Volatile hydrocarbons such as toluene, isoprene, styrene and benzene; Nitrogen heterocyclics such as pyridine; Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), such as N'-nitrosoanavacin (NAB), N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyrid) Dill)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN); And reducing the level of one or more of inorganic compounds such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide may be a research goal.

Methods of selectively reducing mainstream and/or sidestream smoke components include, for example, reducing the level of certain compounds from the starting material using biotechnology methods; Blending of different types of tobacco, or treatment of tobacco prior to inclusion into smoking articles; Reducing the amount of tobacco in the smoking article by including a diluent or filler; Ventilation of the smoking article where ambient air enters the smoking article to dilute the MS; And the use of filters that enhance the removal of MS components. In addition, there have been attempts to selectively remove or reduce components from cigarette smoke by including adsorbents or other substances in smoking articles. One of these substances is gum acacia, which has been shown to reduce the level of one or more TSNAs from mainstream smoke produced by the use of smoking articles.

The addition of sugars to cigarettes and/or smoking articles is commonly known for the purpose of improving taste, particularly with Burley tobacco, where sugar is lost during curing. Sugar is usually applied as a sugar-containing casing solution.

A review article by Roemer et al. (Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2012; 42(3):244-278) evaluated the literature on the use of sugars as a component of cigarette tobacco, and sugars including NNK and benzo[a]pyrene ( The inclusion of sucrose, invert sugar, honey, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and/or white or brown sugar) found no change in many components of mainstream smoke. Both studies reported a decrease in NNN for cigarettes containing HFCS or sucrose under the ISO smoking regime, but this difference was no longer evident in the more intense Health Canada Intense (HCI) smoking regime.

It has now been found that the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines in mainstream smoke produced from smoking articles in use can be reduced by including one or more sugars in a smokeable material for inclusion in smoking articles.

Many of the reductions were greater than those observed for nicotine, indicating that the reduction was the result of more than just dilution of the tobacco with sugar(s). In addition, the reduction observed for some tobacco specific nitrosamines was greater than expected by the reduction observed for nicotine-free dry particulate matter (NFDPM).

The term “NFDPM” is a term in the art that is determined using test methodology that can be understood by a person skilled in the art. It is defined as the weight of the mainstream smoke particulate matter trapped in the high efficiency particulate filter minus the weight of the nicotine and water on the filter. This is usually expressed in units of weight in milligrams per cigarette.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) produced by the smoking article in use comprising applying one or more sugars to a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article is measured. A method of reducing is provided.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of one or more sugars to reduce the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in mainstream smoke produced upon use of the smoking article, wherein the one or more sugars comprise inclusion as a smoking article. Applies to hazardous smokeable substances.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the one or more sugars are arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idos, talos, Psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lixose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, invert sugar and derivatives thereof, such as monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. .

In some embodiments, one or more sugars may be D-isomers; In some embodiments, one or more sugars may be L-isomers; In some embodiments, the one or more sugars comprise one or more of L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid, or invert sugar. In some embodiments, the sugar is arabinose or L-arabinose.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the one or more sugars are applied to the smokeable material as a solution or in particulate form. In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, at least one sugar is applied as a solution to the smokeable substance.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the smokeable material comprises tobacco.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the at least one sugar is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9 % Or about 10% (w/w).

In some embodiments, according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the one or more sugars for inclusion in the smokeable material are one or more separate sugars.

The term "isolated" refers to sugars in pure, substantially pure, and/or uncombined form.

In some embodiments according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the level of the one or more TSNAs is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about Reduced by 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45%.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article, the material being tobacco, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, gulose, idos, Talos, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, rixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, such as monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives, at least one isolated sugar selected from the group consisting of.

The term "isolated" refers to sugars in pure, substantially pure, and/or uncombined form.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the one or more separated sugars are applied to the smokeable material as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the smokeable material comprises tobacco. In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, one or more separated sugars are applied to the tobacco. In some such embodiments, one or more separated sugars are applied to the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.

In some embodiments, the amount of one or more separated sugars added to the cigarette is such that the resulting smokeable material remains easy to handle and process. In some embodiments in which one or more separated sugars are added to the cigarette as a solution, the concentration of the solution is low enough to allow the viscosity of the solution to be sprayed and/or the tobacco to be evenly covered with the solution, but drying the resulting smokeable material. It is a high enough concentration that does not significantly increase the time required to make it.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the smokeable material is one of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10%. It contains the above separated sugar (w/w).

In some embodiments, the smokeable material according to the third aspect may further comprise one or more components commonly found in tobacco rods of combustible products such as smoking articles. For example, tobacco substitutes, filler substances, diluents, binders, wetting agents, flavoring or flavoring agents or aerosol-generating substances. These ingredients may be mixed with tobacco and one or more separated sugars, or tobacco to which one or more separated sugars have been applied.

As used herein, the term "diluent" refers to a substance that can be used to dilute a smokeable substance. Examples include glycerol, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosan, dotriacontan, Eicosan, neophytadiene, heneikoic acid, gentriacontan, heptacoic acid, hexacoic acid, nonacoic acid, octacoic acid, pentacoic acid, pentatriacontan, squalene, tetracosan, tetratriacontan, triacetin , Triacontan, triaconic acid and tritriacontan.

The term “aerosol-generating material” as used herein, when incorporated into a smoking article, refers to a material that rapidly generates or promotes an aerosol upon ignition of the article. Examples include polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, propylene glycol and triethylene glycol; Triethyl citrate, triacetin, or high boiling point hydrocarbons.

In some cases, the terms “diluent” and “aerosol-generating material” may be used interchangeably. For example, some substances/materials have the effect of both diluting the smokeable substance and rapidly generating or promoting an aerosol upon inclusion and ignition in a smoking article. Examples of such substances are triacetin and glycerol.

As used herein, the terms “flavor” and “flavoring agent”, where local regulations permit, refer to substances that can be used to create a desired taste or aroma in a product for an adult consumer. These include extracts (e.g. licorice, hydrangea, Japanese white magnolia leaves, chamomile, fenugreek, cloves, menthol, Japanese mint, aniseed, cinnamon, herbs, wintergreen, cherry, berry, peach, Apple, Drambuie, Bourbon, Scotch, Whiskey, Spearmint, Peppermint, Lavender, Cardamom, Celery, Cascarilla, Nutmeg, Sandalwood, Bergamot, Geranium, Honey Essence , Rose oil, vanilla, lemon oil, orange oil, cassia, caraway, cognac, jasmine, ylang-ylang, sage, fennel, pepper, ginger, anise, cilantro, coffee, or any species of Mentha genus From mint oil), flavor enhancers, bitter receptor site blockers, sensory receptor site activators or stimulants, sugar and/or sugar substitutes (e.g., sucralose, acesulfame potassium, aspartame, saccharin, cyclamate, lactose, Sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol or mannitol), and other additives, such as charcoal, chlorophyll, mineral, plant, or respiratory coolant. These can be mimic, synthetic or natural ingredients or blends thereof. They can be in any suitable form, for example oil, liquid or powder.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in the smoke produced upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention is reduced compared to a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in the smoke produced upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention is at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least compared to a control smoking article. It is reduced by about 45%.

In some embodiments according to the third aspect of the invention, the smokeable substance comprises gum acacia in addition to the one or more separated sugars.

In some such embodiments, acacia gum may be in particulate or fragmented form. In some such embodiments, the fragments or particles of gum acacia have a diameter of 20 μm to 5 mm; A diameter of 100 μm to 4 mm; A diameter of 0.1 mm to 3.5 mm; A diameter of 0.5 mm to 2 mm; It may be a diameter of 0.6 mm to 1.8 mm or a diameter of 0.7 mm to 1 mm. In certain embodiments, the particles are about 0.8 mm (800 μm) in diameter. In some embodiments, the particles or fragments substantially comprise or consist of gum acacia.

In an alternative embodiment, acacia gum can be formed as a coating for one or more additional aspects of the smokeable material. In some embodiments, acacia gum is provided as a coating for tobacco in a smokeable material.

In some embodiments, the smokeable substance is 10 mg to 675 mg per 750 mg smokeable substance; 50 mg to 300 mg per 750 mg smokeable substance; Or about 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220 or 230 mg of acacia gum per 750 mg of smokeable substance.

In some embodiments, the application of one or more sugars to a smokeable substance according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, or the inclusion of one or more separated sugars in a smokeable substance according to the third aspect of the present invention, results in the achieved TSNA reduction level. It can reduce the level of acacia gum among smokeable substances without affecting the In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of acacia gum can improve the handling and taste of the smoking material.

The smokeable material according to the third aspect can be included in smoking articles such as cigarettes. Thus, in a fourth aspect, there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the present invention.

Smoking articles according to the invention may conform to any size or dimension known for smoking articles. Alternatively, smoking articles according to the present invention may comprise a coaxial core comprising an inner core and an outer ring of smokeable material, wherein the smokeable material according to the third aspect is either or both of the inner core or the outer ring. Can be included in all. In these embodiments, the smoking article may comprise the same or different wrapper materials for the inner core and outer ring.

Smoking articles typically include a filter at the end of the mouth, a rod comprising a smokeable material, and paper wrapped around the rod.

Smoking articles according to the present invention may comprise any filter configuration known in the art. Filters for smoking articles typically comprise one or more of fibrous cellulose acetate, polypropylene material, polyethylene material, or corrugated paper material.

Referring to FIG. 1, a smoking article 1 comprising a filter 2 and a substantially cylindrical tobacco rod 3 aligned with the filter 2 such that one end of the tobacco rod 3 is adjacent to the end of the filter is shown. Is shown. The tobacco rod 3 has a cut away area indicating the location of the smokeable material and one or more separate sugars. The tobacco rod 3 is connected to the filter 2 in a conventional manner by means of tipping paper.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a smokeable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article is provided, wherein the sheet material includes a filler, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, and iso Sus, talos, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, e.g., monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. .

In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable sheet material comprises at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10% separated sugar(s) by weight.

In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable sheet material comprises at least 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% filler by weight. In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable sheet material comprises 20% to 95% filler by weight. In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable sheet material is about 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90 by weight. Contains% filler.

The term "by weight" is meant to be based on the weight of the smokeable sheet material.

In some embodiments, the resulting sheet is not excessively brittle, so it is easy to handle and process.

In some embodiments, the filler includes one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filler, such as an inorganic filler.

Examples of binders include alginates, pectins, cellulose compounds, and hydrocolloid based compounds.

As used herein, the term "diluent" refers to a substance that can be used to dilute a smokeable substance. Examples include glycerol, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosan, dotriacontan, Eicosan, neophytadiene, heneikoic acid, gentriacontan, heptacoic acid, hexacoic acid, nonacoic acid, octacoic acid, pentacoic acid, pentatriacontan, squalene, tetracosan, tetratriacontan, triacetin , Triacontan, triaconic acid and tritriacontan.

Examples of fillers include calcium carbonate, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, colloidal silica, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate and magnesium carbonate.

In some embodiments, the binder is an alginate such as sodium alginate and/or a gum such as acacia gum; The diluent is glycerol; The filler is chalk. Thus, in some embodiments, the filler comprises one or more of an alginate such as sodium alginate, a gum such as acacia gum, glycerol and chalk. In some embodiments, the filler includes alginate such as sodium alginate or gum such as acacia gum, chalk and glycerol.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk is from about 10% to about 50% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the smokeable sheet material.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate is about 7.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum is about 7.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk is about 40% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is about 12.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material.

In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material further comprises gum acacia, or further comprises gum acacia. In some such embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is about 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 40, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 or 85 by weight. % Acacia gum.

In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material does not contain tobacco, or 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3% by weight of the sheet material. %, 2%, 1% or 0.5% or less of tobacco.

In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material substantially comprises a solid or particulate material of a size greater than 800 μm, 700 μm, 600 μm, 550 μm, 500 μm, 400 μm, 200 μm, 180 μm, 100 μm, or 50 μm. do not include. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is substantially free of solid or particulate material in size greater than 550 μm. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material substantially does not contain more than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% by weight solid or particulate material of a size greater than 500 μm.

According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a sheet of smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article, the method comprising the steps of preparing, casting and drying a solution or slurry comprising a filler and at least one separated sugar. Include.

In some embodiments, the amount of one or more separated sugars in the solution is at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% by weight of the solids of the solution.

The term “solids” refers to all components other than the solvent (regardless of dispersibility or solubility in the solvent) including the sheet of smokeable material.

Solutions can be prepared using aqueous solvents. In some embodiments, the solvent can be water. In some embodiments, the water can be distilled or deionized water.

In some embodiments, the solution further comprises a filler. In some embodiments, the filler includes one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filler, such as an inorganic filler. In some embodiments, the binder is an alginate such as sodium alginate and/or a gum such as acacia gum, the diluent is glycerol, and the filler is chalk. Thus, in some embodiments, the filler comprises one or more of an alginate such as sodium alginate and/or a gum such as acacia gum, glycerol and chalk. In some embodiments, the filler comprises gum acacia and/or alginate, such as sodium alginate, glycerol and choke.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate in the solution is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum in the solution is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution is from about 10% to about 50% by weight of solids in the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the solids in the solution.

In some embodiments, the amount of sodium alginate in the solution is about 7.5% by weight of the solids content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum in the solution is about 7.5% by weight of the solids content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution is about 40% by weight of the solids content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is about 12.5% by weight of the solids content of the solution.

In some embodiments, the amount of tobacco in the solution is 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, based on the weight of the solids of the solution, 1% or 0.5% or less. In some embodiments, the solution does not contain tobacco.

In embodiments where the solution further comprises ingredients such as binders, diluents, fillers or tobacco, and one or more of these ingredients are not soluble or only partially soluble in the solvent, a slurry will be formed. If the solvent is water, the slurry will be an aqueous slurry.

In some embodiments, the prepared solution or slurry is a solid or particulate material with a size greater than 800 μm, 700 μm, 600 μm, 550 μm, 500 μm, 400 μm, 200 μm, 180 μm, 100 μm, or 50 μm prior to casting. Does not include. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is substantially free of solid or particulate matter in size greater than 550 μm. In some embodiments, the amount of solid or particulate matter with a size greater than 500 μm is 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% or 1% or less by weight of the solids in the solution.

In some embodiments, one or more components can be prepared as one or more separate solutions or slurries using a solvent and then combined. Alternatively, solutions or slurries can be prepared by mixing or blending one or more ingredients with a solvent and then adding additional ingredients. The components and/or solutions or slurries comprising the components can be prepared using powerful blending means such as high shear mixing means.

The solution or slurry can be cast using conventional means, for example on a casting sheet, and dried for about 90 minutes in an oven using, for example, a temperature of about 80°C, using conventional means and conditions. Can be. The resulting sheet can then be conditioned using a conditioning cabinet by conventional means, for example, at about 60% relative humidity and 22° C. for up to about 24 hours, or, if necessary, for longer, for example 48 hours. I can.

In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in the smoke produced upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is reduced compared to a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in the smoke produced upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is at least about 35%, at least about 38% or compared to a control smoking article. Reduced by at least about 40% or at least about 45%.

In some embodiments, the inclusion of one or more separated sugars in the smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention can reduce the level of acacia gum in the smokeable sheet material without affecting the level of TSNA reduction achieved. . In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of acacia gum can improve the handling and taste of the smoking sheet material, and consequently the smokeable material comprising it.

A smokeable sheet material comprising one or more separate sugars can be included in smoking articles such as cigarettes. Accordingly, in a seventh aspect, there is provided a smoking article comprising the smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect.

In some embodiments according to the seventh aspect, the smokeable sheet material is shredded, crushed or otherwise reduced to a size suitable for incorporation into a smoking article. Size reduction can be achieved using conventional means such as a crusher. Thereafter, the shredded sheet material may be mixed with tobacco and/or other components of the smokeable material and incorporated into the smoking article.

In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is positioned within the tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is added to or combined with one or more other components of the smokeable material for inclusion in the tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokeable material for inclusion into the smoking rod of a smoking article is about 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15 %, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20% w/w of a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention.

In an alternative embodiment, the smokeable sheet material can be provided as a wrap or lining for other components of the smokeable material.

In some embodiments, smoking articles according to the seventh aspect of the invention have a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in mainstream smoke produced upon use of the article. In some embodiments, the reduction in the level of one or more TSNA achieved by the smoking article according to the seventh aspect of the invention is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45%.

In some embodiments, the inclusion of a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention will, in any form, reduce the level of acacia gum contained in the smokeable material without affecting the level of TSNA reduction achieved. I can. In some such embodiments, reducing the amount of acacia gum can improve the handling and taste of the smoking material.

Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is suggested that the effect on the level of TSNA achieved by the present invention occurs as a result of the scavenging of TSNA precursors by the combustion products of sugars, thereby hindering the TSNA synthesis pathway. The observation that the reduction was greater than that expected by the reduction in NFDPM may indicate that synergistic effects could occur within the complex dynamic combustion and/or pyrolysis processes occurring within smoking articles. In addition, the observation that most of the decrease in TSNA was greater than that of nicotine indicates that the decrease in TSNA is a result of more than just dilution of tobacco with sugar.

Further, without wishing to be bound by any theory, the mechanism of TSNA reduction achieved by incorporating one or more sugars or one or more isolated sugars into a smokeable substance in the present invention is that of TSNA reduction achieved by incorporating acacia gum into a smokeable substance. It is suggested that the mechanism may differ. It is suggested that different kinetics may be involved in each reduction process, which may lead to different scavenging mechanisms, or a change in the pyrolysis profile of the smokeable material.

The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1: Preparation of treated tobacco and control tobacco

Treated tobacco was prepared by adding selected sugar or a solution of separated sugar to cut rag tobacco. Four different tobacco blends were used, A, B, C and D.

The selected ratio of solution to tobacco is sufficient so that the viscosity of the solution is low enough to be sprayed, the tobacco is evenly covered with the solution but the treated tobacco is not wet enough to significantly increase the drying time. Details are provided in Table A below.

Table A: Composition of treated tobacco

Preparation of sugar solution

Sugar was added to the container with reverse osmosis water in the amount shown in Table A. The mixture was stirred until the sugar dissolved (about 5 minutes).

Manufacture of tobacco

Cut tobacco cigarettes were placed in a large rotating container such as a double cone blender (DCB). The sugar solution was poured through a sieve to the pressure port attachment on the DCB. The port was placed under pneumatic pressure and the solution was transferred to the DCB through the tube. The solution enters the DCB through two fine spray nozzles, while the DCB rotates to achieve an even coating of the sugar solution on the cigarette. The process was continued until all solutions were applied.

A COMAS cigarette dryer was used to remove excess water from the produced tobacco. Tobacco was weighed and distributed evenly between the drying trays of the tobacco dryer. A cuticle sample was also taken and tested for moisture content to calculate the approximate drying time. COMAS was typically set to a temperature of 37.5°C.

Immediately after drying and the next day after drying, the moisture was tested again using a halogen moisture analyzer to ensure that the level was stable. When the moisture reached about 12-14% (recommended level for use in making cigarettes), the tobacco was removed from the dryer. The treated tobacco was then included in the cigarette.

Control

The control tobacco simply contained the same blend of cut filler tobacco in amounts similar to those used to make the corresponding treated tobacco. Control cigarettes did not undergo any further processing because it has already been established that drying tobacco after treatment with water alone is similar but does not affect the mainstream smoke produced compared to untreated tobacco.

Cigarette Manufacturing:

The king size cigarette was made using an Mk9 automated machine and had a load stiffness of about 72%. Cigarettes included a standard 27mm monoacetate filter, cigarette paper and tip paper.

Smoking regime & smoke analysis

Cigarettes were smoked using the Health Canada Intense (HCI) smoking regimen using the details provided in Table B below.

Table B.

The mainstream smoke of each cigarette was analyzed. Five repeated measurements were performed while smoking five cigarettes per replicate. Results were expressed as a percentage change compared to the control.

Example 2A

Cigarettes were prepared from Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose or D-galactose was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control using Blend A was also prepared.

result

Figures 2 and 3 show that cigarettes containing tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose and D-galactose is applied have lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK than the control group. Indicates that it has

Figures 2 and 3 also show that cigarettes containing L-rhamnose and Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of L-arabinose and D-galactose was applied had lower levels of nicotine than the comparative control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT and NAB were greater than the observed reduction for NFDPM in cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose and D-galactose was applied. Reduced to a degree; The level of NNK was reduced to a greater degree than the reduction observed for NFDPM in cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of glucuronic acid, L-rhamnose, and L-arabinose was applied.

Example 2B

Cigarettes were prepared from Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of invert sugar or a 10% solution of invert sugar or L-arabinose was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control using Blend A was also prepared.

result

Figures 4 and 5 show that cigarette blend A to which a 5% solution of invert sugar, a 10% solution of invert sugar, or a 10% solution of L-arabinose is applied was all lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK, and Indicates that you have nicotine

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK were more than the observed reductions for NFDPM in cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend A to which a 5% solution of invert sugar, a 10% solution of invert sugar, or a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied. It has been reduced to a great extent.

Example 2C

Cigarettes were prepared from Tobacco Blend B to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control using Blend B was also prepared.

result

6 and 7 show that cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend B to which a solution of 10% L-arabinose was applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK than the comparative control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK were reduced to a greater extent than the reduction observed for NFDPM in cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend B to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied.

Example 2D

Cigarettes were prepared from Tobacco Blend C to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1. A control was also prepared using Blend C.

result

8 and 9 show that cigarettes containing tobacco blend C to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK than the comparative control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK were reduced to a greater extent than the reduction observed for NFDPM in cigarettes containing tobacco Blend C to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied.

Example 2E

Cigarettes were prepared from Tobacco Blend D to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied as shown in Example 1 and Table 1 above. A control with Blend D was also prepared.

result

10 and 11 show that cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend D to which 10% L-arabinose solution was applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK and nicotine than the comparative control.

In addition, the levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK were reduced to a greater extent than the reduction observed for NFDPM in cigarettes containing Tobacco Blend D to which a 10% solution of L-arabinose was applied.

In order to solve various problems and to advance the technology, the entirety of the present disclosure discloses a smokeable material comprising one or more sugars and/or separated sugars for inclusion in a smoking article in which the claimed invention(s) may be practiced. Illustratively show various embodiments that can provide an excellent process for manufacturing. The advantages and features of the present disclosure are merely those of a representative sample of the embodiments and are not exhaustive and/or exclusive. These are provided only to help understand and teach the claimed features. Advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures, and/or other aspects of the disclosure of the present invention should not be construed as limitations on the disclosure or equivalents of the claims as defined by the claims, and It is to be understood that embodiments may be used, and variations may be made without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the present disclosure. Various embodiments may suitably include, consist of, or consist essentially of various combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, and the like. In addition, the disclosure of the present invention includes other inventions that are not currently claimed, but may be claimed later.

Claims (18)

A method of reducing the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) produced by a smoking article in use comprising applying one or more sugars to a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article. The use of one or more sugars for reducing the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in mainstream smoke produced upon use of a smoking article, wherein the one or more sugars are applied to a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one sugar is arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idos, talos, psicos, fructose, A method or use comprising at least one of sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lixose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, invert sugar and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. The method or use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one sugar is applied as a solution or in particulate form. 5. The method or use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the smokeable substance comprises tobacco. The method or use according to claim 5, wherein one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the at least one sugar is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or Method or use applied in an amount of about 10% (w/w). The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the level of the one or more TSNA is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35% compared to the control smoking article. , At least about 40% or at least about 45%. As a smokeable substance for inclusion in a smoking article, the substance is tobacco, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, gulose, idos, talos, psicos, sorbose, tagatose, A smokeable substance comprising at least one isolated sugar selected from the group consisting of rixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. 10. The smokeable material of claim 9, wherein one or more separate sugars are applied to the cigarette. The smokeable material of claim 10, wherein the one or more separated sugars are applied to the cigarette as a solution or in particulate form. The method of any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the smokeable material is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10%. A smokeable material comprising one or more separated sugars (w/w). As a smokeable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article, the sheet material is a filler, and arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altose, gulose, idos, talos, psicos, sorbose, taga A smokeable sheet material comprising at least one isolated sugar selected from the group consisting of toss, lixos, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof including monosaccharides and disaccharide derivatives. 14. The smokeable sheet material of claim 13, wherein the filler comprises one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filler. A method of making a sheet of smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article, the method comprising preparing, casting and drying a solution or slurry comprising a filler and one or more separated sugars. The smokeable material according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the level of at least one TSNA in the smoke produced upon use of a smoking article comprising a smokeable material or a smokeable sheet material is reduced compared to a control smoking article. Or a smokeable sheet material. A smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to any one of claims 9 to 12 or a smokeable sheet material according to claim 13 or 14. The smoking article of claim 17, wherein the article has a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in mainstream smoke produced upon use of the article.

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