RU2761305C1 - Method for controlling the operations of flushing of parts in a galvanic line made in a single-level layout - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electroplating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electroplating. The method includes placing in the technological sequence of process baths and washing baths for preliminary, main and post-processing operations, the effluents of which are fed to the treatment plant, and the washing operations are carried out by submersible and jet methods, and water is supplied to the immersion washing baths through electromagnetic valves controlled by a relay time, taking into account the required technological exchange rate in them or the value of the washing criterion for a specific operation, while the washing of the parts in each operation is sequentially carried out in one jet-dynamic washing bath and in the immersion washing bath, the drainage of water from which is carried out into its overflow pocket, or connected through a mechanical cleaning filter with an intermediate tank equipped with an overflow pipe, a drain valve and a pump, the outlet of which through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter is connected to a manifold for jet washing installed in the jet- dynamic flushing, equipped with a branch pipe for draining water contaminated with the main component to be washed through a ball valve, or equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which, through a control valve and a mechanical filter, is connected to a manifold for jet flushing, installed in a jet-dynamic flushing bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a branch pipe for draining water contaminated with the main component to be washed through a mechanical filter and a ball valve, in this case, the outlets of the ball valve of the jet-dynamic washing bath, depending on the type of the process bath and the processing stage, are connected, respectively, to an intermediate tank installed next to the process bath, and through an intermediate container installed next to the jet-dynamic washing bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, with pump inlet, the outlet of which, through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter, is connected to a manifold for jet flushing, installed in the process bath of the corresponding operation, the overflow pocket of which is equipped with a drain pipe connected to an intermediate tank equipped with an overflow pipe and through a drain valve connected to the pump, the outlet of which through the filtering unit and the control valve is connected to the process bath, or to the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which through the control valve and the mechanical cleaning filter is connected to the manifold for jet flushing, installed in the process bath of the corresponding operation, the overflow pocket of which is equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain pipe connected through the drain valve to the pump, the outlet of which through the filtering unit and/or the control valve is connected to the process bath, with an intermediate tank equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve connected to a pump, the outlet of which is connected through a control valve to the process bath and to an intermediate tank equipped with an overflow pipe, and through drain valve with pump, the outlet of which through a control valve is connected to the jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath, or to the pump inlet, the output of which is connected to the inlet of a three-way ball valve, one of the outputs of which is connected to the jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath , and the second through a mechanical cleaning filter - with a jet washing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process bath.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at reducing the consumption of clean water and wastewater entering the treatment plant, the time for washing parts, increasing the efficiency of the latter and expanding their functional and technological capabilities and galvanic lines in general.

10 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for implementing the structure of operating modules and structures of baths, both made and designed in a single-level layout of lines for applying electroplating and chemical coatings, as well as controlling the supply of water to their washing baths and can be used both when upgrading existing galvanic lines, as well as and developed, both with a manual or mechanized method of moving devices with parts, and automatic, operating in a low-drainage mode,

There are widely known methods of implementing the structure of operating modules and designs of baths made in a single-level layout of lines for applying galvanic and chemical coatings, including placing in the technological sequence of galvanic baths operating modules of preliminary, main and post-processing, the drains of which are arranged according to the type of wastewater: acid-base, chromium and cyanide entering the treatment plant from washing baths, operations in which are carried out by submersible, jet and / or combined methods, and water is supplied to them through manual valves or electromagnetic valves, taking into account the required technological exchange rate in them or the value of the washing criterion for specific operation [1].

The disadvantages of these methods are:

- the absence of a relationship between the moments of loading the washing baths by immersion with parts and the beginning and duration of water supply to the latter, which leads to an unproductive consumption of water, in particular in conditions of multi-product and small-scale production with a stochastic nature of the arrival of parts for processing, especially in conditions of a multi-process galvanic line;

- a relatively large consumption of water used in the implementation of the jet washing operation, since the water jets are supplied to the entire surface of the parts loaded into the jet washing bath, which are in a static position, which, in turn, leads to an increased volume of wastewater sent to the treatment plant ;

- artificially, in connection with the above, the increased capacity of the necessary centralized treatment facilities (DSP), due to the required water change rate in the immersion rinsing baths (1-2 volumes per hour) required by the technology, without interrelation with the actual loading of specific baths of the operating modules of the galvanic line details;

- underestimated productivity of the galvanochemical treatment line due to the need for a relatively long (about 1-2 minutes) finding of parts in each washing bath by the immersion method with a two- or three-stage washing scheme;

- relatively limited functional and technological capabilities of structures, in particular, process baths, which do not allow or make it difficult to clean the surfaces of parts and / or their electrolytes directly in the process bath, etc.

The closest to the proposed in technical essence and the achieved result, the known solution, selected as a prototype, is a method for implementing the structure of operating modules and bath designs made in a single-level layout of lines for applying electroplating and chemical coatings, including placing in the technological sequence of galvanic baths of operating modules preliminary, main and post-treatment, the effluents of which are arranged according to the type of wastewater: acid-alkaline, chromium and cyanide, entering the treatment plant from washing baths, operations in which are carried out by combined submersible and jet methods, the water supply to which is carried out through electromagnetic valves controlled from time relay, taking into account the required technological frequency of water exchange in them or the value of the flushing criterion for a specific operation [2].

The disadvantage of the known method, chosen as a prototype, is the lack of relationship between the processing time of parts in the process baths of the corresponding operating modules and the moments of loading their washing baths by immersion with parts and the beginning and duration of water supply to the latter, which leads to unproductive water consumption, in particular under conditions multi-product and small-scale production with a stochastic nature of the receipt of parts for processing, especially in a multi-process galvanic line, which, given the technological requirement of changing water in volumetric washing baths of 1-2 volumes per hour and an average number of such baths in the line - 4-6, leads to a significant and ineffective load on wastewater treatment plants, the requirements of significant capacity of the latter and increased loss of valuable electrolyte components.

Another disadvantage of the known method, chosen as a prototype, is the underestimated productivity of the galvanochemical treatment line due to the need for a relatively long (about 1-2 minutes) finding of parts in each washing bath by the immersion method, in particular, when using a two- or three-stage washing scheme.

Another disadvantage of the known method, chosen as a prototype, is its relatively limited functional and technological capabilities, in particular, process baths, which do not allow or make it difficult to clean the surfaces of parts and / or electrolytes directly in the process bath, etc.

The new technical result consists in reducing the consumption of clean water and wastewater entering the treatment plant, the time for washing parts in each of the operating modules, increasing the efficiency of the latter and expanding their functional and technological capabilities and galvanic lines, in general.

The new technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of implementing the structure of operating modules and bath structures made in a single-level layout of the galvanic line and control of the water supply to their washing baths, including the placement in the technological sequence of galvanic baths of operating modules of preliminary, main and post-processing, the drains of which are arranged by the type of wastewater: acid-alkaline, chromium and cyanide, entering the treatment plant from washing baths, operations in which are carried out by immersion and jet methods, water is supplied to their washing baths through electromagnetic valves controlled by a time relay, taking into account the necessary technological the frequency of exchange in them or the values of the washing criterion for a particular operation, according to the invention, the washing of parts in each of the operating modules of the galvanic line is sequentially carried out in at least one bath of jet-dynamic washing and in no immersion rinsing in cold and / or hot water, and the water from the immersion rinsing bath in each of the operating modules is drained into its overflow pocket, connected either directly or through a mechanical filter with an intermediate tank equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve and installed under or next to the bath, or only in its at least one, overflow pocket equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, the outputs of which are connected to the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which, through a control valve and / or a mechanical cleaning filter, is connected to a manifold for jet washing, installed in a jet-dynamic washing bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and / or a drain pipe, the drainage of water contaminated with the main component to be washed from which is carried out, directly or through a mechanical filter, through a ball valve, the outlets or outlet of which, depending on the type process bath - with heating of its processing medium or without of this, the stage of pretreatment - etching and / or activation, are connected, respectively:

- either directly with an intermediate vessel installed under or next to the process bath and / or through an intermediate vessel equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, installed under or next to the dynamic jet washing bath, or directly, with the pump inlet, the outlet of which, directly or through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter, connected to a manifold for jet flushing, installed in the process bath of the corresponding operating module, at least one, the overflow pocket of which is equipped with an overflow pipe and / or a drain pipe connected directly or through a drain valve, either with an intermediate tank installed under or next to it and equipped with an overflow pipe and, through a drain valve connected to a pump, the outlet of which, directly or through a filter unit and a control valve, is connected to the process bath, or directly to a pump, the outlet of which, directly or via phil a heating unit and / or a control valve connected to the process bath;

- either with an intermediate tank of the process bath, installed under or next to the latter and equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which, through a control valve and / or filter unit, is connected to the process bath, or directly to the inlet pump, the outlet of which, directly or through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter, is connected to the manifold for jet flushing, installed in the overflow pocket of the process bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and / or a drain pipe connected through a drain valve to the pump inlet, the outlet of which, through the control valve and / or the filter unit is connected to the process bath;

- either with an intermediate tank installed under or next to the process bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve connected to a pump, the outlet of which, through a control valve, is connected to the process bath and to an intermediate tank located under or next to the dynamic jet bath flushing and equipped with an overflow pipe and, through a drain valve, with a pump, the outlet of which, through a control valve, is connected to the jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath, or directly to a pump connected to the inlet of a three-way ball valve, one of the outputs which is connected to the jet washing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath, and the second through a mechanical cleaning filter or directly to the jet washing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve connected to the pump, the outlet of which , through a control valve, connected to the process bath, while the supply of clean water to the immersion rinsing bath in a specific operating module is carried out for a predetermined time with a predetermined specific water consumption in accordance with the technological requirements for this operation, and the beginning of water supply to the baths Immersion washings in a specific operating module are performed on a signal from its loading sensor or line operator for a time value set on a timer to control the time of water supply and control the activation of the solenoid valve to supply the latter.

As a load sensor, depending on the type of galvanic line - with an automatic or manual / mechanized way of moving devices with parts, either the load sensor of the bath of jet-dynamic washing and / or washing by immersion of the corresponding operating module, or a button / pedal, is used, installed on the drain next to any of these baths.

And distilled, demineralized or deionized water is used as pure water, at least for the operations of washing parts during the main treatment (coating) and / or cleaning the inner surface of the jet-forming elements.

Moreover, water is supplied to the collectors for jet flushing through check valves installed on one side of the collector, to the opposite side of which a ball or electromagnetic valve is connected to supply a cleaning medium, which is used as distilled water and / or compressed air.

And when washing parts in the operating module for degreasing, at least the intermediate container located under the jet-dynamic washing bath, or the latter itself in its lower part, is equipped with washing liquid heaters, or after the process bath, a bath with a combined washing method is used - immersion in a hot water and jet, including connected to a pump for supplying hot water to the manifold for jet-dynamic washing of parts during their unloading from the degreasing bath.

In addition, the settings for the time of water supply to the immersion baths, depending on the type of the operating module - preliminary, main and post-processing, are determined from the ratio:

where: T _{Pr.V., j, i} is the processing time of parts in a process bath of the j-th type of the operating module of the i-th name, involved in one cycle of parts processing, min., i = l, 2, 3, 4, j = 1, 2, 3, 4 (for the 1st ОМ line, i = 1, at Т _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} << Т _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} ),

where: T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} - the duration of processing of parts in the degreasing bath;

T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} - the duration of the processing of parts in the etching bath;

n _{Ave. V., j, i} - the number of process baths of the j-th type in the operating module of the i-th name involved in one cycle of parts processing, n _{Ave. V., i} = 1, 2, 3, ...;

T _{VSP, i} - time of jet-dynamic flushing (essence, unloading or moving parts), min., T _{VSP, i} ≈ 0.1-0.2 min. for pendants and ≈ 1-2 min. for perforated drums;

n _{VSP., i} is the number of jet washing baths in the operating module of the i-th name involved in one cycle of parts processing, n _{Avenue V., i} = 1, 2;

T _{mouth WFP, i} ; - the duration of the setting for the water supply to the washing bath by the immersion method (WFP) of the operating module of the i-th designation, min.

Moreover, in the case:

T. _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} ≈ T. _{Ave. V OBKH (ECHO)} .

the operational module of preliminary processing is divided (i = 1) into two separate ones: degreasing and etching, with its own water supply system, where: T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} - the duration of processing parts in the degreasing bath;

T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} - the duration of processing of parts in the etching bath.

In the overflow pockets of the process baths for coating, there are filtering devices, which are used as submersible electrochemical modules or selective electrolyzers.

And intermediate tanks installed under or next to the baths, baths of jet-dynamic flushing and overflow pockets of baths connected through drain valves with pumps are equipped with liquid level indicators in them, which are used as and / or flow switches installed at the pump outputs or pressure sensors to prevent the pumps from starting at idle speed.

In addition, when cleaning the surfaces of parts in an immersion rinsing bath in each of the operating modules, while mixing water in it by bubbling, compressed air is supplied to its bubbler according to a signal from a load sensor or a line operator during the duration of exposure of parts in the immersion rinsing bath and , in the case of a manual / mechanized method of moving devices, the duration of their processing in a jet-dynamic washing bath installed on a timer to control the time of supplying compressed air for bubbling and controlling the process of the latter and is carried out by turning on an oil-free blower directly or through a mechanical air filter, in including using the air from the street.

Comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype shows that the proposed method allows:

- to reduce (up to several times) the water consumption and the volume of wastewater entering the treatment plant and to reduce the loss of valuable electrolyte components, in particular, in the conditions of multi-product and small-scale production with a stochastic nature of the receipt of parts for processing, especially in the conditions of a multi-process galvanic line, due to the implementation the relationship between the duration of the processing of parts in the process baths of the corresponding operating modules and the moments of loading their washing baths by immersion with parts and the beginning and duration of water supply to the latter, as well as by organizing the counter-flow of water;

- to reduce (two or three times) the time for washing parts in each of the operating modules, by eliminating the use of only the immersion method in a two- or three-stage washing scheme for parts;

- to expand the functional and technological capabilities of operating modules and galvanic lines, in general, by ensuring the possibility of their implementation with the use of intermediate containers or without them, cleaning the surfaces of parts and / or electrolytes directly in the process bath at different positions of the rod with a device with the processed parts in baths - parallel or perpendicular to the direction of its movement along the line and / or the number of adjacent electrochemical processing baths used;

- to increase the efficiency of the operation of the operating modules of the galvanic line, in general, by reducing energy and water consumption both when supplying water and when mixing it, as well as by optimizing the used design and technological solutions of baths, etc.

Thus, the claimed method meets the criterion of the invention "novelty".

Comparison of the proposed technical solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this and related fields of technology showed that there are known ways to implement the structure of operating modules and bath designs made in a two-level layout of lines for applying galvanic and chemical coatings, including placement in the technological sequence galvanic baths of operating modules of preliminary, main and post-processing, operations in which are carried out by jet and immersion methods, and the drainage of wash water and used electrolytes / solutions is carried out into tanks and storage tanks located under the baths, equipped with pumps for returning the processing media to the technological process [3 , 4].

However, firstly, the known methods are intended to be used only at the design stage of new galvanic lines, and their use for galvanic lines made in a single-level layout, given the low height of the baths relative to the floor of the galvanic shop, is usually no higher than 0.4-0 , 5 m, and the volumes of the waste water and technological solutions discharged into the tanks, almost completely excludes their use in this case.

In addition, the proposed technical solution is aimed at reducing energy consumption and when mixing water in washing baths, as well as optimizing the design and technological solutions used, both process baths, and jet-dynamic and immersion washing baths.

This allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) for degreasing parts on hangers (in this case) using intermediate containers.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the OM for degreasing parts on hangers (in this case) without the use of intermediate containers.

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) for etching / activating parts on suspensions (in this case) when using intermediate containers.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) for etching / activating parts on pendants (in this case) without the use of intermediate containers.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) of parts on pendants (in this case) with a process bath without heating its processing medium (galvanizing, cadmium plating, etc.) when using intermediate containers.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) of parts on pendants (in this case) with a process bath without heating its processing medium (galvanizing, cadmium plating, etc.) without using intermediate containers.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of the operating module (OM) of parts on suspensions (in this case) with a process bath with heating of its processing medium (nickel plating, chromium plating, etc.) using intermediate tanks and a three-stage washing system (2-jet method, 1 - submersible method).

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) of parts on suspensions (in this case) with a process bath with heating of its processing medium (nickel plating, chromium plating, etc.) without the use of intermediate containers and with a three-stage washing system (2-jet method, 1 - submersible method).

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of an operating module (OM) of parts on suspensions (in this case) with a process bath with heating of its processing medium (nickel plating, chromium plating, etc.) without the use of intermediate containers and with a four-stage washing system (3-jet method, 1 - submersible method).

FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of the control of the supply of water and compressed air to the operating units of pretreatment, in this case, with:

T. _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} << T. _{Ave. V OBKH (ECHO).}

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of the control of the supply of water and compressed air in the operating module of the main treatment (coating) and / or in the case of:

T. _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} ≈ T. _{Ave. V OBKH (ECHO)} .

Any galvanic line includes at least OM of degreasing, etching and / or activation and basic treatment (coating).

The composition of the OM degreasing includes at least one process bath 1 for degreasing, equipped with heaters (not indicated in Figs. 1, 2), a collector (not indicated in Figs. 1, 2) for blowing off foam from the surface of the bath mirror, collectors 2 for jet flushing and an overflow pocket 3 equipped with a manifold 4 for jet destructuring of foam, at least one bath 5 of jet-dynamic flushing (VSPP) with manifolds 6 for jet flushing and a bath 7 for washing parts by the submerged method with an overflow pocket 8 and a bubbler (in Fig. 1, 2 is not indicated), the supply of clean water to which, as well as to the degreasing bath 1, is carried out through shut-off and control valves (not indicated in Figs. 1, 2), and the supply of distilled water to collectors 2 and 6 is carried out through shut-off and control valves valves or solenoid valves (not indicated in Figs. 1, 2).

At the same time, in the case of an existing galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop, about 0.4-0.5 m, the water is drained from the bath 7 of the immersion washing bath 7 for degreasing OM, however, as well as from the immersion washing bath of any other the operating module of the galvanic line is carried out through its overflow pocket 8, the outlet of which is directly or through a mechanical cleaning filter (not indicated in Fig. 1), into an intermediate container 9 installed under or next to the bath 7, equipped with a drain valve (in Fig. 1 not indicated), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 10, the outlet of which, through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 1), is connected to the collectors 6 installed in the bath 5, draining the water contaminated with the main washed component from which is carried out through a ball valve 11, the first outlet of which is connected to an intermediate container 12 installed under or next to the bath 3, equipped with a drain th valve (not indicated in Fig. 1), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the filter installation 13, the outlet of which, through a control valve (in Fig. 1 is not indicated), is connected to the bath 3, and the second outlet of the ball valve 11 is connected to an intermediate container 14 installed under or next to the bath 5, equipped with a heater and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 1), the outlet of the latter of which is connected to the inlet pump 15, the outlet of which, through a control valve, a mechanical cleaning filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 1), is connected to the manifolds 2 installed in the bath 3 to implement the process of jet-dynamic washing of parts when they are unloaded from the bath 3.

At the same time, intermediate tanks 9, 12 and 14 are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 1) connected to a pipeline for supplying acid-alkaline effluents to centralized treatment facilities (DSP).

And as devices for protection against starting pumps 10, 15 and the pump as part of the filter installation 13 at idle, float level indicators with electrical contacts (not indicated in Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7) can be used, or installed at the pump outputs, flow switches or pressure sensors (not shown in Figs. 2, 4, 6, 8, 9), ensuring that they cannot be switched on when the liquid level drops below the level required for the operation of the pumps.

In addition, when washing parts in a degreasing OM, after process bath 1, before VSPP 5 or VPP7, you can use a bath with a combined washing method - immersion in hot water and jet, including one connected to a pump 15 for supplying hot water to the collector 2 for jet-dynamic washing of parts during their unloading from the bath 1.

In the case of the projected galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop, of the order of 0.1-0.2 m, the water from the bath 7 is drained into at least one overflow pocket 8, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 2), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 10, the outlet of which, in turn, through a control valve, a mechanical cleaning filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 2), is connected to the manifolds 6 for jet flushing installed in the bath 5, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain pipe, through a drain valve connected to the pump 15, the outlet of which, through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 2), is connected to the manifolds 2 for jet washing, installed in the bath 1, the overflow pocket 3 of which is equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 2), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the filter installation 13, you the course of which, through the control valve (in Fig. 1 not marked), connected to a bath 3.

At the same time, the overflow pockets 3 and 8 of the baths 1 and 7, as well as the body of the VSPP 5 are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 2) connected to the pipeline for supplying acid-alkaline effluents to the DSP.

The composition of the OM following the processing technology - etching / activation of parts includes at least one process bath 16 for etching / activation and an overflow pocket 17 with drain valves (not indicated in Figs. 3, 4), at least one bath 18 of jet-dynamic flushing with manifolds 19 for jet flushing and a bath 20 for flushing parts by the submerged method with an overflow pocket 21 and a bubbler (not indicated in Figs. 3, 4), the supply of clean water to which, as well as to the etching / activation bath 16, is carried out through shut-off-regulating valves (in Fig. 3, 4 are not indicated), and the supply of distilled water to the manifolds 19 is carried out through shut-off valves or solenoid valves (in Fig. 3, 4 are not indicated).

In the case of an existing galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop, ≥0.4-0.5 m, drainage of water from the bath 20 of immersion washing with the etching / activation OM, however, as well as from the immersion washing bath of any other operating room. the galvanic line module is carried out through its overflow pocket 21, the outlet of which directly or through a mechanical cleaning filter (not indicated in Fig. 3), into an intermediate container 22 installed under or next to the bath 20, equipped with a drain valve (in Fig. 3, not indicated) the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 23, the outlet of which (in this case), through a control valve and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 3), is connected to the collectors 19 installed in the bath 18, draining the water contaminated with the main washed component from which is carried out through a ball valve 24, the first outlet of which is connected to an intermediate container 25 installed under or next to the bath 16, equipped with a drain valve (on fig. 3 is not indicated), the outlet of which is connected (in this case) to the inlet of the pump 26, the outlet of which, through a control valve (not indicated in Fig. 3), is connected to the bath 16, and the second outlet of the ball valve 24 is connected to the installed under or near with a bath 18, an intermediate tank 27, equipped with a drain valve (not shown in Fig. 3), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 28, the outlet of which, through a control valve (not shown in Fig. 3), is connected to the manifold 4 (see Fig. . 1), installed in the overflow pocket 3 of the bath 1, for jet destructuring of the foam previously poured into the pocket 3 of the bath 1 in the process of processing in the last parts.

At the same time, intermediate tanks 22, 25 and 27 are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 3) connected to a pipeline for supplying acid-alkaline effluents to centralized treatment facilities (DSP).

In the case of the projected galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop, of the order of 0.1-0.2 m, the water from the bath 20 is drained into at least one overflow pocket 21 equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 23, the outlet of which, in turn, through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), is connected to the manifolds 19 for jet washing installed in the bath 18, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain pipe, through a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 4) connected to a pump 28, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a three-way ball valve 29, the first outlet of which, through a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), connected to the manifolds 30 for jet flushing, installed in the overflow pocket 17 of the bath 16, the overflow pocket 17 of which is equipped with an overflow pipe and drain valve (in Fig. 4 are not indicated), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 26, the outlet of which, through a control valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), is connected to the bath 16, and the second outlet of the ball valve 29, through a control valve (not shown in Fig. 4 ), connected to the collector 4 installed in the overflow pocket 3 of the bath 1, for jet destructuring of the foam previously poured into the pocket 3 of the bath 1 during processing in the last given batch of parts (see Fig. 2).

In this case, the overflow pockets 17 and 21 of the baths 16 and 20, as well as the body of the VSPP 18 are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 2) connected to the pipeline for supplying acid-base wastewater to the DSP.

Further, according to the technology, in the composition of the galvanic line, OM of the main processing is used - coatings, for example, zinc or cadmium plating.

In this case, the composition of the OM of zinc / cadmium plating of parts includes at least one process bath 31 of zinc / cadmium plating with an overflow pocket 32 with drain valves (not indicated in Figs. 5, 6), at least one bath 33 of jet-dynamic washing with manifolds 34 for jet washing and a bath 35 for washing parts by the immersion method with an overflow pocket 36 and a bubbler (not indicated in Figs. 5, 6), the supply of distilled (in this case) water to which, as well as to the bath 31 of zinc / cadmium plating, is carried out through shut-off and control valves (not indicated in Figs. 5, 6), and into the manifolds 34 through a shut-off and control valve or solenoid valve (not indicated in Figs. 5, 6).

At the same time, in the case of an existing galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop ≥0.4-0.5 m, the water is drained from the bath 35 of immersion rinsing OM of zinc / cadmium plating, however, as well as from the bath of rinsing by immersion of any another operating module of the galvanic line is carried out through its overflow pocket 36, the outlet of which directly or through a mechanical cleaning filter (not indicated in Fig. 5), into an intermediate container 37 installed under or next to the bath 35, equipped with a drain valve (in Fig. 5 not indicated) the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 38, the outlet of which (in this case), through a control valve and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 5), is connected to the manifolds 34 installed in the bath 33, draining the contaminated main component to be washed water from which is carried out directly or through a ball valve (not indicated in Fig. 5) into an intermediate container 39 installed under or next to the baths 31 and 33, equipped with a drain valve (in Fig. 5 is not indicated), the outlet of which is connected (in this case) with the inlet of the pump 40, the outlet of which is connected to a selective electrolyzer 41 of a flow-through (in this case) type, the outlet of which, through a three-way ball valve 42, is connected to an intermediate tank 39 and a bath 31 ...

At the same time, intermediate tanks 37 and 39 are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 5) connected to a pipeline for supplying acid-base or cyanide effluents to the DSP.

In the case of the projected galvanic line and / or the height of the location of its baths relative to the floor of the electroplating shop, of the order of 0.1-0.2 m, the water from the bath 35 is drained into at least one overflow pocket 36 equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 6), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pump 38, the outlet of which, in turn, through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 6), is connected to the manifolds 34 for jet washing, installed in a bath 33, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain pipe, through a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 6) connected to a pump 43, the outlet of which is connected (in this case) through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 6), with manifolds 44 for jet flushing, installed in the overflow pocket 32 of the bath 31, the overflow pocket 32 of which is equipped with a submersible electrochemical module, overflow pipes oh and drain valve (in Fig. 6 are not indicated), the outlet of the latter is connected to the inlet of the pump 40, the outlet of which, through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter (not indicated in Fig. 6), is connected to the bath 31.

Overflow pockets 32 and 36 of baths 31 and 35, as well as the body of the VSPP 33, are equipped with overflow pipes (not indicated in Fig. 6) connected to a pipeline for supplying acid-base or cyanide effluents to the DSP.

As examples of other base treatment PMs - coatings, FIG. 7-9 show the structural diagrams of OM nickel plating or chromium plating implemented in the above way, both with a two-stage (see Fig. 7, 8) and three-stage (see Fig. 9) scheme of jet-dynamic washing of parts placed on hangers (in in this case), both when draining acid-alkaline and chromium effluents to the DSP.

It should be noted that the proposed methods for constructing OM circuits, without significant revision of the latter, can also be used when processing parts in perforated drums.

In this case, as elements for the formation of jet streams, elements are used, the jet-forming panels of which contain nozzle holes with a submillimeter diameter of their outlet part.

At the same time, the setting of the necessary parameters for supplying water to the washing baths by immersion of the galvanic line, as well as the functioning of the latter, is as follows.

Before starting work, depending on the processing time of parts in the degreasing and etching baths in the first OM, the possibility of simultaneous or simultaneous supply of clean water to the washing baths of the corresponding OM, respectively, 7 and 20, is determined.

When T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} << T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} use the scheme for supplying pure (in this case) water, shown in Fig. 10, and the setting of the feed time of the latter is selected based on the expression (1) on page 7 with the following input values (see Fig. 1-4):

n _{Ex B, j, i} = 2, T. _{Ex B OBH (ECHO)} = 5-7 min. (in this case, for degreasing),

n _{VSP., 1} = 2; j = 2 (degreasing and etching, in this case);

T _{VSP, 1} = 0.1-0.2 min. (when processing parts on pendants);

T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} = 0.25 min.

Proceeding from this, the setpoint for water supply to baths 7, 20 for washing by immersion of the 1st OM is determined (without taking into account the time of movement of parts from bath to bath) from the ratio (at these values of processing time):

5.45 min ≤ T _{set VPP, 1} ≤ 7.65 min.

The setpoint value is set in timer 45, and the signal to turn it on is produced by a signal from the load sensor (pedal button) of the jet-dynamic flushing bath (VSPR) of the degreasing OM, which, coming through a normally closed contact to the input of timer 45, causes it to close a normally open contact, thereby providing a supply voltage to the solenoid valve 46 and turning it on (the essence of opening) to supply clean water, for a time set on the timer 45, into the pipeline to which the control valves connected to the baths 7 are connected .20 immersion washes.

At the same time, the mixing of water, by bubbling it (in this case) in baths 7 and 20 in the OM for degreasing and etching / activation, is carried out according to signals from their load sensors (pedal buttons) coming through the normally closed contacts of timers 47 and 48 , respectively, to the inputs of the latter, with a predetermined bubbling time (1-2 min.), thereby causing their normally open contacts to close and their normally closed contacts to open, which leads to supply voltage to oil-free blowers 49 and 50, turning on the latter and supplying compressed air for this time.

For the OM of the next galvanic treatment (coating) or in the case of T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} ≈ T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} (etching / activation), the circuit for supplying water and compressed air is used, shown in Fig. eleven.

In this case,

n _{Ex B., j, 2} = 1, T. _{Ex B. Ni} = 25 min. (for example, for nickel plating),

n _{VSP., 2} = 1, 2; j = l (nickel plating, in this case);

T _{VSP., 2} = 0.1-0.2 min. (when processing parts on pendants);

Proceeding from this, the setpoint for water supply to the washing bath by immersion of the 2nd OM-nickel plating is determined (without taking into account the time of movement of parts from the bath to the bath) from the ratio (at these values of the processing time):

25 minutes ≤ T _{set VPP, 1} ≤ 25.4 min.

The setpoint value is set on timer 51, and it is turned on according to a signal from the load sensor (button-pedal) of the jet-dynamic flushing bath (VSPR) of the nickel-plating OM, which, entering through a normally closed contact to the input of timer 51, causes its normal closure. open contact, providing a supply voltage to the solenoid valve 52 and turning it on (the essence of opening) to supply distilled (in this case) water, during the time set on the timer 51, into the pipeline to which the control valve is connected through which water is supplied to bath of immersion washing with OM nickel plating.

After the end of the time set on the timer 51, its normally-open contact is opened and its normally-closed contact closes, which leads to the termination of the supply voltage to the solenoid valve 52, its shutdown (the essence of closing) and the termination of the supply of distilled (in this case) water in a bath of rinsing by immersion of OM nickel plating (in this case).

At the same time, water mixing, by bubbling it (in this case) in the bath for rinsing the parts by immersion in the nickel plating OM (in this case), is carried out by a signal from its load sensor (pedal button), coming through the normally closed contacts of the timer 53 to the input of the latter, with a predetermined bubbling time (1-2 min.), thereby causing its normally open contact to close and its normally closed contact to open, which leads to supply voltage to the oil-free blower 54, turning on the latter and supplying compressed air for this time (see Fig. 11).

After the end of the time set on the timer 53, its normally open contact is opened and its normally closed contact closes, which leads to the termination of the supply voltage to the oil-free blower 54, turning off the latter and stopping the supply of compressed air.

The work performed by the proposed method of the galvanic line is as follows.

In the initial state, before loading the line with parts placed on hangers or in perforated drums, there is no supply of pure water to washing baths 7 and 20, respectively, of degreasing and etching / activation OM, to a washing bath 35 OM of galvanizing and / or an immersion bath. by OM nickel / chrome plating method.

There is also no supply of compressed air for bubbling.

At the same time, in the intermediate tank 9 or the overflow pocket 8 of the bath 7, the intermediate tank 14 or in the VSPD 5 OM for degreasing, as well as in the intermediate tank 22 or the overflow pocket 21 of the tank 20, the intermediate tank 27 or in the VSP 18 OM of etching / activation and in an intermediate tank 37 or an overflow pocket 36 of a bath 35, in a galvanizing / cadmium plating VSPP 33 OM or in intermediate tanks or overflow pockets of immersion rinsing baths, intermediate tanks or VSPDs of other OM, in particular nickel / chromium plating (see Fig. 7-9) , there is water, including possibly contaminated with the main component of the process bath being washed, 1, 16, 31, and / or nickel / chromium plating, respectively, in a volume sufficient to carry out at least one jet-dynamic washing operation.

After the arrival of the first batch of parts in bath 1 and the end of processing in it, when they are unloaded, they are subjected to jet washing, by turning on, at the signal of the operator of the line from the button-pedal, or on the trailing edge of the signal from the load sensor of the bath 1, pump 15, providing, thus, the supply of clean or contaminated with the main washed component of the bath 1 of water into the collectors 2 of the bath 1, either from the tank 14 (see Fig. 1), or directly from the VSPD 5 (see Fig. 2).

In addition, a part of the water supplied for jet washing of parts is supplied to the collector for blowing off foam and impurities (not indicated in Figs. 1, 2), to the overflow pocket 3 of the bath 1.

Further, the parts enter the VSPD 5, when unloading from which they are subjected to jet washing, by turning on, at the signal of the operator of the line from the button-pedal, or from the sensor of its loading (not shown in Fig. 1-11), the VSPD 5, pump 10, providing , thus, the supply of clean or contaminated with the main washed component of the bath 1 of water into the collectors 6 of the VSPP 5, either from the tank 9 (see Fig. 1), or from the overflow pocket 8 of the runway 7 (see Fig. 2).

At the same time, the signal of the line operator from the pedal button, or from the sensor of its load VSPP 5, goes through the normally closed contact of the timer 45 to its control input, which causes the closure of its normally open contact, thereby providing the supply voltage to the solenoid valve 46 (see Fig. 10) and its activation (the essence of the opening) to supply clean water, during the time set on the timer 45, into the pipeline to which the control valves connected to the baths 7, 20 are connected by immersion.

Thus, pure water starts to flow into the degreasing bath 7 OM and where T _{Pr.V trillion (Act)} << T _{Ex. In the OBH (ECHO)} , in the bath 20 OM of etching / activation, thereby ensuring the change of water in the latter and replenishment of its loss in the intermediate containers 9 and 22 or in the overflow pockets 8 and 21.

Then, the parts are moved to the runway 7 OM for degreasing, into which compressed air is supplied at the signal of the line operator from the pedal button, or from the sensor of its load, which comes (see Fig. 10) through the normally closed contacts of the timer 47, to its control input , with a predetermined bubbling time (1-2 min.), thereby causing its normally open contact to close and its normally closed contact to open (for the time of the setting) and turn on the oil-free blower 49.

After rinsing the parts in the bath 7, the parts are moved to the bath 17, where they are etched / activated, for 0.25 minutes. (in this case) after the end of which the parts are subjected to jet-dynamic washing, implemented:

- as directly in the VSPP 18, when unloading from which they are subjected to jet flushing, by turning on, at the signal of the operator of the line from the button-pedal, or from the sensor of its loading (not shown in Fig. 1-11) VSPP 18, pump 23, providing , thus, the supply of clean or contaminated with the main washed component of the bath 16 of water into the collectors 19 of the VSPP 18, either from the tank 22 (see Fig. 3), or from the overflow pocket 21 of the runway 20 (see Fig. 4);

- and in the overflow pocket of the bath 16, the supply of water to the collectors 30 of which for jet washing is carried out (see Fig. 4) from the pump 28 connected directly to the drain valve VSPD 18, from the second outlet of the ball valve 29, the first outlet of which is connected to collector 4, installed in the overflow chamber 3 of the bath 1.

In this case, in the first case, the water from the VSPP 18, through the shut-off ball valve (not indicated in Fig. 3) enters the inlet of the ball valve 24, the first outlet of which is connected to an intermediate container 25 installed under or next to the bath 16, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 3) connected to the pump 26, and the second outlet of the ball valve 24 is connected to an intermediate container 27 installed under or next to the bath 18, equipped with a drain valve (not indicated in Fig. 3), the outlet of which is connected with the inlet of the pump 28, the outlet of which, through a control valve (not shown in Fig. 3), is connected to a manifold 4 installed in the overflow pocket 3 of the bath 1, for jet destructuring of the foam previously poured into the pocket 3 of the bath 1 during processing in the last first (in this case) a batch of parts.

And in the second case, water from the VSPP 18, through a mechanical filter and a shut-off ball valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), flows directly to the inlet of the pump 28, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the ball valve 29, the first outlet of which is connected through a mechanical filter and check valve (not indicated in Fig. 4), with manifolds 30 for jet flushing (additional, in this case) installed in the overflow pocket 17 of the bath 16, and the second outlet of the ball valve 29 is connected to the manifold 4 installed in the overflow pocket 3 baths 1, for jet destructuring of the foam previously poured into the pocket 3 of the bath 1 during processing in the last first (in this case) batch of parts.

Then, the parts are moved to the runway 20 OM etching / activation, into which compressed air is supplied at the signal of the line operator from the pedal button, or from the sensor of its load, which is supplied (see Fig. 10) through the normally closed contacts of the timer 48, to its control input, with a predetermined bubbling time (1-2 min.), thereby causing its normally open contact to close and its normally closed contact to open (for the time of the setting) and turn on the oil-free blower 50.

After the end of the washing of the parts in the bath 20 OM etching / activation, the parts are transferred to the bath of the main coating treatment, for example, galvanizing 31, where they are coated for a predetermined time, for example, within 30-50 minutes, after which the parts are subjected to jet -dynamic flushing, implemented by:

- as directly in the VSPD 33, when unloading from which they are subjected to jet flushing, by turning on, at the signal of the operator of the line from the button-pedal, or from the sensor of its load (not shown in Fig. 1-11) VSPD 33, pump 38, providing , thereby, the supply of clean or contaminated with the main washed component of the bath 31 of water into the collectors 34 of the VSPP 33, either from the tank 37 (see Fig. 5), or from the overflow pocket 36 of the runway 35 (see Fig. 5);

- and in the overflow pocket 32 of the bath 33, the supply of water to the collectors 44 of which for jet washing is carried out (see Fig. 6), through a control valve, a mechanical cleaning filter and a check valve (not indicated in Fig. 6) from the pump 43, connected directly to the drain valve ВСДП 33.

In this case, in the first case, the water from the VSPP 33, through the shut-off ball valve (not indicated in Fig. 5) enters the intermediate container 39 installed under or next to the baths 31, 33, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve (in Fig. 5 not indicated), the outlet of which is connected (in this case) with the inlet of the pump 40, the outlet of which is connected to a selective flow-type electrolyzer 41 (in this case), the outlet of which, through a three-way ball valve 42, is connected to an intermediate tank 39 and a bath 31, which makes it possible to replenish the loss of electrolyte in the bath 31 and to clean it from impurity metals.

And in the second case, water from VSPP 33, through a mechanical filter and a shut-off ball valve (not indicated in Fig. 6), flows directly to the inlet of pump 43, the outlet of which is connected through a control valve, a mechanical filter and a check valve (in Fig. 6 are not indicated), with manifolds 44 for jet flushing (additional, in this case) installed in the overflow pocket 32 of the bath 31, equipped (in this case) with a submersible electrochemical module for cleaning the galvanizing electrolyte (in this case) from impurity metals.

At the same time, the signal of the line operator from the pedal button, or from the load sensor of the VSPP 33, goes through the normally closed contact of the timer 51 to its control input, which causes the closure of its normally open contact, thereby providing the supply voltage to the electromagnetic valve 52 (see Fig. 11) and its inclusion (the essence of opening) to supply distilled (in this case) water, during the time set on the timer 51 (30-50 minutes, in this case), into the pipeline to which connected to a control valve connected to the immersion bath 35.

At the same time, distilled water begins to flow into the galvanizing bath 35 OM, thereby ensuring the change of water in the latter and replenishing its loss in the intermediate container 37 or in the overflow pocket 36 of the bath 35.

Then, the parts are moved to the runway 35 OM of galvanizing, into which compressed air is supplied at the signal of the line operator from the button-pedal, or from the sensor of its load, coming (see Fig. 11) through the normally-closed contact of the timer 53, to its control input , with a predetermined bubbling time (1-2 min.), thereby causing its normally open contact to close and its normally closed contact to open (for the time of the setting) and turn on the oil-free blower 54.

After completing the washing of the parts in the bath 35 OM of galvanizing / cadmium plating, the parts are moved to the drying bath or to the OM of post-processing, the water supply to the washing bath by immersion of which is selected depending on the duration of processing of the parts in its process bath and the type of waste water.

In this case, the supply of water to the washing baths OM for degreasing, etching / activation and zinc / cadmium plating (in this case) is resumed after the 2nd batch of parts arrives in their baths of jet-dynamic washing for a time set on the timer.

Moreover, water, in particular distilled water, begins to be supplied to the bath of immersion by immersion of galvanizing / cadmium plating OM only after the end of the processing time of parts in degreasing, etching / activation OM and the galvanizing / cadmium plating OM process bath.

The essence of the proposed method provides the possibility of supplying flushing water at different times in a particular OM upon request from its VSPP and / or runway.

At the same time, after the end of the processing on the line of the last batch of parts, the collectors for jet washing installed in the corresponding tanks are carried out manually or automatically, through electromagnetic valves, a short-term (about 10-15 seconds) supply of distilled water or compressed air to clean the inner surface of the jet-forming elements.

Thus, the proposed method for implementing the structure of operating modules and bath designs made in a single-level layout of the galvanic line and controlling the water supply to their washing baths allows:

- to several times reduce the unproductive consumption of water, including distilled water used for washing parts by the immersion method, to reduce the volume of waste water and the loss of valuable electrolyte components, especially in conditions of multi-product and small-scale production with a stochastic nature of the receipt of parts for processing and a multi-process galvanic line;

- to reduce by 1-2 times the time of washing operations when using a two- or three-stage washing scheme and to increase the efficiency of the latter when processing complex-profile parts and / or parts in perforated drums;

- to expand the functional and technological capabilities of both process baths, which allow cleaning the surfaces of parts and / or electrolytes directly in the overflow pocket of the process bath, and rinsing baths, overflow pockets of baths by immersion and / or bodies of jet-dynamic washing baths are used as water tanks , used with the help of pumps, for jet-dynamic flushing;

- to reduce the cost of bubbling water in baths for washing by immersion.

In addition, in the presence of an imperfect water distribution system, in order to stabilize the flow rate of water supplied to the immersion baths, it is possible to implement an autonomous water distribution system for each of the operating modules, including one raised above the immersion bath and connected to the main pipeline for water distribution. , a tank equipped with a float level regulator and a shut-off and control valve connected to a solenoid valve controlled by a corresponding timer.

The proposed implementation does not encounter fundamental difficulties.

So, for example, standard time relays can be used as timers, for example, type RV-01-02, with an external start and two contacts: normally closed, used to send a signal from a load sensor or a pedal button and normally open, used to control the supply of water or compressed air.

And as devices for supplying the latter, standard blowers with a specific compressed air consumption of ≥ 0.2-0.3 l / min can be used. for 1 liter of stirred water.

In addition, in some cases, if it is impossible to use compressed air for mixing the processing medium (for example, nickel-plating electrolytes), as well as water in the washing baths, pumps can be used directly, including those with a magnetic coupling, for example, of the Flojet G type. 20/18 for a productivity of 1050 l / h.

At the same time, float level indicators with electrical contacts, or flow switches or pressure sensors installed at the pump outputs, providing the impossibility of turning them on when the liquid level drops below that required for operation, can be used as devices to protect against starting the pumps at idle. level pumps.

Devices and equipment of local automation for monitoring and regulating the parameters of the process of supplying water and compressed air are placed next to the corresponding baths of the OM line, the connection of which with the corresponding sensors, pedal buttons and equipment is carried out directly and / or through devices mounted on brackets for placing electrical communication lines switching.

When using a mechanized or automatic galvanic line, with a parallel, relative to the ladder of the line (essence, direction), movement of devices with parts in galvanic baths, it is possible and advisable to use a crane beam with a corresponding, staggered, in this case, movement of its carriage with load-carrying devices with parts between the rod catchers of the devices of the corresponding baths, while the jet-dynamic flushing in a specific operating module is carried out in a separate bath located behind the process bath and / or behind the bath for immersion rinsing or in their overflow pockets, which allows up to 2 and reduce the length of the galvanic line more times, with an increase in its dimensions in width by an amount equal to the width of the processed parts / devices + 100-200 mm.

In addition, to remove toxic vapors from the process baths, it is also possible and advisable to use a step-by-step method and equipment for its implementation, including, for example, vertical scrubbers and / or vapor condensation devices, with the latter returning through intermediate tanks or directly into the process baths.

And the lining, made, for example, of the metal of tanks tanks and their horizontal sides, is carried out with a welding unit of the "Triak-S" type, using a welding rod and sheets of the corresponding lining material (polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) used in the manufacture of intermediate tanks ...

As filters for mechanical cleaning, the corresponding standard main flow filters of coarse and / or fine cleaning are used with the replacement of cartridges in the last 1-2 times a quarter.

Verification of the proposed method when implementing a flushing system on the line of stationary galvanic baths in OM of electrolytic nickel plating, when processing parts on pendants, has shown its feasibility and effectiveness in terms of the claimed improvements, in comparison, both with the method chosen as a prototype, and with other solutions in this area, known both in Russia and abroad.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1.GOST 9.314-90. Water for electroplating and flushing schemes. General requirements. P. 6-10.

2. The use of water for rinsing products in the electroplating industry. Guidance materials. M .: Research Institute for Mechanical Engineering, 1970, pp. 7-15, 18, 19, 23-27 - prototype.

3. RF patent №2149228, M. CL. C25D 21/08, 1998

4. RF patent No. 2218455, M. CL. C25D 08/21/2003

Claims (24)

1. A method for controlling the operations of washing parts in a galvanic line made in a single-level arrangement, including the placement in the technological sequence of process baths and washing baths for preliminary, main and post-processing operations, the effluents of which are fed to the treatment plant, and the washing operations are carried out by submersible and jet methods, and water is supplied to the immersion washing baths through electromagnetic valves controlled by a time relay, taking into account the required technological exchange rate in them or the value of the washing criterion for a specific operation, characterized in that the washing of parts in each operation is sequentially carried out in one jet-dynamic washing bath and in a bath for rinsing by immersion, the water from which is drained into its overflow pocket, or connected through a mechanical cleaning filter with an intermediate tank installed next to the bath, equipped with an overflow pipe, a drain valve and a pump, outlet to which, through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter, is connected to a manifold for jet flushing installed in a jet-dynamic flushing bath, equipped with a branch pipe for draining water contaminated with the main component to be washed through a ball valve, or equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, the outlet of which is connected to the pump inlet , the outlet of which through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter is connected to a manifold for jet flushing installed in a jet-dynamic flushing bath equipped with an overflow pipe and a branch pipe for draining water contaminated with the main component to be washed through a mechanical filter and a ball valve, while the outlets of the ball valve baths of jet-dynamic washing, depending on the type of the process bath and the stage of processing, are connected respectively: - with an intermediate tank installed next to the process bath, and through an intermediate vessel installed next to the jet-dynamic flushing bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve, with the pump inlet, the outlet of which is connected to a manifold for jet flushing through a control valve and a mechanical cleaning filter installed in the process bath of the corresponding operation, the overflow pocket of which is equipped with a drain pipe connected to an intermediate tank installed next to it, equipped with an overflow pipe and through a drain valve connected to a pump, the outlet of which is connected to the process bath through a filtering unit and a control valve, or with the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which is connected through a control valve and a mechanical filter to a manifold for jet flushing, installed in the process bath of the corresponding operation, the overflow pocket of which is equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain pipe connected through a drain valve with a pump, the outlet of which is connected to the process bath through a filter unit and / or a control valve; - with an intermediate tank installed next to the process bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve connected to a pump, the outlet of which is connected through a control valve to the process bath and to an intermediate tank located next to the dynamic jet washing bath equipped with an overflow pipe, and through a drain valve with a pump, the outlet of which is connected through a control valve to the jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath, or to the pump inlet, the output of which is connected to the inlet of a three-way ball valve, one of the outputs of which is connected to the jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process degreasing bath, and the second through a mechanical cleaning filter - with a jet flushing manifold installed in the overflow pocket of the process bath, equipped with an overflow pipe and a drain valve connected to the pump, the outlet of which is connected to the process room through a control valve bath, while the supply of clean water to the immersion wash bath is carried out for a predetermined time with a set specific water flow rate in accordance with the technological requirements for this operation, and the start of water supply to the immersion wash bath is performed on a signal from the load sensor or the line operator during the time set on the timer to control the water supply time and control the activation of the solenoid valve for the water supply. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, depending on the type of galvanic line - with an automatic or manual / mechanized method of moving devices with parts, a load sensor for the bath of jet-dynamic washing and / or washing by immersion is used, respectively. , or a button / pedal installed on the drain next to any of these bathtubs. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that distilled, demineralized or deionized water is used as pure water, at least for the operations of washing parts during the main treatment (coating) and / or cleaning the inner surface of the jet-forming elements. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water is supplied to the manifolds for jet flushing through check valves installed on one side of the manifold, to the opposite side of which a ball or solenoid valve is connected to supply a cleaning medium, which is used as distilled water and / or compressed air. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when washing the parts during the degreasing operation, at least the intermediate container located under the jet-dynamic washing bath, or the latter itself in its lower part, is equipped with washing liquid heaters or after the process bath use a bath with a combined washing method - immersion in hot water and jet, including connected to a pump for supplying hot water to the collector for jet-dynamic washing of parts when they are unloaded from the degreasing bath. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the settings for the time of water supply to the immersion baths, depending on the type of operation being performed - preliminary, main and post-processing - are determined from the ratio

where T _{Pr.V., j, i} is the processing time of parts in the process bath of the j-th type of the operating module of the i-th name, involved in one cycle of parts processing, min, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, j = 1 , 2, 3, 4 (for the 1st ОМ line i = 1 at Т _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} << Т _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} , where T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} - the duration of the processing of parts in the degreasing bath; T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} - the duration of the processing of parts in the etching bath); n _{Ave Bj, i} - the number of process baths of the j-th type in the operating module of the i-th name involved in one processing cycle, n _{Ave B., i} = 1, 2, 3, ..., T _{VSP, i} - time of jet-dynamic flushing (essence: unloading or moving parts), min, T _{VSP, i} ≈ 0.1-0.2 min for suspensions and ≈ 1-2 min for perforated drums; n _{VSP., i} is the number of jet washing baths in the operating module of the i-th designation involved in one cycle of parts processing, n _Pr . in, i = 1, 2; T _{set VPP, i} is the duration of the set point for water supply to the washing bath by the immersion method (VPP) of the operating module of the i-th name, min. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the case

, pretreatment operations are divided into two separate operations - degreasing and etching - with their own water supply system, where T _{Ave. In OBH (ECHO)} - the duration of the processing of parts in the degreasing bath; T _{Ave. In Trl (Act)} - the duration of processing of parts in the etching bath. 8. The method according to claim. 1, characterized in that filtering devices are placed in the overflow pockets of the process baths for coating, which are used as submersible electrochemical modules or selective electrolyzers. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate tanks installed under or next to the baths, jet-dynamic washing baths and overflow pockets of baths, connected through drain valves with pumps, are equipped with liquid level sensors in them, as which are used and / or installed at the pump outputs, flow switches or pressure sensors to prevent the pumps from starting at idle speed. 10. The method according to any one of claims. 1 or 2, characterized in that when cleaning the surfaces of parts in a rinsing bath by immersion of each of the operations with mixing water in it by bubbling, compressed air is supplied to its bubbler by a signal from a load sensor or a line operator during the duration of exposure of parts in a rinsing bath by immersion and, in the case of a manual / mechanized method of moving devices, the duration of their processing in a jet-dynamic washing bath installed on a timer to control the time of supply of compressed air for bubbling and control the process of the latter, it is carried out by turning on an oil-free blower directly or through a mechanical air filter, including using air from the street.

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