RU2762011C1 - Ship hybrid rotary wind turbine with rotary arc-shaped blades - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the design of an auxiliary ship sailing armament device, namely to ship hybrid rotary wind turbines with rotary arc-shaped blades. The ship’s hybrid rotary wind turbine with rotary arc-shaped blades is the equipment of an auxiliary sailing armament device, which consists of a cylindrical or conical multi-tiered rotor with open ends mounted on a vertical or inclined mast connected along one axis with the stock. The stock rotates in the bearings of the deck steering compartment and the support column, inside which there is a stationary navigation mast. The cylindrical surface of the rotor is formed by standard-sized rotary blades of an arc-shaped profile with adjustable slot gaps between them, installed using axes and bearing bushings between the annular sailyards and the crosspieces.

EFFECT: high energy efficiency is achieved.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The proposed invention of a marine hybrid rotary wind turbine with swiveling arcuate blades relates to the design of an auxiliary ship sailing rig.

The objective of the invention is to create a new highly efficient and safe ship wind turbine to increase the speed of the ship, save fuel and reduce the volume of exhaust gases from ship engines, as well as to improve the ecology of the seas and oceans.

For this, it is supposed to provide the following initial requirements:

- the use of wind energy to reduce fuel consumption when sailing ships;

- lack of energy consumption from the ship's network for the rotation of the wind turbine rotor;

- reduction of harmful emissions during the operation of ship engines;

- complete safety of the use of wind turbines on ships;

- the minimum level of service by the crew of the wind turbine complex;

- full automation of all control processes of the wind turbine complex;

- use of a wide range of wind loads when the vessel is moving;

- high reliability and duplication of all important wind turbine control systems;

- energy efficiency and economic efficiency of using the wind turbine complex;

- compliance with classification requirements and safety standards.

To solve the problem and implement all of the above requirements, the author proposed a new design of the main elements of a rotary wind turbine based on the well-known Flettner rotors and Savonius rotors. The technical novelty of the proposed marine hybrid rotary wind turbine lies in the fact that, in contrast to the continuous smooth cylindrical surface of the Flettner rotor, in the proposed version, the rotor is a multi-tier structure open from the ends of standard arcuate rotary blades. And the cylindrical surface of the rotor is formed by numerous arcuate rotary blades with adjustable slotted gaps between them. At the same time, the proposed new type of rotor does not require, as for the Flettner rotor, an external marine power source and a drive for its rotation. In the proposed version, the required torque for rotation occurs, as on the Savonius rotor, due to the flow around the blades and the acceleration of the air flow in the slot-like nozzles between them. While the ship is underway, when the nominal rotor speed is reached, excess torque can be generated and sent to the ship's power grid, and when the ship is at anchor or drifting, it can even operate in the power generator mode. A significant difference between the new type of rotor is also that for the same thrust direction as that of the Flettner rotor, it will have opposite rotation. A constant thrust direction along the course of the vessel when the wind direction changes to the opposite side is provided by a slight turn of all blades, stopping the rotor and changing the direction of its rotation. With a short-term increase in wind, the wind load from the rotor can be smoothly reduced by turning the blades and changing the slot gaps between them, and with a significant increase in wind, due to the complete overlap of the slot gaps between the blades of the upper tier of the rotor. In this case, the upper part of the wind turbine will create an effort in the Flettner rotating rotor mode with a restoring moment directed in the opposite direction from the heeling moment of all the lower tiers of the wind turbine. During a storm, the wind load from the wind turbine can be reduced many times by stopping the rotation of the rotor with the braking device and turning all the blades along the wind flow.

Structurally, a new type of rotary wind turbine can be in the form of an elongated cylinder with rectangular blades or a truncated cone with trapezoidal blades. Cylindrical wind turbines can be used mainly on large transport ships, cruise ships, ferries, research and other vessels, and cone-shaped mainly on medium and small vessels. The basic design of a hybrid rotary multi-tiered cone-type wind turbine is similar in design to a cylindrical wind turbine. The main difference is the shape and size of the parts, which form the rotor shape in the form of a truncated cone. The main advantage of cone-type wind turbines is the ability to create a wider range of sizes, which is important for a wide variety of small-sized vessels.

A possible variant of the arrangement of multi-tiered cylindrical wind turbines on the upper deck of a ship for the carriage of bulk cargo is shown in figure 1.

The basic design of a hybrid rotary multi-tiered wind turbine with rotary arcuate blades is clearly shown in the longitudinal section of figure 2. The main elements of the proposed wind turbine are a rotating cone-shaped vertical tubular mast (6) made of aluminum alloy, connected by a flange connection (10) with a tubular steel stock (11), which located in a closed deck platform (16) with a high support column (12). The stock rotates in the lower angular contact (17) and upper radial bearings (20). In the lower part of the stock there is a gear pair (14) for transmitting torque through a reverse gear (19) to an electric generator (13). Inside the rotating mast and stock there is a stationary navigation mast (4), mechanically fixed on the deck of the ship, with cables of signal lights and navigation devices passing through it. On the outer surface of the rotating mast, there are several tiers of streamlined aluminum spreaders (7) connected to flat annular yards (2) made of lightweight composite panels. Between the yards, identical-sized rotary blades (8) made of lightweight high-strength composite materials are installed using axes (3) and bearing bushings (5). All axes of the lower tiers of the turning blades, except for the upper tier, are fastened together. Electric drives (9) are installed under the lower end beam along the axis of the vertical hitch of all lower blades, which ensure their rotation and installation in the desired position according to a given automatic control program. Electric drives (1) are installed above the upper deck, which rotate and set the blades in the desired position only for the upper deck. All blade drives are supplied with individual control electrical cables through a closed rotating contact collector (15) at the bottom end of the stock. To fix the rotation of the rotor, a disc braking device (18) is installed under the toothed pair of the stock. To the important nodes of the wind turbine mast top that require monitoring and preventive maintenance, a safe lifting is provided with the help of a mechanized halyard device. The rotating rotor mast and the stationary navigation mast are prefabricated for transport in standard containers. As the cost decreases and the reliability of flexible solar panels increases (21), it seems promising to install them on the outer smooth cylindrical surface of the blades of the proposed new type of wind turbine, as an additional source of electricity during daylight hours.

The functional transformations of the wind turbine due to the rotation of the arcuate blades are shown in figures 3, 4, 5 and 6. The location of the wind turbine rotor blades during the ship's starboard tack to the apparent wind is shown in figure 3, on the port tack in figure 4, and at maximum wind load release in figure 5. Installation of the blades with the formation of a smooth cylindrical surface is shown in figure 6. The presented images of figures 1-6 show the general idea of the proposed hybrid rotary multi-tiered wind turbine of a cylindrical shape with rotary arcuate blades, its peculiarity and technical novelty, but without detailed detailing of all structural units.

The proposed design of ship hybrid rotary wind turbines ensures that all the initial requirements are met, and the analysis of the possibility of their use on ships additionally provides the following obvious technical and operational advantages:

- ease of installation without changing the structure of the ship's hull;

- simplicity of design and manufacturing technology of arcuate blades;

- fast automatic control of all modes and wind load shedding;

- improves the controllability of the vessel on the move;

- reduces the amplitude of the ship's side roll;

- the possibility of equipping ships with wind turbines of maximum dimensions;

- emergency running of the vessel with the engine off;

- can turn the vessel in thruster mode;

- work in the mode of a wind generator when anchored or when the vessel is drifting;

- protects all rotating units and electrical equipment in a closed deck space;

- protects high-mounted lightweight wind turbine structures in stormy conditions;

- creates a minimum noise level when the rotor rotates;

- installation of navigation lights and navigation devices on the top of the mast;

- installation of floodlights for deck lighting on the tops of the tambuchin columns;

- installation of flexible solar panels on the outer surface of the blades;

- access to important units of the wind turbine at the top of the mast;

- maintainability and the ability to replace individual elements;

- creates the entire range of wind turbines with standard parts and assemblies;

- contributes to the fulfillment of stringent requirements for harmful ship emissions into the atmosphere;

- the possibility of container delivery of disassembled wind turbines to the assembly site;

- high export potential due to the lack of foreign analogues;

- the possibility of using the proposed highly efficient hybrid rotary wind turbines for various types of ships.

Taking into account the novelty of the wind turbine, it is proposed to give it a name - a marine hybrid rotary wind turbine with rotary arcuate blades.

It is assumed that after the development of technical documentation, the manufacture of prototypes of wind turbines, control systems and software, as well as the necessary tests and development of the technological process of their production, applications for international patents will be formulated and submitted.

The proposed design of a marine hybrid rotary wind turbine with rotary arcuate blades is highly energy efficient and can become the basis for creating modern production of new types of ship equipment, control systems and advanced technologies, which will provide a monopoly launch of unique highly competitive products protected by international patents on the world market.

Claims (1)

A marine hybrid rotary wind turbine with rotary arcuate blades is a construction of an auxiliary sail rig consisting of a cylindrical or conical multi-tier rotor with open ends mounted on a vertical or inclined mast connected along one axis with a stock, which rotates in the bearings of the deck platform and support a column, inside which there is a stationary navigation mast, while the cylindrical surface of the rotor is formed by standard-sized rotary blades of an arcuate profile with adjustable slot gaps between them, installed using axles and bearing bushings between the annular yards and spreaders, characterized in that there is no an external ship power source and a drive for its rotation are required, and the necessary torque arises due to the flow around the blades and the acceleration of the air flow in the slot-like nozzles between them, and while the ship is moving when reaching nominal rotor speed, excess torque on the stock can be generated through the gear pair, reverse gear and generator and sent to the ship's power grid, while the constant thrust direction along the ship's course when the wind direction changes to the opposite side is ensured by turning all the blades, stopping the rotor, and by changing the direction of its rotation, and with a short-term increase in the wind, the heeling moment of the lateral forces of the rotating rotor can be reduced by turning the blades and changing the size of the slot gaps between them, and with a significant increase in the wind due to the complete overlap of the slot gaps between the blades of the upper tier of the rotor, while the upper part of the wind turbine will create a force with a restoring moment directed in the opposite direction from the heeling moment of the lower tiers of the wind turbine, and during a storm, the wind load from the wind turbine can be reduced many times by stopping the rotation of the rotor with a braking device and turning all blades along the wind flow with the help of electric drives for turning the vertical axes of the blades installed under the lower yard and above the upper yard, and for the possibility of transportation in standard containers, the rotating rotor mast and stationary navigation mast have a modular design, in addition, to increase the energy efficiency of the wind turbine during daylight hours flexible solar panels can be installed on the outer surfaces of the blades.

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